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44-576: The institute's rule of life is based generally on that of the secular canons . Its stated mission is the defence and propagation of the reign of Christ the King in all areas of human life, both private and social. The institute was canonically erected on 1 September 1990 by Gilles Wach and Philippe Mora in Gabon , Africa, where the Institute still has missions, notably in the capital Libreville . Its canonical status

88-417: A rochet , mantelletta , mozzetta , pectoral cross , and biretta . [REDACTED] Priests, superiors, and the prior general Canon (priest)#Secular canons Canon ( Greek : κανονικός , romanized :  kanonikós ) is a Christian title usually used to refer to a member of certain bodies in subject to an ecclesiastical rule . Originally, a canon was a cleric living with others in

132-583: A clergy house or, later, in one of the houses within the precinct of or close to a cathedral or other major church and conducting his life according to the customary discipline or rules of the church. This way of life grew common (and is first documented) in the 8th century AD. In the 11th century, some churches required clergy thus living together to adopt the rule first proposed by Saint Augustine that they renounce private wealth. Those who embraced this change were known as Augustinians or Canons Regular , whilst those who did not were known as secular canons. In

176-470: A common life with the clergy of their church. Rules taken from the sacred canons were even drawn up for their use, of which the most celebrated is that of St. Chrodegang , Bishop of Metz (766). In the tenth century, this institution declined; the canons, as the clergy attached to a church and living a common life were called, began to live separately; some of them, however, resisted this relaxation of discipline, and even added poverty to their common life. This

220-602: A papal chapel and minor basilica in Rome, as of 2019. The institute is especially active in the domain of education, running schools in France (Montpellier, Lille and Versailles), Belgium (Brussels International Catholic School), and Africa. During its yearly ordinations week in Italy, the institute has had visits by Cardinals Raymond Leo Burke, Antonio Cañizares Llovera , Darío Castrillón Hoyos , as well as Archbishop Camille Perl. The Adorers of

264-535: A violet or violet-trimmed cassock . In some Church of England dioceses, the title Prebendary is used instead of Canon when the cleric is involved administratively with a cathedral. Canons may be members of the diocesan or bishop's staff rather than the cathedral staff, such as in the United States Episcopal Church , where a diocese's "Canon to the Ordinary" is a senior priest who works directly for

308-586: Is a canon at an Anglican cathedral (either lay or in orders) who also holds a university professorship. There are four canon professorships in the University of Oxford in conjunction with Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford and two in Durham University in conjunction with Durham Cathedral , although academics titled "canon professor" may also be found at other universities where the appointments as canon and professor have been made independently. Section 2 of

352-420: Is a member of the chapter of (for the most part) priests, headed by a dean , which is responsible for administering a cathedral or certain other churches that are styled collegiate churches . The dean and chapter are the formal body which has legal responsibility for the cathedral and for electing the bishop. The title of Canon is not a permanent title and, when no longer in a position entitling preferment, it

396-574: Is based in Gricigliano , Italy , in the Archdiocese of Florence . Its international seminary of Saint Philip Neri is also located there, and the institute's ordinations and other major masses are held at the church of San Gaetano in Florence. Wach serves as prior general and Mora as rector of the seminary. Both received their priestly formation under Cardinal Giuseppe Siri of Genoa . As of 2022,

440-511: Is based on a misconception. The canonry of St Mary's College, St David's became the property of the Crown on the dissolution of the monasteries . The Sovereign was never a canon of St David's, even as a layman (see also the Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion (1562) Article 37), though he or she may occupy the first prebendal stall , which is assigned for the monarch's use. A canon professor

484-738: Is consecrated." Saint Thérèse of the Child Jesus is the patroness of its African missions. In the United States , the institute is headquartered in Chicago , with presences in Illinois , Wisconsin , Missouri , New Jersey , Connecticut , California , Arizona , Michigan , Pennsylvania , Louisiana , and Ohio , with a forthcoming apostolate in Worcester, Massachusetts announced in September 2023. In Chicago,

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528-779: Is located at the Cathedral Church of St Mary and St Boniface . Erected as the Diocese of Plymouth in 1850 by Pope Pius IX , from the Apostolic Vicariate of the Western District , the diocese has remained jurisdictionally constant since. Since 1965, the diocese has been a suffragan see of the Ecclesiastical Province of Southwark; before then, from 1850 to 1911 it was in the Province of Westminster, then from 1911 to 1965 in

572-404: Is the origin of the canons regular. Pope Benedict XII by his constitution Ad decorem (15 May 1339) prescribed a general reform of the canons regular. The canons regular ex professo united Holy Orders with religious life, and being attached to a church, devoted themselves to promoting the dignity of divine worship . With monks , Holy Orders are incidental and secondary, and are superadded to

616-633: Is to combine the clerical and monastic forms of life, thus they are equally committed to pastoral ministry and to the communal celebration of the Liturgy of the Hours . Their distinctive religious habit is the rochet , which can be rendered in a range of forms. There are a variety of congregations of canons, some of which are part of the Confederation of Canons Regular of St. Augustine : Many bishops endeavoured to imitate St. Augustine and St. Eusebius, and to live

660-430: Is usually dropped from a cleric's title nomenclature. However, it is still given in many dioceses to senior parish priests (including some rural deans , those who have played a role in the wider life of the diocese, those who have served in the diocese for a long time, or similar) as a largely honorary title. It is usually awarded in recognition of long and dedicated service to the diocese. Honorary canons are members of

704-542: The Church of England (Miscellaneous Provisions) Measure 1995 was passed for the express purpose of enabling Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford , to appoint not more than two lay canons. One of the motivations for this provision was that, under section 6 of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners Act 1840 ( 3 & 4 Vict. c. 113), the position of Regius Professor of Ecclesiastical History in the University of Oxford

748-764: The Diocese of Shrewsbury , where they have apostolates in New Brighton and Shrewsbury, in the Diocese of Lancaster , where they have two churches in Preston and the Diocese of Plymouth , where they have a church in Torquay . In 2011 the Bishop of Shrewsbury invited the institute to re-open the Church of Saints Peter, Paul, and Philomena in New Brighton . Since Saint Patrick's Day , 17 March 2006,

792-521: The Latin Church , canons are the members of a chapter , that is a body of senior clergy overseeing either a cathedral (a cathedral chapter ) or a collegiate church . Depending on the title of the church, several languages use specific titles, e.g., in German Domherr or Domkapitular in a Dom (i.e., cathedral), Stiftsherr in a prelature that has the status of a Stift (notably under a prince of

836-621: The Michael Ramsey Professor of Anglican Studies , who must be Anglican but did not have to be ordained. Historically, the chair in Greek at the university was also a canon professorship. This canonry was transferred to the Lightfoot Professor of Divinity in 1940. The Lightfoot professorship was attached to the canonry until 1985, when the non-Anglican James Dunn was appointed. Minor canons are those clergy who are members of

880-784: The Presidents of the Republic , and hence is currently held by Emmanuel Macron . This applies even when the French President is not a Catholic or even an atheist. The proto-canon of the papal basilica of Saint Mary Major is the King of Spain , currently Felipe VI . Before the English Reformation , the King of England was a canon of the basilica of Saint Paul outside the Walls . In addition to canons who are clerics in holy orders , cathedrals in

924-567: The Regius Professorship of Divinity , Lady Margaret Professorship of Divinity , recently held by the famous Anglican theologian, John Macquarrie , and Regius Professorship of Moral and Pastoral Theology , are annexed to canonries of Christ Church and were until recently held only by Anglican priests. At Durham, the canon professorships are the Van Mildert Professor of Divinity , the holder of which must be an Anglican priest, and

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968-519: The Anglican Communion may also appoint lay persons as canons. The rank of "lay canon" is especially conferred upon diocesan chancellors (the senior legal officer of the diocese, who is usually, though not exclusively, a lay person). It has traditionally been said that the King of England (now the British Sovereign ) is a canon or prebendary of St David's Cathedral, Wales . However, this

1012-534: The Chapter. Although at present Minor Canons are generally more junior clergy this is a recent development. Within living memory such offices were often freehold and were held by clergy of great distinction and seniority. Canons regular are the members of certain religious orders in the Catholic Church (not to be confused with clerics regular ), composed of priests who live in community with lay brothers . Their goal

1056-518: The Church ). One of the functions of the cathedral chapter in the Latin Church was to elect a vicar capitular (now named a diocesan administrator) to serve during a sede vacante period of the diocese . Since the 1983 revision of the Code of Canon Law , this responsibility belongs to the college of consultors , unless the national bishops conference decides that the functions that canon law ascribes to

1100-471: The Province of Birmingham. In December 2023, Christopher Whitehead from the Diocese of Clifton was appointed bishop-elect of the diocese, replacing Bishop Mark O’Toole, who had been appointed as Archbishop of Cardiff a year prior. His episcopal ordination was due to take place on the 22nd February. On 1st February, the Catholic Bishops' Conference of England and Wales released a statement that Whitehead

1144-677: The Royal Heart of Jesus Christ Sovereign Priest are a women's community founded in 2001 that is associated with the institute. They are also based in Gricigliano. The sisters are non- cloistered contemplatives , and their way of life is based on the Benedictine tradition. The community celebrates Mass and the Divine Office using the traditional form of the Roman Rite , celebrated according to

1188-566: The USA, and Loisy in France. Gricigliano is their Mother House and Naples their Noviciate. The Society of the Sacred Heart is a lay society associated with the institute. The lay members of the society pledge to live according to a modified Benedictine rule, within their vocation. Through membership in the society, lay faithful can participate in the spiritual and social missions of the institute through prayer, devotions, spiritual direction, and study of

1232-475: The chapter in name but are non-residential and receive no emoluments . They are entitled to call themselves canon and may have a role in the administration of the cathedral. Generally speaking, canons in Anglican churches are either canons residentiary (working at the cathedral, and few in number) or honorary canons (non-cathedral clergy given the title as a mark of honour—often many of them): either may wear

1276-499: The choir dress of a canon, which includes the mozetta (black with purple piping for Malta and white with a red Jerusalem cross for Holy Sepulchre. Since the reign of King Henry IV , the heads of state of France have been granted by the Pope the title of sole honorary canon of Saint John Lateran and Saint Peter's . On the demise of the Kingdom of France this honour became transferred to

1320-479: The college of consultors, including this one, are to be entrusted to the cathedral chapter. All canons of the Church of England have been secular since the Reformation , although an individual canon may also be a member of a religious order. Mostly, however, they are ordained, that is, priests or other clergy. Today, the system of canons is retained almost exclusively in connection with cathedral churches. A canon

1364-666: The diocesan bishop (ordinary). Honorary canons within the Catholic Church may still be nominated after the Second Vatican Council . Also, priests (and honorary chaplains) of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta and the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre are, in fact, titular or honorary canons of these respective Orders and have the right to the honorific title of "Canon" and "Monsignor" in addition to

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1408-629: The foundation of a cathedral or collegiate establishment. They take part in the daily services. They have sometimes formed a distinct corporation as at St Paul's Cathedral , London. In St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin , they are distinct from, and rank before, the Vicars Choral . The two groups overlap however; the two senior vicars, the Dean's Vicar and the Succentor , are also the two senior Minor Canons. Some Minor Canons do sit with, but are not voting members of,

1452-516: The institute at a historic church otherwise in danger of being closed. Also in 2005 St. Francis de Sales Church in Saint Louis, Missouri was established as an oratory under care of the institute, to serve the city and region. It is leading efforts to restore the church and has installed a new organ. The superior for the United States is Canon Matthew Talarico. In England, the Institute is active in

1496-537: The institute has 139 priests, as well as clerical oblates who go through formation but may only be ordained up to the permanent diaconate, working instead for the several apostolates of the institute. The charism of the institute is based on the example of its three patron saints : The institute also honors as its primary patroness the Virgin Mary under the title "of the Immaculate Conception , to Whom it

1540-759: The institute has had a presence in the Diocese of Limerick in the Republic of Ireland . In Limerick City , they purchased Sacred Heart Church, Since May 2010, the institute has expanded into the Irish diocese of Galway , where weekly Mass is offered at Saint Mary's College school; monthly Masses are offered by priests of the institute in Ennis . The institute is also closely involved in the annual Catholic Voice conference held in Limerick, which features amongst its regular speakers Cardinal Raymond Leo Burke and John Hunwicke. Since December 2019

1584-812: The institute has had an established apostolate in Belfast ( Diocese of Down and Connor ) following the purchase of the former Fortwilliam & Macrory Presbyterian Church. In April 2021, the Institute purchased a convent in Ardee , County Louth for use by a community of its female religious, the Sisters Adorers . In addition to its oratories in the United States and missions in Africa, the institute also has apostolates in France , Spain , Belgium , Italy , Germany , Austria , and Switzerland . It also has care of Santi Celso e Giuliano ,

1628-873: The institute is restoring the historic Saint Clara/Saint Gelasius Church on Carmelite Way, which is also the site of the headquarters for the American Province of the institute. Upon completion, it will become the Shrine of Christ the King . Its oldest United States apostolate is the Saint Mary Oratory in Rockford, Illinois , and its newest is the St. Elizabeth of Hungary Shrine in Cleveland, Ohio . In Kansas City, Missouri , Bishop Robert Finn established an oratory (a public church where Mass and other rites may be celebrated) in 2005 for

1672-805: The pre– Vatican II rubrics. Needlework and embroidery projects form an important part of their daily Ora et Labora ("Pray and Work"). When the number of sisters has increased sufficiently, the community plans to plant convents near the institute's churches, where the sisters will perform apostolic work such as teaching. As of 2017, the sisters numbered 42, increasing to 60 by 2022. The sisters now have nine convents in seven countries. They are at Gricigliano, Livorno and Naples in Italy, Engelport in Germany, Les Cotes in Switzerland, Preston in England, Ardee in Ireland, Wausau in

1716-417: The religious life. With canons as with the clerks regular, Holy Orders are the principal thing, and the religious life is superadded to the Holy Orders. Diocese of Plymouth The Diocese of Plymouth ( Latin : Dioecesis Plymuthensis ) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in England . The episcopal see is in the city of Plymouth , Devon , where the bishop's seat ( cathedra )

1760-474: The spiritual writings of Saint Francis de Sales. Gilles Wach is the founder and prior general. Philippe Mora is the co-founder and rector of the international Saint Philip Neri Seminary in Gricigliano. Rudolf Michael Schmitz is the vicar general of the institute and provincial of the German-speaking countries. The institute has its own choir dress , adopted in 2006, which it received from Cardinal Ennio Antonelli , Archbishop of Florence . It consists of

1804-461: The universities of Bournemouth , Exeter and Plymouth . The diocese includes the Grail Centre in Pinner in the London Borough of Harrow (which is physically in the Diocese of Westminster), a lay community of single Roman Catholic women. The Centre promotes a wider "Grail community" to include non-resident women and families, and also publishes a translation of the Psalms . Cornwall : Bodmin (SS Mary & St Petroc) , Tintagel (St Paul

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1848-407: Was annexed to a residentiary canonry of the cathedral, meaning that the Regius professorship could be held only by an Anglican priest. Following the death of Peter Hinchliff in 1995 the Regius professorship was held by Henry Mayr-Harting , a Catholic layman, from 1997 until 2003, and was taken up by another lay person, Sarah Foot , in Michaelmas Term 2007. Three other Statutory Professorships ,

1892-401: Was of diocesan right until 7 October 2008. On that date, it was granted the status of pontifical right by decree, titled Saeculorum Rex , of the Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei , on the occasion of the visit of Camille Perl, the vice-president of the commission. Deacons and priests are incardinated into the institute, whose prior general has the right to call to orders. The institute

1936-445: Was under canonical investigation, and that the ordination would not take place, no reason was given. The diocese remains under a diocesan administrator. The diocese covers the counties of Cornwall , Devon and Dorset , stretching from Penzance and the Isles of Scilly in the west, to parts of Bournemouth in the east. It is divided into five deaneries : Cornwall , Dorset, Exeter , Plymouth, and Torbay. There are chaplaincies at

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