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Hulu Langat District is a district of Malaysia located in the southeastern corner of Selangor , between Kuala Lumpur and Negeri Sembilan . It is bordered by the state of Pahang to the east and north, Gombak district to the north-west, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and Petaling district to the west, Sepang district to the south-west, and state of Negeri Sembilan to the south.

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158-561: Hulu Langat is the fifth largest district in Selangor State with an area of 840 square kilometres and the second most populous district with a population of 1,400,461 at the 2020 Census (provisional result). It is also the second most densely populated district with approximately 1688 people per km. It has a mix of urban and rural settlements with a majority of the population settling in towns near Kuala Lumpur . These population centers, such as Cheras and Ampang effectively became suburbs of

316-734: A cross-platform interchange between the SBK line and Sungai Buloh–Serdang–Putrajaya line (SSP line). The line continues in twin-bore tunnels to the Maluri portal, passing through the city centre and the Golden Triangle of Kuala Lumpur. Interchange to other lines is provided from Muzium Negara to Maluri with the exception of Cochrane in the Kuala Lumpur city. Beyond Taman Pertama, the line passes through Cheras and ends in Kajang via an elevated guideway. The line serves

474-607: A market-driven economy and maintaining law and order while combatting the slavery widely practised across Perak at the time. The three-year Japanese occupation in World War II halted further progress. After the war, Perak became part of the temporary Malayan Union , before being absorbed into the Federation of Malaya . It gained full independence through the Federation, which subsequently became Malaysia on 16 September 1963. Perak

632-581: A state of emergency on 18 June 1948 marked the start of the Malayan Emergency . Perak and Johor became the main strongholds of the communist movement, the former through native-born figureheads like Abdullah CD and Rashid Maidin . In the early stages their actions were not co-ordinated, and the security forces were able to counter them. Earlier in 1947, the head of the Perak's Criminal Investigation Department , H. J. Barnard, negotiated an arrangement with

790-586: A "policy of confrontation " against the new state. This prompted the British, and their allies Australia and New Zealand , to deploy armed forces, although no skirmishes arising from the Indonesian attacks occurred around Perak. A second communist insurgency began in the Malay Peninsula in 1968. This affected Perak mainly through attacks from Hulu Perak by the communist insurgents who had previously retreated to

948-691: A Eurasian nurse and member of the Perak resistance, was tortured after the Japanese Kempeitai military police discovered a clandestine shortwave radio set in her home. John Davis, an officer of the British commando Force 136 , part of the Special Operations Executive (SOE), trained local guerrillas prior to the Japanese invasion at the 101 Special Training School in Singapore, where he sought Chinese recruits for their commando teams. Under

1106-405: A Temusai child named Nakhoda Kassim. Before her death, she called on the ancestors of Sang Sapurba to take her place, to prevent the royal lineage from disappearing from the Malay Peninsula. Tun Saban and Nakhoda Kassim then travelled to Kampar, where Mahmud Shah agreed to their request and named his son the first Sultan of Perak. Perak's administration became more organised after the sultanate

1264-457: A corridor with an estimated population of 1.2 million people The MRT Putrajaya line previously known as MRT Sungai Buloh-Serdang-Putrajaya line (MRT SSP) is the twelfth rail transit line, the fourth fully automated and driverless rail system in Klang Valley area. It is a part of the larger rail transport system in Kuala Lumpur known as Greater KL/Klang Valley Integrated Transit System. The line

1422-407: A few declared protected areas (PAs) in order to safeguard biodiversity and wildlife. They are Sungai Dusun Wildlife Reserve which was created to protect the now-extirpated Sumatran Rhinos , Kutu Hill Wildlife Reserve, and Bukit Sungai Puteh Hill Wildlife Reserve which is located at Kuala Lumpur and Selangor's border. The state also has an ecotourism centre, Paya Indah Wetlands, which is located in

1580-619: A further 80–100 miles (130–160 km) to the Perak River (Sungai Perak), damaging the route behind them to slow the Japanese advance. With the approval of Lieutenant-General Arthur Percival , the British mounted a defensive stand near the river mouth and in Kampar , leaving the towns of Ipoh, Kuala Kangsar and Taiping unguarded. Most civil administrations were closed down, since the European administrators and civilians evacuated south. By mid-December,

1738-476: A generous approach that avoided confrontation with local leaders. As a result, he was able to secure the co-operation of many rajas and village penghulu with his policy rather than resorting to force, despite giving transport infrastructure little attention during his term. In 1882, Frank Swettenham succeeded Low for a second term as the Resident of Perak. During his mandate, Perak's rail and road infrastructure

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1896-485: A key role in the industrial development of Selangor because it is the busiest port in Malaysia. The services sector is the second largest contributor to GDP, accounting for 60.1% of the state's GDP. Agriculture, a thriving sector of Selangor's economy, contributes 1.4% of the state's GDP. Agricultural activities of significance in the state include the establishment of palm oil and rubber plantation sites. Selangor

2054-644: A legislative branch, called the Selangor State Assembly . It is similar to the Parliament but is limited to making laws relating to the state. Its members are elected , usually simultaneously with federal elections. The term of each state assembly member is limited to five years. The state assembly must be dissolved before or once it expires its term for a fresh election of its members. There are 12 local authorities in Selangor, namely: The economy of Selangor

2212-412: A monthly allowance from the state treasury in compensation. British intervention marked the beginning of Perak's transition from a primarily Malay society to a multi-ethnic one. The new style of government worked to promote a market-driven economy , maintain law and order, and combat slavery , seen by the British as an obstacle to economic development and incompatible with a capitalist economy . Under

2370-810: A number of pristine nature sites such as the Firefly Sanctuary, Kuala Selangor Nature Park in Kuala Selangor , Malaysia Agriculture Park Bukit Cerakah in Shah Alam , Commonwealth Forest Park and Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) in Selayang , and Ampang Recreational Forest and Kanching Recreational Forest in Ampang Jaya . Selangor is also well known as a haven for massage and spa lovers. Since 2009, there has been an increase in businesses operating as traditional massage and reflexology parlors. While most of

2528-529: A period in Siak on the island of Sumatra . He became sultan through the efforts of Tun Saban, a local leader and trader between Perak and Klang. There had been no sultan in Perak when Tun Saban first arrived in the area from Kampar in Sumatra. Most of the area's residents were traders from Malacca and Selangor , and from Siak, Kampar, and Jambi in Sumatra. Among them was an old woman, Tok Masuka from Daik , who raised

2686-416: A plan for reform. Under its terms, Johor , Terengganu, Kelantan, Kedah-Penang, and Perlis would be restored and federated. Johor would control Perak, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan , and Malacca. An 800-square-mile (2,100 km ) area in southern Johor would be incorporated into Singapore for defence purposes. In the context of the military alliance between Japan and Thailand and their joint participation in

2844-790: A quiet life in the Seychellois community, and had communications access to Government House . After many years, the Sultan was pardoned following petitioning by the Seychellois and correspondence between W. H. Hawley of Government House, Mauritius, and Secretary of State for the Colonies Henry Holland . He was allowed to return to the Malay Peninsula, and spent most of his later life in Singapore and Penang before returning to Kuala Kangsar in Perak in 1922. British Resident in Perak Hugh Low proved an effective administrator, preferring to adopt

3002-567: A reluctance to submit to Siamese authority. One example of this resistance was the Sultanate of Pattani under Sultan Muhammad, who refused to aid Siam during the Siamese war of liberation. This led Rama I's younger brother, Prince Surasi , to attack Pattani in 1786. Many Malays were killed, and survivors were taken to the Siamese stronghold in Bangkok as slaves . Siam's subjugation of Pattani served as

3160-646: A result of the close relationship created by the Anglo-Japanese Alliance . Early in July 1941, a Ceylonese Malay policeman serving under the British administration in Perak raised an alert after a Japanese business owner living in the same building told him that Japanese troops were on their way, approaching not around Singapore from the sea, as expected by the British, but from Kota Bharu in Kelantan, with bicycle infantry and rubber boats . The policeman informed

3318-509: A state of uncertainty prevailed in Perak. This was exacerbated by a deadly cholera epidemic that swept through the state, killing many royal family members. Perak chieftains were left with no alternative but to turn to Aceh's Sultan Iskandar Thani , who sent his relative, Raja Sulong, to become the new Sultan of Perak as Muzaffar Shah II . Aceh's influence on Perak began to wane when the Dutch East India Company (VOC) arrived, in

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3476-428: A typically hot, humid and wet equatorial climate , and experiences significant rainfall throughout the year. The temperature remains fairly constant, between 21 and 27 °C (70 and 81 °F). Humidity is often above 80%. Annual rainfall is about 3,000 millimetres (120 in), the central area of the state receiving an average of 5,000 mm (200 in) of rain. The state experiences two monsoon seasons:

3634-720: A warning to the other Malay tributary states, particularly Kedah, they too having been forced to provide thousands of men, and food supplies, throughout the Siamese resistance campaign against the Burmese. In 1795, the Dutch temporarily withdrew from Malacca for the duration of the Napoleonic Wars in Europe. Malacca's authority was transferred to the British Resident . When war ended, the Dutch returned to administer Malacca in 1818. In 1818,

3792-655: Is Malaysia's most populous state; it has the nation's biggest conurbation , the Klang Valley . Selangor's geographical position in the centre of Peninsular Malaysia contributed to the state's rapid development as Malaysia's transportation and industrial hub, creating jobs and attracting migrants from other states and from other Asian countries, especially Indonesia , the Philippines , Vietnam , Myanmar , Bangladesh , India , Pakistan and China . Selangor's population has increased considerably in recent decades, due mostly to

3950-511: Is a state of Malaysia on the west coast of the Malay Peninsula . Perak has land borders with the Malaysian states of Kedah to the north, Penang to the northwest, Kelantan and Pahang to the east, and Selangor to the south. Thailand 's Yala and Narathiwat provinces both lie to the northeast. Perak's capital city, Ipoh , was known historically for its tin -mining activities until

4108-419: Is a progressive market economy whose core sectors are commerce and agriculture. Selangor is the richest state in Malaysia in terms of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita ( PPP ). On 27 August 2005, Selangor was officially declared the first developed state in Malaysia by the state government. Commerce, industry and services are a major contributor to the economy of Selangor, accounting for over 58% of

4266-462: Is also a Famous Place for Cycling Gathering Point Landmark - Balai Polis Pekan Batu 18 Hulu Langat - SJK (C) CHOON HWA [REDACTED] Media related to Hulu Langat District at Wikimedia Commons Selangor Selangor ( / s ə ˈ l æ ŋ ə r / sə- LANG -ər ; Malay: [s(ə)laŋo(r)] ), also known by the Arabic honorific Darul Ehsan , or "Abode of Sincerity",

4424-734: Is also popular for its recreational activities and natural surroundings. Due to its near location to the city of Kuala Lumpur Hulu Langat is a popular spot to the local tourist for recreational activities. Among the popular spots of eco-tourism are the Sungai Gabai Waterfalls , the Semenyih Water Reservoir and the Congkak River Forest Recreational Center. Another latest hot spot for tourism is the Sungai Lopoh, located at 22nd Mile of Jalan Hulu Langat and

4582-438: Is believed to have culminated in the semi-legendary Gangga Negara kingdom. The Malay Annals mention that Gangga Negara at one time fell under Siamese rule, before Raja Suran of Thailand sailed further south down the Malay Peninsula. By the 15th century, a kingdom named Beruas had come into existence. Inscriptions found on early tombstones of the period show clear Islamic influence, believed to have originated from

4740-401: Is development for tourism such as has been proposed for Kuala Selangor Nature Park . As in the rest of Malaysia, Selangor has a tropical rainforest climate ( Köppen climate classification Af ) bordering on a tropical monsoon climate. The climate is very much dictated by the surrounding sea and the prevailing wind system. It has high average temperature and high average rainfall. Selangor

4898-613: Is ethnically, culturally and linguistically diverse. The state is known for several traditional dances: bubu , dabus , and labu sayong , the latter name also referring to Perak's unique traditional pottery . The head of state is the Sultan of Perak , and the head of government is the Menteri Besar . Government is closely modelled on the Westminster parliamentary system , with the state administration divided into administrative districts. Islam

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5056-524: Is expected to have a ridership of 533,000 passengers per day once completed On 29 August 2006, Malaysian Deputy Prime Minister Mohd Najib Abdul Razak announced that the western end of the Kelana Jaya Line would be extended to the suburbs of Bandar Sunway , Subang Jaya , UEP Subang Jaya (USJ) and Putra Heights . The extension will be part of a RM7 billion plan to expand Kuala Lumpur's public transport network . The expansion plan will also extend

5214-527: Is found in the marshes along the Selangor River (Sungai Selangor) in the state's north-west. According to local lore, a warrior who escaped from Malacca after the Portuguese conquest , took a break from his journey north and rested under a tree here. However, he was disturbed by a persistent fly, whereupon he decided to explore the area. When he found the place to his liking and chose to settle there, he named

5372-523: Is linked to other rail transit services at KL Sentral Station , a modern transportation hub in the city centre. Selangor is accessible by the Rapid KL Light Rail Transit network, which is composed of the Ampang Line , the Kelana Jaya Line and the newly completed Sungai Buloh-Kajang Mass Rapid Transit Network . The MRT Kajang line , or previously known as SBK (Sungai Buloh-Kajang) Line,

5530-565: Is not a major producer of rice; however, paddy fields exist in Kuala Selangor and Sabak Bernam . Tourist attractions in Selangor include the I-City in Shah Alam , a retail and commercial hub with millions of LED lights and an indoor park; the National Zoo of Malaysia (Zoo Negara) in Ampang Jaya , the largest zoo in Malaysia with more than 4,000 animals; Sepang International Circuit in Sepang ,

5688-694: Is numbered 12 and coloured gold on transit maps. It is one of three planned MRT rail lines under Klang Valley Mass Rapid Transit Project by MRT Corp. Phase 1 between Kwasa Damansara and Kampung Batu was operational on June 16, 2022. The remaining line is expected to be operational in 2023. The approved rail alignment is 52.2 km in length, of which 13.5 km is underground. A total of 37 stations, 11 of which are underground, will be built. The line will stretch from Sungai Buloh to Putrajaya and will include densely populated areas Sri Damansara, Kepong, Batu, Jalan Sultan Azlan Shah, Jalan Tun Razak, KLCC, Tun Razak Exchange, Kuchai Lama, Seri Kembangan, and Cyberjaya. It

5846-504: Is one of the 13 states of Malaysia . It is on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia and is bordered by Perak to the north, Pahang to the east, Negeri Sembilan to the south, and the Strait of Malacca to the west. Selangor surrounds the federal territories of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya , both of which were previously part of it. Selangor has diverse tropical rainforests and an equatorial climate . The state's mountain ranges belong to

6004-494: Is situated in the west of the Malay Peninsula on the coast of the Strait of Malacca . Its exclusive economic zone (EEZ) extends into the Strait. It is the second largest Malaysian state on the Malay Peninsula, and the fourth largest in Malaysia. The state has 230 kilometres (140 mi) of coastline, of which 140.2 kilometres (87.1 mi) are affected by coastal erosion . Mangrove forests grow along most of Perak's coast, with

6162-740: Is strategically situated in the heart of the state. It was once part of Selangor territory before it was ceded to the federal government in 1974 to form a Federal Territory . It was then followed by the 1995 cession of Prang Besar of Sepang District to the federal government, which became what is now the nation's administrative and judicial capital Putrajaya . Selangor is divided into nine districts namely Sabak Bernam , Kuala Selangor , Hulu Selangor , Petaling , Klang , Kuala Langat , Hulu Langat and Sepang . Malaysian forest can be classified as tropical rainforest . Selangor has 250,129 ha of permanent reserve forest, of which 82,890 ha are peat swamp forest and 18,998 ha formed mangrove forest along

6320-451: Is the state religion , and other religions may be practised freely. Malay and English are recognised as the official languages of Perak. The economy is mainly based on services and manufacturing . There are many theories about the origin of the name Perak. Although not used until after 1529, the most popular etymology is " silver " (in Malay : perak ); associated with tin mining from

6478-576: Is the longest river in the state, at some 400 km (250 miles), and is the Malay Peninsula's second longest after the Pahang River . It originates in the mountains of the Perak-Kelantan- Yala border, snaking down to the Strait of Malacca. Other major rivers include the Beruas, Jarum Mas, Kurau, Larut, Manjung, Sangga Besar, Temerloh, and Tiram Rivers. Perak is located in a tropical region with

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6636-431: Is the ninth rail transit line and the second fully automated and driverless rail system in the Klang Valley area, Malaysia after the Kelana Jaya Line . It is a part of Greater KL/Klang Valley Integrated Transit System . The line is numbered 9 and coloured Green on official transit maps. The first MRT line covers a span of 46 kilometres from Kwasa Damansara to Kajang, passing the Kuala Lumpur city centre where

6794-465: Is vested with the executive power of the state, are the head of the religion of Islam in the state and the " fountain of honours and dignities " in the state. This position is hereditary and can only be held by a member of Selangor's royal family. The current ruler is His Royal Highness Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah , who has held this position since 2001. The State Executive Council, which along with

6952-471: The Ampang Line to the suburb of Puchong and the south-west of Kuala Lumpur. The plan also involves the construction of a new line, tentatively called the Kota Damansara-Cheras Line , which will run from Sungai Buloh in the north-western flank of the city, to Kajang . Perak Perak ( Malay pronunciation: [peraʔ] ; Perak Malay : Peghok ; Jawi : ڤيراق ‎)

7110-659: The Anglo-Siamese Treaty , signed in Bangkok in 1909, Siam ceded its northern Malay tributary states of Kedah, Kelantan , Perlis, and Terengganu and nearby islands to Great Britain . Exceptions were the Patani region, which remained under Siamese rule, and Perak, which regained the previously lost inland territory that became the Hulu Perak District . The treaty terms stipulated that the British, through their government of

7268-619: The Burma campaign against the Allied forces, in 1943 the Empire of Japan gave Thailand its former Malay tributary states of Kedah, Kelantan, Perlis, and Terengganu, which had been ceded to the British under the 1909 treaty. These territories were then administered as Thailand's Four Malay States ( Thai : สี่รัฐมาลัย ), with Japanese troops maintaining a presence. Perak suffered under harsh military control, restricted movement, and tight surveillance throughout

7426-948: The Constitution of Malaysia provides that forestry comes under the jurisdiction of the respective states. Selangor's forestry headquarters is located at the Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Building , in Shah Alam. Selangor is also home to a statutory agency of the Government of Malaysia , the Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM). Located in Kepong, FRIM promotes sustainable management and optimal use of forest resources in Malaysia by generating knowledge and technology through research, development and application in tropical forestry. Selangor has

7584-451: The Federation of Malaya in 1948, which became independent in 1957. The federation became known as Malaysia in 1963, when its existing states federated with the other British colonies of Sarawak , North Borneo and Singapore . The city of Kuala Lumpur functioned as the national capital of Malaysia and as the state capital of Selangor. In 1974, Selangor relinquished Kuala Lumpur to the federal government. The Sultan of Selangor commemorated

7742-693: The Kempeitai in June 1944. On 16 December 1944, a second intelligence network, comprising five Malay SOE agents and two British liaison officers, Major Peter G. Dobree and Captain Clifford, was parachuted into Padang Cermin, near Temenggor Lake Dam in Hulu Perak under the codename Operation Hebrides. Its main objective was to set up wireless communications between Malaya and Force 136 headquarters in Kandy , British Ceylon , after

7900-633: The Kingdom of Reman , then illegally operated tin mines in Klian Intan, angering the Sultan of Perak and provoking a dispute that escalated into civil war. Reman, aided by Siam, succeeded in controlling several inland districts. In 1821, Siam invaded and conquered the Sultanate of Kedah, angered by a breach of trust. The exiled Sultan of Kedah turned to the British to help him regain his throne, despite Britain's policy of non-engagement in expensive minor wars in

8058-433: The Klang Valley , where most of the population are centered. The Klang Valley is often synonymously associated with another toponym, Greater Kuala Lumpur , though both terms vary between each other. Being one of the most heavily urbanized regions in Malaysia and Southeast Asia, cities that make up Klang Valley include the state and royal capitals of Shah Alam and Klang , as well as the federal capital, Kuala Lumpur , which

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8216-529: The Mesolithic Hoabinhian era. In 1959, a British artillery officer stationed at an inland army base during the Malayan Emergency discovered the Tambun rock art , identified by archaeologists as the largest rock art site in the Malay Peninsula. Most of the paintings are located high above the cave floor, at an elevation of 6–10 metres (20–33 ft). Seashells and coral fragments scattered along

8374-418: The Rattanakosin Kingdom ( Chakri dynasty ) led by Rama I , as the successor of the Thonburi Kingdom, turned its attention to its insubordinate southern Malay subjects, fearing renewed attacks from Burma along the western seaboard of the Malay Peninsula. Attention to the south was also needed because of disunity and rivalries among the various southern tributary sultanates, stemming from personal conflicts and

8532-408: The Strait of Malacca on the west, and surrounds the Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya . Topographically wise, Selangor is relatively level near the coast and gradually become more hilly and mountainous towards the east. The hill and mountain, surrounding the eastern and central portion of the state effectively forming a valley and a drainage basin of the Klang River , known as

8690-410: The Sultanate of Malacca in the 15th century; however, Selangor at that time was not a unified domain—separate river states such as Klang and Jeram existed in the region. According to the Malay Annals , Tun Perak was appointed the chief of Klang during the reign of Muzaffar Shah . Later, Paduka Sri Cina, the son of Mansur Shah and Hang Li Po was made raja of Jeram near Langat, which may be due to

8848-410: The Sultanate of Malacca , the east coast of the Malay Peninsula, and the rural areas of the Perak River . The first organised local government systems to emerge in Perak were the Manjung government and several other governments in Central and Hulu Perak (Upper Perak) under Raja Roman and Tun Saban. With the spread of Islam, a sultanate subsequently emerged in Perak; the second oldest Muslim kingdom in

9006-429: The Titiwangsa Mountains , which is part of the Tenasserim Hills that covers southern Myanmar , southern Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia, with Mount Semangkok as the highest point in the state. The state capital of Selangor is Shah Alam , and its royal capital is Klang , Kajang is the largest municipality by total metropolitan population and Petaling Jaya is the largest municipality by total population within

9164-518: The United Malays National Organisation 's local mobilization in the same decade. In 1961, the Prime Minister of the Federation of Malaya, Tunku Abdul Rahman , sought to unite Malaya with the British colonies of North Borneo , Sarawak , and Singapore . The Federation of Malaysia came into being on 16 September 1963, despite growing opposition from the governments of Indonesia and the Philippines , and from communist sympathisers and nationalists in Borneo. The Indonesian government later initiated

9322-427: The arrival of Islam . By 1528, a Muslim sultanate began to emerge in Perak, out of the remnants of the Malaccan Sultanate . Although able to resist Siamese occupation for more than two hundred years, the sultanate was partly controlled by the Sumatra -based Aceh Sultanate . This was particularly the case after the Aceh lineage took over the royal succession. With the arrival of the Dutch East India Company (VOC), and

9480-542: The destruction and defeat of the Siamese Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1767 by the Burmese Konbaung dynasty , neighbouring Malay tributary states began to assert their independence from Siam. To further develop Perak's tin mines, the Dutch administration suggested that its 17th sultan, Alauddin Mansur Shah Iskandar Muda, should allow Chinese miners into Perak. The sultan himself encouraged the scheme in 1776, requesting that additional Chinese workers be sent from Dutch Malacca . The Fourth Anglo-Dutch War in 1780 adversely affected

9638-459: The plain-pouched hornbill . Mammal species include the Seladang , Asian elephant , and Malayan tiger . The area is also notable for harbouring high concentrations of at least three Rafflesia species. The Pulau Sembilan (Nine Islands) State Park in western Perak covers an area of 214,800 hectares (530,782 acres). Its coral reefs are home to coral reef fish species. In addition, 173 freshwater fish species have been identified as native to

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9796-431: The 2,183-metre (7,162 ft) Mount Korbu , is located in the district of Kinta near the border with the state of Kelantan. Other mountain ranges in Perak are the Bintang Mountains and the Keledang Range . Alluvium covers much of the plains, with detached masses of sedimentary rock appearing at rare intervals. An extensive network of rivers originates from the inland mountain ranges and hills. Perak's borders with

9954-411: The 2nd century BC, and iron tools called " tulang mawas " ("ape bones") have been found in or near Klang. The Mao Kun map dating to the Ming dynasty and used by the Admiral Zheng He during his expeditions between 1405 and 1433 refers to places in Selangor such as the Klang River estuary (吉令港) and perhaps a hilly area. The Malay Annals indicate that the Selangor area was under the control of

10112-417: The British Chief Police Officer in Ipoh, but his claim was laughed off. By 26 December 1941, the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) had arrived in Ipoh, the capital, moving southwards from Thailand. The following day they went on to Taiping , leaving destruction and heavy casualties in their wake. The British forces, retreating from the north of the Malay Peninsula under Lieutenant-General Lewis Heath , had moved

10270-444: The British and the Dutch. It enabled the British to expand their control in the Malay Peninsula without interference from other foreign powers. The 1874 Pangkor Treaty provided for direct British intervention, with Perak appointing a British Resident . Following Perak's subsequent absorption into the Federated Malay States (FMS), the British reformed administration of the sultanate through a new style of government, actively promoting

10428-478: The British could suppress pirate activity along the Perak coast where it became part of the Straits Settlements . The same year, the British and Siam concluded the Burney Treaty , signed by British Captain Henry Burney and the Siamese government, the British agreed not to intercede in the affairs of Kedah despite their friendly relations with Kedah's ruler, and the Siamese agreed not to attack Perak or Selangor. The discovery of tin in Larut and rapid growth of

10586-454: The Bugis stayed and started to gain power in the region. Initially there were only a few hundred Bugis who settled in the estuaries of the Selangor and Klang rivers as well as Linggi further south in the early 17th century, later when the Bugis had gained position of influence in Johor (the Bugis were given the position of Yam Tuan Muda having helped repel an attack from Siak ), much larger number settled in Selangor by 1723. The most prominent of

10744-427: The Bugis were a group of five brothers. Some Minangkabaus , who mainly settled in Negeri Sembilan , may have also settled in Selangor by the 17th century, perhaps earlier. The Bugis and the Minangkabaus from Sumatra struggled for control of Johor; Raja Kecil , backed by the Minangkabaus, invaded but were driven off by the Bugis. In order to establish a power base, Raja Salehuddin , the son of Daeng Cellak (one of

10902-417: The Constitution of the State of Selangor is the highest form of law in the state. It came into force on 26 February 1959 and was separated into two parts. Under the 1959 constitution, Selangor is a constitutional monarchy . The Sultan of Selangor is the constitutional Ruler of Selangor. The role, powers, and duties of the Sultan are set forth in the 1959 constitution, which proclaims that the office of Sultan

11060-410: The Department of Statistics, Malaysia, Hulu Langat's population increased from 1,138,198 in 2010 to 1,400,416 in 2020. The following is based on the Department of Statistics Malaysia 2020 forecast. Hulu Langat District is divided into 7 mukims , which are: List of Hulu Langat district representatives in the Federal Parliament (Dewan Rakyat) List of Hulu Langat district representatives in

11218-419: The Dutch base in Batavia . This warehouse was also destroyed in further attacks in 1690, but was repaired when the Dutch returned with reinforcements. In 1699, when the regional dominant Sultanate of Johor lost its last Malaccan dynasty sultan, Sultan Mahmud Shah II , Perak now had the sole claim of being the final heir of the Sultanate of Malacca. However, Perak could not match the prestige and power of either

11376-466: The Dutch monopoly over the tin trade in Perak was renewed, with the signing of a new recognition treaty. The same year, when Perak refused to send a bunga mas tribute to the Siamese court, Rama II of Siam had Kedah attack Perak. The Sultanate of Kedah knew the intention behind the order was to weaken ties between fellow Malay states, but complied, unable to resist Siam's further territorial expansion into inland Hulu Perak. Siam's tributary Malay state,

11534-679: The FMS, would assume responsibility for all debts owed to Siam by the four ceded Malay states, and relinquish British extraterritorial rights in Siam. There had been a Japanese community in Perak since 1893, managing the bus service between the town of Ipoh and Batu Gajah , and running brothels in Kinta . There were a number of other Japanese-run businesses in Ipoh, including dentists , photo studios , laundries , tailors , barbers , and hotels. Activity increased as

11692-754: The Federal Highway and Area Six, which covers Damansara , Bandar Utama , Kota Damansara and areas of Petaling Jaya , Shah Alam, and Klang north of the Federal Highway. The services was introduced on 23 September 2006 when Rapid KL decided to revamp the Klang Valley bus network. Other bus operators in Selangor includes Wawasan Sutera Travel & Tours Sdn Bhd (Klang and Banting), MARA Liner Sdn Bhd (Rawang and Hulu Selangor), Handal Ceria Sdn Bhd (Puchong, Klang south and Sepang) and The Selangor Omnibus Company Berhad (Damansara Damai and Kuala Selangor). Starting from 15 July 2015, free public bus services named Bas Smart Selangor are also available all over Selangor. It

11850-502: The Japanese at the Battle of Kampar and at the mouth of the Perak River, the Japanese advance along the trunk road, followed up with bombing and water-borne incursions, forced the British to retreat further south. The Japanese occupied all of Malaya and Singapore. Tokugawa Yoshichika, of the Tokugawa clan whose ancestors were Shoguns who ruled Japan from the 16th to 19th centuries, proposed

12008-403: The Japanese had reached Kroh in the interior of Perak, moving in from Kota Bharu in Kelantan. The Japanese arrived both from the east and by boat along the western coast. Within 16 days of their first landings, they had captured the entire northern part of the Malay Peninsula. The British were left trying to blockade the main road heading south from Ipoh. While the defending troops briefly slowed

12166-566: The Japanese occupation and until 1945. The press in occupied Malaya, including the English-language occupation-era newspaper The Perak Times , was entirely under the control of the Dōmei News Agency ( Dōmei Tsushin ), publishing Japanese-related war propaganda . The Dōmei News Agency also printed newspapers in Malay, Tamil , Chinese , and Japanese. The indigenous Orang Asli stayed in

12324-619: The Kinta Valley Home Guard (KVHG) to protect it from the communists. Often described as a private Chinese Army, most of the KVHG's Chinese members had links to the Kuomintang. Many of the Kuomintang guerrillas were absorbed from the Lenggong area, where there were also members of Chinese secret societies whose main purpose was to defend Chinese private property against the communists. Throughout

12482-648: The Kuala Lumpur Look Out Point Tourist Complex, located at Jalan Ampang–Hulu Langat . Near Lembah Pangsun lies Mount Nuang (1,483m), a training ground for hikers and runners before they climb Mount Kinabalu or do a marathon. There are two hots spring in Hulu Langat one is Dusun Tua Hot Spring located at 16th mile and Sungai Serai Hot Spring. Balakong consists of various shopping malls that are frequented by tourists and locals, such as AEON (Jusco) Cheras Selatan Balakong. Kajang town on

12640-820: The Kuomintang-influenced OCAJA leader Leong Yew Koh . This resulted in most OCAJA members being absorbed into the national Special Constabulary, and fighting against the MPAJA's successor, the Malayan National Liberation Army (MNLA). The Kinta Valley , one of the richest tin mining areas in Malaya, accounted for most of the country's tin exports to the United States. On 1 May 1952, the Perak Chinese Tin Mining Association established

12798-622: The MPAJA's failure to do so. The Malay states became unstable following Japan's surrender to the Allies in 1945. This was exacerbated by the emergence of nationalism and a popular demand for independence as the British Military Administration took over from 1945 to 1946 to maintain peace and order, before the British began introducing new administrative systems under the Malayan Union . The four Malay states held by Thailand during

12956-496: The Malacca or Johor Sultanates. The early 18th century started with 40 years of civil war where rival princes were bolstered by local chiefs, the Bugis and Minang, fighting for a share of the tin revenue. The Bugis and several Perak chiefs were successful in ousting the Perak ruler, Sultan Muzaffar Riayat Shah III in 1743. In 1747, Sultan Muzaffar Riayat Shah III, now only holding power in

13114-500: The Malay Peninsula after the neighbouring Kedah Sultanate . Based on Salasilah Raja-Raja Perak (Perak Royal Genealogy), the Perak Sultanate was formed in the early 16th century on the banks of the Perak River by the eldest son of Mahmud Shah , the 8th Sultan of Malacca . He ascended to the throne as Muzaffar Shah I, first Sultan of Perak, after surviving the capture of Malacca by the Portuguese in 1511 and living quietly for

13272-612: The Malay Peninsula at the time, which the EIC upheld through the Governor-General of India . Siam's subsequent plan to extend its conquests to the southern territory of Perak failed after Perak defeated the Siamese forces with the aid of mixed Bugis and Malay reinforcements from the Sultanate of Selangor . As an expression of gratitude to Selangor for assisting it to defeat Siam, Perak authorised Raja Hasan of Selangor to collect taxes and revenue in its territory. This power, however,

13430-475: The Salang people. It has also been proposed that the name is derived from a combination of salang (stabbing) and jemur (dry in the sun), indicating that it was once a place where traitors were stabbed ( salang ) then left to roast in the sun ( jemur ). The most important settlement of the area in the ancient period may have been Klang . Ancient artifacts including Bronze Age axes and a bronze bell dating from

13588-553: The State Legislative Assembly (Dewan Undangan Negeri) Hentian Kajang is the main bus terminal that provides access to both intercity and local destinations with Rapid Bus as the main service provider. Bus routes within the district fall under the Ampang Corridor and Cheras Corridor . Hulu Langat District is home to a number of higher education institutions. Hulu Langat town is famous for its durians. This town

13746-579: The Sultan is Selangor's executive branch of government, was established by the constitution of 1959. It is composed of the Menteri Besar —who is its chairman and Selangor's head of government —and ten other members; all of whom are appointed by the Sultan of Selangor from members of the State Assembly . The current Menteri Besar is Yang Amat Berhormat Dato' Menteri Besar Amirudin Shari . The state also has

13904-421: The Sultan of Kedah to regain his throne. Throughout 1824, Siam aimed to expand its control towards Perak and Selangor. The dispute between the British and Dutch formally ceased when Dutch Malacca in the Malay Peninsula was exchanged with British Bencoolen in Sumatra, both parties agreeing to limit their sphere of influence through the signing of the 1824 Anglo-Dutch Treaty . In July 1825, an initial negotiation

14062-569: The Sultan of Kedah to the throne. The mission failed. In 1823, the Sultanates of Perak and Selangor signed a joint agreement to block the Dutch tin monopoly in their territories. EIC policy shifted with the First Anglo-Burmese War in 1824 with Siam becoming an important ally. Through its governor, Robert Fullerton , Penang tried to convince the main EIC authority in India to continue helping

14220-453: The Thai border. The Perak State Information Office launched two types of psychological warfare to counter the increasing communist propaganda disseminated from the insurgents' hide-out. The campaign against the second insurgency was carried out as two separate efforts, because communist activities in Perak were split into two factions. One faction involved infiltrators from across the Thai border;

14378-541: The VOC had secured a monopoly over the tin trade, setting up a store in Perak. Following long competition between Aceh and the VOC over Perak's tin trade, on 15 December 1653, the two parties jointly signed a treaty with Perak granting the Dutch exclusive rights to tin extracted from mines located in the state. A fort was built on Pangkor Island in 1670 as a warehouse to store tin ore mined in Perak even though Perak nobles had destroyed an earlier store structure, on orders from

14536-482: The VOC's increasing conflicts with Aceh, Perak began to distance itself from Acehnese control. The presence of the English East India Company (EIC) in the nearby Straits Settlements of Penang provided additional protection for the state, with further Siamese attempts to conquer Perak thwarted by British expeditionary forces. The Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824 was signed to prevent further conflict between

14694-484: The alignment goes underground. The line will be serving a corridor with 1.2 million residents within the Klang Valley region from north-west to the south-east of Kuala Lumpur. The line starts from Kwasa Damansara which is located to the north-west of Kuala Lumpur, which runs on an elevated guideway to the Semantan portal, passing through Kota Damansara, Bandar Utama, Seksyen 17 and Damansara Town Centre. Kwasa Damansara provides

14852-536: The appointment of a Resident who would advise the sultan on all matters except religion and customs, and oversee revenue collection and general administration, including maintenance of peace and order. The treaty marked the introduction of a British residential system , with Perak going on to become part of the Federated Malay States (FMS) in 1895. It was also a shift from the previous British policy of non-intervention in Perak's affairs. James W. W. Birch

15010-504: The area of Upper Perak, signed a treaty with Dutch Commissioner Ary Verbrugge under which Perak's ruler recognised the Dutch monopoly over the tin trade, agreed to sell all tin ore to Dutch traders, and allowed the Dutch to build a new warehouse fort on the Perak River estuary. With construction of the new warehouse near the Perak River (also known as Sungai Perak), the old warehouse was abandoned permanently and left in ruins. The mid-18th century saw Sultan Muzaffar ruling inland Perak while

15168-653: The authority of Perak-born Chin Peng , who took over the CPM administration after former leader Lai Teck disappeared with party funds. Under Chin's authority, the MPAJA killed those they considered to have been Japanese collaborators during the war, who were mainly Malays. This sparked racial conflict and Malay retaliation. Death squads were also dispatched by the CPM to murder European plantation owners in Perak, and Kuomintang leaders in Johor . The Malayan government's subsequent declaration of

15326-469: The businesses are genuine, some brothels masquerade as massage parlours and spas; the Royal Malaysian Police frequently raid such establishments when they receive tip-offs from the public. Selangor is linked to the rest of Malaysia by comprehensive air, road and rail connections. Public transport in the state is present but underused. Most of the major highways that run through the west coast of

15484-512: The capital of the British colonial administration of Selangor from 1875 until 1880 when it was moved to Kuala Lumpur. Under the stability imposed by the British, Selangor again prospered. In 1896, largely through the coordination of the Resident Frank Swettenham , Selangor united with Negeri Sembilan , Perak and Pahang to form the Federated Malay States , with Kuala Lumpur as its capital. The Federated Malay States evolved into

15642-510: The cave floor are evidence that the area was once underwater. The significant numbers of statues of Hindu deities and of the Buddha found in Bidor , Kuala Selensing, Jalong, and Pengkalan Pegoh indicate that, before the arrival of Islam , the inhabitants of Perak were mainly Hindu or Buddhist . The influence of Indian culture and beliefs on society and values in the Malay Peninsula from early times

15800-558: The city's transfer by building an archway on the borders of the new Federal Territory and Selangor; this archway is the Kota Darul Ehsan that straddles a section of the Federal Highway between Bangsar and Petaling Jaya . The state capital was moved to Shah Alam after the cession. Putrajaya , a new city designed to be the new administrative capital of Malaysia, was built by the federal government in Selangor; Sultan Salahuddin

15958-428: The city. Petaling Jaya and Subang Jaya received city status in 2006 and 2019, respectively. Selangor is one of four Malaysian states that contain more than one city with official city status; the others are Sarawak , Johor , and Penang . The state of Selangor has the largest economy in Malaysia in terms of gross domestic product (GDP), with RM 384 billion (roughly $ 82 billion) in 2022, comprising 25.6% of

16116-399: The civil war. The conflicts between Malay and Chinese factions in Perak and Selangor, as well as concerns over piracy that affected coastal trade, led to increasing British involvement in the affairs of the Malay states. In 1874, Sultan Abdul Samad of Selangor accepted a British Resident in a system that allowed the British to govern while the Sultan remained the apparent ruler. Klang was

16274-418: The coast. The permanent reserve forest makes up about 32 percent of the state land. Forest parks that are situated in Selangor include Gabai Waterfall, Taman Rimba Templer, Taman Rimba Ampang , Taman Rimba Komanwel, Sungai Chongkak, Sungai Tua, Sungai Sendat, Sungai Tekala, Kanching, Gunung Nuang and Bukit Tabur . Reserved forests in Selangor are managed and conserved by the state's forestry department, as

16432-493: The coastal region was ruled by Raja Iskandar, animosity grew between the two as Raja Iskandar was unable to reach the tin-bearing highlands while the sultan had restricted access to the strait. Reconciliation occurred later with Iskandar's marriage to the sultan's daughter. His accession in 1752 saw unprecedented peace in Perak, especially due to an alliance (which lasted until 1795) with the Dutch to protect Perak against external attacks. When repeated Burmese invasions resulted in

16590-574: The codename Operation Gustavus, Davis and five Chinese agents landed on the Perak coast north of Pangkor Island on 24 May 1943. They established a base camp in the Segari Hills, from which they moved to the plains to set up an intelligence network in the state. In September 1943, they met and agreed to co-operate with the MPAJA, which then provided Force 136 with support and manpower. This first intelligence network collapsed, when many of its leaders, including Lim Bo Seng , were caught, tortured and killed by

16748-406: The country's GDP. It is the most developed state in Malaysia; it has good infrastructure, such as highways and transport, and has the largest population in Malaysia . It also has a high standard of living and the lowest poverty rate in the country. The origin of the name Selangor is uncertain. A common suggestion is that the name refers to the Malay word langau , a large fly or blowfly that

16906-749: The development of the Klang Valley. The population was 1,426,250 in 1980, and by 2000 it had grown to 3,941,316, and further increased to 5,482,141 in 2010. As of 2015 , its population was 5,874,100. The traditional culture of Selangor's Malay majority is also influenced by those of Bugis , Minangkabau , Mandailing , Javanese , and Banjarese ancestry; most of whom are Muslims. Javanese ancestry are dominant in west coast districts such as Sabak Bernam , Kuala Selangor , Klang , Kuala Langat and Sepang . Whereas Minangkabau descent are dominant in Gombak and Hulu Selangor . Selangor's population also includes ethnic Chinese and Indian influences; those two groups form

17064-457: The differences between Selangor and Ligor. A month later, in August 1825, Sultan of Selangor Ibrahim Shah signed a friendship and peace treaty with the EIC, represented by John Anderson, ending the long feud between the governments of Selangor and Perak. Under the treaty, Selangor gave assurances to the British that it would not interfere in the affairs of Perak; the border between Perak and Selangor

17222-411: The district Kuala Langat near Dengkil. It is a sanctuary to migratory and residential birds, introduced Nile hippos and crocodiles. Several Nature Sites in Selangor are at risk from development. These include Shah Alam Community Forest which is being cleared for housing, roads and a cemetery. Similarly, Bukit Lagong forest reserve is at risk from quarrying and housing development. Another threat

17380-615: The exception of Pangkor Island, with its rich flora and fauna , where several of the country's forest reserves are located. There is extensive swampland along the coastal alluvial zones of the west coast between central Perak and southern Selangor . Perak has an overall total forest cover of 1,027,404.31 hectares (2,538,771 acres), including 939,403.01 hectares (2,321,315 acres) of forest lands , 41,616.75 hectares (102,837 acres) of mangroves, and another 2,116.55 hectares (5,230 acres) of forest plantations. A total of 995,284.96 hectares (2,459,403 acres) of forest has been gazetted by

17538-491: The first emergency the British authorities and their Malayan collaborators fought against the communists. This continued even after the proclamation of the independence of the Federation of Malaya , on 31 August 1957. As a result, most of the communist guerrillas were successfully pushed across the northern border into Thailand. Other radical left nationalist movements started in Perak like those under Ahmad Boestamam and Burhanuddin al-Helmy ; but were eventually overwhelmed by

17696-525: The five Bugis brothers) became Tengku Raja Selangor and founded the present hereditary Selangor Sultanate with its capital at Kuala Selangor in 1766. Selangor is unique as the only state on the Malay Peninsula that was founded by the Bugis. In the 19th century, the economy of Selangor boomed due to the exploitation of its tin reserves; mining occurred in various parts of Selangor, for example in Ampang , that led to

17854-419: The greater metropolitan area (both Cheras and Ampang are communities now divided administratively between Kuala Lumpur Federal Territory and Selangor State). Hulu Langat has a median income of RM8361 (2019), which is the fourth highest in the state and country behind Petaling, Sepang and Gombak. The figure is higher than both the state, RM8210 (2019) and national median income of RM5873 (2019). According to

18012-528: The growth of Kuala Lumpur . In 1854, the Sultan of Selangor granted Raja Abdullah control of Klang , passing over Raja Mahdi, the son of the chief who previously ruled Klang, which led to the Selangor Civil War fought between 1867 and 1874. The war between the Malay factions was also partly a struggle for control of the tin revenue. Tin mining had attracted a large number of Chinese migrant labourers, and Chinese clans allied with Selangor chiefs also joined

18170-492: The interest of both Malay royalty and commoners. Good relations with the country's rulers resulted in Islamic scholars being appointed as palace officers and dignitaries, teachers, and religious judges, contributing to the further spread of Islam. Islam is now seen as a major factor that shaped current attitudes towards standing up for Malay rights. Perak has a total land area of 20,976 square kilometres (8,099 sq mi), and

18328-557: The interior during the occupation. Much of their community was befriended by Malayan Communist Party guerrillas , who protected them from outsiders in return for information on the Japanese and their food supplies. Strong resistance came mainly from the ethnic Chinese community, whilst some Malays collaborated with the Japanese through the Kesatuan Melayu Muda (KMM) movement for Malayan independence. But Malay support waned with increasingly harsh Japanese treatment of civilians during

18486-496: The larger Tenasserim Hills system that connects Myanmar , Thailand and Malaysia. The discovery of an ancient skeleton in Perak revealed missing information on the migration of Homo sapiens from mainland Asia through Southeast Asia to the Australian continent. Known as Perak Man, the skeleton is dated at around 10,000 years old. An early Hindu or Buddhist kingdom, followed by several other minor kingdoms, existed before

18644-522: The largest minority populations. The 3,000 Mah Meri people, part of the Orang Asli —the indigenous peoples of the Peninsula—can be found on Carey Island and maintain their culture and language while adapting to the modern way of life. With its advanced state of development, Selangor has more international ties through trade, business and education than other rural states. According to the 2020 census,

18802-610: The late sultan's widow and his 16 children were taken as captives to Sumatra. Sultan Mansur Shah I's eldest son, Raja Alauddin Mansur Syah , married an Acehnese princess and subsequently became the Sultan of Aceh. The Sultanate of Perak was left without a ruling monarch, and Perak nobles went to Aceh in the same year to ask the new Sultan Alauddin for a successor. The ruler sent his younger brother to become Perak's third monarch. Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Shah ruled Perak for seven years, maintaining

18960-571: The link between the Straits Settlements on the Malay coast and the British authority in India was broken, with separate administration and the transfer of the respective territories to the Colonial Office . The Anglo-Dutch Treaties of 1870–1871 enabled the Dutch to consolidate control over Aceh in Sumatra. This later escalated into the Aceh War . Internal conflicts ensued in Perak. In 1873,

19118-415: The mid-17th century. When Perak refused to enter into a contract with the VOC as its northern neighbours had done, a blockade of the Perak River halted the tin trade, causing suffering among Aceh's merchants. In 1650, Aceh's Sultana Taj ul-Alam ordered Perak to sign an agreement with the VOC, on the condition that the tin trade would be conducted exclusively with Aceh's merchants. By the following year,

19276-541: The name Perak derives from the Malay phrase " kilatan ikan dalam air" (the glimmer of fish in water), which looks like silver. Perak has been translated into Arabic as دار الرضوان ‎ ( Dār al-Riḍwān ), "abode of grace". [REDACTED] Sultanate of Perak 1528–1895 [REDACTED] Federated Malay States 1895–1942 [REDACTED] Empire of Japan 1942–1945 [REDACTED] Malayan Union 1946–1948 [REDACTED] Federation of Malaya 1948–1963 [REDACTED]   Malaysia 1963–present Among

19434-546: The northeast and southwest seasons. The northeast season occurs from November to March, the southwest from May to September, and the transitional months for the monsoon seasons are April and June. The northeast monsoon brings heavy rains, especially in the upper areas of Hulu Perak, causing floods. Little effect of the southwest monsoon is felt in the Kinta Valley, although coastal areas of southern Perak occasionally experience thunderstorms , heavy rain and strong, gusting winds in

19592-659: The occupation. Two Chinese guerrilla organisations operated within Perak in northern Malaya. One, the Overseas Chinese Anti-Japanese Army (OCAJA), was aligned with the Kuomintang . The other, the Malayan Peoples' Anti-Japanese Army (MPAJA), was closely associated with the Chinese Communist Party . Although both opposed the Japanese, there were clashes between the two groups. Sybil Kathigasu ,

19750-503: The other hand is famous for its satay, which is very popular amongst the locals as well as tourists. Pekan Batu 14 Hulu Langat Pekan Batu 14 Hulu Langat is an old town which 14 miles from Kuala Lumpur. Landmark - Masjid Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah - Dewan Dato Nazir Hulu Langat - Balai Polis Pekan Batu 14 Hulu Langat Pekan Batu 18 Hulu Langat Pekan Batu 18 Hulu Langat is an old town which 18 miles from Kuala Lumpur. It

19908-428: The other was a communist group living among local inhabitants. With the end of British rule in Malaya and the subsequent formation of the Federation of Malaysia, new factories were built and many new suburbs developed in Perak. But there was also rising radicalism among local Malay Muslims, with increasing Islamisation initiated by several religious organisations, and by Islamic preachers and intellectuals who caught

20066-550: The peninsula , including the North–South Expressway , serve Selangor as well. The high-speed roads and expressways are tolled; motorists using these roads pay the tolls using stored value cards such as Touch 'n Go and SmartTAG . Cash transactions at all tolls in Malaysia were phased out between 2015 and 2017. Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA), the country's main airport, is located in Sepang District in

20224-476: The place "satu (se) langau" meaning "a large blowfly". In the absence of a firm etymological explanation, alternative theories abound. One suggestion is that the name may have originated from a kind of tree found in Kuala Selangor and along Selangor River named mentangau . Another theory claims the state's name is derived from the term Salang Ur where ur means "town" or "village" in Tamil , meaning village of

20382-637: The plot, were banished to the British Seychelles in the Indian Ocean in 1876. During his exile, the sultan had use of a government-owned residence at Union Vale in Victoria , Mahé . The other exiled chiefs were given allowances, but remained under strict surveillance. The sultan and his chiefs were temporarily relocated to Félicité Island for five years, before being allowed to return to Victoria in 1882 when turmoil in Perak had subsided. The sultan led

20540-410: The population of Selangor is 61.1% Muslim , 21.6% Buddhist , 10.3% Hindu , 5.0% Christian/Catholic , 1% of unknown affiliations, 0.5% adherent of Taoism or Chinese religion , 0.4% follower of other religions and 0.4% non-religious. All Malays (52.24% of Selangor's population in 2020) are necessarily Muslims because the definition of a Malay in the Malaysian constitution requires Malays to profess

20698-413: The predawn and early morning. The jungles of Perak are highly biodiverse . The state's main natural park, Royal Belum State Park , covers an area of 117,500 hectares (290,349 acres) in northern Perak. It contains 18 species of frog and toad , 67 species of snake , more than 132 species of beetle , 28 species of cicada , 97 species of moth , and 41 species of dragonfly and damselfly . The park

20856-564: The prehistoric sites in Malaysia where artefacts from the Middle Palaeolithic era have been found are Bukit Bunuh , Bukit Gua Harimau, Bukit Jawa, Bukit Kepala Gajah, and Kota Tampan in the Lenggong Archaeological Heritage Valley . Of these, Bukit Bunuh and Kota Tampan are ancient lakeside sites, the geology of Bukit Bunuh showing evidence of meteoric impact . The 10,000-year-old skeleton known as Perak Man

21014-473: The presence of Chinese miners there. After the fall of Malacca to the Portuguese in 1511, the area came under the control of Johor Sultanate and was later governed by Sri Agar Diraja, son of the Bendahara family of Johor. In the 17th century, Johor was involved in a war against Jambi , and the Sultan of Johor engaged the help of Bugis mercenaries from Sulawesi to fight against Jambi. After Johor won,

21172-474: The price of the metal dropped, severely affecting the state's economy. The royal capital remains Kuala Kangsar , where the palace of the Sultan of Perak is located. As of 2018, the state's population was 2,500,000. Perak has diverse tropical rainforests and an equatorial climate . The state's main mountain ranges are composed of the Titiwangsa , Bintang and Keledang Ranges , where all of them are part of

21330-457: The religion of Islam. The state is a hereditary constitutional monarchy, of which the reigning Sultan since 2001 is Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah . Since 19 June 2018, the Menteri Besar (chief executive of the state government) is Amirudin Shari , of the People's Justice Party (PKR) a component party of Pakatan Harapan (before, Pakatan Rakyat ). Consisting of 19 chapters and 100 articles,

21488-523: The ruler of one of Perak's two local Malay factions, Raja Abdullah Muhammad Shah II , wrote to the Governor of the Straits Settlements, Andrew Clarke , requesting British assistance. This resulted in the Treaty of Pangkor , signed on Pangkor Island on 20 January 1874, under which the British recognised Abdullah as the legitimate Sultan of Perak. In return, the treaty provided for direct British intervention through

21646-1029: The south of the state; it consists of the Main Terminal Building, Satellite terminal A and klia2. Selangor also has the domestic Subang Airport , which is a major hub for corporate and private aviation in south-east Asia. Port Klang, the busiest seaport in Malaysia by sea, is located at the western tip of Selangor. Paid bus routes in Kuala Lumpur connect Klang Sentral in Klang, Kompleks Perhentian Kajang in Kajang , One Utama Bus Transportation Hub in Petaling Jaya , and Terminal Seksyen 13 in Shah Alam to other states in Malaysia. Public bus services that connects towns in Selangor are also available such as Rapid Bus . Rapid Bus, operated by Rapid KL , offered services in Klang Valley area, namely Subang Jaya , USJ , Puchong, Petaling Jaya , Shah Alam, and Klang south of

21804-409: The state government as forest reserve, scattered across 68 areas throughout the state. Perak's geology is characterised by eruptive masses, which form its hills and mountain ranges . The state is divided by three mountain chains into the three plains of Kinta, Larut and Perak, running parallel to the coast. The Titiwangsa Range passes along the eastern borders of Perak, with its highest point,

21962-505: The state's GDP. Several industrial sites produce electronic goods, chemicals and vehicles including Proton and Perodua cars. Imported vehicles from manufacturers including Toyota , Nissan , Volkswagen and BMW Motors are also assembled in the state. Many international manufacturing companies have set up bases here. Among the industrial cities in Selangor are Subang Jaya , Shah Alam , Klang , Kajang , Rawang , Selayang , Ampang Jaya and Petaling Jaya . Port Klang plays

22120-405: The state's large mineral deposits, reflecting Perak's position as one of the world's largest sources of tin. The first Islamic kingdom established in the state was of the lineage of the Sultanate of Malacca . Some local historians have suggested that Perak was named after Malacca's bendahara , Tun Perak . In maps prior to 1561, the area is marked as Perat . Other historians believe that

22278-590: The states of Kedah, Penang and Selangor are marked by rivers, including the Bernam and Kerian Rivers . Perak has 11 major river basins of more than 80 km (50 miles). Of these, the Perak River basin is the largest, with an area of 14,908 km (5,756 sq mi), about 70% of the total area of the state. It is the second largest river basin on the Malay Peninsula, after the Pahang River basin. The Perak River

22436-492: The tin ore trade in the 19th century saw an increasing influx of Chinese labour. Later, rivalry developed between two Chinese secret societies . This, coupled with internal political strife between two faction of Perak's local Malay rulers, escalated into the Larut Wars in 1841. After 21 years wars, neighbouring Kedah freed itself from full Siamese rule in 1843, although it remained a Siamese tributary state until 1909. By 1867,

22594-606: The tin trade in Perak, and many Chinese miners left. In a move which angered the Siamese court, neighbouring Kedah's Sultan Abdullah Mukarram Shah then entered into an agreement with the British East India Company (EIC), ceding Penang Island to the British in 1786 in exchange for protection. Siam regained strength under the Thonburi Kingdom , led by Taksin , after freeing itself from Burmese occupation. After repelling another large-scale Burmese invasion ,

22752-677: The unbroken lineage of the Malacca dynasty. Although Perak did fall under the authority of the Acehnese Sultanate, it remained entirely independent of Siamese control for over two hundred years from 1612, in contrast with its neighbour, Kedah, and many of the Malay sultanates in the northern part of the Malay Peninsula, which became tributary states of Siam. In 1620, the Acehnese sultanate invaded Perak and captured its sultan. When Sultan Sallehuddin Riayat Shah died without an heir in 1635,

22910-639: The venue for the Formula One Malaysian Grand Prix, the A1 Grand Prix and the Malaysian Motorcycle Grand Prix; the Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Mosque ; Wat Chetawan and Sunway Lagoon in Bandar Sunway , Malaysia's top theme park. Other attractions in Selangor include Batu Caves in Selayang , Shah Alam Gallery and Selangor State Library in Shah Alam , the Sultan Abdul Aziz Royal Gallery , Alam Shah Palace , GM Klang Wholesale City, and Crab Island ( Pulau Ketam ) off Port Klang. The most popular beaches in Selangor are located at Bagan Lalang, Sepang Gold Coast, Batu Laut Beach and Morib Beach. There are also

23068-449: The war were returned to the British. This was done under a proposal by the United States , offering Thailand admission to the United Nations (UN) and a substantial American aid package to support its economy after the war. The MPAJA, under the Communist Party of Malaya (CPM), had fought alongside the British against the Japanese, and most of its members received awards at the end of the war. However, party policy become radicalised under

23226-427: Was appointed as Perak's first British Resident . His inability to understand and communicate well with the locals, ignorance of Malay customs, and disparagement of the efforts of the sultan and his dignitaries to implement British tax control and collection systems caused resentment. Local nationalist Maharaja Lela and the new monarch, Sultan Abdullah Muhammad Shah II, opposed him, and the following year, in 1875, Birch

23384-412: Was asked again to cede land to the federal government. Putrajaya became a federal territory in 2001. Selangor, with an area of approximately 8,000 km², extends to the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia . The state is bordered north by Bernam River from Perak , south by Sepang River from Negeri Sembilan , east and southeast by the Titiwangsa Mountains from Pahang and Negeri Sembilan and

23542-402: Was assassinated through a conspiracy of local Malay dignitaries Seputum, Pandak Indut, Che Gondah, and Ngah Ahmad. The assassination angered the British authority, and following anti-British uprisings in several areas, a major military campaign was fought by the British in Perak in 1875-76. The perpetrators were arrested and executed and the sultan and his chiefs, also suspected of involvement in

23700-550: Was established and adopted Malacca's form of elective monarchy. With the opening up of Perak in the 16th century, the state became a source of tin ore. It appears that anyone was free to trade in the commodity, although the tin trade did not attract significant attention until the 1610s. Throughout the 1570s, the Sultanate of Aceh subjected most parts of the Malay Peninsula to continual harassment. The sudden disappearance of Perak's Sultan Mansur Shah I in 1577 gave rise to rumours of abduction by Acehnese forces. Soon afterwards,

23858-466: Was finalised; and Raja Hasan of Selangor was to be immediately exiled from Perak, paving the way for peace between the two Malay states and the resolution of the power struggle between the British and Siam. In 1826, the Kingdom of Ligor broke its promise and attempted to conquer Perak. A small British expeditionary force thwarted the attack. The Sultan of Perak then ceded to the British Dindings and Pangkor (the two now constitute Manjung District ) so that

24016-405: Was found inside the Bukit Gunung Runtuh cave at Bukit Kepala Gajah. Ancient tools discovered in the area of Kota Tampan, including anvils , cores , debitage , and hammerstones , provide information on the migrations of Homo sapiens . Other important Neolithic sites in the country include Bukit Gua Harimau, Gua Badak, Gua Pondok, and Padang Rengas , containing evidence of human presence in

24174-423: Was further gazetted as National Heritage Site by the federal government in 2012, and was inscribed on the World Heritage Site tentative list of UNESCO in 2017. Royal Belum State Park also hosts an estimated 304 bird species, including migratory species, in addition to birds endemic to the three forest reserve areas of Pangkor Island. Ten hornbill species are found within the area, including large flocks of

24332-412: Was held between Siam, represented by their tributary state the Kingdom of Ligor , and the EIC. The King of Ligor promised that Siam would not send its armada to Perak and Selangor, resolving the issue of its attacks. The British renounced any aspiration of conquering Perak or interfering in its administration, promising to prevent Raja Hasan of Selangor from making trouble in Perak, and to try to reconcile

24490-403: Was initiate to encourage the citizens to use public transport. On 7 November 2017, a phone application called Selangor Intelligent Transport System to check Smart Selangor buses routes and schedules was launched. The KTM Komuter railway network serves many outlying districts and nearby towns and cities, including Kajang, Port Klang, Shah Alam, Subang Jaya , Petaling Jaya , and Rawang . It

24648-399: Was one of the states in colonial Malaya where rubber plantations were first established in early the 20th century. and Malaya became the world's biggest producer of rubber by the 1930s. Later many rubber plantations were replaced by palm oil in the later part of the 20th century. Coconut and coffee were also planted. Other crops grown in the state are star fruits, papayas and bananas. Selangor

24806-401: Was put in place. Increasing numbers of labourers were brought from India, primarily to work as railway and municipal coolies . The British introduced several changes to the local political structure, exerting influence on the appointment of the sultan and restricting the power of his chiefs to Malay local matters. The sultan and his chiefs were no longer entitled to collect taxes, but received

24964-412: Was soon misused, causing conflict between the two sultanates. When the EIC established a British presence in Penang, the British already had a trading post in Singapore , avoiding involvement in the affairs of the nearby Malay sultanates. In 1822, the British authority in India sent British diplomat John Crawfurd to Siam to negotiate trade concessions and gather information with a view to restoring

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