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64-586: The Hollywood Library is a branch of the Multnomah County Library (MCL), in the Hollywood District of Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon . The building, at NE 41st Avenue and Tillamook Street, opened in 2002, and has three residential stories above the library. The previous building, constructed in 1959 at NE 39th Avenue and Hancock Street, was expected to be sold in 2003 to a private party, for its appraised price of $ 675,000. The branch offers

128-681: A Radical Republican , was appointed to the Committee on Finance and Public Lands and the Joint Committee on Reconstruction . In 1866 Williams authored the Tenure of Office Act , passed by Congress in 1867 over President Andrew Johnson 's veto, that limited the President in removing Cabinet officers. This act was vital to the Republican Party, having saved the offices of appointed Republicans throughout

192-466: A $ 100,000 donation from Andrew Carnegie in 1901, expressing "great pride" in Portland's ability to take care of itself; later, it did accept $ 105,000 in 1911 and $ 60,000 in 1912 to build branch locations. The library received nearly 9,000 books in 1900 from the estate of John Wilson ; many of these were rare books. However, the bequest called for the books to be available free of charge to the public, thus

256-596: A New York mercantile house Pratt & Boyd . Also under scrutiny was Williams’ wife's purchase using government money of an expensive carriage in Washington, which she had equipped with liveried coachman and footman. Williams had also commingled his personal accounts with those of the Justice Department, paying personal checks using government money, although he made repayment. One of Grant's reforming cabinet members Postmaster Marshall Jewell , informed Grant Congress

320-563: A coordinated count of a disputed election result in Marengo County . Williams had required that the current House resign and the House building be vacated before settling the disputed election returns. Williams also vacated the Alabama Senate while disputed senatorial elections were resolved. In addition to elections, Williams settled per diem compensation disputes for office holders. During

384-488: A new separate library, the Portland Public Library , was founded by a group that included some former LAP board members. The two libraries merged in 1902. The library moved to a new two-story stone library building in 1893. The building cost $ 156,477, representing 27 years of fundraising, mostly by Deady. A large portion of the funds came from Ella M. Smith, daughter of Benjamin F. Smith, in 1889. The library

448-541: A presiding judge while riding circuit, Williams presided over the Holmes v. Ford case that freed a slave family since slavery was illegal in the territory. In 1857, he was a member of the Oregon Constitutional Convention held before the establishment of Oregon as a U.S. state . Williams remained on the court until 1858 when he resigned from the bench. He then moved to Portland, Oregon , where he resumed

512-718: A privateer gun-running ship flying the American flag, the Virginius , secretly owned by Cuban insurgents during the Cuban Ten Years' War was captured by a Spanish warship. In November, a total of 53 crewmembers, including American and British seamen, were tried and executed by Spanish mercenary, Juan N. Burriel , in Santiago, Cuba. On December 17, the Virginius was turned over to the United States Navy according to an agreement between

576-643: A reunion with old friends. The Bernstein Band performed a series of popular musical opera arrangements. Prominent New York judges attended, including Justice Louis B. Woodruff and Justice Noah Davis . Almost 800 persons showed up in attendance including a future President, Collector of New York, Chester A. Arthur . President Grant forced Williams to resign in April 1875 upon a rumor in Washington, D.C., that Williams's wife had accepted $ 30,000 in payment in order for Williams to drop litigation against alleged fraudulent activities of

640-519: A settlement for the contentious Alabama political crisis. On December 12, 1872, President Grant and George Henry Williams peacefully settled the disputed Alabama state elections between the Democrats and Republicans by issuing five resolutions to Governor David P. Lewis . Gov. Lewis and the Republican legislature agreed to the five resolutions that included a Democratic and Republican representative to make

704-484: A souvenir for friends, professional and political speeches were excluded. Among the 21 addresses presented are tributes delivered on the deaths of Generals U.S. Grant and W.T. Sherman and several prominent judges, and speeches bearing upon the history and growth of Portland, the study and practice of medicine, the militia, and the United States Supreme Court. Williams' address on the value of good thoughts

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768-485: A total of about 700 computer search stations for the public and a combined total of 277,762 square feet (25,804.9 m ) of space at all 19 libraries. The library is also a depository for the Federal Depository Library Program . George Henry Williams George Henry Williams (March 26, 1823 – April 4, 1910) was an American judge and politician. He served as chief justice of

832-593: A total of twelve High Commissioners. Williams was chosen to be on the U.S. treaty commission due to his experience and career in the Pacific Northwest . Williams proved to be a valuable member of the U.S. Commission and served in this position with dignity. In addition to settling the Alabama claims against Britain for allowing Confederate ships to be armed in British ports, at stake was the U.S. Northwest border running through

896-576: The Central Library in downtown Portland and 18 branches. The Central Library in downtown Portland serves as the main branch of the system. The building was designed by architect A. E. Doyle , and opened on September 6, 1913. It was one of the first libraries in the United States to feature an open-plan. The three-story Central Library was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as

960-534: The Hayes ballot returns. After the 1876 U.S. presidential election, Williams returned to his Portland private law practice. Williams supported women's suffrage and the Oregon "popular government" movement. In 1895, Williams published a compilation of Occasional Addresses gathered "from newspapers and stray places" that he had delivered as early as 1869, with the majority dating from 1885 to 1893. Intended primarily as

1024-643: The Ku Klux Klan until December 1872 when he issued a clemency policy toward the South. The Justice Department had been inundated by multiple caseloads against the Klan and did not have the manpower to effectively prosecute all of them. Williams finished his prosecution of the remaining Klan cases in the Spring of 1873. Williams believed continued prosecutions of the Klan was unnecessary and was concerned over negative public reaction to

1088-610: The Oregon Supreme Court , was the 32nd Attorney General of the United States, and was elected Oregon's U.S. senator, and served one term. Williams, as U.S. senator, authored and supported legislation that allowed the U.S. military to be deployed in Reconstruction of the southern states to allow for an orderly process of re-admittance into the United States . Williams was the first presidential Cabinet member to be appointed from

1152-581: The Pacific Coast . As attorney general under President Ulysses S. Grant , Williams continued the prosecutions that shut down the Ku Klux Klan . He had to contend with controversial election disputes in Reconstructed southern states. President Grant and Williams legally recognized P. B. S. Pinchback as the first African American state governor. Williams ruled that the Virginius , a gun-running ship delivering men and munitions to Cuban revolutionaries, which

1216-684: The Rosario Strait . The U.S. desired that the boundary run through the Haro Strait , however, this became a highly contentious issue between the U.S., Britain, and Canada. The Washington, D.C., treaty Commissioners finally decided that the Emperor of Germany, Kaiser Wilhelm I , would settle the boundary matter. Williams was able to convince the Committee that the German Emperor needed to strictly interpret

1280-665: The Treaty of 1846 and that the boundary be determined by the most used channel, the Haro Strait. Through Williams's efforts, the German Emperor finally chose the Haro Strait as the Northwest boundary between the U.S. and Canada; the U.S. received the San Juan Islands . In December 1871, during later Reconstruction , President Grant appointed Williams as Attorney General of the United States; he served three years until 1875. His appointment

1344-522: The United States Supreme Court . Initially, Grant had Senator Roscoe Conkling 's support for the nomination. However, rumor spread through Washington that Williams had used Justice Department funds to pay for his wife's expensive carriage. Williams had drawn on Justice Department funds, replaced by himself, when banks suspended payment on checks during the Panic of 1873. Sen. Conkling believed under

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1408-493: The Virginius had been legally registered in New York . Williams’ ruling on the ownership of the Virginius ship was a mixture of "pretense, legality, and bluff". Through negotiations, 91 crewmembers were returned to New York and families of those Americans who were executed by Burriel were eventually awarded $ 80,000 reparations from Spain in 1875. In December 1873, President Grant nominated Williams to become Chief Justice of

1472-494: The 1950s as part of a long-range library plan, Multnomah County hired the Stewart and Richardson architectural firm to design a new building of 6,000 to 7,500 square feet (560 to 700 m) for Rose City Park Library. The building, at 3960 NE Hancock Street, was completed, and it opened in April 1959. Two months later, the library board changed the name of the branch from Rose City Park Library to Hollywood Library, which better reflected

1536-547: The Central Building, Public Library in 1979. It contains 17 miles (27 km) of bookshelf space and has more than 130 computers for the public. The branch contains 125,000 square feet (11,600 m ) of space. From 1994 to 1997, the interior of the Central Library was partially gutted and extensively renovated. Midland is the largest of the branch locations with a total of 25,000 square feet (2,300 m ) followed by

1600-609: The Democratic Party would carry a majority of former Confederate states in every presidential election until the party's support for black civil rights caused the defection of almost all the region's white voters in the 1968 election . When election disputes occurred during the Alabama state elections in 1872; both state Democrats and Republicans appealed to U.S. Attorney General Williams for settlement. Both President Grant and Williams thoroughly consulted each other in considering

1664-450: The Gresham location with 20,000 square feet (1,900 m ). The Albina, St. Johns and North Portland branches are Carnegie libraries . (There were also four Carnegie libraries no longer part of the system: Arleta , East Portland , the old Gresham Library , and South Portland). As of FY2010, the system has a total of 486 FTE employees, including 91 librarian FTE. Total annual revenue

1728-625: The Klan prosecutions. The suppression of the Klan led to African American turnout at the polls throughout the South, and Grant was re-elected in part due to blacks voting for Grant. During the presidential election of 1872, Attorney General Williams toured the Southern states advocating President Grant's Southern Reconstruction policy through public speeches. Prominent Southern cities that Williams visited and spoke at included Richmond , Virginia ; Savannah, Georgia ; and Charleston , South Carolina . Through Williams’ efforts, Southern states went over to

1792-482: The Library Association of Portland (LAP) built the Central Library in downtown Portland at Tenth Street. They did not use any Carnegie funds for the project, instead financing came from a special two-year tax. From 1901 to 1990, for 89 years the library was a two-rack system. While it was supported by public fund, its management was in the hands of LAP, a private non-profit organization, whose board membership

1856-611: The MCL catalog of two million books, periodicals and other materials. Known until 1959 as Rose City Park Library, the branch opened in 1917 at 1236 Sandy Road. Heavily used, the library soon ran short of space, and neighborhood residents sought funds for a larger building. By 1926, a new building designed by architect Jamieson Parker (who also designed the Belmont Library ) was completed. It opened in August that year at 1170 NE Hancock Street. In

1920-474: The Republican ticket, including Virginia, South Carolina, and Arkansas . This was the last time that Republicans had a majority victory in the South after the Democratic Party took control of all of the Southern Reconstructed states in 1877, known as the “ Solid South ”. No Republican presidential candidate would win any former Confederate state until Warren G. Harding carried Tennessee in 1920 , and

1984-507: The Senate a letter that withdrew Williams's name from nomination. On January 31, 1874, prominent members of the New York Bar and Bench attend a reception given by Col. Eliott F. Shepard in honor of U.S. Attorney General Williams. The extravagantly lighted party took place on No. 10 East 44 Street in New York from 8 pm to 10 pm. Williams had initially visited New York on vacation for

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2048-558: The Southern states, exposing fraud and corruption, and gave specific reform orders to that were vigorously enforced, cleaning up the Justice Department. In February 1876, Williams was part of a three-man defense team who defended Orville E. Babcock , President Grant's military secretary, at the Whiskey Ring trial held in St. Louis. Babcock had been charged with secretive collusion with the ring, and throwing off investigators. The investigation into

2112-462: The U.S. and Spain. On the same day, after an investigation by the U.S. Justice Department, Attorney General Williams ruled that the Virginius had been purchased by fraud and did not have the legal right to carry the American flag, however, he argued that the Spanish did not have the right to capture it on open waters and execute American crewmen, since the United States only had the right to investigate if

2176-661: The United States. In 1867, he authored and supported the Military Reconstruction Act , passed by Congress over President Johnson's veto, that authorized U.S. military control of the South. This act permanently restored and Reconstructed the formerly Confederate states in rebellion back into the United States in an orderly and peaceful manner using the strength of the U.S. military. In 1868, Williams and his senatorial colleague Henry W. Corbett voted guilty in President Andrew Johnson's impeachment trial; Johnson

2240-441: The Whiskey Ring was started by Grant's Secretary of Treasury Benjamin H. Bristow to clean up Republican corruption. Babcock was acquitted. After resigning Williams declined an offer from Grant to become the U.S. minister to Spain. George Williams campaigned for the election of Rutherford B. Hayes as president in 1876. During the controversial presidential election of 1876, Williams, now a private citizen, went to Florida to manage

2304-411: The board voted to provide library services to the public under government contract. In 1901, the state passed a law to allow governments to tax citizens to pay for libraries; the legislation had been advanced primarily by the newly organized State Federation of Women's Clubs. The city of Portland and the library entered into a contract where the privately owned library continued to own its collection, but

2368-691: The ceremony by pressing a button in Washington, D.C. Williams died April 4, 1910, in Portland and is buried at River View Cemetery in that city. Williams was the first presidential cabinet member appointed from Oregon. Although Williams had some successes as U.S. Attorney general, he was not a reformer and was involved in corruption during his tenure in federal office. Historian Jean Edward Smith, critical of Williams, said whenever "tested as attorney general he failed dismally." Williams married Kate Van Antwerp in Iowa in 1850, and they had one daughter. He married

2432-517: The circumstances the nomination should be revoked. In December 1873, after previously reporting the nomination to the Senate with a favorable recommendation, the Senate Judiciary Committee held two days of closed-door hearings concerning the controversy. This was the first recorded instance in which formal hearings are known to have been held on a Supreme Court nominee by a Senate committee. On January 9, 1874, an angered President Grant sent

2496-404: The city paid for services, thus creating a free publicly supported library. In January 1901, the library allowed books to circulate for the first time. The governance and operation of library has a circuitous history. On March 16, 1902, Portland's library became the first free library in the state paid for by taxes. At that time it featured more than 38,000 volumes and 215 periodicals. In 1913,

2560-444: The controversial presidential election of 1876. Williams returned to Oregon, resumed private law practice, and was elected Portland 's mayor, serving two terms from 1902 to 1905. Williams, at the age of 83, was indicted for not enforcing restrictions on gambling; he was acquitted and served out the rest of his term as mayor. George Henry Williams was born in upstate New York, New Lebanon , Columbia County , on March 26, 1823. When he

2624-512: The election of 1872, Louisiana was in political turmoil, having two rival factions contending for control of the state legislature. Democrat John D. McEnery and Republican William P. Kellogg both claimed to have won the governorship; both parties mired in charges of voting fraud. Federal troops led by William H. Emory , in charge of the Department of the Gulf, kept the peace during and immediately after

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2688-551: The election. On December 3, Attorney General Williams, at the request of Kellogg, ruled that President Grant would enforce any decision by the United States District Courts. After multiple state Returning Boards failed to resolve the election, U.S. District Court Judge Edmund H. Darrell ordered that Kellogg was the winner of the Louisiana election. In the meantime, on December 9, U.S. Marshal Stephen B. Packard , who

2752-435: The encroachment of political influence, and on the principle that citizens would place more value on something they themselves paid for, even if the payment were small. In 1897, board president George Henry Williams proposed that the librarian be empowered to remove materials deemed to demoralize people and disorganize society," an approach in keeping with common library practice at the time. The library declined an offer of

2816-600: The first librarian, part-time, at its first location on Stark Street in Portland. In 1869, the library moved to the Ladd & Tilton Bank Building where it received free rent. Deady was the president from 1874 until 1893, and found that fundraising was "like pulling teeth", calling the local establishment "closefisted narrow visioned millionaires" in 1888, also stating "The rich men of Portland will never do much for [the library] until they die, and maybe not then." The first major bequest came from Stephen Skidmore in 1883. In 1891,

2880-521: The library. The library itself has 13,000 square feet (1,200 m) of floor space, and the ground floor also has 815 square feet (75.7 m) of retail space. The new library opened on May 7, 2002. Multnomah County Library After Leland H. Wakefield began collecting funds door-to-door in 1863, the Mercantile Library Association was started on January 12, 1864, with subscriptions by Portland's merchant elite. Judge Matthew Deady

2944-553: The name of the neighborhood it served. By 1996, circulation at this library had more than doubled to an average of 47,000 items per month. Voters in that year approved a bond measure to improve libraries, especially the Hollywood branch and three others. The library hired architect Thomas Hacker and Associates and Sockeye Hollywood, a development firm, to construct a mixed-use building at NE 41st Avenue and Tillamook Street. The building, completed in 2002, has 47 mixed-income apartments above

3008-654: The practice of law. Williams, a Democrat, supported Stephen Douglas during the presidential election of 1860 . Williams attended the Oregon Union convention of 1862, having opposed slavery, and was the chairman of the Election Committee. In 1864 Williams, having changed over to the Republican Party , was elected to the United States Senate ; he served one term, from 1865 to 1871. In 1865, Sen. Williams,

3072-454: The rightful, elected governor of Louisiana. This action upset the McEnery faction, who believed that President Grant and Attorney General Williams had taken sides in a state election. On December 16, Attorney General Williams reaffirmed Kellogg's election, Pinchback as the lawful governor of Louisiana, and recognized other elected Republican candidates and presidential electors. In October 1873,

3136-449: The special congressional election that resulted in a victory for Democrat James Nesmith . In 1875, Williams resigned as U.S. Attorney General after his wife was accused of taking bribes from the custom house firm Pratt & Boyd , which attempted to persuade the U.S. Justice Department to drop litigation against the company. After his resignation, Williams took part in the effort to count Florida ballots for Rutherford B. Hayes during

3200-479: Was acquitted by one vote. Williams was defeated in the election of 1870. In 1871, President Grant appointed Williams one of six U.S. Joint High Commissioners to negotiate a settlement treaty between Britain and the U.S. in Washington, D.C., over the Alabama Claims and America's Northwest boundary between the U.S. and Canada. Six representatives had been chosen to represent British and Canadian interests making

3264-484: Was affiliated with the New Orleans Custom House Gang led by President Grant's brother-in-law (James F. Casey), chose a legislature that impeached sitting Governor Henry Clay Warmoth and put in charge P. B. S. Pinchback , a Kellogg supporter, as the United States' first African American state governor. On December 14, Attorney General Williams informed Warmoth that President Grant recognized Kellogg as

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3328-552: Was appointed Chief Justice of Oregon Territory by President Franklin Pierce . At the 1857 Oregon Constitutional Convention , Williams urged that slavery be made illegal in Oregon as a requirement for statehood. Williams advocated unsuccessfully that a woman's property not be subject to her husband's debts. In the early years of the Oregon Supreme Court, the three justices also rode circuit and acted as trial level judges. As

3392-514: Was captured by Spain during the Virginius Affair , did not have the right to bear the U.S. flag . However, he also argued that Spain did not have the right to execute American crew members. Nominated for Supreme Court Chief Justice by President Grant, Williams failed to be confirmed by the U.S. Senate primarily due to Williams's opposition to U.S. Attorney A. C. Gibbs , his former law partner, who refused to stop investigating Republican fraud in

3456-477: Was elected Portland 's mayor serving from 1902 to 1905. On January 4, 1905, Mayor Williams, at the age of 83 years, was indicted by a grand jury in Multnomah County for allegedly refusing to enforce laws that regulated gambling . Williams was charged for not closing down gambling facilities on July 13, 1904, that operated within four miles of Portland . Portland's Chief of Police Charles H. Hunt's indictment

3520-424: Was hereditary, passing from fathers and mothers to sons and daughters. from one generation to the next. By 1978, ex-officio members joining the 35 member LAP board found out that board meetings were often proforma, while "real decisions" were made by a group meeting in a private club. At the same time, the library systems did not seem to work so well, with branches being closed and open hours cut back. The situation

3584-678: Was intended as advice to the 1891 graduating class of the high school at Portland. On October 11, 1901, the Episcopal Church of America met in San Francisco to decide whether Episcopal clergymen could remarry divorced persons and discipline any Episcopal members who remarried. Former Attorney General Williams attended the meeting and opposed all restrictions by the Episcopal church on married and divorced persons and stated that such matters belonged in civil law as opposed to church law. Williams

3648-483: Was just over $ 62.8 million, with expenditures of $ 60.5 million. There are more than 425,000 library card holders in the system that serves a population of over 700,000 people, the largest in the state. Multnomah County Library has a total of 1,994,541 books, DVDs, CDs, periodicals, and other library materials. There was a total of 5,799,497 visits in FY2010 with the total circulation of 22,715,292. The library system contains

3712-407: Was legally quite complicated, since LAP owned all the buildings, books, furniture, and equipment. On top of that it had a collection of rare books and valuable art pieces, and an endowment fund. The legal tangle took almost a decade to resolve. On July 1, 1990, the LAP officially transferred ownership of the library buildings and collections to Multnomah County. The Multnomah County Library operates

3776-426: Was made to satisfy demands by Pacific Coast politicians that the region be represented in the cabinet. Williams was also the legal counsel for the Alaska Improvement Company in which Grant was a shareholder. President Grant's southern Reconstruction policy worked primarily through Williams's Justice Department supported by Grant's Secretary of War, William W. Belknap . Attorney General Williams continued to prosecute

3840-512: Was one of the early founders, with financial support coming from those such as Henry Corbett , William S. Ladd , and Erasmus D. Shattuck among others. In an attempt to be more inclusive, the name Library Association of Portland was chosen, likely on Judge Deady's suggestion. William Ladd was the elected its first president. The founders proclaimed "the library should forever be kept free of politics." By March 1864, there were 153 members, who had subscribed $ 2,500. Harvey W. Scott served as

3904-422: Was planning a formal investigation into William's Justice Department. Senator Roscoe Conkling , Grant's ally in the U.S. Senate, had asked Grant that Att. Gen. Williams step down from office. William's resigned office, and Grant appointed reformer and famous New York lawyer Edwards Pierrepont for his replacement. Pierrepont made extensive investigations into the conduct of the U.S. Attorneys and U.S. Marshals in

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3968-405: Was similar to Mayor Williams's indictment. Williams, however, was acquitted and served out the rest of his term in office. On May 28, 1905, Mayor Williams gave a speech in honor of the opening of the Lewis and Clark Centennial Exposition . Vice President Charles W. Fairbanks was the keynote speaker who attended the opening ceremony. President Theodore Roosevelt officially mechanically opened

4032-471: Was staffed by D. F. W. Bursch, the library's first trained librarian, who oversaw the implementation of the Dewey Decimal system . It contained 20,000 volumes. Prior to opening the library for free public access, the board tried to lower subscription costs as often as possible to allow a larger percentage of the general public to have access to the resource. The board debated whether to accept government support, with Deady arguing against, out of concern for

4096-424: Was very young his family moved to Onondaga County , where was educated in public and private schools, including Pompey Academy . Williams studied law under Daniel Gott , and was admitted to the bar in 1844. Williams then moved to Iowa Territory , where he practiced law in Fort Madison . After Iowa was admitted to statehood, Williams was elected district judge in 1847, serving until 1852. In 1853, Williams

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