57-571: Glen Doll , also sometimes spelt Glendoll , lies within the Cairngorms National Park , Scotland , at the top of Glen Clova, in an area of steep hills, corries and Munros . It includes the Corrie Fee National Nature Reserve , which has many endangered plants. The nearest town is Kirriemuir . The glen is in the south eastern Grampians , and the river which runs through it drains into Glen Clova, which extends towards
114-637: A Ranger Service for the Angus Glens, with two full-time rangers, which has its base in Glen Doll. The Forestry Commission has an alpine forest in the Glen. 56°52′00″N 03°13′00″W / 56.86667°N 3.21667°W / 56.86667; -3.21667 This Angus location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Cairngorms National Park Cairngorms National Park ( Scottish Gaelic : Pàirc Nàiseanta a' Mhonaidh Ruaidh )
171-505: A consultation exercise, considering the boundary and the powers and structure of the new park authority. Following the establishment of the park many groups and local communities felt that a large area of highland Perth and Kinross should form part of the park and carried out a sustained campaign. On 13 March 2008 Michael Russell announced that the national park would be extended to take in Blair Atholl and Spittal of Glenshee , and
228-604: A number of times since. The council area covers a land area of 25,653 square kilometres (9,905 sq mi) – which is 11.4% of the land area of Great Britain, 32.9% of the land area of Scotland and an area 20% larger than Wales. The Highland and Islands division of Police Scotland also includes the Western Isles, Orkney and Shetland (the former area of the Northern Constabulary ) and therefore covers an area of 30,659 square kilometres (11,838 sq mi), which
285-512: A period of about 20 million years. The subsequent collision of Baltica with Laurentia caused the 'Scandian event' which involved further folding and faulting of the Dalradian rock sequence. The Great Glen , Ericht-Laidon and Glen Tilt faults were all active as strike-slip faults at this time and may have played a part in allowing large plutons of granite to rise up amongst the Dalradian rocks and then cool in situ. The largest of these plutons
342-586: A regular basis. Tomintoul, Balmenach and Speyside can be visited but require an appointment made in advance. The National Park is administered by a national park authority , which is an executive non-departmental public body of the Scottish Government . Under the National Parks (Scotland) Act 2000 , national parks in Scotland have four aims: The first two of this aims are identical to those included in
399-442: A small outlier of Old Red Sandstone , there are no younger solid rocks within the national park. The ice ages of the last 2.5 million years have however left their mark both in terms of erosional and depositional features. Post-glacial features include peat and landslips . The Cairngorm mountains provide a unique alpine semi-tundra moorland habitat, home to many rare plants, birds and animals. Speciality bird species on
456-581: Is a council area in the Scottish Highlands and is the largest local government area in the United Kingdom. It was the 7th most populous council area in Scotland at the 2011 census . It has land borders with the council areas of Aberdeenshire , Argyll and Bute , Moray and Perth and Kinross . The wider upland area of the Scottish Highlands after which the council area is named extends beyond
513-565: Is a national park in northeast Scotland , established in 2003. It was the second of two national parks established by the Scottish Parliament , after Loch Lomond and The Trossachs National Park , which was set up in 2002. The park covers the Cairngorms range of mountains , and surrounding hills. Already the largest national park in the United Kingdom, in 2010 it was expanded into Perth and Kinross . Roughly 18,000 people live within
570-469: Is classified as a Category V protected area by the International Union for Conservation of Nature , meaning that it is an area in which people have interacted with the landscape for many years, and which is managed to sustain the habitats and landscape that have resulted from this interaction. The IUCN defines "National Parks" as areas conforming with Category II of its classification system (q.v.
627-550: Is headquartered in Grantown on Spey. The National Park Authority is run by a board, consisting of 19 members. Five members are elected by the community and seven are appointed by the Scottish Government. The remaining seven members are nominated by the local authorities, with Highland and Aberdeenshire councils each appointing two members and the remaining three councils appointing one member each. Some scenes for Monarch of
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#1732858971539684-404: Is larger than that of the state of Belgium . Though relatively populous for a Scottish council area, it is also sparsely populated. At 9 per km in 2022, the population density is less than one seventh of Scotland's as a whole, and comparable with that of Bolivia , Chad and Russia. Historically, the area was home to a much higher percentage of Scotland's population. The rural population of
741-755: Is mountainous. The areas east of Inverness, as well as the Black Isle , eastern Sutherland, and all of Caithness are, in fact, low-lying. According to the 2011 UK census, there are nearly 12,000 Scottish Gaelic speakers in the Highland area. The local authority is the Highland Council , based at the Highland Council Headquarters in Inverness (formerly the main offices of Inverness-shire County Council). The council also has numerous local offices across
798-486: Is the granite mass which forms the Cairngorms themselves and which was emplaced around 427 million years ago. It is thought that the pluton had been unroofed within 20 million years of its emplacement and that the present landscape of the Cairngorms had begun to form by 390 million years ago. Evidence suggests that the granite currently at the surface was initially to be found at a depth of between 4 and 7 km. Other than
855-696: The A93 , which links the Deeside area of the park to both Perth and Aberdeen . The majority of the rocks within the Cairngorms National Park belong to the Dalradian Supergroup , a thick sequence of sands, muds and limestones that were deposited between about 800 and 600 million years ago on the margins of the former continent of Laurentia . Rocks now ascribed to the Moine Supergroup occur along
912-792: The Angus Glens and the Monadhliath , and lower areas like Strathspey and upper Deeside . Three major rivers rise in the park: the Spey , the Dee , and the Don . The Spey, which is the second longest river in Scotland, rises in the Monadhliath, whilst the Dee and the Don both rise in the Cairngorms themselves. The Cairngorms themselves are a spectacular landscape, similar in appearance to
969-470: The Cairn Gorm Ski Centre, a scheme supported by the national park authority. Supporters of the scheme claimed that it would bring in valuable tourist income , whilst opponents argued that such a development was unsuitable for a protected area . To reduce erosion, the railway operates a "closed scheme" and only allows skiers (in season) out of the upper Ptarmigan station: other visitors may not access
1026-473: The Hardangervidda National Park of Norway in having a large area of upland plateau. The range consists of three main plateaux at about 1000–1200 m above sea level, above which domed summits (the eroded stumps of once much higher mountains) rise to around 1300 m. Many of the summits have tors , free-standing rock outcrops that stand on top of the boulder-strewn landscape. The edges of
1083-761: The Hardangervidda National Park ), however Scotland in general lacks such areas, as thousands of years of human activity, including agriculture , historical deforestation , overgrazing by sheep and deer , and extensive 20th century afforestation with introduced tree species (particularly conifers ), have resulted in landscapes which are best described as semi-natural. Within the national park there are many areas that have additional protection via other conservation designations: there are 19 Special Areas of Conservation , Special Protection Areas and 46 Sites of Special Scientific Interest . Nine of Scotland's national nature reserves are located within
1140-525: The House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom the Highland area is represented by Members of Parliament (MPs) elected from four constituencies : Caithness, Sutherland and Easter Ross ; Inverness, Skye and West Ross-shire ; Moray West, Nairn and Strathspey ; and Argyll, Bute and South Lochaber . The latter two straddle the borders with neighbouring council areas. Each constituency elects one MP by
1197-668: The Inner Hebrides , notably the Isle of Skye . The Highland area covers the historic counties of Caithness , Inverness-shire , Nairnshire , Ross and Cromarty and Sutherland , with the exception of the parts of Inverness-shire and Ross and Cromarty in the Outer Hebrides . The area also includes an area around Ardnamurchan from the historic county of Argyll and the Grantown-on-Spey area from Moray , which were both transferred to
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#17328589715391254-542: The Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 , which reformed local government across Scotland, replacing the counties, burghs and landward districts with a two-tier structure of upper-tier regions and lower-tier districts. Highland was one of the regions , and it was divided into eight districts: Badenoch and Strathspey , Caithness , Inverness , Lochaber , Nairn , Ross and Cromarty , Skye and Lochalsh and Sutherland . Further local government reforms in 1996 under
1311-399: The Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994 saw the regions and districts created in 1975 abolished and replaced with single-tier council areas . The former Highland region became one of the new council areas, run by the Highland Council . The Highland Council has run various area committees since its creation. These were initially based on the abolished districts, but have been reviewed
1368-732: The National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 legislation that governs national parks in England and Wales, however the Scottish national parks have two additional aims (3 and 4 above). The general purpose of the National Park Authority, as defined in the National Parks (Scotland) Act 2000, is to ensure that these aims are "collectively achieved ...in a coordinated way". Although the four aims have equal status, in accordance with
1425-818: The River Dee is defined as a Special Area of Conservation (SAC) due to its importance for salmon , otters and freshwater pearl mussels , and the Don supports fish such as salmon, sea trout, brown trout, eels and lamprey. In upper Strathspey, the Insh Marshes form one of the largest areas of floodplain mire and fen vegetation in Scotland, and are important for many species of birds that breed there each summer. Breeding species include osprey , ducks such as wigeon , shoveler and goldeneye , and waders including redshank , snipe , curlew and lapwing . The marshes also receive winter visitors including greylag geese from Iceland and up to 200 whooper swans . The national park
1482-640: The Sandford Principle , the first aim (conservation and enhancement of the natural and cultural heritage) is to be given greater weight when it appears to the park authority that there is irreconcilable conflict with the other aims. The National Park Authority works with partners, defined as "business, land owners, communities and charities". The Cairngorms National Park Partnership Plan 2017 - 2022 includes three long-term goals: conservation, visitor experience and rural development. The Cairngorms National Park Authority shares statutory planning functions with
1539-638: The 4,528-square-kilometre (1,748 sq mi) national park. The largest communities are Aviemore , Ballater , Braemar , Grantown-on-Spey , Kingussie , Newtonmore and Tomintoul . Like all other national parks in the UK , the park is IUCN designated Category V however it contains within its boundaries several national nature reserves that have IUCN Category II (national park) statuses, such as Abernethy Forest and Mar Lodge Estate . In 2018, 1.9 million tourism visits were recorded. The majority of visitors are domestic, with 25 per cent coming from elsewhere in
1596-512: The Cairngorms. Despite this long history of recommendations that national parks be established in Scotland, no action was taken until the establishment of the Scottish Parliament in 1999. The two current parks were designated as such under the National Parks (Scotland) Act 2000 , which was one of the first pieces of legislation to be passed by the Parliament. Before the national park was established in 2003, Scottish Natural Heritage conducted
1653-468: The Glen (that aired from 2000 to 2005) were filmed in the park and nearby on Loch Laggan and Ardverikie House . In 2012, some scenes for the Batman movie The Dark Knight Rises were filmed at Cairngorm Gliding Club's site at Feshiebridge. Parachutists jumped from a jet and landed at the club's airstrip. During summer 2019, filming of No Time to Die was taking place in the town of Aviemore and in
1710-422: The Highland council area does not cover the whole of the uplands and cultural region known as the Scottish Highlands . There is no official definition for the wider area, but it is often described to also include parts of the council areas of Aberdeenshire , Angus , Argyll and Bute , Moray , North Ayrshire , Perth and Kinross , Stirling or West Dunbartonshire . The Highland Region was created in 1975 under
1767-413: The Highland council area into all the neighbouring council areas plus Angus and Stirling . The Highland Region was created covering the area in 1975 as part of a two-tier local government structure of upper-tier regions and lower-tier districts. The Highland Region had eight districts. Local government was reorganised again in 1996 into single-tier council areas, with the former region becoming one of
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1824-581: The Highland council area is Ben Nevis , the tallest mountain in both Scotland and the United Kingdom as a whole. Its northernmost point is the Island of Stroma , in the Pentland Firth . Its southernmost point is on the Morvern peninsula. Highland contains the northernmost and westernmost points of the island of Great Britain, respectively at Dunnet Head and Corrachadh Mòr . Despite the name, not all of Highland
1881-560: The Highland region as part of the 1975 reforms. Unlike the other council areas of Scotland, the name Highland is often not used as a proper noun . The council's website only sometimes refers to the area as being Highland , and other times as being the Highland Council Area or the Highlands . Road signs on the boundary of the council area say "Welcome to the Highlands" rather than "Welcome to Highland". Although named after it,
1938-428: The Highlands (both within and outwith the council area) declined in the late 19th century even as Scotland's grew substantially. For example, the population of Skye declined from 23,082 in 1841 to 15,705 in 1891 and a low point of 7,183 in 1971, before growing in more recent decades. The city of Inverness is by far the largest settlement, with its urban area having a population of 59,910 in 2012. The highest point in
1995-448: The UK, and 21 per cent being from other countries. Tourism makes up about 80% of the economy of the national park. The Cairngorms National Park covers an area of 4,528 km (1,748 sq mi) in the council areas of Aberdeenshire , Moray , Highland , Angus and Perth and Kinross . The mountain range of the Cairngorms lies at the heart of the national park, but forms only one part of it, alongside other hill ranges such as
2052-565: The area. For elections to the Scottish Parliament the Highland area is within the Highlands and Islands electoral area , which elects eight first past the post constituency Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs) and seven additional member MSPs. Three of the region's constituencies, each electing one MSP, are within the Highland area: Caithness, Sutherland and Ross , Inverness and Nairn and Skye, Lochaber and Badenoch . In
2109-617: The areas were not given full national park status. In 1981 the direction areas were replaced by national scenic areas , of which there are now 40. In 1990 the Countryside Commission for Scotland (CCS) produced a report into protection of the landscape of Scotland, which recommended that four areas were under such pressure that they ought to be designated as national parks, each with an independent planning board, in order to retain their heritage value. The four areas identified were similar to those proposed in 1945, and thus again included
2166-513: The base station with a restaurant on Cairn Gorm mountain. Aviemore is a busy and popular holiday destination, located close to Glenmore Forest Park and the Cairn Gorm Ski Centre. The Strathspey Railway is preserved railway running steam and heritage diesel services between Aviemore railway station and Broomhill via Boat of Garten , along part of the former Highland Railway . The Highland Wildlife Park also lies within
2223-463: The coast of Angus. An ancient track, Jock's Road , that starts in the glen, ends at Braemar . The origin of the name is that Duncan Macpherson, a rich Scot, returned from Australia in the late 19th century, bought the Glen Doll estate, and sought to ban people from crossing his land. John (or Jock) Winter fought him, and the Scottish Rights of Way and Access Society took a challenge through all
2280-561: The courts to the House of Lords , finally winning the day in 1888. Deer stalking takes place in the glen in late summer and autumn. A popular walk heads south west through the Glendoll Forest before climbing steeply up the Kilbo Path that links Glen Doll with Glen Prosen . At the top this reaches a high pass giving easy access to two Munros, these are Driesh to the east and Mayar to the west. In April 1998, Angus Council instituted
2337-630: The creation of a national park in the Cairngorms, alongside proposals for parks in England and Wales. Following the Second World War ten national parks were established in England and Wales, and a committee was established to consider the issue of national parks in Scotland. The report, published in 1945, proposed national parks in five areas, one of which was the Cairngorms. The government designated these five areas as "National Park Direction Areas", giving powers for planning decisions taken by local authorities to be reviewed by central government, however
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2394-534: The five local authorities covering the area, and has the power to "call in" planning decisions made by them. The Authority also takes responsibility for managing access to the countryside that elsewhere falls to local authorities. Aside from the planning and access functions, the National Park Authority has considerable flexibility as to how the four aims are achieved. It can, for example, acquire land, make byelaws and management agreements, provide grants, offer advice, and undertake or commission research. The authority
2451-596: The mountain from the railway unless on a guided walk. The Cairngorm Mountain Railway funicular was closed in October 2018 "due to health and safety concerns", or "structural problems" according to reports in summer 2019. At the time, an investigation was still underway to determine whether modifications would be "achievable and affordable". (The same situation was reported in December 2019.) This railway first opened in 2001 and connects
2508-526: The national park feature a type of ancient woodland known as the Caledonian forest . The expanse of pinewood that stretches from Glen Feshie to Abernethy forms the largest single area of this habitat remaining in Scotland, and the park as a whole holds more than half the surviving Caledonian forest. In these forests can be found bird species such capercaillie , black grouse , Scottish crossbill , parrot crossbill and crested tit . The entire length of
2565-713: The national park, and the Frank Bruce Sculpture Trail is located near Feshiebridge. This short trail through the woods features a sculptures created by Frank Bruce between 1965 and 2009. In addition to the Cairngorm Brewery , six distilleries are located within the Park area: Dalwhinnie distillery , The Glenlivet distillery , Tomintoul distillery , Royal Lochnagar distillery , Balmenach distillery and The Speyside distillery . Royal Lochnagar, Dalwhinnie, Cairngorm Brewery and Glenlivet are set up to receive visitors on
2622-523: The national park. Ballater , Braemar , Corgarff , Crathie , Dinnet , Strathdon , Lumsden Clova Aviemore , Boat of Garten , Carrbridge , Dalwhinnie , Dulnain Bridge (Moray and Highland are separated by the bridge), Drumochter , Grantown-on-Spey , Kingussie , Laggan , Nethy Bridge , Newtonmore Highland (council area) Highland ( Scottish Gaelic : Gàidhealtachd , pronounced [ˈkɛːəl̪ˠt̪əxk] ; Scots : Hieland )
2679-524: The new council areas. The Highland Council is based in Inverness , the area's largest settlement. The area is generally sparsely populated, with much of the inland area being mountainous with numerous lochs . The area includes Ben Nevis , the highest mountain in the British Isles . Most of the area's towns lie close to the eastern coasts. Off the west coast of the mainland the council area includes some of
2736-485: The northwestern edge of the Park. These Dalradian and Moine successions were intensely faulted , folded and metamorphosed during the Caledonian Orogeny between about 490 and 430 million years ago. Geologists recognize a 'Grampian event', centred around 470 million years ago, which was responsible for the initial deformation of the Dalradian and relates to the collision of a volcanic island arc with Laurentia over
2793-581: The park was duly extended on 4 October 2010. In 2015, 53 km (33 mi) of the 132 kV power line in the middle of the park was taken down, while another section along the edge of the park was upgraded to 400 kV. Tourism accounts for much of the economy and 43% of employment within the park area. In 2018, 1.9 million tourism visits were recorded. The park's mandate is sustainable tourism "that builds on, conserves and enhances [its] special qualities". The Cairngorms Business Partnership includes 350 private sector member businesses. In early 2017,
2850-452: The park was voted by Hundredrooms as one of the top seven eco-tourism destinations in Europe and discussed as a "mecca for outdoor enthusiasts". The Visit Scotland web site discusses the amenities and indicates that this park "has more mountains, forest paths, rivers, lochs, wildlife hotspots, friendly villages and distilleries than you can possibly imagine". The village of Carrbridge is within
2907-668: The park, with both the A9 road and the Highland Main Line crossing over the Pass of Drumochter and running along Strathspey, providing links between the western and northern parts of the park and the cities of Perth and Inverness . The Highland Main Line is the only mainline rail route through the park, however there are several other major roads, including the A86 , which links Strathspey to Fort William , and
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#17328589715392964-647: The park. Two of Scotland's Great Trails pass through the park: the Speyside Way and the Cateran Trail . A skiing and winter sports industry is concentrated in the Cairngoms, with three of Scotland's five resorts situated here. They are the Cairn Gorm Ski Centre , Glenshee Ski Centre and The Lecht Ski Centre . There was controversy surrounding the construction of the Cairngorm Mountain Railway at
3021-604: The park. In 1717 the Carrbridge Packhorse Bridge was built to cross the River Dulnain so funeral processions could cross to the Duthil Church . It is a stone bridge and it has become a popular tourist attraction. The park is popular for activities such as walking , cycling , mountain biking , climbing and canoeing : for hillwalkers there are 55 Munros (mountains above 3,000 feet (910 m) in height) in
3078-442: The park: Abernethy , Corrie Fee , Craigellachie , Glen Tanar , Insh Marshes , Muir of Dinnet , Invereshie and Inshriach , Glenmore , and Mar Lodge Estate . The idea that parts of Scotland of wild or remote character should be designated to protect the environment and encourage public access grew in popularity throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In 1931 a commission headed by Christopher Addison proposed
3135-429: The plateaux are in places steep cliffs of granite and they are excellent for skiing , rock climbing and ice climbing . The Cairngorms form an arctic-alpine mountain environment, with tundra -like characteristics and long-lasting snow patches. The Monadhliath mountains lie to the north of Strathspey, and comprise a bleak, wide plateau rising to between 700 and 950 m. Two major transport routes run through
3192-476: The plateaux include breeding ptarmigan , dotterel , snow bunting , golden eagle , ring ouzel , and red grouse . Mammal species include red deer and mountain hare , as well as the only herd of semi-domesticated reindeer in the British Isles . They now roam the high Cairngorms, after being brought in 1952 by a Swedish herdsman. The herd is now stable at around 150 individuals, some born in Scotland and some introduced from Sweden. The straths and glens of
3249-649: The surrounding park area. Some scenes were also being shot at the Ardverikie House Estate just outside the park. Other films and television programmes that have done some shooting in the Park area included Mary Queen of Scots (2018), Outlaw King (Netflix, 2018), Outlander (TV series), Victoria (TV series, Episode 7), Mrs Brown (1997), Centurion , Salmon Fishing in the Yemen , The Queen (2006), The Crown (Netflix series) and Victoria & Abdul (2017). Around 18,000 people live within
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