Misplaced Pages

#623376

30-802: Gemünden may refer to several places in Germany: Gemünden am Main , a town in Bavaria Gemünden (Wohra) , a town in Hesse Gemünden (Felda) , a municipality in Hesse Gemünden, Rhein-Hunsrück , a municipality in Rhineland-Palatinate Gemünden, Westerwaldkreis , a municipality in Rhineland-Palatinate See also [ edit ] Gemünd Gmunden Gmund (disambiguation) [REDACTED] Topics referred to by

60-460: A college and the pertaining church ( Stiftskirche , i.e. collegiate church) and its collegiate canons ( Stiftsherr[en] ) or canonesses ( Stiftsfrau[en] ). If the Stift as a fund served to maintain the specific college of a cathedral (a so-called cathedral chapter ) then the Stift was often called das Domstift (i.e. cathedral donation [fund]). Hochstift is a compound with hoch ("high") used for

90-470: A prince (i.e. prince-bishop ), as opposed to his diocese , generally much larger and over which he exercised only spiritual authority. The terms prince-bishopric ( Fürstbistum , or simply Bistum ) and ecclesiastical principality are synonymous with Hochstift . Erzstift and Kurerzstift referred respectively to the territory ( prince-archbishopric ) ruled by a prince-archbishop and an elector-archbishop while Stift referred to

120-577: A prince-bishopric), Stiftsstände (= estates of a prince-bishopric as a realm ), or Stiftstag (diet of the estates of a prince-bishopric ). Specific prince-bishoprics were often called Hochstift/Erzstift X , as in Hochstift Augsburg or in Erzstift Bremen , with stiftbremisch meaning of/pertaining to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, as opposed to stadtbremisch (of/pertaining to

150-473: A prince-bishopric, meaning literally a "high [ranking ecclesiastical] donation [fund of estates]". Whereas Erzstift , a compound with Erz… ("arch[i]…"), was the corresponding expression for a prince-archbishopric. For the three prince-electorates of Cologne ( Kurköln ), Mainz ( Kurmainz ) and Trier ( Kurtrier ), which were simultaneously archbishoprics the corresponding term is Kurerzstift (electorate-archbishopric). The adjective pertaining to Stift as

180-638: A roundle of the third. Gemünden station is an important railway junction . The North-South railway from Fulda to Würzburg forms a junction here with the east-west line from Aschaffenburg to Würzburg . West of town, the newly built Hanover–Würzburg high-speed railway crosses the Main on the Gemünden Main Valley Bridge. Furthermore, the Franconian Saale Valley Railway ( Fränkische Saaletalbahn ) branches off at Gemünden, running to

210-469: A territory is stiftisch (of, pertaining to a prince-bishopric; prince-episcopal). As a compound, the term Stift today usually takes the copulative "s" when used as a preceding compound, such as in Stiftsadel (vassal nobility of a prince-bishopric), Stiftsamtmann (=official of a Stift ), Stiftsmann (plural: Stiftsleute ; =vassal tenant of an estate of a Stift ), Stiftssasse (=subject/inhabitant of

240-793: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Gem%C3%BCnden am Main Gemünden is located in the Main-Spessart district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia ( Unterfranken ) in Bavaria , on the Main , around 40 km downriver from Würzburg . Within the town, the River Sinn flows into the Franconian Saale , which itself then discharges into

270-590: The Holy Roman Emperor . Exercising a double function, an ecclesiastical and a secular one, the prince-bishops were thus subject to two different legal bases and two jurisdictions. The relationship between the two functions was governed in part by the Concordat of Worms of 1122. A number of Hochstifte were established in 1180 in the wake of the partial dismantling of the Duchy of Saxony . The prince-bishop, elected by

300-564: The spa town of Bad Kissingen . Gemünden is an important goods handling hub, and also running here are the Deutsche Bahn's Regionalbahn trains linking Gemünden with Würzburg and Aschaffenburg. Gemünden lies on Bundesstraße 26 . Hochstift In the Holy Roman Empire , the German term Hochstift (plural: Hochstifte ) referred to the territory ruled by a bishop as

330-664: The 18th century. The Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg was eventually annexed by Bavaria in 1802. Gemünden became a Bavarian district seat ( Kreisstadt ); a railway link followed in 1854, Ludwig's Western Railway , nowadays the Main–Spessart railway . Gemünden became a railway hub. In 1872 came the opening of the Flieden–Gemünden line , in 1879 the Gemünden–Schweinfurt line and in 1884 the Gemünden – Hammelburg line. During

SECTION 10

#1732851866624

360-745: The Counts of Rieneck. Farther up the hill are found the ruins of the Slorburg, another castle. The Elias Hügel Column from 1740 was built based on the design of the mostly destroyed original in Kaisersteinbruch . The master mason was Friedrich Opferkuh and the sculptor was Ferenc Gyurcsek. It also stands as a token of good collaboration between the Gemünden am Main Historical Society and the Kaisersteinbruch Museum and Cultural Club. A plaque recalls

390-896: The Main. The Main river changes its direction at Gemünden, from northwest to west, marking the transition from the Maindreieck ("Main Triangle") to the Mainviereck ("Main quadrangle") near Lohr am Main . Gemünden lies on the Birkenhainer Strasse , an ancient trade road from Lower Franconia to today's Frankfurt Rhine Main Region . Gemünden's Stadtteile are Adelsberg , Aschenroth, Harrbach, Hofstetten, Hohenroth, Kleinwernfeld, Langenprozelten , Neutzenbrunn, Reichenbuch, Schaippach, Schönau, Seifriedsburg, Wernfeld and Massenbuch. The local Schönau monastery ( Kloster Schönau  [ de ] )

420-688: The Rienecks to control the shipping on the Main and the eastern terminus of the Birkenhainer Strasse , an important trade route in the Middle Ages. The first reference to Gemünden as an oppidum (town) was in a document from 1319. In 1377, Würzburg took control of the whole town but in 1405 the Hochstift Würzburg sold the town to the Counts of Rieneck, reserving a right to buy it back. In 1466, Rudolf von Scherenberg made use of this and returned

450-665: The agreement, two thirds of the castle and half of the settlement were subject to the Hochstift (or secular authority) of the Prince-Bishops of Würzburg. This followed attempts by the Counts of Rieneck to expand their territory to the south. At that point, Gemünden had already been awarded the status of town by the Rieneck counts. The castle above the town, the Scherenburg , had been built by

480-454: The canons of the cathedral chapter and often belonging to the high nobility, typically enjoyed imperial immediacy ; he wielded the same authority over his principality as any secular prince, such as a duke or a margrave , over his. He had seat and vote at the Imperial Diet . From a high of more than 40 in the late Middle Ages , the number of Hochstifte (including archbishoprics)

510-469: The city of Bremen). By contrast, the spiritual entities, the dioceses, are called Bistum ("diocese") or Erzbistum ("archdiocese") in German. The difference between a Hochstift/Erzstift and a Bistum/Erzbistum is not always clear to authors so that non-scholarly texts often translate Hochstift or Erzstift incorrectly simply as diocese/bishopric or archdiocese/archbishopric, respectively. The Hochstift

540-573: The end of the Second World War. In the final days of the war, in April 1945, the railway junction was the subject of fierce fighting which lasted for six days. Post-war, the railway was rebuilt and Gemünden once again became an important junction. In 1964, Deutsche Bundesbahn employed 1,200 people in Gemünden. In 1972, the Gemünden am Main district was abolished. With the amalgamation of nine municipalities with 14 Ortsteile between 1971 and 1978,

570-698: The municipal territory increased sevenfold. Film-Photo-Ton (“Film-Photo-Sound”) Museum in the Huttenschloss in Gemünden There are the Scherenburgfestspiele (festival) in July and August in the inner courtyard at the Scherenburg ruins. This is run by Festspielverein der Stadt Gemünden e.V. . Heimatfest is a local festival held every year on the fairgrounds on the opposite side of the Franconian Saale from

600-458: The old synagogue that was heavily damaged on Kristallnacht (9 November 1938) and torn down in 1945. A memorial to those Soviet prisoners who lost their lives during forced labour, can be found in the direction of Rieneck . There is also a war cemetery, inaugurated in 1957. At the far south of the municipal territory is the Ruine Schönrain , the ruins of a former priory and castle. Beneath

630-551: The ruins, the Schönraintunnel  [ de ] railway tunnel enters the hill. The town's arms might be described thus: Azure a castle argent with wall embattled flanked by towers, rising behind the wall a greater tower, itself with two flanking turrets braced underneath against the tower, in the wall a gate Or, the leaves open showing a portcullis raised of the same, the opening sable, all tower and turret roofs and tops of merlons gules, all roofs conical, and on top of each

SECTION 20

#1732851866624

660-426: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gemünden&oldid=1258133554 " Category : Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

690-459: The territory ruled by an imperial abbot or abbess, or a princely abbot or abbess. Stift was also often used to refer to any type of ecclesiastical principality. Das Stift [plural: die Stifte or, in some regions, die Stifter ]/ het sticht [in Dutch] (literally, the "donation"), denotes in its original meaning the donated or else acquired fund of estates whose revenues are taken to maintain

720-610: The time of the National Socialist régime, the Jewish community's synagogue was destroyed on Kristallnacht (9 November 1938) by SA men . During the Second World War , many Soviet prisoners of war had to perform forced labour in operations that were important to the war effort. Owing to the town's strategically important location as a railway hub, two thirds of it was destroyed by Allied bombing raids and fighting towards

750-521: The town to Würzburg. Under Scherenberg's rule, Gemünden experienced a period of prosperity. The castle was named after him. Besides fishing, winegrowing also was an important source of income. During the German Peasants' War and the Thirty Years' War the town was spared from significant damage. The town hall was built between 1585 and 1596. The castle became disused and started to fall into ruin in

780-559: The town's pedestrian precinct . It is always held during the summer months (usually either in June or July). It is very much a scaled-down version of the Oktoberfest (held at the end of September every year in Munich ) with a beer tent, rides, and games. It is always one week in length (from Saturday to the following Sunday) concluding in a fireworks display from the Scherenburg castle ruins. Gemünden

810-676: Was down to 26 by the late 18th century. None was created for nearly four centuries, between the Golden Bull of 1356 and the conversion of the Princely Abbey of Fulda to a bishopric in 1752. All remaining Hochstifte were secularized during the Napoleonic Wars in the early years of the 19th century, and none remained at the time of the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, except Breslau whose residual territorial authority

840-462: Was founded in 1189 by Philipp von Thüngen. A Conventual Franciscan monastery since 1699, the monks' main job was to take care of the monastery and pilgrimage church. The town, which likely had grown out of an early fishing village at the confluence of the three rivers, had its first documentary mention in 1243 in an agreement between Prince-Bishop of Würzburg Hermann I of Lobdeburg  [ de ] and Countess Adelheid of Rieneck. According to

870-465: Was made of land mostly acquired in the Middle Ages through donations by the king/emperor, bequests by local lords or through purchase. It was often made of non-contiguous parts, some of which could be located outside the bishop's diocese. While a diocese is a spiritual territorial jurisdiction, a prince-bishopric or Hochstift was a secular territorial jurisdiction, a fiefdom created and granted by

900-422: Was well known as the venue for the heavy metal festival "Up From The Ground". However, the festival was last held in 2007, and owing to a number of factors, including fears for safety and poor service access at the venue, the promoters have no plans to continue the festival in Gemünden. Over Gemünden's town centre rise the ruins of Scherenburg , a castle also known as Schloss Scherenberg , which once belonged to

#623376