110-610: The Red Pyramid is a 2010 fantasy - adventure novel based on Egyptian mythology written by Rick Riordan . It is the first novel in The Kane Chronicles series. The novel was first published in the United States on May 4, 2010, by Hyperion Books for Children , an imprint of Disney Publishing Worldwide . It has been published in hardcover , audiobook , ebook , and large-print editions, and has been translated into 19 languages from its original English . The book follows
220-418: A graphic novel version of The Red Pyramid , adapted and illustrated by artist Orpheus Collar, was published worldwide by Disney Hyperion. On September 7, 2012, pictures from the graphic novel were released by Rick Riordan on his official website. The Washington Post said that Riordan "begins [the book] with a literal bang" and "the pace never flags as the narrative cuts between Carter and Sadie." The book
330-490: A celestial bronze knife he had given to Annabeth when they first met. When he died, Luke reiterates what Ethan Nakamura had told Percy before: unclaimed children and unrecognized gods deserve more respect than they have been given. Percy later fulfills his request. Luke is described as handsome, with sandy blonde hair, blue eyes, and a long scar on the side of his face, given to him by Ladon the Dragon during his failed quest. Besides
440-487: A celestial bronze knife he later gives to Annabeth with a promise to always remain her family. The knife becomes cursed after Luke's defection to Kronos. From his father Luke receives magic flying shoes, which he later curses and gives to Percy, but Percy gives the shoes to Grover. Just before giving himself over completely to host the spirit of Kronos, Luke bathes in the River Styx and obtains the invincibility of Achilles. In
550-483: A chapter of his book English Prose Style (1928) to discussing "Fantasy" as an aspect of literature, arguing it was unjustly considered suitable only for children: "The Western World does not seem to have conceived the necessity of Fairy Tales for Grown-Ups". In 1938, with the publication of The Sword in the Stone , T. H. White introduced one of the most notable works of comic fantasy . The first major contribution to
660-572: A coincidence. Wanting to simply be a teacher sometimes, Chiron got Percy's stepfather Paul Blofis to put him on the district's substitute list. Percy has recently learned that Chiron's wheelchair isn't just a disguise, but it's actually hard for the centaur to walk. Chiron was once shot in the leg by Hercules with a poisoned arrow, leaving the centaur with a permanent leg injury and in eternal agony, causing to Percy feel guilty for not having noticed it before. This story mirrors Chiron's death in mythology. Chiron provides Percy with information on Hecuba and
770-722: A daughter named Estelle. Percy begins dating Annabeth at the end of The Last Olympian . Percy is the first-person narrator in the Percy Jackson & the Olympians series. He appears in The Lightning Thief , The Sea of Monsters , The Titan's Curse , The Battle of the Labyrinth , The Last Olympian , The Son of Neptune , The Mark of Athena , The House of Hades , The Blood of Olympus , The Hidden Oracle , The Tower of Nero , The Son of Sobek , and The Crown of Ptolemy . In
880-535: A drakon-bone sword given to her by the giant Damasen in Tartarus. In The Kane Chronicles crossover series, she also uses Sadie Kane's wand when it turns into a dagger similar to the one Luke gave her. Annabeth also owns an invisibility Yankees cap, a gift from her mother. At the end of The Battle of the Labyrinth , Daedalus gives Annabeth his incredibly advanced laptop, which she loses in Tartarus in The Mark of Athena . In
990-467: A dream to warn him of the Roman legion's upcoming attack on Camp Half-Blood. In The House of Hades , Leo and Calypso see the centaur in a vision preparing for battle. In The Blood of Olympus , Chiron participates in the final battle with Gaea and leads a funeral alongside Nico for the campers who fell in the battle, both Greek and Roman. He later has several long conversations with Reyna and Frank Zhang about
1100-494: A fear shared by her siblings due to their mother's relationship with Arachne, whom Athena turned into a spider. Annabeth ran away from her father and stepfamily at age seven and encountered Luke Castellan and Thalia Grace. They lived as runaways until they were found by Grover Underwood and taken to Camp Half-Blood. Thalia temporarily perished when they reached Camp Half-Blood. Annabeth remained attached to Luke and convinced of his goodness even after his decision to support Kronos. He
1210-480: A fellow English professor with a similar array of interests, also helped to publicize the fantasy genre. Tove Jansson , author of The Moomins , was also a strong contributor to the popularity of fantasy literature in the field of children and adults. The tradition established by these predecessors of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries has continued to thrive and be adapted by new authors. The influence of J.R.R. Tolkien's fiction has—particularly over
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#17328585386531320-465: A flashback in The House of Hades . Zoë is described by Percy as being tall, graceful and gorgeously beautiful. She had brown eyes, slightly upturned nose and long dark hair braided with a silver circlet on the top. It is also stated by Percy that she gave him the impression of a Persian princess. Although her ethnicity or race is never specified, she is known to have copper-colored skin. She is said to have
1430-520: A god of chaos , captures Julius and declares his intention to become king of the world. Unbeknownst to Carter and Sadie, each of the released gods chooses a mortal host from the humans in the room. Carter and Sadie are taken to Brooklyn by their uncle Amos , who tells them they are descended from a long line of magicians, beginning with the Egyptian pharaohs Ramesses the Great and Narmer . He also explains
1540-533: A magical barrier around the camp, keeping mortals and monsters out. Seven years later, she is purged from the pine tree with the Golden Fleece , which was applied to save it from poisons that were destroying the magical barrier protecting the demigods. At the end of The Titan's Curse , she becomes the lieutenant of the Hunters of Artemis, which freezes her age the night before her 16th birthday and prevents her from being
1650-560: A simple Egyptologist , takes the siblings to the British Museum , where he tries to bring Osiris (the Egyptian god of the Underworld ) into the mortal world. His magic has the unintended side effect of summoning the gods Horus , Isis , Nephthys , and Set , as well as alerting the magicians Zia Rashid and Michel Desjardins to his actions, which are illegal in the magic community. Set,
1760-535: A strong hatred of his father and the other gods. Described as decent and kind before Kronos, he behaved with volatility and violence after his defection. Though Luke originally served Kronos willingly, the horrors he witnessed during the Battle of Manhattan convinced him to fight against his former master, eventually committing suicide to destroy the Titan, who was using Luke as his host, by stabbing himself in his Achilles Heel with
1870-412: A tearful goodbye with Zia, who turns out to have been a magical copy of the real magician, Carter and Sadie return to Brooklyn. They visit their father, now in the underworld, reunited with their ghostly mother. As a gift, the other gods as well as Osiris (hosted by the deceased Julius) help Bast return to the mortal world. Carter and Sadie describe their plans to recruit other magicians to (illegally) study
1980-476: A wispy goatee. His horns grow larger as the series progresses, and he must take increasingly careful measures to hide them and his goat legs while posing as a human. In The Lightning Thief , Chiron states that Grover is small even for his age: He is twenty-eight then, but because satyrs mature half the speed of humans, he is considered a teenager. Grover is quite sensitive and attached to nature. Like all satyrs, he can sense emotions and sense monsters and demigods. As
2090-502: Is actually the son of Hades, Percy decides to keep it from the centaur. In The Battle of Labyrinth , Chiron becomes suspicious of the new sword instructor Quintus who later turns out to be Daedalus in disguise. He also organizes the quest into the Labyrinth and participates in the battle with a monster army invading from the maze. Although Chiron is badly wounded, he survives the fight. In The Last Olympian , Chiron leaves Percy to lead
2200-523: Is away from camp when Apollo and Meg McCaffrey return months later to face Nero. Chiron returns in time to receive a message from Rachel summoning reinforcements from camp which Chiron personally leads, disguising it as a field trip for the youngest campers. Chiron is implied to have been meeting with Bast and Mimir about some kind of a threat that endangers the Greco-Roman, Egyptian and Norse pantheons, but he refuses to elaborate on what it is. In The Sun and
2310-637: Is considered a genre of speculative fiction and is distinguished from the genres of science fiction and horror by the absence of scientific or macabre themes, respectively, though these may overlap. Historically, most works of fantasy were in written form , but since the 1960s, a growing segment of the fantasy genre has taken the form of films , television programs , graphic novels , video games , music and art. Many fantasy novels originally written for children and adolescents also attract an adult audience. Examples include Alice's Adventures in Wonderland ,
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#17328585386532420-476: Is gone a few days later, much to Percy's disappointment. Paul later tells Percy that Chiron is due to teach his class the next week while Paul is on jury duty. Chiron is played by Pierce Brosnan in the first film and by Anthony Head in the second film. In the musical, he is portrayed by Jonathan Raviv. In the TV series, he is portrayed by Glynn Turman with the character depicted with a leg brace on his left hind leg as
2530-547: Is introduced as one of Artemis’ huntresses. She is described as looking around 14 years of age, although it is later revealed that she is well over 2000 years old. She is also later then revealed to be a former Hesperid , daughter of Atlas and Pleione. She appears in The Titan’s Curse , along with being mentioned in The Battle of the Labyrinth , The Son of Neptune , The Blood of Olympus , The Dark Prophecy , and being seen in
2640-419: Is revealed that she has a rather ironic fear of heights , despite being a daughter of Zeus. In The Lost Hero , she embraces her brother Jason for the first time in years, only to learn that he had lost his memory. She is portrayed by Paloma Kwiatkowski and Katelyn Mayer as the young Thalia in the second film. In the TV series, she will be portrayed by Tamara Smart . In The Titan’s Curse , Zoë Nightshade
2750-565: Is shown to suspect Percy's true heritage as a son of Poseidon and gives Percy his sword Riptide. After Percy is poisoned by Luke Castellan, Chiron heals him. In The Sea of Monsters , due to Thalia's tree being poisoned, Chiron is blamed due to him being a son of Kronos and he is fired from camp. During Percy and Annabeth's quest into the Sea of Monsters for the Golden Fleece, they keep in touch with Chiron. After Percy tricks Luke into exonerating Chiron,
2860-426: Is too bland or simplistic creates the impression that the fantasy setting is simply a modern world in disguise, and presents examples of clear, effective fantasy writing in brief excerpts from Tolkien and Evangeline Walton . Michael Moorcock observed that many writers use archaic language for its sonority and to lend color to a lifeless story. Brian Peters writes that in various forms of fairytale fantasy , even
2970-430: Is willing to attack even Luke, who was known as the best swordsman of the last 300 years. Thalia's weapons are a replica of the shield Aegis , disguised as a silver bracelet, and a spear, disguised as a Mace can . After The Titan's Curse , she also uses a bow and hunting knives, given to her by the Hunters of Artemis. Her main power is the ability to summon lightning and generate electric shocks. In The Titan's Curse , it
3080-501: The Harry Potter series, The Chronicles of Narnia , and The Hobbit . Stories involving magic and terrible monsters have existed in spoken forms before the advent of printed literature. Classical mythology is replete with fantastical stories and characters, the best known (and perhaps the most relevant to modern fantasy) being the works of Homer (Greek) and Virgil (Roman). The philosophy of Plato has had great influence on
3190-619: The Kalevala , they compiled existing folklore into an epic to match other nation's, and sometimes, as in The Poems of Ossian , they fabricated folklore that should have been there. These works, whether fairy tale, ballads, or folk epics, were a major source for later fantasy works. The Romantic interest in medievalism also resulted in a revival of interest in the literary fairy tale. The tradition begun with Giovanni Francesco Straparola and Giambattista Basile and developed by Charles Perrault and
3300-453: The Age of Enlightenment . Many of Perrault's tales became fairy tale staples and were influential to later fantasy. When d'Aulnoy termed her works contes de fée (fairy tales), she invented the term that is now generally used for the genre, thus distinguishing such tales from those involving no marvels. This approach influenced later writers who took up the folk fairy tales in the same manner during
3410-523: The Elizabethan era in England , fantasy literature became extraordinarily popular and fueled populist and anti-authoritarian sentiment during the 1590s . Topics that were written about included " fairylands in which the sexes traded places [and] men and immortals mingl[ing]". Romanticism , a movement of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century, was a dramatic reaction to rationalism, challenging
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3520-710: The Middle East has been influential in the West since it was translated from the Arabic into French in 1704 by Antoine Galland . Many imitations were written, especially in France. The Fornaldarsagas , Norse and Icelandic sagas , both of which are based on ancient oral tradition influenced the German Romantics, as well as William Morris , and J. R. R. Tolkien . The Anglo-Saxon epic poem Beowulf has also had deep influence on
3630-529: The Romantic era . Several fantasies aimed at an adult readership were also published in 18th century France, including Voltaire 's " contes philosophique " The Princess of Babylon (1768) and The White Bull (1774). This era, however, was notably hostile to fantasy. Writers of the new types of fiction such as Defoe , Richardson , and Fielding were realistic in style, and many early realistic works were critical of fantastical elements in fiction. However, in
3740-552: The "First Terrible Fate that Awaiteth Unwary Beginners in Fantasy", alluding to young writers attempting to write in Lord Dunsany's style. According to S. T. Joshi , "Dunsany's work had the effect of segregating fantasy—a mode whereby the author creates his own realm of pure imagination—from supernatural horror. From the foundations he established came the later work of E. R. Eddison , Mervyn Peake , and J. R. R. Tolkien. In Britain in
3850-511: The Amazon Children's bestseller list. AudioFile magazine praised the audiobook, writing that "Riordan’s works transition well to the audiobook format with their formula of equal parts nonstop adventure and well-camouflaged education". He praised the introduction of dual narrators, who "add a welcome level of complexity" and both Kevin Free and Katherine Kellgren. The audiobook of The Red Pyramid
3960-636: The California wildfires that he was causing, Grover returns to Camp Half-Blood. In The Chalice of the Gods , taking place between The Heroes of Olympus and The Trials of Apollo , Grover volunteers to join Percy's quests to get recommendation letters from the gods so that he can get into New Rome University. Grover uses his nature spirit connections to help search for Ganymede's chalice of immortality and then to help Percy sneak into Mount Olympus to return it to Ganymede in
4070-605: The French précieuses was taken up by the German Romantic movement. The German author Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué created medieval-set stories such as Undine (1811) and Sintram and his Companions (1815), which would later inspire British writers such as George MacDonald and William Morris . E.T.A. Hoffmann 's tales, such as The Golden Pot (1814) and The Nutcracker and the Mouse King (1816) were notable additions to
4180-579: The Greeks about the Romans due to swearing on the River Styx to keep the secret due to the historic rivalry between the two. With Dionysus having been recalled to Olympus which Zeus has closed off, Chiron is now in charge of camp. He eventually admits the truth about the Greeks and Romans after the quest to rescue Hera and the discovery of Bunker 9, but even Chiron doesn't know where the Roman camp is. In The Mark of Athena , Percy and Annabeth manage to contact Chiron via
4290-716: The Hesperides were her only family. Ultimately, Hercules never gave Zoë any credit and eventually abandoned her. As a reaction, she came to hold a grudge against male Heroes, especially those who reminded her of Hercules. After her incident involving Hercules, Zoë joins the hunters of Artemis, a group of eternal maidens who swears off men for semi-immortality and hunt with Artemis until they fall in battle. Zoë Nightshade eventually rose to become Artemis' loyal lieutenant for over 2000 years. Zoë Nightshade makes it very clear that she dislikes Thalia Grace. Once had they ran into her, Luke Castellan, and Annabeth Chase. Zoë had asked Thalia to join
4400-470: The Kane siblings, Carter and Sadie, as they discover they are descended from both the pharaohs and magicians of ancient Egypt. As a result, they are able to both host gods and wield magic. The duo unknowingly hosts the Egyptian gods Horus and Isis , while their father is taken as a host by Osiris who is captured by Set . They are thrown into an adventure to rescue their father, while simultaneously trying to save
4510-432: The Labyrinth , The Last Olympian , The Lost Hero , The Demigod Diaries , The Mark of Athena , The House of Hades and The Blood of Olympus . She is described as having honey-blonde hair and gray eyes. She is described by her teacher Chiron as "territorial about her friends", which is manifested in some moments of jealousy and distrust. In The Lightning Thief , it is revealed that she also suffers from arachnophobia ,
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4620-505: The Romans to get Reyna to help transport the Athena Parthenos statue across the world. In The Dark Prophecy , Meg McCaffrey summons Grover after getting a prophecy stating that she and Apollo will need a satyr guide. In The Burning Maze , Grover guides the two through the Labyrinth and, alongside the other nature spirits, aids in their fight against Medea and Caligula. After the death of Medea and Helios fading from existence, ending
4730-521: The Southwest Wind an irascible but kindly character similar to J.R.R. Tolkien 's later Gandalf . The history of modern fantasy literature began with George MacDonald, author of such novels as The Princess and the Goblin (1868) and Phantastes (1868), the latter of which is widely considered to be the first fantasy novel written for adults. MacDonald also wrote one of the first critical essays about
4840-648: The Star: A Nico di Angelo Adventure , Chiron is left alone at camp with Dionysus, Nico and Will Solace when the vast majority of the campers decide to return home for the school year. Along with the wine god, Chiron reluctantly authorizes the two demigods to go on a quest to Tartarus to rescue Bob and greets them upon Nico and Will's successful return with the Titan. In Wrath of the Triple Goddess , Chiron surprises Percy by becoming his substitute history teacher at Alternative High School, although Chiron explains that it's simply
4950-419: The TV series. A centaur with a white stallion body and a son of Kronos. He is Percy's mentor and the activities director at Camp Half-Blood. He is the mythological Chiron who was granted immortality by the gods for as long as he is needed to train heroes. In The Lightning Thief , he first appears disguised as a Latin teacher at Percy's school, using an enchanted wheelchair to conceal his horse half. Chiron
5060-677: The Vampire ), a collection of various fantasy tales set within a frame story is, according to Richard Francis Burton and Isabel Burton , "the germ which culminated in the Arabian Nights , and which also inspired the Golden Ass of Apuleius , (2nd century A.D). Boccaccio 's Decamerone (c.1353) the Pentamerone (1634, 1636) and all that class of facetious fictitious literature." The Book of One Thousand and One Nights (Arabian Nights) from
5170-532: The ability to control water, boats, and ships; to create small hurricanes; to breathe and see clearly underwater, and to talk to horse-like creatures and most aquatic animals. He is also a gifted swordsman using his shape-shifting sword pen named Anaklusmos (Ancient Greek for "Riptide") for battle. The pen was created by Zoë Nightshade , and when uncapped changes into a celestial bronze sword. If he loses it, it will always appear back in his pocket. Percy struggles significantly in his mortal life. He, like most demigods,
5280-433: The ability to open locks with his mind, which he inherited from his father, Luke is an excellent swordsman. He receives a sword named "Backbiter" from Kronos at the end of The Lightning Thief . It is later reforged as Kronos's scythe and has the ability to harm both mortals and immortals because of its double-edged blade, half steel, half celestial bronze. From Halcyon Green, he receives a diary he later entrusts to Chiron, and
5390-529: The aftermath of World War I, a notably large number of fantasy books aimed at an adult readership were published, including Living Alone (1919) by Stella Benson , A Voyage to Arcturus (1920) by David Lindsay , Lady into Fox (1922) by David Garnett , Lud-in-the-Mist (1926) by Hope Mirrlees , and Lolly Willowes (1926) by Sylvia Townsend Warner . E. R. Eddison was another influential writer who wrote during this era. He drew inspiration from Northern sagas, as Morris did, but his prose style
5500-414: The army of Camp Half-Blood while he gathers much needed reinforcements in the form of the party ponies. Chiron directly confronts his father Kronos in battle, although he's defeated. After Kronos' defeat, Chiron allows Rachel Elizabeth Dare into Camp Half-Blood to become the new Oracle of Delphi . In The Lost Hero , Chiron recognizes Jason Grace as a Roman demigod, much to his alarm, but he refuses to tell
5610-432: The canon of German fantasy. Ludwig Tieck 's collection Phantasus (1812–1817) contained several short fairy tales, including "The Elves". In France, the main writers of Romantic-era fantasy were Charles Nodier with Smarra (1821) and Trilby (1822) and Théophile Gautier who penned such stories as "Omphale" (1834) and " One of Cleopatra's Nights " (1838) as well as the novel Spirite (1866). Fantasy literature
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#17328585386535720-505: The centaur arrives with the party ponies to rescue Percy, Annabeth, Grover and Tyson from the Princess Andromeda and he is present when Thalia is resurrected from her tree by the Golden Fleece. In The Titan's Curse , Chiron tries to cheer Percy up without success after Annabeth's kidnapping. He has also started to favor Thalia due to her being the more likely prophecy child following her resurrection. Upon realizing that Nico di Angelo
5830-488: The child of the prophecy. Thalia has bright blue eyes and short, spiky black hair, and wears black eyeliner and punk style clothing. Jason describes her as having a Mediterranean complexion . Annabeth and Chiron remark that her personality and character traits (like her bravery and loyalty) are very similar to Percy's. She also shares some traits with her father, such as his pride, confidence, and vehement reactions to betrayal or contradiction. An incredibly skilled warrior, she
5940-411: The continent. Other writers, including Edgar Rice Burroughs and Abraham Merritt , further developed the style. Several classic children's fantasies such as Lewis Carroll 's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865), L. Frank Baum 's The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900), as well as the work of E. Nesbit and Frank R. Stockton were also published around this time. C. S. Lewis noted that in
6050-481: The development of fantasy with their writing of horror stories. Wilde also wrote a large number of children's fantasies, collected in The Happy Prince and Other Stories (1888) and A House of Pomegranates (1891). H. Rider Haggard developed the conventions of the lost world subgenre with his novel King Solomon's Mines (1885), which presented a fantastical Africa to a European audience still unfamiliar with
6160-446: The earlier part of the 20th century, fantasy was more accepted in juvenile literature, and therefore a writer interested in fantasy often wrote for that audience, despite using concepts and themes that could form a work aimed at adults. At this time, the terminology for the genre was not settled. Many fantasies in this era were termed fairy tales, including Max Beerbohm 's " The Happy Hypocrite " (1896) and MacDonald's Phantastes . It
6270-519: The end of The Trials of Apollo , Annabeth starts attending New Rome University with Percy after helping him in The Chalice of the Gods to get the godly recommendation letters that Percy needs. Her main weapon is a short celestial bronze knife given to her by Luke Castellan. In The Last Olympian , it was found to be a cursed blade, which Luke used to eject Kronos from his soul, consequently killing himself. After losing it in The House of Hades , she uses
6380-499: The epic Mabinogion . One influential retelling of this was the fantasy work of Evangeline Walton . The Irish Ulster Cycle and Fenian Cycle have also been plentifully mined for fantasy. Its greatest influence was, however, indirect. Celtic folklore and mythology provided a major source for the Arthurian cycle of chivalric romance : the Matter of Britain . Although the subject matter
6490-509: The fantasy genre, "The Fantastic Imagination", in his book A Dish of Orts (1893). MacDonald was a major influence on both Tolkien and C. S. Lewis . The other major fantasy author of this era was William Morris, an admirer of the Middle Ages and a poet who wrote several fantastic romances and novels in the latter part of the 19th century, including The Well at the World's End (1896). Morris
6600-608: The fantasy genre. In the Christian Platonic tradition, the reality of other worlds, and an overarching structure of great metaphysical and moral importance, has lent substance to the fantasy worlds of modern works. With Empedocles ( c. 490 – c. 430 BC ), elements are often used in fantasy works as personifications of the forces of nature. India has a long tradition of fantastical stories and characters, dating back to Vedic mythology . The Panchatantra ( Fables of Bidpai ), which some scholars believe
6710-407: The fantasy genre; although it was unknown for centuries and so not developed in medieval legend and romance, several fantasy works have retold the tale, such as John Gardner 's Grendel . Celtic folklore and legend has been an inspiration for many fantasy works. The Welsh tradition has been particularly influential, owing to its connection to King Arthur and its collection in a single work,
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#17328585386536820-625: The films, Percy Jackson is portrayed by Logan Lerman . In the musical, he is portrayed by Chris McCarrell . Walker Scobell and Azriel Dalman portray the role in the TV series . Grover Underwood is a satyr and Percy's best friend. He appears in The Lightning Thief , The Sea of Monsters , The Titan's Curse , The Battle of the Labyrinth , The Last Olympian , The Son of Neptune , The House of Hades , The Blood of Olympus and The Burning Maze . He has curly reddish-brown hair and fur, acne, and
6930-597: The films, he is portrayed by Jake Abel and Samuel Braun as the young Luke in the second film. In the musical, he is portrayed by James Hayden Rodriguez. Charlie Bushnell portrays Luke in the TV series. Thalia Grace is the daughter of Zeus and Beryl Grace, a TV starlet. She is seven years older than her brother Jason Grace and appears in The Lightning Thief, The Sea of Monsters, The Titan's Curse, The Last Olympian, The Lost Hero, The Blood of Olympus , The Dark Prophecy , and The Tyrant's Tomb . Due to her mother's abusive nature, Thalia had considered leaving home since she
7040-419: The final piece of the spell they need from a dying Zia, the unknowing host of Nephthys. Carter, Sadie, Horus, and Isis use the spell to subdue Set, although they stop short of completely destroying him because they realize his actions were dictated by a far worse enemy — Apophis , a much more powerful god of chaos. Desjardins reluctantly allows Carter and Sadie to go free after they part with Horus and Isis. After
7150-511: The first literary results of this trend was the Gothic novel , a genre that began in Britain with The Castle of Otranto (1764) by Horace Walpole . That work is considered the predecessor to both modern fantasy and modern horror fiction . Another noted Gothic novel which also contains a large amount of Arabian Nights -influenced fantasy elements is Vathek (1786) by William Thomas Beckford . In
7260-713: The genre after World War II was Mervyn Peake 's Titus Groan (1946), the book that launched the Gormenghast series . J. R. R. Tolkien played a large role in the popularization and accessibility of the fantasy genre with his highly successful publications The Hobbit (1937) and The Lord of the Rings (1954–55). Tolkien was largely influenced by an ancient body of Anglo-Saxon myths , particularly Beowulf , as well as William Morris's romances and E. R. Eddison 's 1922 novel, The Worm Ouroboros . Tolkien's close friend C. S. Lewis , author of The Chronicles of Narnia (1950–56) and
7370-435: The genre of high fantasy —prompted a reaction. In China, the idea of fantasy literature as a distinct genre first became prevalent in the early 21st century. China has long had pre-genre stories with fantastical elements, including zhiguai , ghost stories, and miracle tales, among others. It is not uncommon for fantasy novels to be ranked on The New York Times Best Seller list , and some have been at number one on
7480-488: The gods' policy of non-interference despite Luke's mother May Castellan's mental illness after her failed attempt to become the host of the Oracle of Delphi. Having had enough of his mother's "fits", Luke ran away from home at nine years old and eventually arrived at camp aged fourteen with Annabeth Chase and Thalia Grace. After the loss of Thalia, a failed quest and continued silence from Hermes, Luke's ongoing resentment turned into
7590-480: The gods. The siblings escape and form a plan to defeat Set — hoping to rescue their father and clear their names within the magic community. They travel to Set's lair in Arizona , gathering ingredients for a magic spell and evading hostile monsters and magicians. Bast sacrifices herself while defending Carter and Sadie from Sobek , then they encounter Amos and then Zia. The foursome heads to Set's hideout, where they learn
7700-465: The grave danger Set poses to the world and goes to find him. While he is away, the mansion is attacked by Set's minions. With help from Sadie's cat Muffin, who is host to the goddess Bast , and Zia Rashid, they escape to Cairo . Once there, Carter and Sadie discover they are hosts to the gods Horus and Isis, respectively. They train in magic until the magicians' leader Iskandar dies and Michel Desjardins orders their deaths for collaborating illegally with
7810-618: The hunters, almost managing to convince her, but Thalia refuses, not wanting to leave Luke. Zoë was offended by her decision, which led them into a heated argument. This gave Thalia a strong hatred to the Hunters, especially Zoë Nightshade. Throughout the book, Zoë talks in an Early Modern , or Shakespearean, English. She also is said to speak in an old, strange accent, more heavily when upset. She would use words like ‘thou’, ‘thee’, and ‘thy’, and got irritated when Thalia would correct her speech, exclaiming “I hate this language! It changes too often!”. Zoë also showed particular interest and love for
7920-470: The interaction between Greek mythology and the modern world. The idea of having two multiracial siblings narrate the book also came from his experience as a teacher. Carter and Sadie Kane, the titular characters, were inspired by two siblings he taught, as well as the fact that Ancient Egypt was a multicultural society. In an interview with Publishers Weekly at the BEA 2010 Show, where Riordan signed copies of
8030-532: The later part of the Romantic period, folklorists collected folktales, epic poems, and ballads, and released them in printed form. The Brothers Grimm were inspired by the movement of German Romanticism in their 1812 collection Grimm's Fairy Tales , and they in turn inspired other collectors. Frequently their motivation stemmed not merely from Romanticism, but from Romantic nationalism , in that many were inspired to save their own country's folklore. Sometimes, as in
8140-431: The list, including most recently, Brandon Sanderson in 2014, Neil Gaiman in 2013, Patrick Rothfuss and George R. R. Martin in 2011, and Terry Goodkind in 2006. Symbolism often plays a significant role in fantasy literature, often through the use of archetypal figures inspired by earlier texts or folklore . Some argue that fantasy literature and its archetypes fulfill a function for individuals and society and
8250-710: The lost god Pan. When Polyphemus captures him in The Sea of Monsters , he activates an empathy link, a psychic bond with Percy created a year before that allows telepathic communication across great distances. He uses this to guide Percy to his rescue. At the end of The Last Olympian , he is named a Lord of the Wild and given a seat on the satyrs' ruling council, the Council of Cloven Elders. In The Heroes of Olympus series, Grover mainly appears as one of Camp Half-Blood's satyr allies reporting on Gaea's rising and participating in negotiations with
8360-550: The messages are continually updated for current societies. Ursula K. Le Guin , in her essay "From Elfland to Poughkeepsie", presented the idea that language is the most crucial element of high fantasy , because it creates a sense of place. She analyzed the misuse of a formal, "olden-day" style, saying that it was a dangerous trap for fantasy writers because it was ridiculous when done wrong. She warns writers away from trying to base their style on that of masters such as Lord Dunsany and E. R. Eddison , emphasizing that language that
8470-544: The midst of Zeus' brunch for his mother Rhea. In the films, he is portrayed by Brandon T. Jackson and Bjorn Yearwood as young Grover in the second film. In the musical, he is portrayed by George Salazar . Aryan Simhadri portrays Grover in the TV series. Annabeth Chase is the child of Athena and West Point history professor Frederick Chase. She is also known as Wise Girl. She has an extensive paternal family including Magnus Chase. She appears in The Lightning Thief , The Sea of Monsters , The Titan's Curse , The Battle of
8580-459: The modern image of "medieval" is more influenced by the romance than by any other medieval genre, and the word medieval evokes knights, distressed damsels, dragons, and other romantic tropes. At the time of the Renaissance romance continued to be popular, and the trend was to more fantastic fiction. The English Le Morte d'Arthur by Sir Thomas Malory (c.1408–1471) was written in prose, and
8690-641: The most influential writers of fantasy and horror in the 20th century. Despite MacDonald's future influence, and Morris' popularity at the time, it was not until around the start of the 20th century that fantasy fiction began to reach a large audience, with authors such as Lord Dunsany (1878–1957) who, following Morris's example, wrote fantasy novels, but also in the short story form. He was particularly noted for his vivid and evocative style. His style greatly influenced many writers, not always happily; Ursula K. Le Guin , in her essay on style in fantasy "From Elfland to Poughkeepsie", wryly referred to Lord Dunsany as
8800-502: The newly established alliance between the two camps. In The Hidden Oracle , six months later, Chiron is still in charge of Camp Half-Blood, and he is dealing with missing campers, down communications and the arrival of a now mortal Apollo. He later participates in the battle with Nero 's automaton and gives the resurrected Leo Valdez a kick in the gut -- joining the campers who literally line up to hit Leo -- for scaring him with his sacrifice to destroy Gaea. In The Tower of Nero , Chiron
8910-452: The novel had sold 630,000 copies. The Red Pyramid received a lexile score of 650L making it appropriate for 11–14 year olds. Since its release, the novel has been translated into 19 languages. On May 4, 2010, a fourteen-hour and 32 minute audiobook version of The Red Pyramid , read by Katherine Kellgren and Kevin R.Free, who later read all the audiobooks in the series, was published worldwide by Brilliance Audio . On October 2, 2012,
9020-415: The novel, he said that Ancient Egypt "fascinates kids." He did extensive research so that "The magic, the spells, the shabti, are all grounded in reality." In another interview, Riordan objected to the longstanding Western tradition of separating Egyptian history from the history of other African societies, saying it was important to "firmly [put] Egypt back into the realm of African history." The Red Pyramid
9130-781: The oldest recorded form of many well-known (and some more obscure) European fairy tales. This was the beginning of a tradition that would both influence the fantasy genre and be incorporated in it, as many works of fairytale fantasy appear to this day. In a work on alchemy in the 16th century, Paracelsus (1493–1541) identified four types of beings with the four elements of alchemy: gnomes (earth elementals); undines (water); sylphs (air); and salamanders (fire). Most of these beings are found in folklore as well as alchemy, and their names are often used interchangeably with similar beings from folklore. Literary fairy tales, such as those written by Charles Perrault (1628–1703) and Madame d'Aulnoy (c.1650 – 1705), became very popular early in
9240-470: The path of the gods, and Carter also resolves to seek out the real Zia Rashid. Minor Characters: According to Riordan, the idea for The Kane Chronicles series came from his realization that the only ancient history subject more popular than Ancient Greece was that of Ancient Egypt . He had already written and published several books in the Percy Jackson & the Olympians series, which dealt with
9350-474: The priority of reason and promoting the importance of imagination and spirituality. Its success in rehabilitating imagination was of fundamental importance to the evolution of fantasy, and its interest in medieval romances provided many motifs to modern fantasy. The Romantics invoked the medieval romance as a model for the works they wanted to produce, in contrast to the realism of the Enlightenment. One of
9460-473: The result of a war injury. Luke Castellan was a 19-year-old son of Hermes and May Castellan. He appears in The Lightning Thief , The Sea of Monsters , The Titan's Curse , The Battle of the Labyrinth and The Last Olympian . Introduced initially as the friendly head counselor of the Hermes cabin, Luke is revealed to serve Kronos at the end of The Lightning Thief . He is resentful of his father, who adhered to
9570-465: The same cold look in her eyes as her father, the Titan Atlas. In her early life, Zoë gave Hercules tips on how to trick her father, helping him complete his quest on stealing the golden apple. She then gifted him her hairpin, which turns into "Anaklusmos", the sword currently in the possession of Percy. After her sisters had found out about what Zoë had done, they exiled her. This pained Zoë, knowing that
9680-452: The series progresses, his concern for his friends and the pursuit of his goals leads him to take on leadership roles and become more confident. Unlike his demigod friends, Grover is not an orthodox fighter. Instead, he uses reed pipes or a cudgel. In The Battle of the Labyrinth , Grover begins a relationship with the dryad Juniper. In The Lightning Thief , he gets a "searcher's license" after delivering Percy safely, allowing him to search for
9790-436: The stars. After her death, caused by Ladon attacking her and Atlas’ final blow, she is turned into a constellation by the goddess Artemis. However, before she passes onto the stars, Zoë apologizes to Thalia, telling her that they could have been sisters. She also addresses Percy, telling him that she is honored he carried "Anaklusmos". In The Sea of Monsters , Tyson is introduced as Percy's bullied, childish friend. When Percy
9900-463: The table for what promises to be a rip-roaring saga with nasty villains" and "engaging love interests." Kirkus Reviews thought the story was similar to Riordan's other works like The Lightning Thief in terms of chapters, characters, and plot, but noted, "that's not all bad." School Library Journal named The Red Pyramid a Best Book of 2010, and it was also shortlisted for the 2011 Red House Children's Book Award . The novel also appeared on
10010-540: The third book of Magnus Chase series, Annabeth wears a UC Berkeley College of Environmental Design shirt, implying that is where she goes to college. Annabeth also has dyslexia and ADHD but is good at keeping it in check. In the films, she is portrayed by Alexandra Daddario and Alisha Newton as young Annabeth in the second film. In the American musical, she was portrayed by Kristin Stokes. Leah Jeffries portrays Annabeth in
10120-670: The villain's language might be inappropriate if vulgar. List of characters in mythology novels by Rick Riordan#Egyptian deities A description of most characters featured in various mythology series by Rick Riordan . Perseus "Percy" Jackson is a demigod, son of the mortal, Sally Jackson, and the Greek god of the sea, Poseidon. Percy lives in the Upper East Side of Manhattan , but found his life uprooted upon discovering his true paternity. He has black hair and sea-green eyes. He has inherited special abilities from Poseidon which include
10230-582: The work dominates the Arthurian literature. Arthurian motifs have appeared steadily in literature from its publication, though the works have been a mix of fantasy and non-fantasy works. At the time, it and the Spanish Amadis de Gaula (1508), which was also written in prose, spawned many imitators, and the genre was popularly well-received. It later produced such masterpieces of Renaissance poetry as Ludovico Ariosto 's Orlando furioso and Torquato Tasso 's Gerusalemme Liberata . Ariosto's tale in particular
10340-427: The world from destruction. The novel is written as though it is a transcription of an audio recording by siblings Carter and Sadie Kane , alternately narrated in first-person by the siblings. The Red Pyramid received generally positive reviews with critics praising its pace, action and storyline. The novel was on the Amazon Children's bestseller list. It also won a School Library Journal Best Book Award, and
10450-547: Was a finalist at the Audiobook of the Year Award . Publishers Weekly praised the graphic novel, writing that "the plot lends itself fluidly to the graphic novel format", praising Collar's "cinematic artwork" and "tongue-in-cheek details", concluding, "new readers and existing fans alike will dive right in". The sequel to The Red Pyramid is titled The Throne of Fire ; it was published on May 3, 2011. On September 12, 2020, it
10560-436: Was a source text for many fantasies of adventure. During the Renaissance , Giovanni Francesco Straparola wrote and published The Facetious Nights of Straparola (1550–1555), a collection of stories of which many are literary fairy tales . Giambattista Basile wrote and published the Pentamerone , which was the first collection of stories to contain solely what would later be known as fairy tales. The two works include
10670-574: Was also her first love interest. Her attempts to bring Luke back into the fold are an important theme in the books. At the end of the series, she plans to finish high school in New York and then attend college in New Rome, with her boyfriend, Percy Jackson. In The Hidden Oracle , one of her friends states that Annabeth had gone to Boston for "some family emergency" — searching for her cousin Magnus Chase. At
10780-478: Was also listed in The Washington Post 's summer book club. The New York Times 's Bruce Handy was mildly critical of The Red Pyramid saying it had "eruptions of mayhem every few pages and exposition falling like hail", as well as "a sea of churning narrative". However, Handy said, "Riordan fans young and old will eat this new book up." He also commented that the book was "wholly satisfying while also setting
10890-465: Was also shortlisted for the 2011 Red House Children's Book Award . The audiobook of The Red Pyramid , narrated by Katherine Kellgren and Kevin R. Free, was a finalist at the Audiobook of the Year Award . Carter and his father Julius Kane are visiting Carter's sister Sadie, who has lived with her maternal grandparents in London since the death of their mother, Ruby Kane . Julius, a magician posing as
11000-440: Was announced that the three books are being adapted for Netflix as feature films. Fantasy literature Fantasy literature is literature set in an imaginary universe , often but not always without any locations, events, or people from the real world. Magic , the supernatural and magical creatures are common in many of these imaginary worlds. Fantasy literature may be directed at both children and adults. Fantasy
11110-497: Was composed around the 3rd century BC. It is based on older oral traditions, including "animal fables that are as old as we are able to imagine". It was influential in Europe and the Middle East . It used various animal fables and magical tales to illustrate the central Indian principles of political science . Talking animals endowed with human qualities have now become a staple of modern fantasy. The Baital Pachisi ( Vikram and
11220-438: Was diagnosed with ADHD and dyslexia . This made him the subject of bullying from his peers. His mother was once married to Gabe Ugliano (Smelly Gabe), an abusive, gambling-addicted alcoholic. His repugnant mortal odor masked Percy's demigod scent, hiding him from monsters. At the end of The Lightning Thief , Sally turned Gabe into stone using Medusa's head. Later, she marries Paul Blofis, whom she genuinely loves, and they have
11330-505: Was heavily reworked by the authors, these romances developed marvels until they became independent of the original folklore and fictional, an important stage in the development of fantasy. Romance or chivalric romance is a type of prose and verse narrative that reworked legends , fairy tales , and history to suit the readers' and hearers' tastes, but by c. 1600 they were out of fashion, and Miguel de Cervantes famously burlesqued them in his novel Don Quixote . Still,
11440-412: Was inspired by the medieval sagas, and his writing was deliberately archaic in the style of the chivalric romances . Morris's work represented an important milestone in the history of fantasy, as while other writers wrote of foreign lands or of dream worlds , Morris was the first to set his stories in an entirely invented world . Authors such as Edgar Allan Poe and Oscar Wilde also contributed to
11550-416: Was little, but stayed to protect Jason. When Jason was seemingly stolen during a visit to Sonora, Thalia finally ran away and stayed on the run with Luke and Annabeth until they met Grover the satyr when she was 12. When they reached camp, Hades sent a horde of hell hounds that Thalia held off, sacrificing herself for her friends. Zeus pitied his daughter and turned her into a pine tree; her spirit then provided
11660-449: Was modeled more on Tudor and Elizabethan English, and his stories were filled with vigorous characters in glorious adventures. Eddison's most famous work is The Worm Ouroboros (1922), a long heroic fantasy set on an imaginary version of the planet Mercury. Literary critics of the era began to take an interest in "fantasy" as a genre of writing, and also to argue that it was a genre worthy of serious consideration. Herbert Read devoted
11770-421: Was not until 1923 that the term "fantasist" was used to describe a writer (in this case, Oscar Wilde) who wrote fantasy fiction. The name "fantasy" was not developed until later; as late as J.R.R. Tolkien's The Hobbit (1937), the term "fairy tale" was still being used. An important factor in the development of the fantasy genre was the arrival of magazines devoted to fantasy fiction. The first such publication
11880-548: Was popular in Victorian times , with the works of writers such as Mary Shelley , William Morris, George MacDonald, and Charles Dodgson reaching wider audiences. Hans Christian Andersen took a new approach to fairy tales by creating original stories told in a serious fashion. From this origin, John Ruskin wrote The King of the Golden River (1851), a fairy tale that included complex levels of characterization and created in
11990-489: Was the German magazine Der Orchideengarten which ran from 1919 to 1921. In 1923, the first English-language fantasy fiction magazine, Weird Tales , was created. Many other similar magazines eventually followed. and The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction H. P. Lovecraft was deeply influenced by Edgar Allan Poe and to a somewhat lesser extent, by Lord Dunsany; with his Cthulhu Mythos stories, he became one of
12100-410: Was the first time Riordan used alternating points of view because it was "very important ... that both genders have protagonists they can identify with." The Red Pyramid had a first printing of one million copies. The series was planned to consist of one book per year to build anticipation. The novel featured cover art by John Rocco , with interior illustrations by Michelle Gengaro-Kokmen. As of 2010,
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