34-3216: Empress Xiao may refer to: Empresses with the surname Xiao 蕭 [ edit ] Empress Xiao (Sui dynasty) (566–648), empress consort of the Sui dynasty Xiao Wen (蕭溫, died 936), married to Emperor Taizong of Liao Xiao Sagezhi (蕭撒葛只, died 951), married to Emperor Shizong of Liao Empress Xiao, married to Emperor Muzong of Liao Xiao Yanyan (蕭燕燕, 953–1009), married to Emperor Jingzong of Liao Empress Xiao (deposed, personal information unknown) Emperor Shengzong of Liao 's first empress Xiao Pusage (蕭菩薩哥) (983–1032), Emperor Shengzong of Liao 's second empress Xiao Sanqian (蕭三蒨), Emperor Xingzong of Liao 's first empress Xiao Tali (蕭撻裏, died 1076), Emperor Xingzong of Liao 's second empress Xiao Guanyin (蕭觀音, 1040–1075), Emperor Daozong of Liao's first empress Xiao Tansi (蕭坦思, died 1118), Emperor Daozong of Liao 's second empress Xiao Duolilan (蕭奪裏懶), married to Emperor Tianzuo of Liao Empress Xiao, Yelü Dashi 's first empress Xiao Tabuyan (蕭塔不煙), Yelü Dashi's second empress Empress Xiao, married to Yelü Zhilugu , emperor of Qara Khitai Filial Empress 孝皇后 [ edit ] Yu Daolian (died 366), Jin dynasty empress, posthumously known as Empress Xiao. Empress Xiaocigao (Ming dynasty) (1332–1382), wife to Hongwu Emperor. Empress Xiaocigao (Qing dynasty) (1575–1603), wife to Nurhaci, Khan of Later Jin. Empress Xiaoduanwen (1599–1649), Qing dynasty empress, wife to Hong Taiji, Qing Emperor. Empress Xiaozhuangwen (1613–1688), Qing dynasty imperial consort to Hong Taiji, Qing Emperor, posthumously created Empress by her son Shunzhi Emperor. Empress Xiaochengren (1654–1674), Qing dynasty empress, wife to Kangxi Emperor. Empress Xiaogongren (1660–1723), Qing dynasty imperial consort to Kangxi Emperor, posthumously created Empress by her son Yongzheng Emperor. Empress Xiaoshengxian (1692–1777), Qing dynasty imperial consort to Yongzheng Emperor, posthumously created Empress by her son Qianlong Emperor. Empress Xiaojingxian (1681–1731), Qing dynasty empress, wife to Yongzheng Emperor. Empress Xiaoxianchun (1712–1748), Qing dynasty empress, wife to Qianlong Emperor. Empress Xiaoyichun (1727–1775), Qing dynasty imperial consort to Qianlong Emperor, posthumously created as an empress by her son Jiaqing Emperor. Empress Xiaoshurui (1760–1797), Qing dynasty empress, first empress to Jiaqing Emperor. Empress Xiaoherui (1776–1860), Qing dynasty empress, second empress to Jiaqing Emperor. Empress Xiaoshencheng (1792–1833), Qing dynasty empress, first empress to Daoguang Emperor. Empress Xiaoquancheng (1808–1840), Qing dynasty empress, second empress to Daoguang Emperor. Empress Xiaojingcheng (1812–1855), Qing dynasty imperial consort to Daoguang Emperor, posthumously created Empress by her son Xianfeng Emperor. Empress Xiaozheyi (1854–1875), Qing dynasty empress, wife to Tongzhi Emperor. See also [ edit ] Empress Dowager Xiao (disambiguation) Consort Xiao (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
68-571: A humiliating scandal, so she warned the imperial physicians to remain silent about it. The physicians lied that the Emperor was ill with smallpox and prescribed medicine and treatment for smallpox. A court official, Yun Yuting, wrote in his memoirs that the Empress visited the Tongzhi Emperor on his sickbed while he complained about his mother's interfering and domineering ways. She was looking forward to
102-518: A plot led by the general Yuwen Huaji came to fruition, and Emperor Yang, along with his sons Yang Jian and Yang Gao and grandson Yang Tan the Prince of Yan were killed. Empress Xiao and her ladies in waiting wrapped him in a mat and made caskets for both Emperor Yang and Yang Gao. Yuwen Huaji declared Emperor Yang's nephew Yang Hao the Prince of Qin emperor, then abandoned Jiangdu and headed back north, taking Empress Xiao and her ladies in waiting north. He
136-641: A proper mourning for Emperor Yang. Subsequently, the Princess Yicheng requested that Dou send Empress Xiao to her, and Dou did so, along with Emperor Yang's daughter Princess Nanyang and the head of Yuwen Huaji. An emissary was sent to welcome her and the former Empress traveled to Tujue, North of the Great Wall . While she was in Tujue, one of Yang Jian's consorts gave birth to a posthumous son, Yang Zhengdao , whom she raised, and whom Ashina Duojishi subsequently created
170-612: A surprise attack against Yanmen Commandery in reprisal against various offenses by the emperor. Princess Yicheng sent the imperial couple advanced warning of her new husband's plans, and they were able to reach the well-fortified commandery seat at present-day Daixian in Shanxi . When Shibi Khan besieged them there on 11 September, Empress Xiao's younger brother Xiao Yu suggested seeking further assistance from Princess Yicheng, who—pursuant to Turkish custom—was entrusted with overseeing military affairs at home in her husband's absence. She sent
204-459: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Empress Xiao (Sui dynasty) Empress Xiao (蕭皇后, personal name unknown; c. March 566 – 17 April 648 ), formally Empress Min , was an empress of the Chinese Sui dynasty . Her husband was Emperor Yang of Sui . The future Empress Xiao was born into the imperial house of
238-582: The Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner Alut clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and empress consort of Zaichun, the Tongzhi Emperor . She was empress consort of Qing from 1872 until her husband's death in 1875, after which she was honoured as Empress Jiashun . Empress Xiaozheyi's personal name was not recorded in history. Her family originally belonged to the Mongol Plain Blue Banner . The future Empress Xiaozheyi
272-572: The Western Liang dynasty – as a daughter of Xiao Kui , Emperor Ming of Western Liang, who claimed the Liang throne as a vassal of Northern Zhou and then Sui. She was born in the second month of the lunar calendar, and at that time, the superstitious Emperor Ming believed birth in that month to be an indicator of ill fortune. She was therefore given to her uncle Xiao Ji ( 蕭岌 ) the Prince of Dongping to be raised, but Xiao Ji and his wife both soon died. She
306-513: The Duke of Liang (Western Liang's final emperor), officials in his government. However, Yang Zhao, who became crown prince, died in 606, and Yang Jian lost Emperor Yang's favor in 608 over his use of witchcraft against Yang Zhao's sons. Empress Xiao often accompanied Emperor Yang on his tours around the empire, and she saw that he had lost his virtues. She wrote a circumspect poem to try to get Emperor Yang to change his ways, but he either did not realize that
340-490: The Emperor and Empress to be separated, so that they could focus more on learning how to become ruling sovereigns. The Tongzhi Emperor could not cope well with loneliness so he grew more ill-tempered over time. Once, a eunuch secretly suggested to the Emperor to sneak out of the Forbidden City and visit brothels. As a result, it was assumed that the Emperor contracted syphilis . Empress Dowager Cixi regarded this incident as
374-410: The Forbidden City. Her furniture – a bed, a mirror, two wardrobes, chairs and eight marriage chests – had symbolically preceded her. After their marriage, the Tongzhi Emperor evidently preferred his empress over his four other consorts, spending almost every night with her, while the four consorts waited in vain for the Emperor to summon them. Empress Dowager Cixi was unhappy about the unfair treatment of
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#1732855118850408-911: The Prince of Sui, assigning to him as his subjects the refugees from Sui. She went to live in Dingxiang . During the years, Tujue's khans continued to use Yang Zhengdao as a magnet to attract the people to surrender, in competition to the Tang dynasty , established by the Sui general Li Yuan (Emperor Gaozu). In 630, when Emperor Gaozu's son Emperor Taizong of Tang sent the general Li Jing to attack Tujue's Jiali Khan Ashina Duobi, Ashina Duobi's associate Kangsumi ( 康蘇密 ) surrendered to Li Jing, taking Empress Xiao and Yang Zhengdao with him. Emperor Taizong's official Yang Wenguan ( 楊文瓘 ) wanted to have Empress Xiao interrogated as to whether any Tang officials had been secretly in communication with her, but Emperor Taizong refused and instead treated her with respect. Yang Zhengdao
442-418: The day the Emperor recovered and they could live and rule together. Empress Dowager Cixi, tipped off by eunuchs, entered the room in stockinged feet, and hearing the Empress's criticisms, flew into a rage and rampaged through the room, seized the Empress by the hair and hit her, shouting that by making love to the Emperor she would cause him to be ill again. She ordered the eunuchs to take her away and slap her on
476-423: The emperor's concubines. One of them was Lady Alut's aunt, Concubine Xun . Empress Dowager Cixi once complained about Lady Alut: "We made a mistake in selecting a wife for him. How could we tell that her beauty was false? She was very beautiful, but she hated us." On the night of 15 October 1872, at around 11:30 pm (an auspicious hour recommended by imperial astrologers), Lady Alut left her family residence for
510-459: The emperor's other consorts and she turned hostile towards the Empress. She warned the Empress that, as primary wife, she should allow the emperor to spend time equally among his consorts, and to not seize him for herself. Cixi also reminded the Empress that since both she and the Tongzhi Emperor were still young, they should spend more time learning how to govern the country. When she saw no signs of change in her son's attitude, Cixi eventually ordered
544-470: The face. The Tongzhi Emperor died on 12 January 1875. Some sources claim that the Empress was pregnant at the time. The Tongzhi Emperor had not chosen a successor before his death, so it was up to Empress Dowager Cixi to decide who would be the new emperor. Cixi chose her nephew Zaitian , who was enthroned as the Guangxu Emperor. The Empress was not mentioned in the crisis over the succession. Neither
578-399: The khan a false report of a northern attack on the khaganate; between this and reports of numerous Chinese reinforcements rushing to answer the emperor's call for help and extravagant promises of reward and promotion, the khan decided to lift the siege and return north. (Subsequently, though, rather than listening to Xiao Yu's advice to end his campaigns against Goguryeo , Emperor Yang expelled
612-452: The minister from his court.) By 618, with virtually entire empire engulfed in warfare from the rebellions against her husband's rule, Empress Xiao was with her husband at Jiangdu ( 江都 ), the capital of Yang Province . They were protected (as he believed) by the elite Xiaoguo Army ( 驍果 ). However, by this point, even the Xiaoguo soldiers were plotting rebellion, as they missed their families in
646-415: The north. When a lady in waiting reported the plot to Empress Xiao, she told the lady in waiting, "I will let you report it to the emperor." Emperor Yang, not willing to hear any bad news, however, instead executed the lady in waiting. Later, when other ladies in waiting wanted to report on the plot, Empress Xiao advised them against it, reasoning that there was nothing left that could save the dynasty. Soon,
680-499: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Empress Xiao . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empress_Xiao&oldid=1190197128 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Title and name disambiguation pages Lists of empresses by surname Hidden categories: Short description
714-418: The servant girls stay with Princess Xiao despite their inferior status. Eventually, Emperor Wen deposed Yang Guang's older brother Yang Yong (whose faults, in his parents' eyes, were wastefulness (which displeased Emperor Wen) and having many concubines (which displeased Empress Dugu)) from his position as crown prince in 600 and created Yang Guang crown prince to replace him. Thereafter, Princess Xiao carried
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#1732855118850748-496: The title of crown princess. She and Yang Guang had two sons together – Yang Zhao and Yang Jian (note different character than Emperor Wen, whose name is also rendered "Yang Jian" in pinyin ); it is likely that Yang Guang's only known daughter, the later Princess Nanyang, was also her daughter. (Yang Guang's third and final son, Yang Gao , was born of a Consort Xiao, who might have been a sister of hers.) Emperor Wen died in 604—a death that traditional historians generally believe
782-464: Was a murder ordered by Yang Guang, although they admit a lack of direct evidence—and Yang Guang took the throne as Emperor Yang. In 605, he created Crown Princess Xiao empress. He soon turned away from the virtuous living style he engaged in to please his parents, and he lived luxuriously, with tens of thousands of women filling his palaces. He still maintained respect for Empress Xiao, and he made many of her relatives, including her older brother Xiao Cong
816-495: Was an argument between the Empresses Dowager Cixi and Ci'an over the choice of empress. Ci'an, who favored Lady Alut, claimed that the empress should possess high moral standards, while Cixi felt that the empress should be wise and shrewd. The conflict was resolved by the Tongzhi Emperor when he eventually chose Lady Alut to be his empress. Cixi was displeased with her son's decision. Another four candidates chosen became
850-557: Was born on the first day of the seventh lunar month in the fourth year of the reign of the Xianfeng Emperor , which translates to 25 July 1854 in the Gregorian calendar . Lady Alut was tutored by her father since she was young and she demonstrated high potential and intelligence as a child. She also showed interest and talent in poetry, literature, music and art. Under the tutelage of her father, she learned to write with both hands. She
884-554: Was famous among the Manchu aristocracy for her talent, moral character and looks. In 1872, Lady Alut was chosen to be empress consort by the Tongzhi Emperor . She was specially chosen to help in the reconciliation of rivals in the Qing imperial court. Lady Alut's maternal grandfather, Duanhua , was a former political rival of the emperor's mother, Empress Dowager Cixi . It was said that there
918-567: Was given an honorific official post. As Empress Xiao's brother Xiao Yu was an important official under both Emperors Gaozu and Taizong, she maintained some degree of honor at the Tang capital Chang'an , and she was subsequently in charge of Emperor Yang's reburial with honor. She died on 17 April 648 in Chang'an and was buried with honors due an empress, at Jiangdu with Emperor Yang. Empress Xiaozheyi Empress Xiaozheyi (25 July 1854 – 27 March 1875), of
952-540: Was her intent, or simply ignored the poem. In 607, when Emperor Yang visited the submissive Qimin Khan of the Eastern Turkish Khaganate ( Tujue ), Empress Xiao accompanied him and she personally visited the tent of the khan's wife Princess Yicheng, who was a daughter of a Yang clansman. In 615, when Emperor Yang and Empress Xiao were touring the northern frontier, Qimin Khan's son and successor Shibi Khan launched
986-454: Was instead raised by her maternal uncle Zhang Ke ( 張軻 ). As Zhang was poor, she had to participate in labor, and she willingly did so. In 582, Emperor Wen of Sui , because Emperor Ming had supported him during Northern Zhou's civil war in 580 against the general Yuchi Jiong , wanted to take one of Emperor Ming's daughters to be the wife of his son Yang Guang, the Prince of Jin. Emperor Ming had fortunetellers discern whether any of his daughters
1020-459: Was not a good commander or governor, however, and his campaign north suffered constant defections and defeats. By fall 618, he was in a desperate situation, and deciding to become emperor before final defeat, he poisoned Yang Hao and declared a new state of Xu with himself as emperor. In 619, Yuwen Huaji was captured and executed by one of the rebel leaders, Dou Jiande the Prince of Xia. Dou treated Empress Xiao with kindness and respect while giving
1054-526: Was pleased with her, and Yang Guang favored and respected her. Further, in order to please his mother Empress Dugu , who disfavored men who had concubines , Yang Guang, while having some concubines, pretended to have none beside Princess Xiao, and as part of his elaborate attempt to appear both filially pious and frugal, when Empress Dugu's servant girls arrived at Yang Guang's defense post at Yang Province (揚州, roughly modern Yangzhou , Jiangsu ) to deliver messages to and from Empress Dugu, Yang Guang would have
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1088-414: Was she granted the title of Empress Dowager, which was customary after the death of an emperor. She received the title "Empress Jiashun" instead. Within 100 days of the death of the Tongzhi Emperor, Empress Dowager Cixi pushed the blame of the emperor's death on Empress Jiashun. She ordered Empress Jiashun's food rations to be reduced. Empress Jiashun wrote a letter to her father asking for help, but his reply
1122-474: Was simply, "Your Highness knows what to do." It was said that the empress committed suicide but official court records state that she died after a long and serious illness. Empress Dowager Cixi granted her the posthumous title "Empress Xiaozheyi". In 1876, a censor to the throne wrote that Empress Xiaozheyi should be posthumously honored for being a virtuous wife who had committed suicide after her husband's death. Empress Dowager Cixi rebuked him curtly for writing
1156-404: Was suitable, but the fortunetellers ruled that none was suitable. Emperor Ming then welcomed her back from Zhang's house, and the fortunetellers found her to be suitable, and so she was given to Yang Guang in marriage. She thereafter carried the title of Princess of Jin. Princess Xiao was said to be meek and intelligent, and she was talented both in reading text and in fortunetelling. Emperor Wen
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