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20-490: The causes of the Muscovite War of Succession waged in the second quarter of the 15th century are still disputed. No small part, however, was played by Dmitri Donskoi 's will, which ran contrary to Rurikid dynastic custom whereby the throne would pass from an elder brother to a younger one ( agnatic seniority ), rather than from father to son ( primogeniture ). The testament provided for the accession of his son, Vasily I, which

40-546: A princess of Yaroslavl , but was accused of siding with Kosoy and taken prisoner. He was released on the eve of a decisive clash between Vasily II and Vasily Kosoy. This action of Vasily II was successful - Shemyaka and his people did not help Vasily Kosoy and so he was completely defeated in the battle on the Cheryokha River in 1436, captured and blinded. Soon after, Shemyaka entered into an agreement with Vasily II, recognizing him as his suzerain ("older brother"). Next year, he

60-494: A wooden palisade, although stone towers and walls were built in 1302. Archbishop Vasily Kalika (1330–1352) rebuilt the stone wall along the eastern side of the Detinets in 1331–1335. The rest was completed in stone only in 1400. Under the rule of Archbishop Evfimy II (1429–1458), a council hall for the nobility council and a clocktower were built in the episcopal compound in 1433 and 1436 respectively. The council hall, now called

80-507: The Cathedral of Holy Wisdom upon his arrival in the area in 989 or so. Thus the compound was and remained largely an ecclesiastical site, although many Novgorodian boyars built their houses in the southern part of the Detinets . The first reference of the fortification on the site dates to 1044, with additional construction taking place in 1116. These were probably earthen embankments topped by

100-518: The Grand Duchy of Lithuania , where they were given Rylsk and Novgorod-Seversky in appanage. Shemyaka's male line died out by 1561, but there are many living descendants from his daughter's marriage to Prince Alexander Chertoryzhsky . Shemyaka's name survives in the Russian expression "Shemyakin sud" ("Shemyaka's Justice", "Shemyaka's Judgement"), which means hasty and unfair judgement. It comes from

120-589: The Novgorod Kremlin (Russian: Новгородский кремль , romanized:  Novgorodskiy kreml' ), is a fortified complex ( detinets ) in Veliky Novgorod , Russia . It stands on the left bank of the Volkhov River about two miles north of where it empties out of Lake Ilmen . The compound was originally the site of a pagan burial ground upon which the first bishop of Novgorod, Ioakim Korsunianin , built

140-817: The 17th century literary work The Tale of Shemyaka's Judgement (see its translation here). However modern researchers question the identification of Dmitry Shemyaka with Judge Shemyaka in the tale. Muscovite War of Succession Too Many Requests If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.151 via cp1112 cp1112, Varnish XID 397312359 Upstream caches: cp1112 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Fri, 29 Nov 2024 05:49:52 GMT Novgorod Kremlin The Novgorod Detinets ( Russian : Новгородский детинец , romanized :  Novgorodskiy detinets ), also known as

160-518: The Detinets that has been left a park. There are numerous references in the chronicles to no longer extant buildings, including chapels over the gates (there were six in the republican period) and the Church of Sts. Boris and Gleb, built by Sitko Sitinits, who is thought to be the historic source for the legendary Sadko . An eternal flame to the soldiers of the German-Soviet War can be seen just inside

180-565: The Episcopal Chamber or the Chamber of Facets due to its elaborate Gothic vaults, is one of the easternmost examples of Brick Gothic . In 1437, part of Vasily's walls collapsed into the Volkhov River and were rebuilt by Evfimy II, too. The fortress was rebuilt between 1484 and 1490 by Muscovite builders in the wake of Grand Prince Ivan III's conquest of the city in 1478; a third of it

200-573: The administrative building of Novgorod. The museum houses a fine icon collection and other artifacts from the city's history. Several smaller churches (the Church of the Intercession of the Mother of God along the southwestern wall near the Pokrovskii (Intercession) and Kokui towers, and the Church of St. Andrew Stratilates near the southeastern wall, and other buildings are found south of the museum, an area of

220-453: The grand princely throne, and was seldom at peace with Vasily II. Initially, Dmitry and his younger brother Dmitry Krasny concluded an alliance with Vasily against their elder brother Vasily Kosoy , who had proclaimed himself grand prince. They succeeded in driving Kosoy from Moscow and were rewarded with the towns of Uglich and Rzhev . The following year Shemyaka came to Moscow in order to invite Vasily II to his impending wedding with

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240-652: The long-held custom of lateral inheritance. (He further claimed it was provided for in Dmitry's testament – but this ignored the provision that voided Yury's succession in the event of Vasily I producing a son). Yury's son, Dmitry Shemyaka, actively participated in all of his father's incursions against Moscow, culminating in Yury's capture of Moscow and accession as grand prince in 1433. Yury of Zvenigorod died in Moscow in 1434. After Yury's death, Shemyaka continued to press his branch's claim to

260-512: The throne before him.) Shemyaka's lack of support among the Muscovite boyars forced him, however, to leave the city for Lake Chukhloma , but he continued to press his claim to the grand princely throne. Despite several peace treaties, Shemyaka continued to plot against his cousin. He suffered a series of defeats in 1450 and 1452 which forced him to seek refuge in Novgorod . There, on July 17, 1453, he

280-689: The top. The walls are 1,487 metres in circumference. The main buildings in the Detinets are the Cathedral of Holy Wisdom and the archiepiscopal/metropolitan compound in the northwestern corner. To the south of this, across the plaza in which stands the Monument to the Thousand Years of Russia , is the Novgorod Museum and the Novgorod Regional Library, housed in what had in the imperial period been

300-506: Was buried in the Church of St. George in the Yuriev Monastery south of Novgorod, however, twentieth-century archaeological excavations of the necropolis of the Cathedral of Holy Wisdom in the Novgorod Kremlin suggest that the prince was actually buried there and his grave has been misidentified since at least 1616 as that of Prince Fedor Yaroslavich (died 1233). In the aftermath of Shemyaka's murder, his wife and son fled Novgorod to

320-505: Was paid for by the Novgorodian archbishop Gennady , a Muscovite appointee (1484–1504). It is a large oval 545 metres long and 240 metres wide with nine surviving towers (three additional towers have not survived). The tallest tower, the Kokui tower, is capped by a silver dome. It was built in the 18th century, and its name is of Swedish origin. Today it is possible to enter this tower and climb to

340-565: Was poisoned while eating a dinner of chicken in the Gorodishche, the princely compound south of the Market side of the city, his cook having been bribed by Muscovite agents. Delighted at the news, Vasily II ennobled a herald who had first brought him the message of Shemyaka's death. Nikolai Karamzin famously wrote in his history that the grand prince showed "indecent joy" at the news of his rival's untimely demise. According to chronicle sources, Shemyaka

360-413: Was sent by Vasily II to expel the exiled Golden Horde Khan Ulugh Muhammad , but was defeated in the battle of Belyov . When Ulugh Muhammad in his turn besieged Moscow in 1439, Dmitry didn't send his troops to Vasily and only the mediation of a Trinity hegumen could forestall a new civil war between the cousins. The two men maintained an uneasy peace for much of the next decade until 1445, when Vasily II

380-449: Was still in keeping with the tradition of lateral succession since Vasily was the eldest of his generation. In the event of Vasily having no surviving son at his death, his brother, Dmitry's second son, Yury of Zvenigorod , was to succeed as grand prince in Moscow. Upon Vasily I 's death, however, Yury refused to come to Moscow and swear allegiance to his nephew, Vasily II , and claimed the throne himself in accordance with his right under

400-508: Was taken prisoner by Olug Moxammat after the Muscovite forces were surprised by the Tatar prince outside Suzdal, Shemyaka seized Moscow , had the recently released Vasily blinded and proclaimed himself the Grand Prince of Vladimir. He could claim this by right of lateral inheritance since his father had sat on the throne. (A prince was excluded from the succession (izgoi) if his father had not sat on

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