Andrew Wellington Cordier (March 1, 1901 – July 11, 1975) was a United Nations official and President of Columbia University .
66-1528: Cordier , De Cordier is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include: Andrew W. Cordier (1901–1975), American administrator Balthasar Cordier (1592–1650), Belgian theologian Baude Cordier (c. 1380–before 1440), French composer Charles Henri Joseph Cordier (1827–1905), French sculptor David Cordier (born 1959), English countertenor Douglas Cordier (born 1953), American politician Henri Cordier (1849–1925), French historian, author of comments on Travels of Marco Polo Henri Cordier (mountaineer) (1856–1877), French mountaineer Jacques Cordier ( c. 1580 – 1653), French dancing master and violinist John Cordier (1942–2002), Belgian businessman Joseph Cordier (1773–?), Acting Governor General of Pondicherry Louis Cordier (1777–1861), French geologist and mineralogist Marie-Odile Cordier (born 1950), French computer scientist Mathurin Cordier (1480–1564) (pen name Corderius), French pedagogue Michaël Cordier (born 1984), Belgian footballer Nicolas Cordier (1567–1612), sculptor from Lorraine working in Rome Noëlle Cordier (born 1944), French singer Patrick Cordier (alpinist) Patrick Cordier (mineralogist) Pierre Cordier (born 1933), Belgian artist Thierry De Cordier [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with
132-969: A Restructured University (SRU) which was led by Neal H. Hurwitz, and speaking out against U.S. involvement in Vietnam. Columbia College awarded him its highest honor, the Alexander Hamilton Medal, in 1970. In 1975, at the age of 74, Cordier died of cirrhosis of the liver at the Manhasset Medical Center on Long Island. His undergraduate alma mater, Manchester University, located in North Manchester, Indiana named its 1100-seat auditorium in his honor. * indicates acting or interim president or chancellor Sudetenland The Sudetenland ( / s uː ˈ d eɪ t ən l æ n d / soo- DAY -tən-land , German: [zuˈdeːtn̩ˌlant] ; Czech and Slovak : Sudety )
198-544: A consequence of the immense hostility against all Germans that had grown within Czechoslovakia because many of them had helped the Nazis, the overwhelming majority of Germans were expelled though the relevant Czechoslovak legislation had provided for Germans to remain if they could prove their anti-Nazi affiliation. The number of expelled Germans in the early phase (spring-summer 1945) is estimated to be around 500,000 people. After
264-704: A dissertation on the reconstruction of southern France after the Albigensian Crusades . He married the former Dorothy Butterbaugh in 1924. He studied at the Graduate Institute of International Studies in Switzerland in 1930–1931 where he made surveys of the situations in the Sudetenland , Danzig , and the Chaco War . From 1927 to 1944, Cordier was a professor at his alma mater Manchester College and chair of
330-651: A few weeks later, the Kristallnacht occurred. As elsewhere in Germany, many synagogues were set on fire and numerous leading Jews were sent to concentration camps . Jews and Czechs were not the only afflicted peoples since German socialists, communists and pacifists were widely persecuted as well. Some of the German socialists fled the Sudetenland via Prague and London to other countries. The Gleichschaltung would permanently alter
396-680: A larger classification of three groupings of Germans within the Austro-Hungarian Empire, which also included " Alpine Deutschen " ( Alpine Germans ) in what later became the Republic of Austria and " Balkandeutsche " ( Balkan Germans ) in Hungary and the regions east of it. Of these three terms, only the term " Sudetendeutsche " survived, because of the ethnic and cultural conflicts within Bohemia. During World War I , what later became known as
462-824: A separation of the German-inhabited regions from Czechoslovakia. According to Elizabeth Wiskemann , despite the initial resistance to the Czechoslovak rule, the Sudeten German population was not entirely opposed to annexation by Czechoslovakia. Sudeten economy and industry relied on the rest of Bohemia, and local industrialists were afraid of "Reich German competition and therefore of the talk of handing them over". Many Sudeten Germans also opposed joining Austria, arguing that being incorporated into Austria would turn Sudeten lands into "economically helpless Austrian enclaves". Because of this, Sudetenland becoming part of Czechoslovakia
528-598: A special representative of the Secretary General in the Korean War and the Suez Canal and Congo crises . Cordier was dubbed a "demon parliamentarian" for his ability to cite the specific rules governing matters of procedure on the spot. Cordier is noted for convincing Dean Rusk and Ambassador Yakov Malik to meet in the basement of his Great Neck, New York home to discuss how to lessen U.S.–Soviet tensions. Cordier
594-583: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Andrew W. Cordier Cordier was born on a farm near Canton, Ohio , and attended high school in Hartville, Ohio , where he became quarterback of the football team and valedictorian of his graduating class. He graduated in 1922 from Manchester University in Indiana and went on to earn a Ph.D. in medieval history at the University of Chicago in 1927 with
660-566: Is the historical German name for the northern, southern, and western areas of former Czechoslovakia which were inhabited primarily by Sudeten Germans . These German speakers had predominated in the border districts of Bohemia , Moravia , and Czech Silesia since the Middle Ages . Since the 9th century the Sudetenland had been an integral part of the Czech state (first within the Duchy of Bohemia and later
726-750: The Bohemian-Moravian Highlands and the northern Meissen region beyond the Ore Mountains . In the course of the Ostsiedlung (settlement of the east) German settlement from the 13th century onwards continued to move into the Upper Lusatia region and the duchies of Silesia north of the Sudetes mountain range. From as early as the second half of the 13th century onwards these Bohemian border regions were settled by ethnic Germans , who were invited by
SECTION 10
#1732852276770792-680: The Duchy and the Kingdom of Bohemia (Crown of Saint Václav) had since the Migration Period been settled mainly by western Slavic Czechs . Along the Bohemian Forest in the west, the Czech lands bordered on the German Slavic tribes (German Sorbs) stem duchies of Bavaria and Franconia ; marches of the medieval German kingdom had also been established in the adjacent Austrian lands south of
858-463: The Kingdom of Bohemia ) both geographically and politically. The word "Sudetenland" did not come into being until the early part of the 20th century and did not come to prominence until almost two decades into the century, after World War I , when Austria-Hungary was dismembered and the Sudeten Germans found themselves living in the new country of Czechoslovakia . The Sudeten crisis of 1938
924-590: The Marcomanni dominated the entire core of the region in later centuries. Those tribes already built cities like Brno , but moved west during the Migration Period . In the 7th century AD Slavic people moved in and were united under Samo 's realm. Later in the High Middle Ages Germans settled into the less populated border region. In the Middle Ages the regions situated on the mountainous border of
990-592: The Paris Peace Conference issued a declaration, which gave unanimous support for "unity of Czech lands". In particular the declaration stated: The Commission was... unanimous in its recommendation that the separation of all areas inhabited by the German-Bohemians would not only expose Czechoslovakia to great dangers but equally create great difficulties for the Germans themselves. The only practicable solution
1056-694: The Přemyslid Bohemian kings—especially by Ottokar II (1253–1278) and Wenceslaus II (1278–1305). After the extinction of the Přemyslid dynasty in 1306, the Bohemian nobility backed John of Luxembourg as king against his rival Duke Henry of Carinthia . In 1322 King John of Bohemia acquired (for the third time) the formerly Imperial Egerland region in the west and vassalized most of the Piast Silesian duchies, as acknowledged by King Casimir III of Poland by
1122-662: The Secretary General 's responsibilities after the death of Dag Hammarskjöld . After leaving the United Nations, Cordier joined Columbia University as the Dean of the School of International Affairs (SIA), serving in that role from 1962 to 1972. When Grayson L. Kirk resigned in 1968, Cordier assumed the presidency on an interim basis while remaining Dean of SIA. The trustees were sufficiently pleased with his work that they gave him
1188-608: The Slovak Republic (Slovak State), a satellite state allied to Germany. (The Ruthenian part, Subcarpathian Rus, made also an attempt to declare its sovereignty as Carpatho-Ukraine but only with ephemeral success since the area was soon annexed by Hungary .) Although "Henlein and the SdP had become accessories in Hitler's escalating campaign to annex the Sudetenland to the German Reich" by
1254-460: The cession of the Sudetenland. Three days later, French Prime Minister Édouard Daladier did the same. No Czechoslovak representative was invited to the discussions. Germany was now able to walk into the Sudetenland without firing a shot. Chamberlain met Hitler in Godesberg on 22 September 1938 to confirm the agreements. Hitler, aiming to use the crisis as a pretext for war, now demanded not only
1320-470: The surname Cordier . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cordier&oldid=1233640584 " Categories : Surnames French-language surnames Occupational surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description
1386-607: The 1335 Treaty of Trentschin . His son, Bohemian King Charles IV , was elected King of the Romans in 1346 and crowned Holy Roman Emperor in 1355. He added the Lusatias to the Lands of the Bohemian Crown , which then comprised large territories with a significant German population. In the hilly border regions German settlers established major manufactures of forest glass . The situation of
SECTION 20
#17328522767701452-476: The 2021 census, 24,632 people in the Czech Republic claimed German ethnicity, out of which 15,504 in combination with another ethnicity. ČSR; boundaries and government established by the 1920 constitution . Annexed by Nazi Germany . ČSR; included the autonomous regions of Slovakia and Subcarpathian Ruthenia. Annexed by Hungary (1939–1945). ČSR; declared a "people's democracy" (without
1518-552: The Beneš decrees, nearly all Germans were expelled starting in 1946 and in 1950 only 159,938 (from 3,149,820 in 1930) still lived in the Czech Republic. The remaining Germans, who were proven antifascists and skilled laborers, were allowed to stay in Czechoslovakia but were later forcefully dispersed within the country. Some German refugees from Czechoslovakia are represented by the Sudetendeutsche Landsmannschaft . Many of
1584-628: The Cabinet on his return to the United Kingdom, is found in the Document CC 39(38). Lord Runciman expressed sadness that he could not bring about agreement with the various parties, but he agreed with Lord Halifax that the time that had been gained was important. He reported on the situation of the Sudeten Germans and gave details of four plans that had been proposed to deal with the crisis, each of which had points that, he reported, made it unacceptable to
1650-635: The Czechoslovak military to start to build extensive border fortifications in 1936 to defend the troubled border region. Immediately after the Anschluss of Austria into the German Reich in March 1938, Hitler made himself the advocate of ethnic Germans living in Czechoslovakia, which triggered the Sudeten Crisis. The following month, Sudeten Nazis, led by Konrad Henlein , agitated for autonomy. On 24 April 1938,
1716-592: The Czechs and the German-speaking minority lingered on throughout the 1920s and intensified in the 1930s. During the Great Depression , the mostly-mountainous regions populated by the German minority, together with other peripheral regions of Czechoslovakia , were hurt by the economic depression more than the interior of the country was. Unlike the less developed regions ( Carpathian Ruthenia , Moravian Wallachia ),
1782-569: The Empire. In 1749, the Austrian Empire enforced German as the official language again. Emperor Joseph II in 1780 renounced the coronation ceremony as Bohemian king and unsuccessfully tried to push German through as sole official language in all Habsburg lands (including Hungary). Nevertheless, German cultural influence grew stronger during the Age of Enlightenment and Weimar Classicism . Contrastingly, in
1848-766: The German population was aggravated by the Hussite Wars (1419–1434), though there were also some Germans among the Hussite insurgents. By then Germans largely settled the hilly Bohemian border regions as well as the cities of the lowlands; mainly people of Bavarian descent in the South Bohemian and South Moravian Region , in Brno , Jihlava , České Budějovice and the West Bohemian Plzeň Region ; Franconian people in Žatec ; Upper Saxons in adjacent North Bohemia , where
1914-429: The Germans in the Sudetenland. Runciman's first day included meetings with President Beneš and Prime Minister Milan Hodža as well as a direct meeting with the Sudeten Germans from Henlein's SdP. On the next day, he met with Dr and Mme Beneš and later met non-Nazi Germans in his hotel. A full account of his report, including summaries of the conclusions of his meetings with the various parties, which he made in person to
1980-464: The Germans who stayed in Czechoslovakia later emigrated to West Germany (more than 100,000). As the German population was transferred out of the country, the former Sudetenland was resettled mostly by Czechs but also by other nationalities of Czechoslovakia: Slovaks , Greeks (arriving in the wake of the Greek Civil War 1946–49), Carpathian Ruthenians , Romani people and Jews who had survived
2046-628: The Germans' right to self-determination and uniting all German-speaking areas with either Germany or Austria, with the exception of northern Bohemia. However, the American delegation at the Paris talks decided not to follow Coolidge's proposal. Allen Dulles was the American's chief diplomat in the Czechoslovak Commission and emphasized preserving the unity of the Czech lands. Four regional governmental units were established: The U.S. commission to
Cordier - Misplaced Pages Continue
2112-636: The Holocaust , and Hungarians (though the Hungarians were forced into that and later returned home—see Hungarians in Slovakia: Population exchanges ). Some areas, such as part of Czech Silesian-Moravian borderland, southwestern Bohemia ( Šumava National Park ), western and northern parts of Bohemia, remained depopulated for several strategic reasons (extensive mining and military interests) or are now protected national parks and landscapes. Moreover, before
2178-613: The Kingdom of Hungary, was proclaimed. The German deputies of Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia in the Imperial Council ( Reichsrat ) referred to the Fourteen Points of US President Woodrow Wilson and the right proposed therein to self-determination and attempted to negotiate the union of the German-speaking territories with the new Republic of German Austria , which itself aimed at joining Weimar Germany . The German-speaking parts of
2244-757: The Luxembourgs, rule over Bohemia passed through George of Podiebrad to the Jagiellon dynasty and finally to the House of Habsburg in 1526. Both Czech and German Bohemians suffered heavily in the Thirty Years' War . Bohemia lost 70% of its population. From the defeat of the Bohemian Revolt that collapsed at the 1620 Battle of White Mountain , the Habsburgs gradually integrated the Kingdom of Bohemia into their monarchy . During
2310-401: The SdP proclaimed the Karlsbader Programm , which demanded in eight points the complete equality between the Sudeten Germans and the Czech people. The government accepted those claims on 30 June 1938. In August, British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain sent Lord Runciman on a mission to Czechoslovakia to see if he could obtain a settlement between the Czechoslovak government and
2376-423: The Sudetenland experienced a rate of war deaths that was higher than most other German-speaking areas of Austria-Hungary and exceeded only by German South Moravia and Carinthia . Thirty-four of each 1,000 inhabitants were killed. Austria-Hungary broke apart at the end of World War I. In late October 1918, an independent Czechoslovak state, consisting of the lands of the Bohemian kingdom and areas belonging to
2442-437: The Sudetenland had a high concentration of vulnerable export-dependent industries (such as glass works, textile industry , paper-making and toy-making industry). Sixty percent of the bijouterie and glassmaking industry were located in the Sudetenland, and 69% of employees in the sector were German-speaking according to mother tongue, and 95% of bijouterie and 78% of other glassware was produced for export. The glass-making sector
2508-439: The Sudetenland to Germany or face war. To achieve a solution, the Italian dictator, Benito Mussolini , suggested a conference of the major powers in Munich , and on 29 September, Hitler, Daladier and Chamberlain met and agreed to Mussolini's proposal (actually prepared by Hermann Göring ) and signed the Munich Agreement . They accepted the immediate occupation of the Sudetenland. The Czechoslovak government, though not party to
2574-425: The annexation of the Sudetenland but also the immediate military occupation of Bohemia, Moravia and Slovakia, thus giving the Czechoslovak army no time to adapt its defence measures to the new borders. Hitler, in a speech at the Sportpalast in Berlin, claimed that the Sudetenland was "the last territorial demand I have to make in Europe" and gave Czechoslovakia a deadline of 28 September 1938 at 2:00 p.m. to cede
2640-404: The annexed territories were divided, with the southern parts being incorporated into the neighbouring Reichsgaue of Niederdonau , Oberdonau and Bayerische Ostmark . The northern and the western parts were reorganised as the Reichsgau Sudetenland , with the city of Reichenberg (present-day Liberec ) established as its capital. Konrad Henlein (now openly a NSDAP member) administered
2706-421: The border with the Saxon Electorate was fixed by the 1459 Peace of Eger ; Germanic Silesians in the adjacent Sudetes region with the County of Kladsko , in the Moravian–Silesian Region , in Svitavy and Olomouc . The city of Prague had a German-speaking majority from the last third of the 17th century until 1860, but after 1910 the proportion of German speakers had decreased to 6.7% of the population. From
Cordier - Misplaced Pages Continue
2772-401: The border zone, a status that remained until the Velvet Revolution in 1989. There remained areas with noticeable German minorities in the westernmost borderland around Cheb , where skilled ethnic German miners and workers continued in mining and industry, until 1955, as sanctioned under the Yalta Conference protocols; in the Egerland , German minority organizations continue to exist. In
2838-402: The building of a German nation state, the Czech-speaking population insisted on keeping Bohemia out of such plans. The Bohemian Kingdom remained a part of the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary until its dismemberment after the World War I. In the wake of growing nationalism, the name " Sudetendeutsche " (Sudeten Germans) emerged by the early 20th century. It originally constituted part of
2904-401: The community in the Sudetenland. However, on 4 December 1938, there were elections in Reichsgau Sudetenland in which 97.32% of the adult population voted for the NSDAP . About a half million Sudeten Germans joined the Nazi Party , 17.34% of the total German population in the Sudetenland (the average NSDAP membership participation in Germany was merely 7.85% in 1944). That means the Sudetenland
2970-435: The course of the Romanticism movement national tensions arose, both in the form of the Austroslavism ideology developed by Czech politicians like František Palacký and Pan-Germanist activist raising the German question . Conflicts between Czech and German nationalists emerged in the 19th century, for instance in the Revolutions of 1848 : while the German-speaking population of Bohemia and Moravia wanted to participate in
3036-476: The department of history and political science, also teaching at Indiana University extension. He became an international security advisor at the U.S. State Department in 1944 and was part of the U.S. delegation to the San Francisco Conference . The State Department sent him to London in 1945 to help organize the United Nations . From 1946 to 1961, Cordier served as Undersecretary in Charge of General Assembly and Related Affairs and took on assignments as
3102-415: The district first as Reichskommissar (until 1 May 1939) and then as Reichsstatthalter (1 May 1939 – 4 May 1945). The Sudetenland consisted of three administrative districts ( Regierungsbezirke ): Eger (with Karlsbad as capital), Aussig ( Aussig ) and Troppau ( Troppau ). Before the occupation, Jews in the area had become targeted during the Holocaust in the Sudetenland . Only
3168-411: The establishment of the Iron Curtain in 1952 to 1955, the so-called "forbidden zone" was established by means of engineer equipment up to 2 km (1.2 mi) from the border in which no civilians could reside. A wider region, or "border zone", existed up to 12 km (7 miles) from the border in which no "disloyal" or "suspect" civilians could reside or work. Thus, the entire Aš-Bulge fell within
3234-405: The former Lands of the Bohemian Crown remained in a newly-created Czechoslovakia , a multi-ethnic state of several nations: Czechs , Germans , Slovaks , Hungarians , Poles and Ruthenians . On 20 September 1918, the Prague government asked for the opinion of the United States on the Sudetenland. Wilson sent Ambassador Archibald Coolidge into Czechoslovakia. Coolidge insisted on respecting
3300-425: The former Sudetenland. The areas later known as the Sudetenland never formed a single historical region , which makes it difficult to distinguish the history of the Sudetenland separately from that of Bohemia until the advent of nationalism in the 19th century. The Celtic and Boii tribes settled there and the region was first mentioned on the map of Ptolemaios in the 2nd century AD. The Germanic tribe of
3366-450: The liberation of Czechoslovakia in May 1945, the use of the term Sudety (Sudetenland) in official communications was banned and replaced by the term pohraniční území (border territory). The Berlin Declaration of 5 June 1945 disabled German annexation of Sudetenland legally. In the summer of 1945, the Potsdam Conference decided that Sudeten Germans would have to leave Czechoslovakia (see flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–50) ). As
SECTION 50
#17328522767703432-513: The mainstream wing of Henlein's party was "not striving for annexation to Germany, but for genuine autonomy", and the majority of negotiators who conducted talks with Hodža and Beneš belonged to the pro-autonomy wing and were unaware of Henlein's agreements with Hitler. Part of the borderland had an ethnic Polish majority and was invaded and annexed by Poland in 1938. The Sudetenland was initially put under military administration, with General Wilhelm Keitel as military governor. On 14 April 1939,
3498-441: The other parties to the negotiations. The four plans included, first, the transfer of the Sudetenland to the Reich, second, holding a plebiscite on the transfer of the Sudetenland to the Reich, third, organising a Four-Power Conference on the matter and, fourth, creating a federal Czechoslovakia. At the meeting, he said that he was very reluctant to offer his own solution and had not seen that as his task. The most that Halifax said
3564-433: The permanent title in 1969; Cordier accepted on the condition that the search for a new president continue. He was president until 1970, when he was succeeded by William J. McGill . Cordier continued as Dean of SIA after leaving the president's office. As president he enjoyed moderate success in dealing with student unrest and unhappiness by maintaining an open-door policy, attending student rallies sponsored by Students for
3630-405: The presence of more than 90% (as of 1921) ethnic Germans, which led to the presence of 23.4% of Germans in all of Czechoslovakia, on the grounds they had always been part of lands of the Bohemian Crown. The Treaty of Saint-Germain in 1919 affirmed the inclusion of the German-speaking territories within Czechoslovakia. Over the next two decades, some Germans in the Sudetenland continued to strive for
3696-489: The region today is inhabited almost exclusively by Czech speakers. The word Sudetenland is a German compound of Land , meaning "country", and Sudeten , the name of the Sudeten Mountains , which run along the northern Czech border and Lower Silesia (now in Poland ). The Sudetenland encompassed areas well beyond those mountains, however. Parts of the now-Czech regions of Karlovy Vary , Liberec , Olomouc , Moravia-Silesia , South Moravia and Ústí nad Labem are within
3762-399: The subsequent Counter-Reformation , less populated areas were resettled with Catholic Germans from the Austrian lands. From 1627, the Habsburgs enforced the so-called Verneuerte Landesordnung ("Renewed Land's Constitution"), and one of its consequences was that German, according to mother tongue, gradually became the primary and official language, while Czech declined to a secondary role in
3828-529: The summer of 1938, the supporters of the SdP supported autonomy within Czechoslovakia rather than annexation into Germany. Contemporary reports of The Times found that there was a "large number of Sudetenlanders who actively opposed annexation", and that the pro-German policy was challenged by the moderates within the SdP as well; according to Wickham Steed , over 50% of Henlein's supporters favoured greater autonomy within Czechoslovakia rather than joining Germany. Sudeten German historian Emil Franzel argues that
3894-424: The talks, submitted to compulsion and promised to abide by the agreement on 30 September. The Sudetenland was assigned to Germany between 1 and 10 October 1938. The Czech part of Czechoslovakia was subsequently invaded by Germany in March 1939, with a portion being annexed and the remainder turned into the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia . The Slovak part declared its independence from Czechoslovakia and became
3960-569: Was affected by decreased spending power and by protective measures in other countries, and many German workers lost their work. The high unemployment, as well as the imposition of Czech in schools and all public spaces, made people more open to populist and extremist movements such as fascism , communism and German irredentism . In those years, parties of German nationalists and later the Sudeten German Party (SdP), with its radical demands gained immense popularity, among Germans in Czechoslovakia . The increasing aggressiveness of Hitler prompted
4026-401: Was considered responsible for facilitating the first US-supported coup against Congo Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba by closing airports and radio stations to him while his opponents had such facilities available to them. Both Belgian and UN documents show Cordier as doing this purposefully. In 1962, Cordier resigned from his post after the Soviets criticized him for usurping too many of
SECTION 60
#17328522767704092-458: Was one of the most pro-Nazi regions of Nazi Germany. Because of their knowledge of the Czech language , many Sudeten Germans were employed in the administration of the ethnic Czech Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia as well as in Nazi organizations (Gestapo etc.). The most notable one was Karl Hermann Frank , the SS and police general and Secretary of State in the Protectorate. Nazi Germany occupied Sudetenland from 1938–1945. Shortly after
4158-416: Was provoked by the Pan-Germanist demands of Nazi Germany that the Sudetenland be annexed to Germany, which happened after the later Munich Agreement . Part of the borderland was invaded and annexed by Poland . Afterwards, the formerly unrecognized Sudetenland became an administrative division of Germany. When Czechoslovakia was reconstituted after World War II , the Sudeten Germans were expelled and
4224-519: Was that the great centres of opposition were in Eger and Asch , in the northwestern corner of Bohemia, where about 800,000 Germans and very few others lived. Halifax said that the transfer of these areas to Germany would almost certainly be a good thing adding that the Czechoslovak army would certainly oppose that very strongly and that Beneš had said that it would fight, rather than accept it. British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain met Adolf Hitler in Berchtesgaden on 15 September and agreed to
4290-401: Was the preferable choice of "a good deal of cautious middle-class" amongst Sudeten Germans. Silesian-Sudeten Germans were particularly pro-Czechoslovak, as they strongly preferred Czechoslovak rule to the prospect of becoming a part of Poland. According to the February 1921 census, 3,123,000 native German speakers lived in Czechoslovakia, 23.4% of the total population. The controversies between
4356-416: Was to incorporate these Germans into Czechoslovakia. Several German minorities according to their mother tongue in Moravia, including German-speaking populations in Brno , Jihlava and Olomouc , also attempted to proclaim their union with German Austria. The Czechs thus rejected the aspirations of the German Bohemians and demanded the inclusion of the lands inhabited by ethnic Germans in their state, despite
#769230