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95-553: Tegna Inc. (stylized in all caps as TEGNA ) is an American publicly traded broadcast, digital media and marketing services company headquartered in Tysons Corner, Virginia . It was created on June 29, 2015, when the Gannett Company split into two publicly traded companies. Tegna comprised the more profitable broadcast television and digital media divisions of the old Gannett, while Gannett's publishing interests were spun off as

190-461: A full service , middle of the road (MOR) format combining popular adult music, news, talk and sports. KFMB moved to 760 kHz on December 29, 1965. This frequency changed after a realignment of broadcast channels between the United States and Mexico forced the station to vacate 540 AM, which is now a Mexican and Canadian clear channel frequency. The FCC granted KFMB the 760 spot on the dial as

285-524: A low-powered MeTV affiliate, and a Quest owned-and-operated station. It also provides operational services to another Fox affiliate, WUPW in Toledo, through a shared services agreement with that station's owner American Spirit Media (agreements that were carried over from WTOL's previous ownership; ASM had acted in a similar capacity with several stations). Stations are listed alphabetically by state and city of license . In 2015, Tegna Media test-ran

380-628: A non-directional antenna . But at night, in an unusual move for an AM radio station, power increases to the maximum 50,000 watts, using a directional antenna . The transmitter towers are along the San Clemente Canyon Freeway ( California State Route 52 ) in Santee . In 1940, the Worcester Broadcasting Corporation obtained a construction permit for a 250-watt radio station. Its president, Warren Burnham Worcester,

475-458: A "new" Gannett. The split was completed on June 29, 2015. Tegna retained "old" Gannett's stock price history, though it trades under a new ticker symbol, TGNA. The "new" Gannett inherited old Gannett's longtime ticker symbol, GCI. The two companies, however, continued to share a headquarters complex. Tegna also retained G/O Digital, a digital marketing services brand that it launched in August 2013, and

570-682: A "new" company that retained the Gannett name. Tegna owns or operates 68 television stations in 54 markets, and holds properties in digital media. In terms of audience reach, Tegna is the largest group owner of NBC -affiliated stations, ahead of Hearst Television and Sinclair Broadcast Group , and the fourth-largest group owner of ABC affiliates, behind Hearst, the E. W. Scripps Company , and Sinclair. Tegna also owns two digital multicast networks ( True Crime Network , Quest ). In June 2015, Gannett spun off its broadcasting division. Robert Dickey – who led Gannett's newspaper group – would continue as CEO of

665-461: A Washington, D.C. bureau to produce content for local newscasts, and arguing that Tegna's stations had "too many employees". Standard General responded to the letter, denying that they planned to cut jobs or hub content, and promoting that Tegna would become the largest female-run and minority-owned broadcaster in the United States. They also responded to objections by NewsGuild-CWA describing Standard General as "backed by anonymous investors located in

760-554: A bid to acquire Tegna. In June 2017, Tegna announced it had entered into a definitive agreement, together with the other owners of CareerBuilder , to sell CareerBuilder to an investor group led by investments funds managed by affiliates of Apollo Global Management and the board of the Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan . Tegna and Cooper Media, parent corporation of the Justice Network , announced on November 7, 2017,

855-683: A commonly preferred alternative to all caps text is the use of small caps to emphasise key names or acronyms (for example, Text in Small Caps ), or the use of italics or (more rarely) bold . In addition, if all caps must be used it is customary to slightly widen the spacing between the letters, by around 10 per cent of the point height. This practice is known as tracking or letterspacing. Some digital fonts contain alternative spacing metrics for this purpose. Messages completely in capital letters are often equated on social media to shouting and other impolite or argumentative behaviors. This became

950-483: A computer program shouting at its user. Information technology journalist Lee Hutchinson described Microsoft's using the practice as "LITERALLY TERRIBLE ... [it] doesn't so much violate OS X's design conventions as it does take them out behind the shed, pour gasoline on them, and set them on fire." In programming, writing in all caps (possibly with underscores replacing spaces ) is an identifier naming convention in many programming languages that symbolizes that

1045-495: A delicate scanning of characters (from a damaged image that needs further contextual text correction). Depending on the typeface , these similarities accidentally create various duplicates (even quite briefly and without realizing it when reading). E.g. H/A, F/E or I/T by adding a bar; P/R, O/Q, even C/G from similar errors; V/U, D/O, even B/S while rounding the shape; and more deformations implying mixings. Adding digits in all caps styled texts may multiply these confusions, which

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1140-527: A focus on conservative talk shows. In 2017, Tegna Inc. bought the KFMB radio and TV stations from Midwest Television, then sold the KFMB radio stations to Local Media San Diego in 2019. Less than a year later, iHeartMedia bought KFMB AM and changed its call sign to KGB. In 2022, iHeartMedia changed KGB's format from talk to sports and moved much of KGB's talk programming to sister stations KOGO 600 and KLSD 1360. By day, KGB broadcasts at 5,000 watts , using

1235-605: A host. Edwards would later go on to host a number of network TV game shows . In September 1959, KFMB once again put an FM sister station on the air. This time, KFMB-FM was heard on 100.7 MHz, again largely simulcasting the AM station. As part of Transcontinent's exit from broadcasting, KFMB-AM-FM-TV were sold in 1964 to Midwest Television. The company was owned by the Meyer family and was based in Champaign, Illinois . From 1964 to 1975, KFMB had

1330-458: A limited-run informative talk show hosted by Dallas-based bishop T. D. Jakes on its owned stations in Dallas, Atlanta, Minneapolis and Cleveland. The show, titled T.D. Jakes , was co-produced by Debmar-Mercury , Tegna Media, 44 Blue Productions, Jakes' own production company, TDJ Enterprises and EnLight Productions and lasted from August 17, 2016, to September 8, 2017. On December 9, Tegna greenlit

1425-399: A mainstream interpretation with the advent of networked computers, from the 1980s onward. However, a similar interpretation was already evidenced by written sources that predated the computing era, in some cases by at least a century, and the textual display of shouting or emphasis was still not a settled matter by 1984. The following sources may be relevant to the history of all caps: Before

1520-556: A new multicast network, Quest . Tegna would be the charter station group as such would receive a minority stake in the network, which launched in January 2018. The range of programming on the network would be engineering and science, human achievements, military history and natural history. On December 18, 2017, Tegna announced it would acquire KFMB-AM - FM - TV in San Diego from Midwest Television, Inc. for $ 325 million, pending approval from

1615-518: A new weekday show from 5-7 p.m., while Mark Larson would become a fill-in host. The new sports format, branded "San Diego Sports 760", debuted September 1 two days before the station broadcast the San Diego State Aztecs football season opener. The San Diego Union Tribune commented about the sports station's move: "Listeners, especially in the North County, should appreciate the move to

1710-535: A replacement. But because KGU Honolulu was also on 760 AM, KFMB was limited to 5,000 watts full time to avoid interference. KFMB debuted the Charlie & Harrigan morning show in 1972. It was hosted by Jack Woods (as Charlie) and Paul Menard (as Harrigan), who previously hosted that show on stations in Dallas and Cleveland. Charlie & Harrigan quickly became the most popular morning radio show in San Diego, before

1805-548: A result of the North American Regional Broadcasting Agreement (NARBA). With a transmitter on the top of the Spreckels Building , KFMB debuted at 8 p.m. on August 19, 1941 ; 83 years ago  ( August 19, 1941 ) . Its studios were at the corner of Pacific Highway and Ash Street, then known as Pacific Square. KFMB's opening night featured classical music and opera performances and

1900-532: A slowed speed is possible – but in principle too many factors of low legibility are involved." Other critics are of the opinion that all caps letters in text are often "too tightly packed against each other". Besides the aforementioned speed of reading, all caps is can be prone to character -based ambiguities. Namely, the upper-case letters are globally simpler than their lower-case counterpart. For example, they lack ascenders and descenders . Since they are built from fewer positional and building elements (e.g.

1995-416: A smaller grid pertaining to minimalist digital fonts), they are more fragile to small changes. These variations, generally involuntary but sometimes induced on purpose, are caused by a misinterpretation (the information is transferred) or by a deterioration (the data is lost, in the analysis wording). They can occur horizontally and/or vertically, while misreading (without this extra effort or time), or during

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2090-450: A stronger broadcast signal." San Diego State football and basketball were among the sports programming moving from the old KLSD; others included local talk shows, Fox Sports Radio network programming, Los Angeles Lakers basketball, and San Diego Gulls hockey. KGB is a Class B AM station. During daytime hours, KGB transmits with 5,000 watts of power using a non-directional antenna . But at night, power increases to 50,000 watts,

2185-503: A syndicated show, The Savage Nation . Roberts left KFMB in December 2011, and his show was replaced the following month by Roger Hedgecock , who moved his nationally syndicated show from KOGO. In October 2012, Hedgecock show producer Brett Winterble debuted his own evening show on KFMB in replacement of The Savage Nation , which had temporarily exited syndication. Hedgecock retired from his radio show on March 27, 2015; Slater became

2280-663: A term is conspicuous, we look at more than formatting. A term that appears in capitals can still be inconspicuous if it is hidden on the back of a contract in small type. Terms that are in capitals but also appear in hard-to-read type may flunk the conspicuousness test. A sentence in capitals, buried deep within a long paragraph in capitals will probably not be deemed conspicuous...it is entirely possible for text to be conspicuous without being in capitals. Certain musicians—such as Marina , Finneas , who are both known mononymously, and MF DOOM —as well as some bands such as Haim and Kiss —have their names stylised in all caps. Additionally, it

2375-521: A two-hour news show during the 4–6 p.m. afternoon drive hours. With this format change, Larson left KFMB to become general manager of KPRZ 1210 AM . In June 1994, KFMB was among the first stations to carry the newly syndicated Dr. Laura Program , based at KFI in Los Angeles. Leitner, a longtime sports announcer and reporter for KFMB, debuted a general issues afternoon talk show in February 1995. In

2470-403: Is an "apparent consensus" that lower-case text is more legible, but that some editors continue to use all caps in text regardless. In his studies of all caps in headlines , he states that, "Editors who favor capitals claim that they give greater emphasis. Those who prefer lower case claim their preferences gives greater legibility." Wheildon, who informs us that "When a person reads a line of type,

2565-615: Is common for bands with vowelless names (a process colourfully known as " disemvoweling ") to use all caps, with prominent examples including STRFKR , MSTRKRFT , PWR BTTM , SBTRKT , JPNSGRLS (now known as Hotel Mira), BLK JKS , MNDR , and DWNTWN . Miles Tinker , renowned for his landmark work, Legibility of Print , performed scientific studies on the legibility and readability of all-capital print. His findings were as follows: All-capital print greatly retards speed of reading in comparison with lower-case type. Also, most readers judge all capitals to be less legible. Faster reading of

2660-435: Is less legible and readable than lower-case text. In addition, switching to all caps may make text appear hectoring and obnoxious for cultural reasons, since all-capitals is often used in transcribed speech to indicate that the speaker is shouting. All-caps text is common in comic books, as well as on older teleprinter and radio transmission systems, which often do not indicate letter case at all. In professional documents,

2755-545: Is one aim of Leet (intentional pseudo duplicates) and can provide simple means of concealing messages (often numbers). KGB (AM) The station first broadcast in 1941 as KFMB, founded by aerospace engineer Warren Burnham Worcester broadcasting mostly classical music . In 1943, Jack O. Gross bought KFMB radio and later added two sister stations : KFMB-TV channel 8 and KFMB-FM , first at 101.5 MHz and later at 100.7 MHz. The trio of stations were owned by Chicago-based Midwest Television from 1964 to 2017. For much of

2850-632: The San Diego Daily Journal . Three years later, Kennedy sold the stations to a partnership of television producer Jack Wrather and industry executive Helen Alvarez. On December 7, 1954, KFMB moved again, this time from 550 to 540 kHz. In 1957, Alvarez sold her shares in KFMB to Wrather. Wrather then sold his broadcast interests to Buffalo, New York -based Transcontinent Television Corporation in early 1959. A second KFMB-FM station signed on in 1959 on its present frequency of 100.7 MHz. Also in 1959, Geoff Edwards joined KFMB as

2945-557: The ASCII table , so can display both alphabets, but all caps only. Mikrosha is switchable to KOI-7N1, in this mode, it can display both caps and lower-case, but in Cyrillic only. Other Soviet computers, such as BK0010 , MK 85 , Corvette and Agat-9 , use 8-bit encoding called KOI-8R, they can display both Cyrillic and Latin in caps and lower-case. Many, but not all NES games use all caps because of tile graphics, where charset and tiles share

Tegna Inc. - Misplaced Pages Continue

3040-526: The American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (AFTRA) initially opposed the move before signing a new contract with KFMB stations in 1998. In October 1997, the Hudson and Bauer morning show ended its 22-year run on KFMB following the death of Mac Hudson at age 58. Former Charlie & Harrigan co-host Jack Woods returned to KFMB to replace Hudson in the successor Jack and Joe show. The end of

3135-821: The Dispatch Broadcast Group 's television and radio assets, subject to regulatory approval, for $ 535 million. The purchase includes the WBNS television ( CBS affiliate WBNS-TV ) and radio ( WBNS (AM) and WBNS-FM ) stations in Columbus, the Ohio News Network , and NBC affiliate WTHR television in Indianapolis . The sale was approved by the FCC on July 29, 2019, and was completed on August 8. In December 2019, Tegna agreed to sell KFMB-AM-FM to Local Media San Diego for $ 5 million;

3230-742: The Federal Communications Commission . The acquisition was completed on February 15, 2018. On August 20, 2018, Tegna agreed to purchase two stations spun off from the Gray Television - Raycom Media merger, CBS affiliate WTOL-TV in Toledo (the sale likely includes rights to an existing shared services agreement with American Spirit Media -owned Fox affiliate WUPW ) and NBC affiliate KWES-TV in Odessa in order to alleviate ownership conflicts involving Gray's ownership of ABC affiliate WTVG in

3325-705: The Las Vegas Raiders radio network. KGB also was the San Diego home for many national talk shows including Armstrong & Getty , The Glenn Beck Program , Red Eye Radio and The Mark Levin Show On August 31, 2022, iHeartMedia announced that it would swap the formats of KGB and KLSD the next day. KLSD's sports programming moved to 760 AM, while KGB's conservative talk moved to KLSD's 1360 AM signal. KLSD's shows are all nationally syndicated, while KGB’s schedule had two local hosts who moved to co-owned talk station KOGO. Mike Slater and Lou Penrose would co-host

3420-647: The NBC Blue Network in September 1943. The FCC approved the sale of KFMB to Gross and Taylor in November. Gross purchased Taylor's 50 percent interest and became sole owner on June 12, 1945. In 1943, NBC Blue Network was sold and became simply "The Blue Network". KFMB remained an affiliate through a further rename two years later to ABC . Under Gross's stewardship, KFMB pioneered FM and television service in San Diego. In April 1947, KFMB-FM, originally on 101.5 MHz,

3515-481: The United States Marine Band . KFMB offered what Worcester called "the finest classical and semi-classical groups, vocalists, and the greatest name bands in the country." Warren B. Worcester died on October 24, 1942, at age 33. In July 1943, the trustees of Worcester's estate sold KFMB for $ 95,000 to its general manager, Jack O. Gross and a business partner, O.L. Taylor. KFMB became an affiliate of

3610-497: The flagship station for San Diego Padres baseball games, which were announced by Jerry Coleman and Leitner. KFMB dropped San Diego State sports in 1985. As more people switched to FM for music listening, KFMB added more talk programming and sports. With the KFMB stations under new management, KFMB dropped music and switched full time to a news/talk format in April 1994, debuting talk shows hosted by Geni Cavitt and Stacy Taylor and

3705-577: The murder of Danielle van Dam , an eight-year-old girl from San Diego, on his program. After Leitner stepped down from his longtime morning drive show for personal reasons, Roberts became the new morning drive host in February 2003. In the fall of 2005, KFMB began broadcasting commentary by Paul Harvey . After many years affiliated with CBS Radio News , KFMB switched to ABC News Radio as its national news provider on April 23, 2006. KFMB returned to CBS Radio News in June 2012. By 2009, Roberts's KFMB show

3800-472: The 1960s and 1970s, KFMB AM had a full service format combining Middle of the Road (MOR) music, as well as news and sports. KFMB AM was one of the most popular radio stations in San Diego from the mid-1970s to late 1980s. At that point, the station shifted away from music to emphasize talk shows. As a talk station, KFMB featured hosts includibg Ted Leitner , Hank Bauer , Rick Roberts and Roger Hedgecock , with

3895-568: The 1990s, more than three-quarters of newspapers in the western world used lower-case letters in headline text. Discussion regarding the use of all caps for headlines centers on the greater emphasis offered by all caps versus the greater legibility offered by lower-case letters. Colin Wheildon conducted a scientific study with 224 readers who analyzed various headline styles and concluded that "Headlines set in capital letters are significantly less legible than those set in lower case." All caps typography

Tegna Inc. - Misplaced Pages Continue

3990-509: The 20 broadcast stations it acquired from Belo Corporation in December 2013 and the six stations it acquired from London Broadcasting Company in July 2014. In September 2016, Tegna announced plans to spin off Cars.com to create two independent publicly traded companies. Tegna shareholders approved an initial public offering of Cars.com as a publicly traded spin-off in May 2017. Shortly after, Tegna completed

4085-452: The 5 and 10-minute time limits, and 13.9 percent for the whole 20-minute period". Tinker concluded that, "Obviously, all-capital printing slows reading to a marked degree in comparison with Roman lower case." Tinker provides the following explanations for why all capital printing is more difficult to read: Text in all capitals covers about 35 percent more printing surface than the same material set in lower case. This would tend to increase

4180-455: The AM dial in San Diego by sister station KLSD 1360 AM from 1928 to 1982. The reassignment of the three-letter call sign was granted by the FCC, even though new three-letter call signs are usually not permitted. KGB-FM (101.5 FM) is also owned by iHeart so that allows the KGB call letters to be shared with a co-owned AM station. Beginning in September 2020, KGB became the San Diego affiliate of

4275-613: The Cayman Islands", stating that the entirety of its board is represented by U.S. interests. On February 24, 2023, it was confirmed that FCC staff had referred the deal to an administrative law judge , effectively killing the deal since the hearing process would necessarily run longer than the merger agreement's deadline to close the deal. The deal was terminated on May 22, 2023. Tegna owns or operates 68 television stations located in 54 markets (including fourteen duopolies ); it also owns two radio stations in Columbus, Ohio. Twenty-two of

4370-472: The DirecTV, AT&T U-verse, AT&T TV and DirecTV Stream services at 8 p.m. ET on November 30. The dispute was resolved on January 13, 2024. The following month, TEGNA affirmed the dispute with DirecTV caused it to see lower subscription and overall revenue during 2023. In 2020, activist shareholder Soo Kim, owner of Standard General , began to pursue control over Tegna, citing its "pattern of passivity" on

4465-490: The KFMB lineup. Leitner moved from afternoon to morning drive in January, and his show became the lead-in to Jack and Joe . Then in April, KFMB hired Rick Roberts away from KOGO as afternoon drive host. Regarding sports broadcasts, KFMB lost the rights to Padres baseball and San Diego State football games to KOGO , which was the Padres' original flagship station from 1969 to 1978; KFMB also dropped Hank Bauer's sports talk show at

4560-707: The KFMB stations for $ 325 million. t The deal marked Tegna's re-entry into radio, as predecessor Gannett Company had sold its previous radio group to Evergreen Media in 1997. The sale was completed on February 15, 2018, ending the Meyer family's stewardship of the stations after 53 years. Nielsen Audio ratings in the summer of 2019 ranked KFMB in 18th place among all San Diego area listeners, compared to sixth for rival AM station KOGO 600 AM . In December 2019, Tegna agreed to sell KFMB-AM-FM to Local Media San Diego for $ 5 million, putting them back under common control with Local Media's three Mexican-licensed stations and separating them from KFMB-TV. The deal did not include

4655-637: The KFMB studios moved to Kearny Mesa , where the TV and radio stations would be headquartered together for over 40 years. Ted Leitner joined the KFMB TV and AM stations as a sports reporter in January 1978. In his first job at KFMB, he provided sports reports and commentary on Hudson & Bauer . Bill Ballance , formerly of KABC in Los Angeles, began hosting All Talk Slice of the Night on KFMB on March 1, 1978. In 1979, Larson became KFMB's program director. KFMB became

4750-559: The KOGO simulcast was necessary due to "the huge logistic challenges" associated with the ownership change and moving of studios. iHeartMedia completed the purchase on June 12, 2020. Winterble left KFMB to join WBT in Charlotte, North Carolina , in February 2020. On July 3, 2020, iHeart announced that KFMB would change its call sign to KGB, effective the next day. The KGB call sign was previously used on

4845-498: The Toledo market and CBS affiliate KOSA-TV in the Odessa market. In March 2019, Tegna announced its formation of VAULT Studios, its first, in-house digital content studio. The studio's first content would be true crime podcasts, drawing on its station news content. On March 20, 2019, Tegna entered an agreement with Nexstar Media Group to acquire eleven stations for $ 740 million in order to reduce Nexstar's national ownership reach under

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4940-503: The company announced that it would buy out the remainder of Classified Ventures (a joint venture between Tegna and several other media companies) for $ 1.8 billion, giving it full ownership of properties such as Cars.com . As part of the separation, the company announced that the broadcasting and digital company would be named Tegna—a partial anagram of "Gannett". The spin-out was structured so that "old" Gannett changed its name to Tegna, Inc., then spun off its newspaper holdings into

5035-467: The company as a sole newspaper publisher, leaving the former broadcasting and digital operations under the leadership of Gracia Martore . In a statement, she explained that the split plans were "significant next steps in our ongoing initiatives to increase shareholder value by building scale, increasing cash flow, sharpening management focus, and strengthening all of our businesses to compete effectively in today's increasingly digital landscape". Additionally,

5130-481: The company at $ 5.4 billion. The company, which will retain the Tegna name, will be controlled by an affiliate of Standard General, with Standard Media CEO Deb McDermott (who previously led Young Broadcasting and Media General ) becoming CEO. Affiliates of AGM, as well as Cox Media Group (which is principally owned by AGM, with Cox Enterprises as a minority shareholder) and other investors, will hold non-voting shares in

5225-422: The company stated that "the other two parties have not signed confidentiality agreements to enable due diligence and have not delivered any information on financing sources". Kim began to engage in a proxy fight , with Standard General proposing four nominations to Tegna's board of directors at its next shareholders' meeting in April. Tegna's shareholders chose to re-elect all 12 current board members. Kim accepted

5320-606: The company's stations are affiliated with NBC (including one digital subchannel of KBMT and two semi-satellites of KCEN-TV and WCSH ), fifteen are affiliated with CBS , thirteen are affiliated with ABC , and six are affiliated with Fox . In addition, the company owns eight CW affiliates (including three digital subchannels of KFMB-TV , KYTX , and WMAZ-TV ), ten MyNetworkTV affiliates (including six digital subchannels of KFMB-TV, KIDY , KTTU-TV , KXVA , WQAD-TV , and WZDX ), four independent stations (including two digital subchannels of KTVB and its satellite of KTFT-LD),

5415-653: The company. Tegna's digital advertising subsidiary Premion will be held as a standalone business between Standard and CMG. The sale includes a clause that will slowly increase the value that Standard and Apollo will pay per-share if the sale takes longer than nine months to close. The sale will also result in the realignment of station holdings presently associated with both companies: Standard Media's four stations WDKA , WLNE , KBSI , and KLKN will be sold to Cox Media Group, which will then divest its Boston station WFXT to an affiliate of Standard General, and acquire WFAA / KMPX , KHOU / KTBU , and KVUE , from Tegna. The sale

5510-458: The development of lower-case letters in the 8th century, texts in the Latin alphabet were written in a single case, which is now considered to be capital letters. Text in all caps is not widely used in body copy . The main exception to this is the so-called fine print in legal documents. Capital letters have been widely used in printed headlines from the early days of newspapers until the 1950s. In

5605-639: The dominant Class A station for which 760 AM is reserved, WJR Detroit . KGB features a mix of local and national sports radio shows. Weekdays begins with two nationally syndicated sports programs from co-owned Premiere Networks , The Dan Patrick Show and The Herd with Colin Cowherd . At noon, The Midday Match-Up is followed by Big Rich, TD & Fletch (Rich Ohrnberger, Travis Dale and Ben Fletcher) who also host mornings on sister station 101.5 KGB-FM . The afternoon drive time hosts are Jon & Jim (Jon Schaeffer and Jim Russell). Then at 6 p.m.,

5700-647: The end of 1999. In 2001, Joe Bauer resigned from KFMB to join rival KPOP to host a show focusing on health and personal finance. Subsequently, Woods would reunite with Charlie & Harrigan co-host Menard for a show hosted under their real names. KFMB later expanded the presence of nationally syndicated conservative talk, dropping the Woods/Menard show and an evening sports talk show in March 2002 for The Sean Hannity Show and The Laura Ingraham Show . Roberts attracted media attention for his frequent discussion of

5795-534: The evidence that all-capital printing retards speed of reading to a striking degree in comparison with lower case and is not liked by readers, it would seem wise to eliminate such printing whenever rapid reading and consumer (reader) views are of importance. Examples of this would include any continuous reading material, posters, bus cards, billboards, magazine advertising copy, headings in books, business forms and records, titles of articles, books and book chapters, and newspaper headlines. Colin Wheildon stated that there

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5890-534: The eye recognizes letters by the shapes of their upper halves", asserts that recognizing words in all caps "becomes a task instead of a natural process". His conclusions, based on scientific testing in 1982–1990, are: "Headlines set in capital letters are significantly less legible than those set in lower case." John Ryder , in the Case for Legibility , stated that "Printing with capital letters can be done sufficiently well to arouse interest and, with short lines, reading at

5985-659: The federally imposed 39% cap and alleviate ownership conflicts with existing Nexstar properties once it completes a merger with Tribune Media . Included are stations WOI-DT – KCWI-DT in Des Moines and WQAD-TV , based in Moline, Illinois but also serving neighboring Davenport and Pennsylvania ( WPMT / Harrisburg and WNEP-TV / Scranton – Wilkes-Barre ). Other Nexstar/Tribune stations going to Tegna are WZDX / Huntsville , KFSM-TV / Fort Smith – Fayetteville , WTIC-TV – WCCT-TV / Hartford , and WATN-TV – WLMT / Memphis . The FCC approved

6080-563: The given identifier represents a constant . A practice exists (most commonly in Francophone countries) of distinguishing the surname from the rest of a personal name by stylizing the surname only in all caps. This practice is also common among Japanese, when names are spelled using Roman letters. In April 2013, the U.S. Navy moved away from an all caps-based messaging system, which was begun with 1850s-era teleprinters that had only uppercase letters. The switch to mixed-case communications

6175-440: The hosts left for Dallas in 1975 and eventually returned to San Diego on rival station KCBQ in 1976. Charlie & Harrigan became one of the most popular shows on San Diego radio. KFMB also began broadcasting San Diego State Aztecs football and men's basketball games in 1972. Starting in 1975, Mac Hudson and Joe Bauer began co-hosting the Hudson & Bauer morning drive time show, which provided humorous discussions of

6270-600: The intent of the agreement was to "[preserve the] local ownership and operation of San Diego's top-rated radio stations". The agreement ended at the end of 2016. Around the same time, KFMB dropped The Sean Hannity Show after 13 years in favor of an expansion of Slater's show and a one-hour news show leading into Winterble. In 2017, the FCC denied an application to decrease KFMB's nighttime power from 50 to 10 kW. In October 2017, local media reported that KFMB-AM-FM-TV were being offered for sale by Midwest Television. On December 18, 2017, Tegna, Inc. announced it would purchase

6365-474: The latter came after a Black nominee put forward by Standard General withdrew, citing a previous incident involving CEO Dave Lougee in 2014. The company stated that Lougee "immediately acknowledged the incident and has stated that he made a mistake, for which he had apologized immediately at the time". On February 22, 2022, Tegna announced that it had agreed to be taken private by a group led by Standard General and Apollo Global Management for $ 24 per-share, valuing

6460-563: The lower-case print is due to the characteristic word forms furnished by this type. This permits reading by word units, while all capitals tend to be read letter by letter. Furthermore, since all-capital printing takes at least one-third more space than lower case, more fixation pauses are required for reading the same amount of material. The use of all capitals should be dispensed with in every printing situation. According to Tinker, "As early as 1914, Starch reported that material set in Roman lower case

6555-525: The market. In March 2020, Tegna stated that it had turned down two acquisition offers by Gray Television and Apollo Global Management , stating that "these two parties made their proposals shortly before the recent market dislocation due to the COVID-19 pandemic and both subsequently informed Tegna that they were ceasing discussions". In regards to other rumored offers from Byron Allen and religious broadcaster TBN (the latter in partnership with Jahm Najafi ),

6650-431: The maximum for AM stations in the U.S., and the signal is broadcast from a directional antenna with a three- tower array . The transmitter site is in Santee . The transmitter location is unique in that its towers are found on both sides of a highway. They spread across the San Clemente Canyon Freeway ( California State Route 52 ), near Exit 13. The directional antenna is required at night to avoid interference with

6745-496: The new afternoon drive host March 30, and Hedgecock would remain a part-time commentator on KFMB. Winterble returned to KFMB as afternoon drive host in September 2015. On October 6, 2015, Midwest Television entered into a joint operating agreement with Local Media San Diego LLC, which operated three Tijuana - licensed stations– XHRM-FM (92.5 FM), XETRA-FM (91.1 FM), and XHITZ-FM (90.3 FM) — forming an entity known as "SDLocal" to market all five stations together. Management said

6840-425: The news in the voices of various characters. Bobby Rich also joined KFMB around the same time. Mark Larson began the first of two stints with KFMB in June 1976 as a weekend DJ and moving up to weeknights from 9 p.m. to 1 a.m. From roughly 1975 through 1989, KFMB was one of the top three highest rated stations in San Diego, frequently fighting its FM sister, then known as "B-100", for the top position. In 1977,

6935-523: The opportunity to add marginal notes emphasising key points. Legal writing expert Bryan A. Garner has described the practice as "ghastly". A 2020 study found that all-caps in legal texts is ineffective and is, in fact, harmful to older readers. In 2002, a US court spoke out against the practice, ruling that simply making text all-capitals has no bearing on whether it is clear and easily readable: Lawyers who think their caps lock keys are instant "make conspicuous" buttons are deluded. In determining whether

7030-489: The reading time. When this is combined with the difficulty in reading words in all-capital letters as units, the hindrance to rapid reading becomes marked. In the eye-movement study by Tinker and Patterson, the principal difference in oculomotor patterns between lower case and all capitals was the very large increase in number of fixation pauses for reading the all-capital print. All caps text should be eliminated from most forms of composition, according to Tinker: Considering

7125-507: The removal of at least 64 Tegna stations in 53 markets, covering about nearly 3 million customers. On October 18, Dish Network filed a complaint with the Federal Communications Commission against Tegna. However, on February 4, 2022, Dish Network reached an agreement with Tegna, resulting in all Tegna owned stations returning. Another carriage dispute with DirecTV in late 2023 resulted in the removal of 66 Tegna stations from

7220-484: The result of the vote, stating that the actions had helped to "[challenge] management's narrative about the Company's performance and seeking greater transparency about Tegna's numbers, acquisition metrics, and engagement with third parties". In 2021, Standard General once again put forward nominees to Tegna's board of directors, alleging that the company was underperforming and had issues with diversity, equity, and inclusion ;

7315-489: The rights to the KFMB call letters. The call signs of the KFMB radio stations were changed after the closure of the acquisition. Local Media had reportedly explored reselling the AM station after the closure. It promptly announced a $ 1.2 million resale of 760 KFMB to iHeartMedia when the deal closed on March 17, 2020. KFMB immediately flipped to a temporary simulcast of KOGO at noon local time, with its regular programming resuming on March 19. KFMB host Mark Larson said that

7410-471: The sale on September 16. On May 6, 2019, it was reported that Tegna was going to acquire the 85% of the Justice Network and Quest from Cooper Media that it did not own already for $ 77 Million to close by the end of the second quarter. Cooper Media's president and general manager Brian Weiss transferred to Tegna and continued managing the two networks. On June 11, 2019, it was reported Tegna Inc. purchased

7505-419: The sale was completed on March 17, 2020. A carriage dispute with DirecTV , beginning at 7 p.m. ET on December 1, 2020, resulted in the removal of at least 60 Tegna stations in 51 markets, covering about 39% of TV homes, from the DirecTV, AT&T U-verse and AT&T TV services. The dispute was resolved on December 20, 2020. A carriage dispute with Dish Network , beginning on October 6, 2021, resulted in

7600-567: The same ROM. Game designers often choose to have less characters in favor of more tiles. With the advent of the bulletin board system , or BBS, and later the Internet, typing messages in all caps commonly became closely identified with "shouting" or attention-seeking behavior, and may be considered rude. Its equivalence to shouting traces back to at least 1984 and before the Internet, back to printed typography usage of all capitals to mean shouting. For this reason, etiquette generally discourages

7695-408: The same month, KFMB replaced evening host Rollye James with The Late Late Radio Show , a syndicated show co-hosted by Tom Snyder and Elliott Forrest. KFMB began a second stint as the home of San Diego State football in 1996. As a cost cutting measure, KFMB laid off its radio news staff in September 1997 and began sourcing news updates from KFMB television reporters. The San Diego chapter of

7790-492: The series for an entire run for the 2016–2017 broadcast season. The series debuted on September 12 on most, if not all Tegna-owned stations, as well as several large markets, including Baltimore ( WMAR-TV ), Detroit ( WMYD ), Orlando ( WFTV / WRDQ ), Chicago ( WCIU-TV ), San Antonio ( KSAT-TV ), and San Diego ( KGTV ). Debmar-Mercury, however, is not participating in the production run, being replaced by independent company Flow Media Partners. T.D. Jakes ended in September 2017 and

7885-461: The spin-off of Cars.com, which now trades under a new ticker symbol, CARS. Upon the completion of the spin-off, Dave Lougee, president of Tegna Media, was named president and CEO of Tegna and joined the company's board of directors. Gracia Martore, president and CEO of Tegna, retired and stepped down from the board. Prior to the company's completion of the spin-off of Cars.com, it was reported by DealReporter that Nexstar Media Group may be considering

7980-425: The titles on book covers. Short strings of words in capital letters appear bolder and "louder" than mixed case, and this is sometimes referred to as "screaming" or "shouting". All caps can also be used to indicate that a given word is an acronym . Studies have been conducted on the readability and legibility of all caps text. Scientific testing from the 20th century onward has generally indicated that all caps text

8075-894: The total internet media division was part of the Gannett Company, it managed the websites for USA Today , as well as Gannett's newspaper and broadcast properties throughout the United States. It owns: Stations are arranged in alphabetical order by state and city of license . The list includes stations owned by Tegna, Inc. during its former existence as the Gannett Company subsidiary Gannett Broadcasting, Inc. These cable networks were owned by Belo prior to acquisition by Gannett/Tegna: (a partial listing) All caps In typography , text or font in all caps (short for " all capitals ") contains capital letters without any lowercase letters. For example: THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG. All-caps text can be seen in legal documents, advertisements , newspaper headlines , and

8170-574: The use of all caps when posting messages online. While all caps can be used as an alternative to rich-text "bolding" for a single word or phrase, to express emphasis, repeated use of all caps can be considered "shouting" or irritating. Some aspects of Microsoft's Metro design language involve the use of all caps headings and titles. This has received particular attention when menu and ribbon titles appeared in all caps in Visual Studio 2012 and Office 2013 , respectively. Critics have compared this to

8265-536: The year saw the departure of another longtime host, as Stacy Taylor left KFMB after six years. Beginning in 1998, KFMB began broadcasting San Diego Chargers football games after XETRA 's one-year contract expired. The following year, KFMB signed a contract extension to secure the rights to Chargers games until the 2004 season. That year, KFMB also replaced its afternoon news show with a sports talk show hosted by former Chargers running back Hank Bauer (no relation to Joe Bauer). The year 2000 marked major changes to

8360-640: Was among six local conservative talk radio shows in California measured by Arbitron to have a weekly audience of more than 100,000. As the Great Recession forced radio stations to make budget cuts, by 2010, Roberts was among only two local hosts of daily talk radio shows in San Diego. That changed in January 2011 as KFMB hired Mike Slater from WTJS in Jackson, Tennessee , as the new morning drive host. Roberts returned to his former afternoon drive slot that long had

8455-478: Was an aircraft designer and engineer from a prominent family in Worcester, Massachusetts . Worcester Broadcasting's station had the call sign KFMB, named after Worcester's children: the "M" for daughter Mary and "B" for son Burnham. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) construction permit was for 1420  kHz . By the time the station signed on , all stations on 1420 kHz had moved to 1450 kHz as

8550-639: Was approved by Standard General and Apollo Global Management on May 17, 2022. On October 6, 2022, Chair of the House Energy and Commerce Committee Frank Pallone and Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi issued a letter to the FCC expressing concerns for the transaction, arguing that it "would violate the FCC's mandate by restricting access to local news coverage, cutting jobs at local television stations, and raising prices on consumers". They specifically cited statements by Standard General regarding plans for

8645-576: Was common on teletype machines, such as those used by police departments, news, and the United States' then-called Weather Bureau , as well as early computers, such as certain early Apple II models and the ZX81 , which had a limited support for lower-case text. This changed as full support of ASCII became standard, allowing lower-case characters. Some Soviet computers , such as Radio-86RK , Vector-06C , Agat-7 , use 7-bit encoding called KOI-7N2, where capital Cyrillic letters replace lower-case Latin letters in

8740-492: Was estimated to save the Navy $ 20 million a year and is compliant with current Internet protocol. An antiquated practice that still remains in use, especially by older American lawyers who grew up before the arrival of computers, is to use all caps text for text that is legally required to be emphasised and clearly readable. The practice dates to the period of typewriters, which generally did not offer bold text, small capitals, or

8835-418: Was launched, largely simulcasting the AM station. KFMB-TV (channel 8) signed on in May 1949 as a primary CBS affiliate. On March 30, 1948, KFMB moved from 1450 to 550 on the AM dial and increased its power from 250 to 1,000 watts. Few people owned FM receivers in those days, so the first KFMB-FM went off the air in 1950. In November 1950, Gross sold KFMB-AM-TV to John A. Kennedy, a former publisher of

8930-427: Was read somewhat faster than similar material printed in all capitals." Another study in 1928 showed that "all-capital text was read 11.8 percent slower than lower case, or approximately 38 words per minute slower", and that "nine-tenths of adult readers consider lower case more legible than all capitals". A 1955 study by Miles Tinker showed that "all-capital text retarded speed of reading from 9.5 to 19.0 percent for

9025-694: Was replaced with news and entertainment show Daily Blast Live , which premiered on September 11, 2017. Other shows Tegna Media has on first-run syndication across most of its stations are Sister Circle (also shown on cable network TV One ), and reality competition Sing Like A Star . Sister Circle ended its run in Spring 2020. In January 2018, Tegna announced a partnership with Sony Pictures Television to handle syndication distribution and advertising sales for its original programs. Daily Blast Live concluded its run on September 6, 2024. Gannett Company spun-off most of its internet media properties to Tegna. When

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