43-665: Clan Leslie is a Lowland Scottish clan . The progenitor of the Clan, Bartolf , was a nobleman from Hungary , who came to Scotland in 1067. He built a castle at Lesselyn, from which the clan name derives. From 1457 the Clan Chief of Clan Leslie also held the position of Earl of Rothes . The Chief is currently the Hon. Alexander Leslie, the brother of James Malcolm David Leslie, 22nd Earl of Rothes (born 1958). The first Leslie in Aberdeenshire
86-723: A great victory over the English royalists at the Battle of Newburn in 1640. Commanding the Covenanters Alexander Leslie, 1st Earl of Leven , and General Robert Monro captured Edinburgh Castle with a thousand men. With the Scots, Leven went into England in 1640 and defeated the King's soldiers at the Battle of Newburn . For this, he was created Earl of Lewis by King Charles I. General Alexander Leslie of Balgonie fought for Gustavus Adolphus ,
129-578: A short story called "The Death of the Dauphin", about a young Dauphin who wants to stop Death from approaching him. The Dauphin is also mentioned in Cormac McCarthy 's Blood Meridian . "The Dauphin" is a 1988 episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation . As the titular character is female, the episode title gets the gender incorrect (the French female equivalent is "Dauphine"). Robert Pattinson portrays
172-666: Is "really" an impoverished English duke , and the other, not to be outdone, reveals that he is "really" the Dauphin (" Looey the Seventeen , son of Looey the Sixteen and Marry Antonet "). Louis, Duke of Guyenne , the Dauphin of Viennois, is a character in Shakespeare 's Henry V . In Baronness Emma Orczy's Eldorado , the Scarlet Pimpernel rescues the Dauphin from prison and helps spirit him from France. Alphonse Daudet wrote
215-788: Is now represented in the Garioch by the Leslies of Warthill descended from his second son. During the 17th century, Lesleys fought in Germany , France, Sweden and in the Baltic as mercenaries. Alexander Leslie, 1st Earl of Leven , fought on the Continent and then returned to Scotland to command the Covenanter army. His seat was Balgonie Castle or the Tower of Balgonie , which he improved and extended. Alexander Leslie won
258-593: The Battle of Flodden in 1513. The third Earl, also George, carried out a private family vendetta on the life of David Beaton, cardinal Archbishop of St Andrews. At the trial he was acquitted. George Leslie, 4th Earl of Rothes , was one of the Scottish commissioners at the marriage of Mary, Queen of Scots , as heir to the throne of France in 1558. George, along with the Earl of Cascillus and two others, died in mysterious circumstances, believed to be poisoning for refusing to allow
301-660: The Dauphiné , to King Philippe VI on condition that the heir of France assume the title of le Dauphin . The wife of the Dauphin was known as la Dauphine . The first French prince called le Dauphin was Charles the Wise, later ascending to the throne as Charles V of France . The title was roughly equivalent to the Spanish Prince of Asturias , the Portuguese Prince of Brazil , the English (thence British) Prince of Wales , and
344-538: The Garioch district of Aberdeenshire, at a place then known as Lesselyn. At Lesselyn he built a castle and it is from there that the name evolved into Lesley, and the various spelling variations. Bartolf's son was named Malcolm and was made constable of the royal Inverury Castle, which he held for David II of Scotland . His great-grandson was Sir Norman Lesley who acquired the lands of Fythkill in Fife, which were later called Lesley , in about 1282. The family sided with Robert
387-618: The Tower of London where he remained until the restoration of 1660. The career of Walter Leslie (1607–1667) was all in Europe, where in the Thirty Years War he rose to prominence after leading the assassination of the Imperial generalissimo Wallenstein and his coterie in 1634, becoming a field marshal and imperial count. Sir Alexander Leslie of Auchintool was a general in the Russian army and
430-644: The "Midland Valley". This area mainly encompasses the basins of the Rivers Forth and Clyde , and houses approximately 80 percent of Scotland's population (3.5 million in the Central Belt ). Historically, the Midland Valley has been Scotland's most agriculturally productive region. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, it experienced significant industrialisation and urbanisation, driven by coal deposits. While coal mining and heavy industry have declined ever since,
473-613: The Bruce against firstly The Comyn in the Buchan and secondly King Edward I and as a result were awarded further tracts of Aberdeenshire . They fought at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314. Sir Andrew de Lesly was one of the signatories of Declaration of Arbroath , was sent to the Pope in 1320 asserting Scotland's independence. His grandson, Walter died at the Battle of Harlaw in 1411 together with six of his cousins from Balquhain. The chiefly line of
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#1732844919567516-659: The Civil War, David Leslie laid siege to the Royalist garrison at Kincardine Castle . The Castle was being held by the Chief of Clan MacNab . MacNab found that it would not be possible to maintain defense. During the night, sword in hand, at the head of 300 men, they cut their way through the besieging force. All made it through apart from the MacNab chief himself and one other man who were captured and sent to Edinburgh as prisoners of war. The chief
559-610: The Clan Leslie passed to a junior branch of the family, from whom the present Earl of Rothes descends. In 1391, Sir Norman Lesley believed that his only son, David, had been killed in the Crusades , and therefore passed over his estates to his cousin, Sir George Lesley. Then in 1398, after George Lesley had taken possession of the castle and lands, David returned from the Crusades and claimed possession of his estate. The family managed to resolve
602-478: The Dauphiné than to France. For example, he married Charlotte of Savoy against his father's wishes. Savoy was a traditional ally of the Dauphiné, and Louis wished to reaffirm that alliance to stamp out rebels and robbers in the province. Louis was driven out of the Dauphiné by Charles VII's soldiers in 1456, leaving the region to fall back into disorder. After his succession as Louis XI of France in 1461, Louis united
645-457: The Dauphiné with France, bringing it under royal control. The title was automatically conferred upon the next heir apparent to the throne in the direct line upon birth, accession of the parent to the throne or death of the previous Dauphin, unlike the British title Prince of Wales , which has always been in the gift of the monarch (traditionally conferred upon the heir's 21st birthday). The sons of
688-968: The Highlands (although historically also in the lowlands until the 15th century and 18th century in Galloway), to the Scottish history and to the Scottish clan system, as well as in family history and genealogy . Military units associated with the region at various times include the Lowland Brigade , the Royal Scots and the 52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division . Dauphin of France Dauphin of France ( / ˈ d ɔː f ɪ n / , also UK : / d ɔː ˈ f ɪ n , ˈ d oʊ f æ̃ / US : / ˈ d oʊ f ɪ n , d oʊ ˈ f æ̃ / ; French : Dauphin de France [dofɛ̃ də fʁɑ̃s] ), originally Dauphin of Viennois ( Dauphin de Viennois ),
731-420: The King of France held the style and rank of fils de France (son of France), while male-line grandsons were given the style and rank of petits-enfants de France (Grandson of France). The sons and grandsons of the Dauphin ranked higher than their cousins, being treated as the king's children and grandchildren respectively. The sons of the Dauphin, though grandsons of the king, were ranked as Sons of France, and
774-599: The King of Sweden. He achieved great fame across Europe for his skills in war and returned to Scotland a Field Marshal. In 1642, Leven went to Ireland and held command alongside Robert Munro (d. 1680) of the Scottish Army. They were sent to put down a rebellion of Irishmen who had killed Scots in Ulster. In 1644, Leven commanded Scottish Covenanter forces to victory over English Royalists at the Battle of Marston Moor in 1644. This battle
817-711: The Lowlands. Geographically, Scotland is divided into three distinct areas: the Highlands , the Central plain ( Central Belt , in the Central Lowlands ), and the Southern Uplands . The Lowlands cover roughly the latter two. The northeast plain is also "low-land", both geographically and culturally, but in some contexts may be grouped together with the Highlands. The Lowlands is not an official geographical or administrative area of
860-809: The Lowlands. Many ancestors of the Scotch-Irish , as they are known in the United States, or Ulster-Scots , originated from the lowlands and borders region before migrating to the Ulster Plantation in the 17th century and later the American frontier , many prior to the American Revolution . The term Scottish Lowlands is used with reference to the Scots language in contrast to the Scottish Gaelic spoken in
903-511: The Midland Valley's economic importance endures. Today, it remains a central hub of the Scottish economy, with a focus on electronics, computer manufacturing, and service sectors like telecommunications, computer software, and finance. The southernmost counties of Scotland, nearest the Anglo-Scottish border , are also known as the Borders . They are sometimes considered separately from the rest of
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#1732844919567946-580: The Scottish Duke of Rothesay . The official style of a Dauphin of France, prior to 1461, was par la grâce de Dieu, dauphin de Viennois, comte de Valentinois et de Diois ("By the Grace of God, Dauphin of Viennois, Count of Valentinois and of Diois"). A Dauphin of France united the coat of arms of the Dauphiné, which featured dolphins, with the French fleurs-de-lis , and might, where appropriate, further unite that with other arms (e.g. Francis , son of Francis I ,
989-485: The counties of East Lothian, Midlothian, and West Lothian were known as Haddingtonshire, Edinburghshire, and Linlithgowshire. Traditional Scottish counties which straddle the Boundary fault include Angus , Dunbartonshire , Stirlingshire , Perthshire , Kincardineshire , Aberdeenshire , Banffshire , and Moray . The term "Lowlands" is sometimes used to refer specifically to the " Central Lowlands ", an area also known as
1032-569: The country. There are two main topographic regions: the Lowlands and the Southern Uplands . The term "Lowlands" mainly refers to the Central Lowlands . However, in normal usage it refers to those parts of Scotland not in the Highlands (or Gàidhealtachd ). The boundary is usually considered to be a line between Stonehaven and Helensburgh (on the Firth of Clyde ). The Lowlands lie south and east of
1075-569: The crown of Scotland to be settled on the Dauphin of France . Fetternear which became the home of the Leslies of Balquhain, Wardes, and Warthill includes the remains of a 14th-century palace, home of Bishop Alexander Kininmund who, in 1320, drafted the Declaration of Arbroath, the letter sent to Pope John XXII in Avignon declaring that the Scots would never be subjected to English rule. It also incorporates
1118-588: The grandsons of the Dauphin ranked as Grandsons of France; other great-grandsons of the king ranked merely as princes of the blood . The title was abolished by the Constitution of 1791 , which made France a constitutional monarchy. Under the constitution the heir-apparent to the throne (Dauphin Louis-Charles at that time) was restyled Prince Royal (a Prince of the Blood retitled prince français ), taking effect from
1161-536: The heirs of Louis-Philippe being titled Prince Royal . After the death of Henri, comte de Chambord , Carlos, Duke of Madrid , the heir of the legitimist claimant, Juan, Count of Montizón , made use of the title in pretense , as have the Spanish legitimist claimants since. In Mark Twain 's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn , Huck encounters two odd characters who turn out to be professional con men . One of them claims that he should be treated with deference, since he
1204-583: The inception of the Legislative Assembly on 1 October 1791. The title was restored in potentia under the Bourbon Restoration of Louis XVIII , but there would not be another Dauphin until after his death. With the accession of his brother Charles X , Charles' son and heir Louis-Antoine, Duke of Angoulême automatically became Dauphin. With the removal of the Bourbons the title fell into disuse,
1247-709: The line. Some parts of the Lowlands (such as the Southern Uplands ) are not physically "low", Merrick for example reaching 2,766 feet (843 m), while some areas indisputably in the Highlands (such as Islay ) are low-lying. For other purposes, the boundary varies; but if the Boundary Fault is used, then the traditional Scottish counties entirely in the Lowlands are Ayrshire , Berwickshire , Clackmannanshire , Dumfriesshire , East Lothian , Fife , Kinross-shire , Kirkcudbrightshire , Lanarkshire , Midlothian , Peeblesshire , Renfrewshire , Roxburghshire , Selkirkshire , West Lothian , and Wigtownshire . Prior to 1921,
1290-548: The matter peacefully and in 1445 Sir George Lesley's grandson, also called George, was created a Lord of Parliament as Lord Lesley of Leven, and all of his lands were united into the barony of Ballinbreich. At some point before 1458, he was then advanced to the title of Earl of Rothes. During the Anglo-Scottish Wars , George de Lesly was the Leslys' first Earl. His son George Leslie, the 2nd Earl, and his grandson were killed at
1333-587: The mountainous landscapes of the Scottish Highlands . This area includes cities like Edinburgh and Glasgow and is known for its fertile farmland, historic sites, and urban centres. It is the more populous and industrialised part of Scotland compared to the sparsely populated Highlands. Culturally, the Lowlands and the Highlands diverged from the Late Middle Ages into the modern period , when Lowland Scots replaced Scottish Gaelic throughout most of
Clan Leslie - Misplaced Pages Continue
1376-466: The remains of even earlier palaces and sites of settlement dating back 4,000 years. John Leslie, Bishop of Ross was born in 1526. He was the most loyal of Mary, Queen of Scots's supporters during the turbulent times of 1562. It was John Leslie who wrote for her the famous History of Scotland. He, the second baron of Wardes, was awarded extensive lands in the Garioch from James IV and was five times married. He
1419-499: The rule of the province to the French heirs, had stipulated must never be united with France. Because of this, the Dauphiné suffered from anarchy in the 14th and 15th centuries, since the Dauphins were frequently minors or concerned with other matters. During his period as Dauphin, Louis, son of Charles VII , defied his father by remaining in the province longer than the king permitted and by engaging in personal politics more beneficial to
1462-459: The seat of the chiefly Earls until 1926. Scottish Lowlands The Lowlands ( Scots : Lallans or Lawlands , pronounced [ˈlɑːlən(d)z, ˈlo̜ːl-] ; Scottish Gaelic : a' Ghalldachd , lit. 'place of the foreigners', pronounced [ə ˈɣauɫ̪t̪əxk] ) is a cultural and historical region of Scotland . The region is characterised by its relatively flat or gently rolling terrain as opposed to
1505-527: Was Alexander who was appointed Constable of the Bass of Inverurie in 1080 on behalf of the king, his brother-in-law. The progenitor of the Clan Leslie is a man named Bartolf who was a nobleman from Hungary , who came to Scotland in 1067. Bartolf was in the retinue of Edgar the Ætheling , brother of Saint Margaret of Scotland , who was later the queen of Malcolm III of Scotland . Bartholf later married Malcolm III's sister, Princess Beatrix of Scotland. Bartolf
1548-489: Was Governor of Smolensk . The seventh Earl of Rothes was created Duke of Rothes by Charles II in 1680. John Hamilton-Leslie, 9th Earl of Rothes , was Vice Admiral of Scotland and governor of the royal Stirling Castle . During the Jacobite rising of 1715 , he supported the British government and commanded a regiment of cavalry at the Battle of Sheriffmuir . He sold much of the clan estates but Leslie House near Fife remained
1591-538: Was destroyed by the Covenanter army of Sir David Leslie, restoring the power of the Committee of Estates. Dunaverty Castle was a MacDonald stronghold. During the Civil War, it was besieged in 1647 by Scottish supporters of Oliver Cromwell who were led by David Leslie, from Clan Leslie. The MacDonalds surrendered and then 300 of them were massacred. The castle is nothing more than a ruin now, known as Blood Rock. During
1634-580: Was ruling Duke of Brittany , so united the arms of that province with the typical arms of a Dauphin; Francis II , while Dauphin, was also King of Scots by marriage to Mary I , and added the arms of the Kingdom of Scotland to those of the Dauphin). Originally the Dauphin was personally responsible for the rule of the Dauphiné , which was legally part of the Holy Roman Empire , and which the emperors, in giving
1677-402: Was said to be a man of intellect and bravery and as a result Malcolm III made him governor of the royal Edinburgh Castle and gave him estates in Fife , Angus , the Mearns and Aberdeenshire . It is said that Bartolf helped the queen across a dangerous river on a horse and that Bartolf told her to "grip fast", which is where the Leslie family motto originates. Bartolf established himself in
1720-417: Was sentenced to death but he escaped and rejoined King Charles and continued to fight. Leslie's Scottish Covenanter force was defeated by the Scottish Parliamentarian forces who were at this point in time loyal to the Parliament of England and Oliver Cromwell at the Battle of Dunbar (1650) . Leslie successfully commanded the Scottish Argyll Government Royalist forces at the Battle of Carbisdale (1650) where he
1763-488: Was the largest battle of the English and Scottish Civil War, and one of the most decisive. It resulted in a Parliamentarian victory, which meant that the north of England was effectively lost to King Charles for the rest of the war. During the Civil War, General David Leslie, Lord Newark , was victorious commanding his Scottish Covenanters force against a Scottish Royalist force at the Battle of Philiphaugh in 1645. The Royalist army of James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose ,
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1806-541: Was the title given to the heir apparent to the throne of France from 1350 to 1791, and from 1824 to 1830. The word dauphin is French for dolphin and was the hereditary title of the ruler of the Dauphiné of Viennois . While early heirs were granted these lands to rule, eventually only the title was granted. Guigues IV , Count of Vienne , had a dolphin on his coat of arms and was nicknamed le Dauphin . The title of Dauphin de Viennois descended in his family until 1349, when Humbert II sold his seigneury , called
1849-410: Was victorious against Scottish Royalist forces commanded by James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose. Leslie's Royalist Forces were defeated at the Battle of Worcester in 1651. Leslie, who was now commanding Royalist forces, had supported the plan of fighting in Scotland, where royal support was strongest. King Charles, however, insisted on making the war in England. Leslie was captured and imprisoned in
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