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29-613: Cheviot may refer to: Places [ edit ] The Cheviot , the highest summit in the Cheviot Hills, United Kingdom Cheviot, Victoria , Australia Cheviot, New Zealand in North Canterbury Cheviot (New Zealand electorate) , a parliamentary electorate in the Canterbury region of New Zealand Cheviot, Ohio , United States Other [ edit ] Cheviot goat ,

58-580: A 9-man US Air Force crew. Aircraft wreckage is still seen on the mountain today. Other than the route via the Pennine Way, most routes up the Cheviot start from the Harthope Burn side to the northeast, which provides the nearest access by road. The summit is around 3 mi (5 km) from the road-end at Langleeford; across the valley to the east is the rounded peak of Hedgehope . There are routes following

87-761: A beach in Victoria, Australia Cheviot Lake , a lake in Saskatchewan, Canada Cheviot Mountain , a summit in Alberta, Canada Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Cheviot . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cheviot&oldid=983800022 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

116-489: A height of 2,674 feet (815 metres) above sea-level, is located on the northernmost few miles of the Pennine Way , before the descent into Kirk Yetholm . The Cheviot was formed when melting in the crust over 390 million years ago gave rise to volcanic activity, producing a stratovolcano and pluton , and it has subsequently sustained intense erosion. Several watercourses radiate from The Cheviot. The name Cheviot , which

145-603: A landrace population of goats in Northern England Cheviot sheep , a breed of sheep originally from the borders of England and Scotland Cheviot (cloth) , a type of tweed , made originally from the wool of the Cheviot sheep HMS Cheviot (R90) , a C-class destroyer of the British Royal Navy launched in 1944 SS Cheviot , an English steamer ship of the late 19th century See also [ edit ] Cheviot Hills (disambiguation) Cheviot Beach ,

174-490: A radical restructuring of the vowel system. Notes: Through comparative linguistics , it is possible to approximately reconstruct the declension paradigms of Common Brittonic: Notes: Notes: Notes: Brittonic-derived place names are scattered across Great Britain, with many occurring in the West Country ; however, some of these may be pre-Celtic. The best example is perhaps that of each (river) Avon , which comes from

203-521: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages The Cheviot The Cheviot ( / ˈ tʃ iː v i ə t / ) is an extinct volcano and the highest summit in the Cheviot Hills and in the county of Northumberland . Located in the extreme north of England , it is a 1 + 1 ⁄ 4 -mile (2-kilometre) walk from the Scottish border and, with

232-540: Is the highest point in the Cheviot Hills , the county top of Northumberland , England's highest point outside of Cumbria and fourth-highest outside the Lake District, after Cross Fell, Great Dun Fell and Little Dun Fell. It is located in the Northumberland National Park and is 41 miles (66 kilometres) from the city of Newcastle-upon-Tyne . It can be viewed in the distance from the peak of Cow Hill on

261-728: The Ettrick Hills , the Pentlands and even the southern peaks of the Grampians and the Mounth . The summit is a triangular plateau covered with peat quagmires. Usway Burn , a tributary of the Coquet , rises on The Cheviot, as does College Burn, which flows across a series of cascades though a gorge known as Hen Hole on the western flank of the mountain and merges with the Bowmont Water to form

290-585: The Firth of Forth . Cumbric disappeared in the 12th century, and in the far south-west, Cornish probably became extinct in the 18th century, though its use has since been revived . O'Rahilly's historical model suggests a Brittonic language in Ireland before the introduction of the Goidelic languages , but this view has not found wide acceptance. Welsh and Breton are the only daughter languages that have survived fully into

319-566: The River Glen near Kirk Newton. Harthope Burn also has its source at the Cheviot. The Cheviot is an extinct stratovolcano eruptive during the Caledonian orogeny (490-390 Ma), in which volcanic activity arose from melting within the mantle crust . The mountain is heavily eroded, and originally may have been as high as 10,000 ft (3,000 m), with a diameter perhaps of 37 miles (60 km). Volcanic vents may have been located along

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348-766: The Town Moor , the city's largest park. The mountain can also be viewed from most areas of Northumberland and from as far south as central County Durham. The Cheviot's summit boasts views of many upland areas such as the Lake District , including Scafell Pike (England's highest mountain) over 80 miles to the south-west, the North Pennines and the North York Moors in Northern England, as well as several in Scotland including

377-530: The reivers of the English East and Middle Marches in the 16th and 17th century. During World War II , The Cheviot and the hills surrounding it were the site of aircraft crashes which claimed the lives both of Allied and German airmen. A local shepherd John Dagg and his sheepdog rescued a pilot following an RAF crash in 1942. Dagg also rescued survivors of a crash in December 1944, which killed 2 members of

406-546: The 21st century. Cornish fell out of use in the 1700s but has since undergone a revival . Cumbric and Pictish are extinct and today spoken only in the form of loanwords in English, Scots , and Scottish Gaelic . The early Common Brittonic vowel inventory is effectively identical to that of Proto-Celtic. /ɨ/ and /ʉ/ have not developed yet. By late Common Brittonic, the New Quantity System had occurred, leading to

435-536: The Cheviot form the rocks that underlie Branxton and Flodden Ridge . Granitic magma was intruded into the layers of lava during the time period immediately before the volcano became inactive. The resulting 19 sq mi (50 km ) pluton was exposed by erosion during the Carboniferous (+298 Ma). Glacial till in common in the area, which is a remnant of the Last Ice Age (< 115 Ka), during which

464-531: The Cheviot is to Beinn a' Ghlò , 112 miles away in the Grampians of the Scottish Highlands . Common Brittonic It is a form of Insular Celtic , descended from Proto-Celtic , a theorized parent language that, by the first half of the first millennium BC, was diverging into separate dialects or languages. Pictish is linked, likely as a sister language or a descendant branch. Evidence from early and modern Welsh shows that Common Brittonic

493-470: The Cheviots were beneath ice sheets. The peat expanses date from the immediately post-glacial period. Flattened remnants of a Neolithic henge monument have been uncovered at nearby Hethpool. The stone circle may date to around 2500 BC, and is hypothesized to have been a ritualistic gateway to the mountain. Harthope Burn, which cuts a deep valley on the flanks of The Cheviot, marked the boundary between

522-734: The Romanised towns and their descendants, and later from church use. By 500–550 AD, Common Brittonic had diverged into the Neo-Brittonic dialects: Old Welsh primarily in Wales, Old Cornish in Cornwall, Old Breton in what is now Brittany, Cumbric in Northern England and Southern Scotland, and probably Pictish in Northern Scotland. The modern forms of Breton and Welsh are the only direct descendants of Common Brittonic to have survived fully into

551-416: The faults at Harthope and Thirl Moor. The earliest volcanic activity in the area was violent and explosive, with exposed ash and ignimbrite showing pyroclastic flows to have reached Coquetdale and Ingram . Later activity consisted of andesitic , trachyte and rhyolitic lava extrusion, which abnormally for such lavas, covered an area as large as 230 sq mi (600 km ). Lavas erupted from

580-414: The final word has been rendered cuamiinai .) This text is often seen as: 'The affixed – Deuina, Deieda, Andagin [and] Uindiorix – I have bound'; else, at the opposite extreme, taking into account case-marking – -rix 'king' nominative, andagin 'worthless woman' accusative, dewina deieda 'divine Deieda' nominative/vocative – is: 'May I, Windiorix for/at Cuamena defeat [or 'summon to justice']

609-456: The flatness of the summit plateau. Nevertheless, on a clear day the following are visible (from west, clockwise); Broad Law , Moorfoot Hills , Pentland Hills , the Ochils , Lammermuir Hills , Ros Hill , Long Crag , Urra Moor , Tosson Hill , Burnhope Seat , Cross Fell , Helvellyn , Scafell Pike , Skiddaw , Sighty Crag , Peel Fell , and Queensberry . The longest possible line of sight from

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638-457: The language differed little from that of Gaul . Comparison with what is known of Gaulish confirms the similarity. Pictish , which became extinct around 1000 years ago, was the spoken language of the Picts in Northern Scotland. Despite significant debate as to whether this language was Celtic, items such as geographical and personal names documented in the region gave evidence that this language

667-558: The modern day. No documents in the language have been found, but a few inscriptions have been identified. The Bath curse tablets , found in the Roman feeder pool at Bath, Somerset ( Aquae Sulis ), bear about 150 names – about 50% Celtic (but not necessarily Brittonic). An inscription on a metal pendant (discovered there in 1979) seems to contain an ancient Brittonic curse: " Adixoui Deuina Deieda Andagin Uindiorix cuamenai ". (Sometimes

696-399: The ridges above either side of the valley, and a route that sticks to the valley floor until it climbs to the summit of the Cheviot from the head of the valley . Although the Pennine Way does a 2 mi (3 km) out-and-back detour to the Cheviot, many walkers who come this way omit it, since the stage (the most northerly) is 29 mi (47 km) long. The view is obscured greatly by

725-559: The time of 75–100 AD. The term Pritenic is controversial. In 2015, linguist Guto Rhys concluded that most proposals that Pictish diverged from Brittonic before c.  500 AD were incorrect, questionable, or of little importance, and that a lack of evidence to distinguish Brittonic and Pictish rendered the term Pritenic "redundant". Common Brittonic vied with Latin after the Roman conquest of Britain in 43 AD, at least in major settlements. Latin words were widely borrowed by its speakers in

754-689: The worthless woman, [oh] divine Deieda.' A tin/lead sheet retains part of nine text lines, damaged, with likely Brittonic names. Local Roman Britain toponyms (place names) are evidentiary, recorded in Latinised forms by Ptolemy 's Geography discussed by Rivet and Smith in their book of that name published in 1979. They show most names he used were from the Brittonic language. Some place names still contain elements derived from it. Tribe names and some Brittonic personal names are also taken down by Greeks and, mainly, Romans. Tacitus 's Agricola says that

783-414: Was first documented in 1181 as Chiuiet , is probably of Brittonic origin. The name involves the element *ceμ- , meaning "a ridge", and the nominal suffix -ed , which in place-names can mean "having the quality of". The inclusion of the definite article in its name is optional, with some hillwalkers simply referring to the mountain as 'Cheviot'. At 2,674 feet (815 metres) above sea-level, The Cheviot

812-531: Was most closely aligned with the Brittonic branch of Celtic languages. The question of the extent to which this language was distinguished, and the date of divergence, from the rest of Brittonic, was historically disputed. Pritenic (also Pretanic and Prittenic ) is a term coined in 1955 by Kenneth H. Jackson to describe a hypothetical Roman-era (1st to 5th centuries) predecessor to the Pictish language. Jackson saw Pritenic as having diverged from Brittonic around

841-654: Was significantly influenced by Latin during the Roman period , especially in terms related to the church and Christianity . By the sixth century AD, the languages of the Celtic Britons were rapidly diverging into Neo-Brittonic : Welsh , Cumbric , Cornish , Breton , and possibly the Pictish language . Over the next three centuries, Brittonic was replaced by Scottish Gaelic in most of Scotland, and by Old English (from which descend Modern English and Scots ) throughout most of modern England as well as Scotland south of

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