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87-634: The earliest predecessors of the School were originally part of the RK Leergangen , a Catholic education institution that settled in Tilburg in 1918 after being originally established in 1912. The various art institutes that form the school came under the Stichting Hoger Onderwijs Zuid-Nederland in 1991, which in 1996 rebranded as Fontys Hogescholen . Since 2005, they have all been located in

174-643: A Bachelor of Dance programme taught in English, with three different specialisations after a shared first year: two profiles in Dance Arts in Context, ( Contemporary and Contemporary Urban ), and one in Choreography . The training and research programme includes a wide range of performance and movement practices. Students are encouraged to be creators of and performers in their own work. The Academie voor Danseducatie offers

261-433: A drawing board or table, pencil sharpener and eraser , and for ink drawing, blotting paper . Other tools used are circle compass , ruler , and set square . Fixative is used to prevent pencil and crayon marks from smudging. Drafting tape is used to secure paper to drawing surface, and also to mask an area to keep it free of accidental marks, such as sprayed or spattered materials and washes. An easel or slanted table

348-416: A frisket and applied to the drawing surface, protecting the surface from stray marks until the mask is removed. Another method to preserve a section of the image is to apply a spray-on fixative to the surface. This holds loose material more firmly to the sheet and prevents it from smearing. However the fixative spray typically uses chemicals that can harm the respiratory system, so it should be employed in

435-435: A postgraduate programme for musicians. The characteristic of this programme is that it is highly personalised: each students receives a two-year scholarship and must use it to tailor their curriculum in accordance with their artistic and professional needs. They can use their budget to take courses at Fontys as well as at other institutions or with independent artists. The Visual Arts sector (Dutch: Sector Beeldende Vorming )

522-583: A Dutch-taught bachelor preparing students for a career in Dance education . The Master in Choreography is jointly offered by Fontys School of Fine and Performing Arts together with Codarts University of the Arts in Rotterdam . At this part time programme offered in English across Tilburg and Rotterdam, students are supposed to carry out research into questions initiating from their current practice. The Theatre sector

609-782: A Dutch-taught bachelor program in design . Students experience different fields of design, from graphic design to spatial design , specialising in one by the end of the course. At postgraduate level, Fontys offers three master's in Art Education , Architecture and Urbanism . The Master Kunsteducatie (Master in Art Education) is offered in Dutch over two years, while the two MSc programmes in Architecture and Urbanism are offered in English over four years. All three are offered part time and are oriented towards combining work and study at

696-460: A congregation of nuns in 1965") remain "state of the art on the inside and outside". Today, the campus houses three institutes: Fontys Teacher Training Academy (FKE), Fontys Technology and Logistics (FTenL) and Fontys International Business Studies (FIBS). Although Venlo 's city centre was rebuilt after the Second World War, it has buildings dating back to the 14th century. The city retained

783-547: A curved shape above the square building. Fontys University of Applied Sciences Fontys University of Applied Sciences is a Dutch university of applied sciences, located in the southern Netherlands . It has over 44,000 students in several campuses. The three largest Fontys campuses are located in the cities of Eindhoven , Tilburg and Venlo . The name Fontys comes from the Latin word "fons" which means "source". Fontys offers 200 bachelor's and master's study programmes in

870-492: A fingertip, or any combination of them. A piece of chamois is useful for creating smooth textures, and for removing material to lighten the tone. Continuous tone can be achieved with graphite on a smooth surface without blending, but the technique is laborious, involving small circular or oval strokes with a somewhat blunt point. Shading techniques that also introduce texture to the drawing include hatching and stippling . A number of other methods produce texture. In addition to

957-432: A gradation of tone. Stippling uses dots to produce tone , texture and shade . Different textures can be achieved depending on the method used to build tone. Drawings in dry media often use similar techniques, though pencils and drawing sticks can achieve continuous variations in tone. Typically a drawing is filled in based on which hand the artist favors. A right-handed artist draws from left to right to avoid smearing

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1044-421: A great sophistication in drawing techniques, enabling artists to represent things more realistically than before, and revealing an interest in geometry and philosophy. The invention of the first widely available form of photography led to a shift in the hierarchy of the arts. Photography offered an alternative to drawing as a method for accurately representing visual phenomena, and traditional drawing practice

1131-518: A job after studies. Fontys has partnerships with more than 500 international companies including 3M , Adidas , Bayer , BMW , Coca-Cola , Daimler AG , Deloitte , Ernst & Young , Henkel , IKEA , KPMG , L'Oréal , Metro AG , Nike, Inc. , Philips , Porsche , Robert Bosch GmbH , Siemens , Sony , Vodafone and Volkswagen . These companies either offer projects and/or internships to Fontys students. Fontys has several student associations throughout its campuses: Drawing Drawing

1218-526: A key element in creating an artistic piece, and the interplay of light and shadow is a valuable method in the artist's toolbox. The placement of the light sources can make a considerable difference in the type of message that is being presented. Multiple light sources can wash out any wrinkles in a person's face, for instance, and give a more youthful appearance. In contrast, a single light source, such as harsh daylight, can serve to highlight any texture or interesting features. When drawing an object or figure,

1305-510: A master of the next generation, was also the son of a goldsmith. Old Master Drawings often reflect the history of the country in which they were produced, and the fundamental characteristics of a nation at that time. In 17th-century Holland, a Protestant country, there were almost no religious artworks, and, with no King or court, most art was bought privately. Drawings of landscapes or genre scenes were often viewed not as sketches but as highly finished works of art. Italian drawings, however, show

1392-409: A particular object at a particular time and in a particular space, rendered with little addition of visual detail that can not be seen in the object represented or with little deletion of visual detail." Investigative studies have aimed to explain the reasons why some individuals draw better than others. One study posited four key abilities in the drawing process: motor skills required for mark-making,

1479-568: A program focused on 'docerend theatermaking' ('Teaching Theatremaking'). After being incorporated in Fontys Hogescholen , the school moved to Tilburg and became part of the Fontys School of Fine and Performing Arts in 2005. The bachelor programme in 'Docerend Theatermaker' ('Teaching Theatremaking') is offered in Dutch and combines acting and theatre practice with Dramaturgy and teacher training . Two bachelor programmes are offered in

1566-410: A role in drawing ability, though its effects are not significant. It has been suggested that an individual's ability to perceive an object they are drawing is the most important stage in the drawing process. This suggestion is supported by the discovery of a robust relationship between perception and drawing ability. This evidence acted as the basis of Betty Edwards ' how-to-draw book, Drawing on

1653-510: A surface, leaving a visible mark. The most common support for drawing is paper , although other materials, such as cardboard , vellum , wood , plastic, leather , canvas , and board , have been used. Temporary drawings may be made on a blackboard or whiteboard . Drawing has been a popular and fundamental means of public expression throughout human history. It is one of the simplest and most efficient means of communicating ideas. The wide availability of drawing instruments makes drawing one of

1740-478: A variety of different sizes and qualities, ranging from newspaper grade up to high quality and relatively expensive paper sold as individual sheets. Papers vary in texture, hue, acidity, and strength when wet. Smooth paper is good for rendering fine detail, but a more "toothy" paper holds the drawing material better. Thus a coarser material is useful for producing deeper contrast. Newsprint and typing paper may be useful for practice and rough sketches . Tracing paper

1827-410: A very realistic rendition of the image. Blending uses an implement to soften or spread the original drawing strokes. Blending is most easily done with a medium that does not immediately fix itself, such as graphite, chalk, or charcoal, although freshly applied ink can be smudged, wet or dry, for some effects. For shading and blending, the artist can use a blending stump , tissue , a kneaded eraser ,

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1914-410: A well-ventilated area such as outdoors. Another technique is subtractive drawing in which the drawing surface is covered with graphite or charcoal and then erased to make the image. Shading is the technique of varying the tonal values on the paper to represent the shade of the material as well as the placement of the shadows. Careful attention to reflected light, shadows and highlights can result in

2001-449: Is a visual art that uses an instrument to mark paper or another two-dimensional surface. The instruments used to make a drawing are pencils , crayons , pens with inks , brushes with paints , or combinations of these, and in more modern times, computer styluses with graphics tablets or gamepads in VR drawing software. A drawing instrument releases a small amount of material onto

2088-419: Is accessible via six surrounding airports: Eindhoven Airport , Maastricht Aachen Airport , Düsseldorf Airport , Weeze Airport , Cologne Bonn Airport and Dortmund Airport . Fontys provides full-time study programmes. Several programmes are offered in English or German. Fontys has over 100 partner universities around the world, including Australia, Canada, China, Finland, Hong Kong, Italy, Mexico, Taiwan,

2175-416: Is also familiar with how the proportions vary depending on the age of the subject, particularly when drawing a portrait. Linear perspective is a method of portraying objects on a flat surface so that the dimensions shrink with distance. Each set of parallel, straight edges of any object, whether a building or a table, follows lines that eventually converge at a vanishing point. Typically this convergence point

2262-514: Is also given to artistic research, entrepreneurship, interdisciplinarity, international connectedness and self-management. Additionally, the AMPA offers a pre-bachelor program as well as a course for musicians aged 8 to 18 known as the Young Musicians Academy. The Academie voor Muziekeducatie offers a bachelor programme taught in Dutch, focused on teacher training for musicians and preparing

2349-462: Is available throughout the campuses, enabling students to bring their laptop. In this way students can work, study, search for information whenever they want. The Student Facilities department at Fontys University of Applied Sciences offers advice and support about financial affairs, course-related matters, practical matters, sports facilities and student associations, supervises during the course of studies and provides information about events relating to

2436-474: Is distinct from painting, even though similar media often are employed in both tasks. Dry media, normally associated with drawing, such as chalk, may be used in pastel paintings. Drawing may be done with a liquid medium, applied with brushes or pens. Using a brush for drawing is very widespread and here it is more the process of using lines and hatching, that characterises something as a drawing. Similar supports likewise can serve both: painting generally involves

2523-505: Is done annually by the Centre of Higher Education Information and published in the Keuzegids HBO. It takes into account the perspectives of experts, students and universities themselves. Next to factors such as student satisfaction with their university's lecturers and study content, student success rates, IT facilities and practice-orientation the ranking is based on the accreditation reports of

2610-665: Is formed by: The Academie voor Theater traces its origins back to the Academie voor Drama established in Eindhoven by Ad Overweel in 1986, under the auspices of Hogeschool Eindhoven. This academy was originally located in a former monastery by the river Dommel in Eindhoven. Originally, the Academie had three areas of study: acting, directing, and teaching. After a few years, the school profiled itself towards teacher training specifically, with

2697-474: Is formed by: When Hendrik Moller established the RK Leergangen in 1912, it included a drawing course. Originally located in Amsterdam, the RK Leergangen moved to Den Bosch in 1913 and ultimately to Tilburg in 1918. After expanding with a section in architecture , the institution took the name of Academie voor Beeldende en Technische Vakken and from 1920, Academie voor Beeldende en Bouwende Kunsten . From

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2784-460: Is located in the west of Tilburg, at the Gimbrerelaan. The FHJ houses studios for radio and television, as well as a printing press for internal publications. Students can choose various majors, including audiovisual journalism, newspaper and magazine journalism and corporate journalism. In 2005, the academy celebrated its 25th anniversary, organizing several conferences on the future of journalism in

2871-485: Is officially registered in the Dutch Commercial Registry. For nearly a year the students manage their company including: writing a business plan, selling shares to finance their entrepreneurial activities, developing and selling a product/service, and filing a tax report. All positions and functions within the company are filled by students. At the end of the academic year the company is properly liquidated. Over

2958-463: Is one of the oldest forms of human expression within the visual arts. It is generally concerned with the marking of lines and areas of tone onto paper/other material, where the accurate representation of the visual world is expressed upon a plane surface. Traditional drawings were monochrome , or at least had little colour, while modern colored-pencil drawings may approach or cross a boundary between drawing and painting . In Western terminology, drawing

3045-690: Is one of the oldest forms of human expression, with evidence for its existence preceding that of written communication. It is believed that drawing was used as a specialised form of communication before the invention of the written language, demonstrated by the production of cave and rock paintings around 30,000 years ago ( Art of the Upper Paleolithic ). These drawings, known as pictograms, depicted objects and abstract concepts. The sketches and paintings produced by Neolithic times were eventually stylised and simplified in to symbol systems ( proto-writing ) and eventually into early writing systems . Before

3132-422: Is somewhere along the horizon, as buildings are built level with the flat surface. When multiple structures are aligned with each other, such as buildings along a street, the horizontal tops and bottoms of the structures typically converge at a vanishing point. When both the fronts and sides of a building are drawn, then the parallel lines forming a side converge at a second point along the horizon (which may be off

3219-591: Is the means by which ink, pigment, or color are delivered onto the drawing surface. Most drawing media either are dry (e.g. graphite , charcoal , pastels , Conté , silverpoint ), or use a fluid solvent or carrier ( marker , pen and ink ). Watercolor pencils can be used dry like ordinary pencils, then moistened with a wet brush to get various painterly effects. Very rarely, artists have drawn with (usually decoded) invisible ink . Metalpoint drawing usually employs either silver or lead. More rarely used are gold, platinum, copper, brass, bronze, and tinpoint. Paper comes in

3306-689: Is used to experiment over a half-finished drawing, and to transfer a design from one sheet to another. Cartridge paper is the basic type of drawing paper sold in pads. Bristol board and even heavier acid-free boards, frequently with smooth finishes, are used for drawing fine detail and do not distort when wet media (ink, washes) are applied. Vellum is extremely smooth and suitable for very fine detail. Coldpressed watercolor paper may be favored for ink drawing due to its texture. Acid-free, archival quality paper keeps its color and texture far longer than wood pulp based paper such as newsprint , which turns yellow and becomes brittle much sooner. The basic tools are

3393-481: Is used to keep the drawing surface in a suitable position, which is generally more horizontal than the position used in painting. Almost all draftsmen use their hands and fingers to apply the media, with the exception of some disabled individuals who draw with their mouth or feet. Prior to working on an image, the artist typically explores how various media work. They may try different drawing implements on practice sheets to determine value and texture, and how to apply

3480-538: The Dansacademie . Under the leadership of Andries Clement, who became director in 1975, the conservatoire grew to over 500 students. In 1984, it returned under the umbrella of the RK Leergangen , which in 1991 merged with other institutions into the Stichting Hoger Onderwijs Zuid-Nederland, known from 1996 as Fontys Hogescholen . As the facilities at the Cenakel were deemed unsuitable for the rising student numbers, in 1996

3567-739: The Fontys Conservatorium moved, together with the Dansacademie , into the so-called Kunstkluster , a new building designed by Jo Coenen on the Bisschop Zwijsenstraat. In 2005, they were joined by the Rockacademie , Academie voor Theater , Beeldende Vorming and Architectuur en stedebow to bring all sectors of the Fontys School of Fine and Performing Arts under the same roof. In 2017, the Conservatorium changed names to Academy of Music and Performing Arts ( AMPA ), coinciding with

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3654-526: The Muses '). The various sections of the building have different architectural styles, but they are all connected through a long corridor along which the entrances to classrooms, rehearsal studios and other spaces are placed. The northern entrance is hidden behind a patio -shaped square, where the entrance to the Concert Hall is also located. The Concert Hall, with its 840 seats, is a distinct feature as it rises in

3741-570: The Netherlands . Founded in 1980 as the Academy of Journalism and Public Relations , the school had a Catholic background in its early years, although students and teachers have always doubted the existence of Catholic journalism. Several years ago the school joined Fontys Hogescholen , a community of higher vocational schools in the south of the Netherlands, and was given its current name. The FHJ-building

3828-818: The Dutch-Flemish Accreditation Organisation ( NVAO ). All Fontys study programmes are accredited by the Dutch-Flemish Accreditation Organisation ( NVAO ) or equivalent British accreditation bodies. About 11% of Fontys students come from abroad; they represent more than 70 countries around the world, with a large delegation from Germany. Many of these international students are enrolled as exchange students or degree students in English-taught bachelor and master programmes, often offered in cooperation with Fontys' partner universities in other countries. Fontys campuses are equipped with computer rooms, libraries and student restaurants. Wireless internet

3915-413: The Netherlands or abroad. Students chose the company themselves but Fontys also provides a list of local and international partner companies. During both internships students work on a specific company project. They are supervised by one university lecturer and one company employee. Amongst others, these internships are useful for building a professional network and getting work experience which eases getting

4002-442: The Netherlands". On a regular basis, Fontys University of Applied Sciences is among the top-ranked universities of applied sciences in the Netherlands. Fontys scores above-average in the study fields of engineering, IT , logistics as well as business administration and management (consisting of the study programmes International Business (IB), Marketing Management (MM), and International Finance & Control (IFC). The ranking

4089-530: The Netherlands. Fontys Venlo is a young campus with an old history. At first, the Venlo University of Applied Sciences was established on the grounds of the former country estate De Wylderbeek (whose forest still contains protected artifacts from Roman times). In the late 1990s, the institution joined the Fontys network. Several renovations and expansions helped the campus buildings ("which were originally built by

4176-725: The Stitchting Brabants Conservatorium en Muziekschool. Under director Willem Goedhard, the Conservatoire, now known as Brabants Conservatorium , obtained formal recognition from the government. The school grew as Goedhard managed to attract several talented teachers from the Eastern Bloc . In 1971, the Brabants Conservatorium moved to the former monastery on the Kampenbaan, known as the Cenakel, together with

4263-816: The United Kingdom, the United States, Vietnam, and Zambia among others. In their third academic year, Fontys students are given the opportunity of studying abroad for one semester at one of the mentioned partner universities. Alternatively, students can choose to stay at Fontys and take part in one of many academic minors (secondary academic discipline) such as International Business Management, Trendwatching, Game Business or Event Management . Fontys offers accommodation to its international students. Together with about 10 students from different study programmes, all business students at Fontys in Venlo start their own company which

4350-422: The appearances of specific parts of the completed image, or for experimenting with the best approach for accomplishing the end goal. However a well-crafted study can be a piece of art in its own right, and many hours of careful work can go into completing a study. Individuals display differences in their ability to produce visually accurate drawings. A visually accurate drawing is described as being "recognized as

4437-594: The application of liquid paint onto prepared canvas or panels, but sometimes an underdrawing is drawn first on that same support. Drawing is often exploratory, with considerable emphasis on observation, problem-solving and composition. Drawing is also regularly used in preparation for a painting, further obfuscating their distinction. Drawings created for these purposes are called sketches. There are several categories of drawing, including figure drawing , cartooning , doodling , and freehand . There are also many drawing methods, such as line drawing , stippling, shading ,

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4524-449: The beginning it offered a course that combined teaching training with autonomous artistic expression. At the end of the 1950s, the architecture department separated from the institution, which then took the name Academie voor Opleiding tot Teken- en Handvaardigheidsleraren . In 1972 the school changed names again to Academie voor Leraren Tekenen en Handenarbeid and gained its current name, Academie voor Beeldende Vorming , in 1978. When

4611-407: The changing phases of Venus and also the sunspots through his observational telescopic drawings. In 1924, geophysicist Alfred Wegener used illustrations to visually demonstrate the origin of the continents. Drawing is one of the easiest ways to visualise ideas and to express one's creativity; therefore it has been prominent in the world of art. Throughout much of history, drawing was regarded as

4698-410: The choice of paper, drawing material and technique affect texture. Texture can be made to appear more realistic when it is drawn next to a contrasting texture; a coarse texture is more obvious when placed next to a smoothly blended area. A similar effect can be achieved by drawing different tones close together. A light edge next to a dark background stands out to the eye, and almost appears to float above

4785-465: The cube, sphere, cylinder, and cone. Once these basic volumes have been assembled into a likeness, then the drawing can be refined into a more accurate and polished form. The lines of the primitive volumes are removed and replaced by the final likeness. Drawing the underlying construction is a fundamental skill for representational art, and is taught in many books and schools. Its correct application resolves most uncertainties about smaller details, and makes

4872-439: The drawer's own perception of their drawing, perception of objects being drawn, and the ability to make good representational decisions. Following this hypothesis, several studies have sought to conclude which of these processes are most significant in affecting the accuracy of drawings. Motor control is an important physical component in the 'Production Phase' of the drawing process. It has been suggested that motor control plays

4959-418: The drawing paper.) This is a two-point perspective. Converging the vertical lines to a third point above or below the horizon then produces a three-point perspective. Depth can also be portrayed by several techniques in addition to the perspective approach above. Objects of similar size should appear ever smaller the further they are from the viewer. Thus the back wheel of a cart appears slightly smaller than

5046-399: The field of musical theatre , one focused on music and the other on dance . Both are taught in Dutch. The Academy of Circus and Performance Art offers a bachelor programme taught in English, training students in the profession of circus performer across a variety of circus skills . The Fontys School of Fine and Performing Arts is located in a building on the Bisschop Zwijsenstraat, at

5133-449: The fields of economics, technology, health care, social work, sports and teacher training . A selection of these programmes are offered in German and English. Independent Dutch university rankings by Keuzegids place Fontys among the top-ranked large universities of applied sciences in the Netherlands . In 2014, former Fontys Chairperson Nienke Meijer was named the "Most Influential Woman in

5220-437: The final image look consistent. A more refined art of figure drawing relies upon the artist possessing a deep understanding of anatomy and the human proportions. A trained artist is familiar with the skeleton structure, joint location, muscle placement, tendon movement, and how the different parts work together during movement. This allows the artist to render more natural poses that do not appear artificially stiff. The artist

5307-401: The foreground. The composition of the image is an important element in producing an interesting work of artistic merit . The artist plans element placement in the art to communicate ideas and feelings with the viewer. The composition can determine the focus of the art, and result in a harmonious whole that is aesthetically appealing and stimulating. The illumination of the subject is also

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5394-440: The foundation for artistic practice. Initially, artists used and reused wooden tablets for the production of their drawings. Following the widespread availability of paper in the 14th century, the use of drawing in the arts increased. At this point, drawing was commonly used as a tool for thought and investigation, acting as a study medium whilst artists were preparing for their final pieces of work. The Renaissance brought about

5481-444: The front wheel. Depth can be portrayed through the use of texture . As the texture of an object gets further away it becomes more compressed and busy, taking on an entirely different character than if it was close. Depth can also be portrayed by reducing the contrast in more distant objects, and by making their colors less saturated. This reproduces the effect of atmospheric haze, and cause the eye to focus primarily on objects drawn in

5568-719: The historical significance of its monuments and old facades. Ald Weishoes (Old Orphanage), Romerhoes (Roman House), the Stadhuis (City Hall) and the St. Martinuskerk (St. Martin's Church) are just some of the many historic buildings in Venlo's city centre. From 2013 to 2015, together with The Hague, Venlo was chosen to have the "best city centre in The Netherlands". Both the location on the River Meuse and its close distance to Germany make Venlo one of Europe's most important logistics hotspots. It

5655-435: The image. Erasers can remove unwanted lines, lighten tones, and clean up stray marks. In a sketch or outline drawing, lines drawn often follow the contour of the subject, creating depth by looking like shadows cast from a light in the artist's position. Sometimes the artist leaves a section of the image untouched while filling in the remainder. The shape of the area to preserve can be painted with masking fluid or cut out of

5742-404: The implement to produce various effects. The artist's choice of drawing strokes affects the appearance of the image. Pen and ink drawings often use hatching – groups of parallel lines. Cross-hatching uses hatching in two or more different directions to create a darker tone. Broken hatching, or lines with intermittent breaks, form lighter tones – and controlling the density of the breaks achieves

5829-623: The influence of Catholicism and the Church, which played a major role in artistic patronage. The same is often true of French drawings, although in the 17th century the disciplines of French Classicism meant drawings were less Baroque than the more free Italian counterparts, which conveyed a greater sense of movement. In the 20th century Modernism encouraged "imaginative originality" and some artists' approach to drawing became less literal, more abstract. World-renowned artists such as Pablo Picasso , Andy Warhol and Jean-Michel Basquiat helped challenge

5916-425: The most common artistic activities. In addition to its more artistic forms, drawing is frequently used in commercial illustration , animation , architecture , engineering , and technical drawing . A quick, freehand drawing, usually not intended as a finished work, is sometimes called a sketch . An artist who practices or works in technical drawing may be called a drafter , draftsman, or draughtsman. Drawing

6003-513: The past years, several Fontys student companies participated in national and international business competitions and were awarded for their successful business. Engineering students at Fontys Venlo take part in the Software Factory where they develop customized software solutions for cooperating companies. During their studies, all Fontys students do two internships (one semester in the third and fourth academic year). Internships can be done in

6090-581: The same roof, the ABV moved to the Kunstkluster on the Bisschop Zwijsenstraat in 2005. The Academie voor Beeldende Vorming offers a Dutch-taught bachelor programme focused on teacher training in the field of arts and design. Students learn art practice in different fields of the visual arts while training to teach art in different context. They prepare for a career in art education , in schools, museums and more. The Academy of Art, Communicatie and Design offers

6177-409: The same time. The Dance sector is formed by: The Dansacademie was established in Tilburg in 1965 and has since the beginning been closely associated to the Brabants Conservatorium . In 1975 it moved to the Cenakel on the Kampenbaan, formerly a monastery, together the Conservatorium . Both institutions moved to the new Kunstkluster on the Bisschop Zwijsenstraat in 1996. The Dance Academy offers

6264-402: The same venue in a building known as Kunstkluster ('Art cluster'). Fontys offers various bachelor and master degree programmes in English and in Dutch, across different fields in music , visual arts , dance , theatre and performing arts . The School is divided into four sectors: Music, Visual Arts, Dance and Theatre. The Music sector is formed by: The Conservatorium in Tilburg

6351-654: The school had moved to Tilburg in 1918, it was originally based in the Lange Schijfstraat and later moved to the Vincentiusstraat, to the Bosscheweg (now Tivolistraat) and then to the Professor Cobbenhagenlaan. The school had in the meantime become part of the Stichting Hoger Onderwijs Zuid-Nederland, known from 1996 as Fontys Hogescholen . Following the impetus to group all arts education in Tilburg under

6438-426: The skilled artist pays attention to both the area within the silhouette and what lies outside. The exterior is termed the negative space , and can be as important in the representation as the figure. Objects placed in the background of the figure should appear properly placed wherever they can be viewed. A study is a draft drawing that is made in preparation for a planned final image. Studies can be used to determine

6525-581: The southern side of the Tilburg city centre. Known as Kunstkluster ('Art cluster'), this building includes a concert hall and is connected with a footbridge to the Stadsschouwburg , designed by Bernard Bijvoet and Gerard Holt in 1961. The Kunstkluster was developed in two phases. The first phase, completed in 1996, included the Concert Hall, the Conservatorium and the Dansacademie. The second phase

6612-514: The status quo, with drawing being very much at the centre of their practice, and often re-interpreting traditional technique. Basquiat's drawings were produced in many different mediums, most commonly ink, pencil, felt-tip or marker, and oil-stick, and he drew on any surface that came to hand, such as doors, clothing, refrigerators, walls and baseball helmets. The centuries have produced a canon of notable artists and draftsmen, each with their own distinct language of drawing, including: The medium

6699-401: The students for a career in music education . The Rockacademie offers a Dutch-taught bachelor programme in pop music , in which the students can experience different domains such as music, business , education and sound & music technology and ultimately specialise as performer , session musician , business manager, skills and bandcoach, audio engineer . The Master of Music is

6786-547: The study process. Fontys International Campus Eindhoven is located in the south-east of the Netherlands. Fontys has three locations in Tilburg . Fontys International Campus Stappegoor is located on the southern outskirts of the city. The campus population consists of diverse students, ranging from Economics students to Software engineering students. Fontys School of Fine and Performing Arts (Dutch: Fontys Hogeschool voor de Kunsten – FHK ) groups all educational programs in

6873-442: The subject with each other. A finger placed at a point along the drawing implement can be used to compare that dimension with other parts of the image. A ruler can be used both as a straightedge and a device to compute proportions. When attempting to draw a complicated shape such as a human figure, it is helpful at first to represent the form with a set of primitive volumes. Almost any form can be represented by some combination of

6960-422: The surface. Measuring the dimensions of a subject while blocking in the drawing is an important step in producing a realistic rendition of the subject. Tools such as a compass can be used to measure the angles of different sides. These angles can be reproduced on the drawing surface and then rechecked to make sure they are accurate. Another form of measurement is to compare the relative sizes of different parts of

7047-580: The surrealist method of entopic graphomania (in which dots are made at the sites of impurities in a blank sheet of paper, and lines are then made between the dots), and tracing (drawing on a translucent paper, such as tracing paper , around the outline of preexisting shapes that show through the paper). A quick, unrefined drawing may be called a sketch . In fields outside art, technical drawings or plans of buildings, machinery, circuitry and other things are often called "drawings" even when they have been transferred to another medium by printing. Drawing

7134-533: The switch to offering courses fully taught in English. The Rockacademie was established in 1999 by Bertus Borgers and Gerard Boontje as an independent institution and it was originally located in the Veemarktkwartier, near the pop music venue 013 , before moving to the 'Kunstkluster' in 2005. The AMPA currently offers a Bachelor of Music taught in English, with programmes both in classical music and jazz . Next to instrument and ensemble playing, emphasis

7221-474: The visual and performing arts under the same roof in a building known as the Kunstkluster ('Art cluster') located in the centre of the city. The Fontys Academy of Journalism (Dutch: Fontys Hogeschool voor Journalistiek – FHJ ) is located in the Professor Gimbrèrelaan, in the west of the city, and is one of the four journalism schools in the Netherlands. It is one of the four journalism schools in

7308-545: The widespread availability of paper in Europe, monks in European monasteries used drawings, either as underdrawings for illuminated manuscripts on vellum or parchment, or as the final image. Drawing has also been used extensively in the field of science, as a method of discovery, understanding and explanation. Drawing diagrams of observations is an important part of scientific study. In 1609, astronomer Galileo Galilei explained

7395-410: Was established in 1918 by Hendrik Moller under the RK Leergangen , a Catholic educational institution. Originally a private music school for children and amateurs, it grew into a more formal institution under the leadership of pianist and organist Willem van Kalmthout. In 1929, it moved into a building in the Bosscheweg, an area now part of Tivolistraat. In 1954, it became an independent institution under

7482-513: Was given less emphasis as an essential skill for artists, particularly so in Western society. Drawing became significant as an art form around the late 15th century, with artists and master engravers such as Albrecht Dürer and Martin Schongauer ( c.  1448 –1491), the first Northern engraver known by name. Schongauer came from Alsace, and was born into a family of goldsmiths. Albrecht Dürer,

7569-419: Was opened on 4 November 2005, when all other institutions previously located around Tilburg merged under the same roof. Designed by architect Jo Coenen , the new building incorporated existing elements, such as a 19th-century former monastery with an organ hall and library as well as a neo-Gothic former chapel built in 1895. The building is designed around a courtyard known as Muzentuin ('Garden of

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