43-543: Bounty Island may refer to: Bounty Islands , a small group of 13 islets and numerous rocks in the south Pacific Ocean which are territorially part of New Zealand. Bounty Island, the common name of Kadavulailai Island in the Mamanuca Islands group, Fiji. See also [ edit ] Bounty (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
86-416: A boat from the wreckage. Two of the men navigated the boat to nearby Erebus Cove, Port Ross, on Auckland Island , where they obtained supplies from the government depot that had been established there. They then returned to collect the remaining men, and the group lived at Port Ross until they were rescued by the sealer Awarua on 19 July, that took them to Melbourne . Four years later, on 19 March 1891,
129-400: A crew of 28 subsisted on what water and food they could find, mainly mollymawks and seals, and dug crude sand shelters. Using wood scavenged on the island and canvas from the ship's sails, they crafted a crude coracle to bear four men across the seven-mile strait to Auckland Island in search of depots. After several attempts and the loss of two boats, they made a successful crossing to
172-666: A line-of-latitude route in the Southern Ocean . Ships dropped below the Roaring Forties to make use of the prevailing westerlies that carried them around Cape Horn . These winds could be strong and the waters treacherous; moreover, the smattering of islands was often poorly charted. For example, in 1868, Henry Armstrong of the Amherst notified the New Zealand government that the commonly used chart prepared by James Imray in 1851 placed
215-487: A patrolling government steamer Hinemoa and were able to attract its attention by waving a flag made from their sail. The steel barque Anjou ran ashore on Auckland Island on 5 February 1905. The 22 crew members made it ashore in Carnley Harbour on three of the ship's boats after rowing against strong currents. Ten days later they reached the depot at Camp Cove, that provided them with ample supplies as well as
258-589: A small group of uninhabited granite islets and numerous rocks, with a combined area of circa 50 ha (120 acres) in the South Pacific Ocean. Territorially part of New Zealand , they lie about 670 km (420 mi) east-south-east of New Zealand's South Island , 530 km (330 mi) south-west of the Chatham Islands , and 215 km (134 mi) north of the Antipodes Islands . The group
301-496: A total of nine shipwrecks leaving marooned castaways in the New Zealand subantarctic between 1833 and 1908. Some survivors' lives were saved by the existence of the castaway depots. The Auckland Islands alone had eight known shipwrecks – including those with no survivors – between 1864 and 1907, at the cost of 121 lives; a number of these are buried at the historic Enderby cemetery. The first castaways to make use of one of these depots were members of
344-746: Is a World Heritage Site . The islands are listed with the New Zealand Outlying Islands . The islands are an immediate part of New Zealand, but not part of any region or district . Rather, they are listed as an Area Outside Territorial Authority , similar to all other outlying islands except for the Solander Islands / Hautere . Captain William Bligh discovered the Bounty Islands en route from Spithead to Tahiti in 1788, and named them after his ship HMS Bounty , just months before
387-526: Is a store or hut placed on an isolated island to provide emergency supplies and relief for castaways and victims of shipwrecks. A string of depots were built by the New Zealand government on their subantarctic islands in the late-19th and early-20th centuries that were kept supplied and patrolled until modern technologies and alteration in trade routes rendered them unnecessary. The standard trade clipper route from Australia and New Zealand to Europe took
430-462: Is around 700 metres in length and 400 metres across at its widest point. Proclamation and Tunnel Islands are separated from Depot Island by only a narrow cleft, and are joined to it at low tide. A small islet off the north coast of this group's Spider Island is the chain's northernmost point; the westernmost point is the western tip of Penguin Island. The Centre Group is located some 1.5 to 2 kilometres to
473-546: Is the group's southernmost island, and contains the chain's second-highest point, 70 m (230 ft) above sea level. This group contains two large islets and one small islet, along with several reefs and stacks, one of which is the easternmost point in the chain. The islands are at the antipodes of Bouillé-Ménard , in France ( Pays de la Loire ). The following table includes named islands according to Land Information New Zealand . Castaway depot A castaway depot
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#1732852177576516-562: The Grafton that was wrecked on the Auckland Islands in 1864, described the "incessant gales, constant hail, snow and pelting rain" that plagued the survivors. The Grafton , a schooner out of Sydney in search of tin deposits, ran aground in Carnley Harbour during a storm in January 1864; the five survivors lived in huts made from salvaged materials for 19 months before three members of
559-548: The Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra ecoregion . Plants include Cook's scurvy grass . The group is home to an endemic spider Pacificana cockayni , endemic insects, and large numbers of seabirds . The Bounty group has been identified as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because of its significance as a breeding site for erect-crested penguins , Salvin's albatrosses and Bounty shags . There are 13 granite islands that make up
602-791: The Auckland Island pig , Enderby Island cattle and the Enderby Island rabbit , retain rare characteristics. The Department of Conservation has transported some of these previously introduced animal populations off the islands and onto the New Zealand mainland, where they are monitored by the Rare Breeds Conservation Society of New Zealand , in an effort to return the subantarctic islands to their natural state. The goats , however, became extinct before these efforts began. Some islands were provided with boatsheds to enable survivors to reach other land or close castaway depots, such as
645-513: The Auckland Islands 35 miles (56 km) south of their true position. Regardless of the charts' accuracy, the cloudy weather predominant in the area made navigation by sextant difficult. The uninhabited Auckland Islands lay directly within the standard route. In the event of a shipwreck on any of these islands, due to their subantarctic climate they offered little natural sustenance or provisions to castaways. Thomas Musgrave , captain of
688-482: The Department of Conservation (DOC); these include the 1908 hut on Antipodes Island, the 1880 Stella Hut on Enderby Island , and the boatshed on Enderby. The 1890s castaway depot at Camp Cove, Carnley Harbour , on Auckland Island was identified in a 2003 DOC survey as "worthy of inclusion on the 'actively managed' list." DOC also maintain other historical sites on the islands, including shipwreck relics. There were
731-616: The Hinemoa noticed signs that there were castaways, located them, and was able to pick them up from the island and carry them to Dunedin . Sailors from the Compadre and the Anjou engraved their names on the walls of the Camp Cove depot. On 6 March 1907, the steel barque Dundonald was wrecked on Disappointment Island in the Auckland Islands. The island lacked a depot, and the 17 castaways from
774-641: The Hinemoa on 16 November, and once Captain Bollons had completed his steamship's survey of the Campbell and Antipodes Islands, were taken to Bluff. The last crew of castaways to obtain relief from the depots were the 22 crew members from the French barque President Félix Faure that was wrecked off the North Cape of Antipodes Island on 13 March 1908. Their lifeboat was broken up by the waves and all their stores were lost, but
817-584: The Auckland Group as well as on The Snares , the Antipodes and Campbell groups. Sheep were also widespread, and rabbits were released at Enderby and Auckland Island in 1840, and Rose Island in 1850. Cattle were temporarily farmed on Enderby Island, but had been released there earlier as castaway stock. Many of these animals died, but some survived into the 20th century. These small populations remained isolated from other breeds, and consequently many, such as
860-673: The Bounty Island group. The whole chain is only 5 km (3.1 mi) across at its longest axis, and comprises three subgroups: the Main Group, the Centre Group, and the East Group. The total area is only 1.35 km (0.52 sq mi). The Main Group is the largest of the three groups, and is located in the northwest of the chain. It includes the group's largest island, Depot Island, which
903-458: The barque Compadre was overwhelmed by fire on board. With seas too rough to launch boats, the barque was driven onto the rocks off the North Cape of Auckland Island. All of the 17 crew members made it ashore, although one of them later died. They obtained relief and sustenance from two nearby depots, supplemented by livestock that had been released onto the island, and survived in comparatively good health until rescued 122 days later by
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#1732852177576946-420: The central New Zealand government took over responsibility for managing the network of supply huts and cabins on their territorial islands to provide sustenance and emergency supplies. From 1877 to 1927, government steamers such as NZGSS Hinemoa , patrolled the depots to check for survivors and maintain the facilities. The steamers visited each island every six months, doing maintenance and repairs of
989-474: The collapse of the historic Rose Island boatshed in 1973, the punt was transferred to Enderby Island. It is now on display at the Southland Museum . Some depots were targeted by thieves, whalers and other seamen who saw the depots as a source of free food and provisions. To discourage raiding, clothing left at the depots was often distinctively marked, so it could be identified, and warnings were painted on
1032-489: The crew made the journey successfully to Stewart Island in five days in the repaired ship's boat; Captain Musgrave then arranged a rescue of the remaining two castaways. The same year, the three-masted clipper Invercauld , en route to Chile, was wrecked on the northwestern end of the island. Of the 25 crew members, 19 made it ashore, but only three survived the winter. The others succumbed to exposure; they were unaware of
1075-480: The crew of the Derry Castle , an iron barque that was wrecked on Enderby Island on 20 March 1887. Eight of the 23 crew made it ashore. A depot was in place at Sandy Bay, but looters had removed all supplies but a bottle of salt, so the castaways subsisted on shellfish and a small quantity of wheat recovered from the wreck. After 92 days they discovered an axe head in the sand and were able to use it to build
1118-407: The depot on Enderby Island that was replaced by a boat shed for survivors to reach the nearby Auckland Island . The survivors of the Derry Castle , in 1887, built a punt to carry them from Enderby Island to Auckland Island. Following their rescue, a government steamer moved the punt to a new boatshed on Rose Island (that lies south west of Enderby Island), for the use of any marooned there. After
1161-508: The discovery of the General Grant shipwreck survivors on Auckland Island in 1867, New Zealand's Southland provincial government, and some Australian states, established a number of emergency depots on Auckland, Campbell , Antipodes and Bounty Islands . The initial expedition to create the depots was led by Henry Armstrong of the Amherst in 1868. The first wooden depot was built and provisioned at Sandy Bay, Enderby Island . In 1877,
1204-532: The entire crew made it ashore not far from one of the depots. After they had used up the depot's supplies, they hunted albatrosses, penguins and a calf – the sole remnant of the cattle that had been set ashore earlier by the Hinemoa . They were rescued by the warship HMS Pegasus , that was alerted by the smoke from their fires. They reached Lyttelton on 15 May, and then went on to Sydney , from where they obtained passage back to France. In The Sea Chase ,
1247-413: The facilities, cutting firewood for the huts, and dropping off stocks of live animals. The steamers also transported (and supplied) a number of scientific expeditions that enabled collections and observations on the islands to be made. After about 1927, patrols and depot maintenance were discontinued due to improved radio technology and the falling out of use of the 40°S route for trade. The curse of
1290-525: The famous mutiny . The location of the islands were only roughly marked on charts. In early 1866 Commander W. H. Norman of HMVS Victoria (1855) was tasked with determining more accurately their position. He reported them as being latitude 47°50' South and longitude 179°00' East. Captain George Palmer, during the search for the Matoaka , placed the islands at 47°46'24" South 178°56'45" East. Palmer also annexed
1333-510: The huts. On the Auckland Islands , depots were established on the main island at the inner reaches of Norman Inlet, and at Erebus Cove, Port Ross (where there was also a boatshed). The boatshed and ruined depot are the only historical buildings left at Erebus Cove. Also present in Erebus Cove is a southern rata tree (known as the Victoria Tree) with a carved inscription commemorating
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1376-465: The island in October and journeyed across it to the depot. They found a boat at the depot along with the supplies, so after making sails from their clothing, the four men sailed back to Disappointment Island to retrieve their shipmates and return to the depot. With a gun and ammunition, the castaways were able to supplement their diet with wild cattle hunted on Rose and Enderby Islands. They were picked up by
1419-552: The islands for New Zealand. During the 19th century the area was a popular hunting-ground for sealers . The islands were also searched from time to time for missing ships and crews, including those from the General Grant and the Matoaka . The Hinemoa visited the islands in March 1886 and erected a depot for marooned sailors on the largest island. Captain Fairchild noted that there
1462-466: The presence of the Grafton crew castaways to the south. In 1866, the General Grant was wrecked on the western coast of Auckland Islands. Fifteen of the 83 on board survived the wreck, but only ten endured on the island until rescued by the Amherst 18 months later. These experiences prompted a concerted programme to manage the risk of castaways in the area, and depots were established. Following
1505-594: The routine castaway survey visit of the Australian government ship Victoria in 1865. Camp Cove, on Carnley Harbour , had a depot, shelter and boatshed. On Enderby Island, the Stella Hut was located inland from the later boat shed at Sandy Bay. Rose Island and Ewing Island had boatsheds. Signposts were located throughout the islands. On the Campbell Islands , depots were located at Hut Cove, Anchorage Bay. A depot
1548-619: The sealing schooner Janet Ramsay on 30 June, and carried to Bluff . Less successfully, the 11 survivors of the Spirit of the Dawn out of a crew of 16 failed to find the depots after foundering on a reef off the Antipodes Islands in 1893. The island is mountainous and their weakened physical state prevented them searching the island for the depots. However, they subsisted on raw muttonbirds , mussels and roots, and after 87 days, they sighted
1591-550: The shipping schedule of the Hinemoa so they knew how long they would have to wait for rescue. Captain Le Tellac commended the provisions that the government had left for the castaways, without which they would not have survived. Some of the supplies that should have been there were missing; these were later recovered from the house of a Mr. Fleming, a lessee of the island. Reaching Norman Inlet on 7 May, Captain John Bollons of
1634-433: The southeast of the Main Group, and contains three main islands, arrayed in a north–south line. A smaller islet lies immediately to the west. The northernmost of the Centre Group, Funnel Island, contains the chain's highest point, at 73 m (240 ft) above sea level. A further 1.5 kilometres to the east is the East Group, which is also arrayed roughly in a north–south line. The largest island in this group, Molly Cap,
1677-544: The title Bounty Island . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bounty_Island&oldid=1029821231 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Bounty Islands The Bounty Islands ( Māori : Moutere Hauriri ; "Island of angry wind") are
1720-459: The widow and fatherless light upon the man that breaks open this box, whilst he has a ship at his back. Government warning on castaway depot Government work crews built the supply depots out of various materials and to various sizes and designs. They were equipped with a range of emergency rations (tinned meat and biscuits), clothing, blankets, fishing equipment, medicine, matches and tools, and weapons and ammunition (to hunt food). Clothing
1763-445: Was established on the rocky Bounty Islands . In 1891, while on a cruise in search of the missing ships Kakanui and Assaye , Captain Fairchild of the Hinemoa noted that the Bounty Island depot had been destroyed by waves, even though located 100 ft above sea level. Attempts were made to land wood for rebuilding, but bad weather prevented the completion of the task. A number of these depots are still in situ and are managed by
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1806-452: Was no fresh water available on these islands. The depot had been destroyed by the sea by the time the Stella visited the island in 1887. A new Admiralty chart 1022 was issued for the area in 1888, which took into account survey work undertaken by the Hinemoa . In November 1891 the Hinemoa returned to the islands and built a fresh provisions storage. Ecologically, the islands are part of
1849-404: Was specially made out of durable, warm fabrics, and stored in metal drums. "Finger posts" (signposts) were set up on the island to direct castaways to the huts. Various animals were released onto the islands to breed and provide food for castaways. Pigs were released on the Auckland Islands from the early 19th century, followed later by goats on Auckland, Enderby , Ewing , and Ocean Island in
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