88-602: Annunciation Seminary , commonly referred to by the Latin name Seminarium Annuntiationis , is a former Catholic seminary in Bailu , Pengzhou , Sichuan , southwestern China . The seminary was operated by French missionaries from 1908 to 1949, and is one of the largest French-styled church complexes in Sichuan. Following the departure of the French missionaries in 1949, the seminary complex
176-738: A Hong Kong edition in 1997. By 2006, it had a reported circulation of 300,000, of which two thirds were in China and one third international. In 2010, it launched China Daily Asia Weekly, a tabloid -sized pan-Asian edition. In December 2012, China Daily launched an Africa edition, published in Nairobi , the capital of Kenya . This edition aimed expand the China Daily readership, of both African people and Chinese people who live in Africa, and showcase China's interests in Africa. In 2015, China Daily published
264-450: A fake op-ed which the publication claimed was penned by Peter Hessler . They combined part of the transcript of an interview he had done with comments from another person interviewed as well as completely fabricated parts and ran it as an op-ed under Hessler's byline without his knowledge or permission. The fabricated op-ed contained made up praise for China and misrepresented Hessler's own words by taking them out of context. According to
352-526: A faster pace. It is characterised by greater use of prepositions, and word order that is closer to modern Romance languages, for example, while grammatically retaining more or less the same formal rules as Classical Latin. Ultimately, Latin diverged into a distinct written form, where the commonly spoken form was perceived as a separate language, for instance early French or Italian dialects, that could be transcribed differently. It took some time for these to be viewed as wholly different from Latin however. After
440-718: A few in German , Dutch , Norwegian , Danish and Swedish . Latin is still spoken in Vatican City, a city-state situated in Rome that is the seat of the Catholic Church . The works of several hundred ancient authors who wrote in Latin have survived in whole or in part, in substantial works or in fragments to be analyzed in philology . They are in part the subject matter of the field of classics . Their works were published in manuscript form before
528-404: A few. Famous and well regarded writers included Petrarch, Erasmus, Salutati , Celtis , George Buchanan and Thomas More . Non fiction works were long produced in many subjects, including the sciences, law, philosophy, historiography and theology. Famous examples include Isaac Newton 's Principia . Latin was also used as a convenient medium for translations of important works first written in
616-548: A native language, Medieval Latin was used across Western and Catholic Europe during the Middle Ages as a working and literary language from the 9th century to the Renaissance , which then developed a classicizing form, called Renaissance Latin . This was the basis for Neo-Latin which evolved during the early modern period . In these periods Latin was used productively and generally taught to be written and spoken, at least until
704-516: A one-month trial. It was initially led by Jiang Muyue, with Liu Zhunqi as editor in chief. It was the first national daily English-language newspaper in China after the establishment of the People's Republic in 1949. Its initial circulation was 22,000, which grew to 65,000 by the following year. The paper was a departure from other Chinese newspapers at the time: it was "a Western -style paper", in content, style, and organizational structure. By July 1982,
792-520: A report that cited China Daily and other state media outlets for "selective highlighting" of potential vaccine side-effects and "disregarding contextual information or ongoing research" to present Western vaccines as unsafe. In October 2021, the German Marshall Fund reported that China Daily was one of several state media outlets propagating a conspiracy theory concerning the origins of COVID-19 . In January 2022, China Daily alleged that
880-551: A result, the list has variants, as well as alternative names. In addition to the historical phases, Ecclesiastical Latin refers to the styles used by the writers of the Roman Catholic Church from late antiquity onward, as well as by Protestant scholars. The earliest known form of Latin is Old Latin, also called Archaic or Early Latin, which was spoken from the Roman Kingdom , traditionally founded in 753 BC, through
968-407: A separate language, existing more or less in parallel with the literary or educated Latin, but this is now widely dismissed. The term 'Vulgar Latin' remains difficult to define, referring both to informal speech at any time within the history of Latin, and the kind of informal Latin that had begun to move away from the written language significantly in the post-Imperial period, that led ultimately to
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#17328550483901056-607: A simple mouthpiece" and has a "distinctive, if quixotic, status". In 2009, China Daily was called "the most influential English language national newspaper in China" according to University of St. Thomas scholar Juan Li. It is known for original reporting. Non-governmental organization Reporters Without Borders has accused China Daily of engaging in censorship and propaganda. The New York Times wrote that China Daily 's inserts published in US newspapers "generally offer an informative, if anodyne, view of world affairs refracted through
1144-695: A small number of Latin services held in the Anglican church. These include an annual service in Oxford, delivered with a Latin sermon; a relic from the period when Latin was the normal spoken language of the university. In the Western world, many organizations, governments and schools use Latin for their mottos due to its association with formality, tradition, and the roots of Western culture . Canada's motto A mari usque ad mare ("from sea to sea") and most provincial mottos are also in Latin. The Canadian Victoria Cross
1232-429: A sort of informal language academy dedicated to maintaining and perpetuating educated speech. Philological analysis of Archaic Latin works, such as those of Plautus , which contain fragments of everyday speech, gives evidence of an informal register of the language, Vulgar Latin (termed sermo vulgi , "the speech of the masses", by Cicero ). Some linguists, particularly in the nineteenth century, believed this to be
1320-565: A spoken and written language by the scholarship by the Renaissance humanists . Petrarch and others began to change their usage of Latin as they explored the texts of the Classical Latin world. Skills of textual criticism evolved to create much more accurate versions of extant texts through the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, and some important texts were rediscovered. Comprehensive versions of authors' works were published by Isaac Casaubon , Joseph Scaliger and others. Nevertheless, despite
1408-432: A strictly left-to-right script. During the late republic and into the first years of the empire, from about 75 BC to AD 200, a new Classical Latin arose, a conscious creation of the orators, poets, historians and other literate men, who wrote the great works of classical literature , which were taught in grammar and rhetoric schools. Today's instructional grammars trace their roots to such schools , which served as
1496-640: A vernacular, such as those of Descartes . Latin education underwent a process of reform to classicise written and spoken Latin. Schooling remained largely Latin medium until approximately 1700. Until the end of the 17th century, the majority of books and almost all diplomatic documents were written in Latin. Afterwards, most diplomatic documents were written in French (a Romance language ) and later native or other languages. Education methods gradually shifted towards written Latin, and eventually concentrating solely on reading skills. The decline of Latin education took several centuries and proceeded much more slowly than
1584-411: Is Veritas ("truth"). Veritas was the goddess of truth, a daughter of Saturn, and the mother of Virtue. Switzerland has adopted the country's Latin short name Helvetia on coins and stamps, since there is no room to use all of the nation's four official languages . For a similar reason, it adopted the international vehicle and internet code CH , which stands for Confoederatio Helvetica ,
1672-451: Is "one of our most important tools in carrying out external propaganda". A former copy-editor (or "polisher" as termed at China Daily ) for the newspaper described her role being "to tweak propaganda enough that it read as English, without inadvertently triggering war." Journalist Michael Ottey described his time working for China Daily as "almost like working for a public relations firm" and added "it wasn't really honest journalism. It
1760-857: Is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages . Latin was originally spoken by the Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio ), the lower Tiber area around Rome , Italy. Through the expansion of the Roman Republic it became the dominant language in the Italian Peninsula and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire . By the late Roman Republic , Old Latin had evolved into standardized Classical Latin . Vulgar Latin refers to
1848-626: Is a reversal of the original phrase Non terrae plus ultra ("No land further beyond", "No further!"). According to legend , this phrase was inscribed as a warning on the Pillars of Hercules , the rocks on both sides of the Strait of Gibraltar and the western end of the known, Mediterranean world. Charles adopted the motto following the discovery of the New World by Columbus, and it also has metaphorical suggestions of taking risks and striving for excellence. In
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#17328550483901936-933: Is an English-language daily newspaper owned by the Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party . China Daily has the widest print circulation of any English-language newspaper in China. The headquarters and principal editorial office is in the Chaoyang District of Beijing . The newspaper has branch offices in most major cities of China as well as several major foreign cities including New York City , Washington, D.C. , London , and Kathmandu . China Daily also produces an insert of sponsored content called China Watch that has been distributed inside other newspapers including The New York Times , The Wall Street Journal , The Washington Post , and Le Figaro . Within mainland China,
2024-548: Is found in any widespread language, the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy have retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments, bolstered by the stabilising influence of their common Christian (Roman Catholic) culture. It was not until the Muslim conquest of Spain in 711, cutting off communications between the major Romance regions, that the languages began to diverge seriously. The spoken Latin that would later become Romanian diverged somewhat more from
2112-661: Is modelled after the British Victoria Cross which has the inscription "For Valour". Because Canada is officially bilingual, the Canadian medal has replaced the English inscription with the Latin Pro Valore . Spain's motto Plus ultra , meaning "even further", or figuratively "Further!", is also Latin in origin. It is taken from the personal motto of Charles V , Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain (as Charles I), and
2200-407: Is subject to differing accounts. According to China Daily , the building was used as a local elementary school campus, an office building, a storehouse, and a hospital. Gao Wei, on the other hand, asserted that no one used the building after the elementary school moved out in 1951. Aurore Staiger from Historia magazine claimed that the seminary was briefly used to house the elderly in 1949 before
2288-958: Is taught at many high schools, especially in Europe and the Americas. It is most common in British public schools and grammar schools, the Italian liceo classico and liceo scientifico , the German Humanistisches Gymnasium and the Dutch gymnasium . Occasionally, some media outlets, targeting enthusiasts, broadcast in Latin. Notable examples include Radio Bremen in Germany, YLE radio in Finland (the Nuntii Latini broadcast from 1989 until it
2376-531: The Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum (CIL). Authors and publishers vary, but the format is about the same: volumes detailing inscriptions with a critical apparatus stating the provenance and relevant information. The reading and interpretation of these inscriptions is the subject matter of the field of epigraphy . About 270,000 inscriptions are known. The Latin influence in English has been significant at all stages of its insular development. In
2464-498: The Chicago Tribune to sever financial ties with China Daily . Media outlets such as The New York Times , NPR , Quartz , and BuzzFeed News have published accounts of China Daily 's dissemination of disinformation related to the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests . In September 2019, China Daily 's official Facebook account stated that Hong Kong protesters were planning on launching terrorist attacks on 11 September of
2552-499: The Associated Press , the editorial repeated Chinese Communist Party talking points and China Daily refused to retract it although it subsequently removed the English language version of the op-ed. In 2018, the paper fabricated a quote by the mayor of Davos , Tarzisius Caviezel. A January 2020 report by Freedom House , a U.S. non-governmental organization , noted that China Daily had increased its spending from $ 500,000 in
2640-562: The Holy See , the primary language of its public journal , the Acta Apostolicae Sedis , and the working language of the Roman Rota . Vatican City is also home to the world's only automatic teller machine that gives instructions in Latin. In the pontifical universities postgraduate courses of Canon law are taught in Latin, and papers are written in the same language. There are
2728-561: The Middle Ages , borrowing from Latin occurred from ecclesiastical usage established by Saint Augustine of Canterbury in the 6th century or indirectly after the Norman Conquest , through the Anglo-Norman language . From the 16th to the 18th centuries, English writers cobbled together huge numbers of new words from Latin and Greek words, dubbed " inkhorn terms ", as if they had spilled from a pot of ink. Many of these words were used once by
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2816-617: The Paris Foreign Missions Society to evangelize the province in 1753. The French priest Marie-Julien Dunand , who was the Apostolic Vicar of Sichuan, planned for a regional seminary in the countryside after an anti-missionary riot broke out in Chengdu in 1895. The construction of the seminary complex began in 1895 and was overseen by the French priest Alexandre Perrodin. Local architects and workers participated in building
2904-720: The People's Daily . According to its 2014 annual report, China Daily is formally managed by the State Council Information Office (SCIO), which was formed from the Central Publicity Department in 1991. The SCIO holds regular meetings with journalists and editors from China Daily on what they should publish. In 2014, the SCIO was absorbed into the CCP's Central Publicity Department. The SCIO has stated that China Daily
2992-559: The Roman Rite of the Catholic Church at the Vatican City . The church continues to adapt concepts from modern languages to Ecclesiastical Latin of the Latin language. Contemporary Latin is more often studied to be read rather than spoken or actively used. Latin has greatly influenced the English language , along with a large number of others, and historically contributed many words to
3080-553: The Romance languages . During the Classical period, informal language was rarely written, so philologists have been left with only individual words and phrases cited by classical authors, inscriptions such as Curse tablets and those found as graffiti . In the Late Latin period, language changes reflecting spoken (non-classical) norms tend to be found in greater quantities in texts. As it
3168-622: The Western Roman Empire fell in 476 and Germanic kingdoms took its place, the Germanic people adopted Latin as a language more suitable for legal and other, more formal uses. While the written form of Latin was increasingly standardized into a fixed form, the spoken forms began to diverge more greatly. Currently, the five most widely spoken Romance languages by number of native speakers are Spanish , Portuguese , French , Italian , and Romanian . Despite dialectal variation, which
3256-427: The 1934 mudslide was cleaned and excavated. It is then preserved and incorporated as a part of the restored chapel. According to Aurore Staiger, Tang Ming, the grandson of a priest who once served at the seminary, discovered many artifacts related to the seminary, including the altar which had been stolen and sold multiple times. As of 2016, Tang Ming was working for Pengzhou's heritage protection services, and he stored
3344-617: The British Crown. The motto is featured on all presently minted coinage and has been featured in most coinage throughout the nation's history. Several states of the United States have Latin mottos , such as: Many military organizations today have Latin mottos, such as: Some law governing bodies in the Philippines have Latin mottos, such as: Some colleges and universities have adopted Latin mottos, for example Harvard University 's motto
3432-567: The Chinese Communist Party. In June 2020, China Daily awarded a tender for a "foreign personnel analysis platform" to the Communication University of China to scan social media and automatically flag "false statements and reports on China." In September 2020, India's Ministry of External Affairs issued a statement saying that comments made by China Daily were falsely attributed to Ajit Doval . In September 2023,
3520-599: The English lexicon , particularly after the Christianization of the Anglo-Saxons and the Norman Conquest . Latin and Ancient Greek roots are heavily used in English vocabulary in theology , the sciences , medicine , and law . A number of phases of the language have been recognized, each distinguished by subtle differences in vocabulary, usage, spelling, and syntax. There are no hard and fast rules of classification; different scholars emphasize different features. As
3608-580: The Grinch Stole Christmas! , The Cat in the Hat , and a book of fairy tales, " fabulae mirabiles ", are intended to garner popular interest in the language. Additional resources include phrasebooks and resources for rendering everyday phrases and concepts into Latin, such as Meissner's Latin Phrasebook . Some inscriptions have been published in an internationally agreed, monumental, multivolume series,
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3696-420: The People's Republic of China in 1949, the French missionaries left and the seminary ceased its operations. According to Han Yang, upon its completion in 1908, the seminary complex had a total building area of 6,740 m (72,500 sq ft). The complex was divided into five distinct areas, which included the chapel, west, south, north, and east sides, with the east side building featuring three floors and
3784-582: The South and Southeast Asian Media Network. China Daily has continued to partner with other provincial "International Communication Centers" established by provincial CCP propaganda departments. In a 2004 journal article, University of Sheffield professor Lily Chen stated that China Daily was "essentially a publicly funded government mouthpiece". Judy Polumbaum stated in the Berkshire Encyclopedia of China (2009) that China Daily "resists definition as
3872-492: The U.S. planned to pay athletes to "sabotage" the 2022 Winter Olympics . In March 2022, China Daily published an article in Chinese which falsely claimed that COVID-19 was created by Moderna , citing a page on The Exposé , a British conspiracist website. A 2019 critical discourse analysis of China Daily 's coverage of Chinese Muslims found them to be portrayed as "obedient and dependent Chinese citizens who benefit from
3960-609: The US Department of State accused the Chinese government of information laundering by using a fictitious opinion columnist named "Yi Fan" writing in China Daily and other outsets to present state narratives as "organic sentiment". In January 2024, China Daily and the Yunnan International Communication Center, a project of the propaganda department of the Yunnan provincial CCP committee, jointly launched
4048-461: The United States the unofficial national motto until 1956 was E pluribus unum meaning "Out of many, one". The motto continues to be featured on the Great Seal . It also appears on the flags and seals of both houses of congress and the flags of the states of Michigan, North Dakota, New York, and Wisconsin. The motto's 13 letters symbolically represent the original Thirteen Colonies which revolted from
4136-552: The University of Kentucky, the University of Oxford and also Princeton University. There are many websites and forums maintained in Latin by enthusiasts. The Latin Misplaced Pages has more than 130,000 articles. Italian , French , Portuguese , Spanish , Romanian , Catalan , Romansh , Sardinian and other Romance languages are direct descendants of Latin. There are also many Latin borrowings in English and Albanian , as well as
4224-493: The author and then forgotten, but some useful ones survived, such as 'imbibe' and 'extrapolate'. Many of the most common polysyllabic English words are of Latin origin through the medium of Old French . Romance words make respectively 59%, 20% and 14% of English, German and Dutch vocabularies. Those figures can rise dramatically when only non-compound and non-derived words are included. China Daily China Daily ( Chinese : 中国日报 ; pinyin : Zhōngguó Rìbào )
4312-425: The benefit of those who do not understand Latin. There are also songs written with Latin lyrics . The libretto for the opera-oratorio Oedipus rex by Igor Stravinsky is in Latin. Parts of Carl Orff 's Carmina Burana are written in Latin. Enya has recorded several tracks with Latin lyrics. The continued instruction of Latin is seen by some as a highly valuable component of a liberal arts education. Latin
4400-409: The careful work of Petrarch, Politian and others, first the demand for manuscripts, and then the rush to bring works into print, led to the circulation of inaccurate copies for several centuries following. Neo-Latin literature was extensive and prolific, but less well known or understood today. Works covered poetry, prose stories and early novels, occasional pieces and collections of letters, to name
4488-415: The classicised Latin that followed through to the present are often grouped together as Neo-Latin , or New Latin, which have in recent decades become a focus of renewed study , given their importance for the development of European culture, religion and science. The vast majority of written Latin belongs to this period, but its full extent is unknown. The Renaissance reinforced the position of Latin as
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#17328550483904576-534: The collected artifacts in a room in the restored site. As of 2019, it remains unclear what purpose the rebuilt seminary complex will serve in the future. Gao Wei suggested that the complex could be turned into a cultural and recreational center, a philanthropic educational center, a historical museum, or it could continue to serve religious purposes. Latin Latin ( lingua Latina , pronounced [ˈlɪŋɡʷa ɫaˈtiːna] , or Latinum [ɫaˈtiːnʊ̃] )
4664-461: The country's full Latin name. Some film and television in ancient settings, such as Sebastiane , The Passion of the Christ and Barbarians (2020 TV series) , have been made with dialogue in Latin. Occasionally, Latin dialogue is used because of its association with religion or philosophy, in such film/television series as The Exorcist and Lost (" Jughead "). Subtitles are usually shown for
4752-493: The decline in written Latin output. Despite having no native speakers, Latin is still used for a variety of purposes in the contemporary world. The largest organisation that retains Latin in official and quasi-official contexts is the Catholic Church . The Catholic Church required that Mass be carried out in Latin until the Second Vatican Council of 1962–1965 , which permitted the use of the vernacular . Latin remains
4840-535: The earthquake started, but no one was injured. In late May 2008, the National Cultural Heritage Administration surveyed the cultural heritage sites in Sichuan and appointed Beijing Institute of Ancient Architecture ( 北京市古代建筑研究所 ) to assist the restoration of the seminary. In June 2008, Sichuan Provincial Cultural Heritage Administration ( 四川省文物管理局 ) confirmed the decision to rebuild the seminary complex. The Chinese State Council mentioned
4928-527: The earthquake, the impact of the earthquake, and potential methods of restoration. According to Gao Wei, reconstruction of the building commenced in 2009 and was completed in 2016. The process was impeded by the loss of the original design and blueprints from the French. Despite this setback, the restored complex retains a similar exterior appearance, structure, and floor plan to the original design, though different materials were used. The four sides were rebuilt in steel-concrete composite structures . The chapel
5016-570: The educated and official world, Latin continued without its natural spoken base. Moreover, this Latin spread into lands that had never spoken Latin, such as the Germanic and Slavic nations. It became useful for international communication between the member states of the Holy Roman Empire and its allies. Without the institutions of the Roman Empire that had supported its uniformity, Medieval Latin
5104-558: The first half of 2009 to over $ 5 million in the latter half of 2019 for increased print runs. China Daily said it had a circulation of 300,000 in the U.S. and 600,000 overseas. In February 2020, a group of U.S. lawmakers asked the United States Department of Justice to investigate China Daily for alleged violations of the Foreign Agents Registration Act. Later the same month, the United States Department of State designated China Daily , along with several other Chinese state media outlets, as foreign missions owned or controlled by
5192-407: The government shut down the site in 1950. Despite these variations, all sources agree that the site eventually fell into abandonment. In 1989, the building was listed as a county-level protected cultural site. In 2003, a report from China Daily stated that the local Catholic church had assigned locals to maintain the building while allowing them to grow corn on the grounds of the campus. In 2004,
5280-451: The government's intervention." In January 2021, a China Daily article praised a report from the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences , stating that government policies in Xinjiang had "emancipated" the minds of Uyghur women so that they are "no longer baby-making machines". The article drew condemnation as being a justification for reproductive policies which persecute Uyghur people , and sparked calls for Twitter to remove links to
5368-418: The height of mass demonstrations. The newspaper's coverage of the 2002–2004 SARS outbreak was reported to be more critical, fact-driven, and less laudatory than that of the People's Daily . A 2018 discourse analysis from Uppsala University found that prior to Xi Jinping 's accession, many China Daily articles portrayed their government as a particular kind of democracy, with democratic ideals such as
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#17328550483905456-469: The implementation of universal suffrage (in Hong Kong) and grassroots elections sometimes endorsed. After his accession, articles became more negative in tone toward democracy and shifted focus to portraying the "vices" of democracies in the West, particularly the United States. Scholars have described China Daily as effectively controlled by the Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party. Ideologically, it tends to adopt similar perspectives to
5544-504: The invention of printing and are now published in carefully annotated printed editions, such as the Loeb Classical Library , published by Harvard University Press , or the Oxford Classical Texts , published by Oxford University Press . Latin translations of modern literature such as: The Hobbit , Treasure Island , Robinson Crusoe , Paddington Bear , Winnie the Pooh , The Adventures of Tintin , Asterix , Harry Potter , Le Petit Prince , Max and Moritz , How
5632-412: The language of the Roman Rite . The Tridentine Mass (also known as the Extraordinary Form or Traditional Latin Mass) is celebrated in Latin. Although the Mass of Paul VI (also known as the Ordinary Form or the Novus Ordo) is usually celebrated in the local vernacular language, it can be and often is said in Latin, in part or in whole, especially at multilingual gatherings. It is the official language of
5720-440: The large areas where it had come to be natively spoken. However, even after the fall of Western Rome , Latin remained the common language of international communication , science, scholarship and academia in Europe until well into the early 19th century, by which time modern languages had supplanted it in common academic and political usage. Late Latin is the literary language from the 3rd century AD onward. No longer spoken as
5808-412: The late seventeenth century, when spoken skills began to erode. It then became increasingly taught only to be read. Latin grammar is highly fusional , with classes of inflections for case , number , person , gender , tense , mood , voice , and aspect . The Latin alphabet is directly derived from the Etruscan and Greek alphabets . Latin remains the official language of the Holy See and
5896-431: The later part of the Roman Republic , up to 75 BC, i.e. before the age of Classical Latin . It is attested both in inscriptions and in some of the earliest extant Latin literary works, such as the comedies of Plautus and Terence . The Latin alphabet was devised from the Etruscan alphabet . The writing later changed from what was initially either a right-to-left or a boustrophedon script to what ultimately became
5984-458: The lens of the Communist Party." In response to criticism, The New York Times , The Washington Post , The Daily Telegraph , and Nine Entertainment Co. ceased publishing China Daily 's China Watch inserts in their newspapers. In March 2024, US senator Marco Rubio publicly called on The Seattle Times , Houston Chronicle , The Boston Globe , Los Angeles Times , Time , USA Today , Financial Times , Sun Sentinel , and
6072-421: The less prestigious colloquial registers , attested in inscriptions and some literary works such as those of the comic playwrights Plautus and Terence and the author Petronius . While often called a "dead language", Latin did not undergo language death . By the 6th to 9th centuries, natural language change eventually resulted in Latin as a vernacular language evolving into distinct Romance languages in
6160-409: The newspaper and its various international editions as an "instrument of China's public diplomacy ." China Daily 's editorial policies have historically been described as slightly more liberal than other Chinese state news outlets. Its coverage of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre was overwhelmingly sympathetic to the student protests with many of its journalists joining in at
6248-418: The newspaper had plans to publish editions in the United States, the United Kingdom, and tentatively Australia. Initially, it struggled to find English-speaking journalists. China Daily began distribution in North America in 1983. It has been registered as a foreign agent in the United States under the Foreign Agents Registration Act since 1983. China Daily introduced an online edition in 1996 and
6336-400: The newspaper targets primarily diplomats , foreign expatriates , tourists, and locals wishing to improve their English. The China edition also offers program guides to Radio Beijing and television, daily exchange rates, and local entertainment schedules. It has been used as a guide to Chinese government policy and positions of the Chinese Communist Party . Scholar Falk Hartig describes
6424-462: The other varieties, as it was largely separated from the unifying influences in the western part of the Empire. Spoken Latin began to diverge into distinct languages by the 9th century at the latest, when the earliest extant Romance writings begin to appear. They were, throughout the period, confined to everyday speech, as Medieval Latin was used for writing. For many Italians using Latin, though, there
6512-471: The remaining three sides consisting of two floors each. The chapel was centrally located on the western side of the complex. A central courtyard, spanning approximately 600 m (6,500 sq ft), was enclosed within the complex. According to Gao Wei, the seminary complex was constructed using a combination of brick and wood materials. The walls were built with local bricks, but the beams, columns and other components were made of wood. The complex's roof
6600-656: The same year. In May 2020, CNN , Financial Times , and other media outlets reported that China Daily censored references to the origin of the COVID-19 pandemic from an opinion piece authored by European Union ambassadors. In January 2021, China Daily inaccurately attributed deaths in Norway to the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine . In April 2021, the European External Action Service published
6688-512: The seminary in the "Cultural and Natural Heritage" section of a notice it issued in September 2008 regarding restoration and reconstruction efforts after the earthquake. In an interview in June 2008, the head of Beijing Institute of Ancient Architecture, Han Yang, considered it "difficult" to rebuild the seminary complex. In 2009, he conducted a comprehensive study of the architecture of the seminary before
6776-535: The seminary the " Grand Séminaire ", distinguishing it from the other seminary in Pengzhou for younger students, which he called the " Petit Séminaire ". In Chinese, the seminary site is known as Lingbao Xiuyuan ( 领报修院 , 'Annunciation Seminary') or Shang Shuyuan (simplified Chinese: 上书院 ; traditional Chinese: 上書院 ; pinyin: Shàng Shūyuàn ; lit. 'Upper College'). The French Catholic presence in Sichuan began when Pope Benedict XIV entrusted
6864-461: The seminary, and it was completed in 1908. J.-M. Planchet, in his 1917 book Les Missions de Chine et du Japon , referred to the seminary as the " Grand Séminaire " of the Apostolic Vicariate of Northwestern Sichuan . According to Planchet, Perrodin headed the seminary, which also had two Chinese leaders, Irénée Ouang and André Tong. Perrodin died in China in 1933. After the founding of
6952-473: The site's protection level was raised to the province level. In May 2006, it was registered as a Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level of China. Most of the seminary complex collapsed during the earthquake on May 12, 2008 . According to witnesses, when the earthquake happened, there were couples posing for wedding photos at the site. The site collapsed eight to ten seconds after
7040-445: Was neo-Gothic , and the pillars of the seminary complex were neo-Romanesque . In the early 20th century, the upper seminary's west side and the backside of the chapel were damaged by a mudslide. The exact year of the mudslide is uncertain, with some sources reporting it to be 1928 while others suggest it occurred in 1934. Following the departure of the French missionaries, the seminary ceased its operations, but its subsequent history
7128-409: Was built in the chuandou structural system ( 穿斗式 ). The exterior of the chapel was made of marble and plastered white. Local workers in 2017 asserted that the marble and stained glass of the chapel were brought from France. According to Gao Wei, the complex was a blend of Chinese and western architectural styles. The four sides of the seminary were in traditional Chinese style . However, the chapel
7216-459: Was eventually abandoned. It was later named a Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level of China, and despite being severely damaged in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake, it was restored in 2016. The seminary is known by many different names across several languages. The Latin name "Seminarium Annuntiationis" is inscribed at the entrance of the building. In his 1917 book Les Missions de Chine et du Japon , J.-M. Planchet called
7304-413: Was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. On the contrary, Romanised European populations developed their own dialects of the language, which eventually led to the differentiation of Romance languages . Late Latin is a kind of written Latin used in the 3rd to 6th centuries. This began to diverge from Classical forms at
7392-415: Was more 'Let's make the Chinese government look good.'" Writer Mitch Moxley, who worked at China Daily from 2007 to 2008, wrote in 2013 that many of the articles published in the newspaper's opinion pages "violated everything [he] had ever learned about journalistic ethics , including China Daily' s own code: 'Factual, Honest, Fair, Complete.'" China Daily was officially established in June 1981 after
7480-496: Was much more liberal in its linguistic cohesion: for example, in classical Latin sum and eram are used as auxiliary verbs in the perfect and pluperfect passive, which are compound tenses. Medieval Latin might use fui and fueram instead. Furthermore, the meanings of many words were changed and new words were introduced, often under influence from the vernacular. Identifiable individual styles of classically incorrect Latin prevail. Renaissance Latin, 1300 to 1500, and
7568-441: Was no complete separation between Italian and Latin, even into the beginning of the Renaissance . Petrarch for example saw Latin as a literary version of the spoken language. Medieval Latin is the written Latin in use during that portion of the post-classical period when no corresponding Latin vernacular existed, that is from around 700 to 1500 AD. The spoken language had developed into the various Romance languages; however, in
7656-404: Was rebuilt differently than it was first built. It was reconstructed with a steel roof but without the original crosses. The stained glass was replaced with PVC , and the rib vaults were replaced with cloister vaults . The decorative element on the ceiling was also not restored, and the top of the chapel towers was redesigned. However, during the reconstruction, the part of the chapel buried in
7744-431: Was shut down in June 2019), and Vatican Radio & Television, all of which broadcast news segments and other material in Latin. A variety of organisations, as well as informal Latin 'circuli' ('circles'), have been founded in more recent times to support the use of spoken Latin. Moreover, a number of university classics departments have begun incorporating communicative pedagogies in their Latin courses. These include
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