93-744: The Yizhuang Line of the Beijing Subway ( simplified Chinese : 北京地铁亦庄线 ; traditional Chinese : 北京地鐵亦莊線 ; pinyin : Běijīng Dìtiě Yìzhuāng Xiàn ) is a rapid transit line that connects the Yizhuang Development Area with Beijing's subway network. The line is 23.23 km (14.43 mi) long with 14 stations, including six underground and eight elevated. It runs from Songjiazhuang in Fengtai District to Yizhuang Railway Station in Tongzhou District and passes through
186-614: A Major General each. The 1st Mobile Contingent is based in Shijiazhuang , Hebei , south of Beijing . The Contingent covers northern and central China, including Beijing . The 1st Mobile Contingent consists of: The 2nd Mobile Contingent is headquartered in Fuzhou , with units concentrated in Fujian and surrounding provinces along the coast (covering eastern and southern China). The 2nd Mobile Contingent consists of: The incumbent Commander
279-587: A QR code with effective periods of one to seven days. Previous fare schedules On December 28, 2014, the Beijing Subway switched from a fixed-fare schedule to the current distance-based fare schedule for all lines except the Capital Airport Express . Prior to the December 28, 2014, fare increase, passengers paid a flat rate of RMB(¥) 2.00 (including unlimited fare-free transfers) for all lines except
372-420: A formation equivalent in rank to a PLA Division, is stationed, with the exception of Macau and Hong Kong . The provincial command is deputy corps leader grade ( Chinese : 副军级 ; pinyin : Fùjūnjí ), with the exception of Xinjiang and Beijing Commands, which are senior in rank ( Chinese : 正军级 ; pinyin : Zhèngjūnjí ; lit. 'corps leader grade'). A provincial Contingent
465-422: A minimum wait time of 14 minutes. On August 15, the initial line was extended to Yuquan Lu and had 13 stations over 15.6 km (9.7 mi). On November 7, the line was extended again, to Gucheng Lu, and had 16 stations over 22.87 km (14.21 mi). The number of trains per day rose to 100. Overall, the line delivered 8.28 million rides in 1971, averaging 28,000 riders per day. From 1971 to 1975,
558-473: A paying adult. Senior citizens over the age of 65, individuals with physical disabilities, retired revolutionary cadres, police and army veterans who had been wounded in action, military personnel and People's Armed Police can ride the subway for free. Unlimited-rides fare Since January 20, 2019, riders can purchase unlimited rides fare tickets using the Yitongxing (亿通行) APP on smartphones, which generates
651-452: A phone app. A May 2018 upgrade allowed entrance via scanning a QR code from the same app. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, a name and Chinese Resident Identity Card number must be entered when buying single-ride tickets for contact tracing purposes. This measure has been criticized for increasing the time spent buying tickets. Beijing Subway lines generally follow the checkerboard layout of
744-627: A subsidiary of China South Locomotive and Rolling Stock Industry Corp. Line S1's maglev trains were produced by CRRC Tangshan . The Beijing Subway Rolling Stock Equipment Co. Ltd. , a wholly owned subsidiary of the Beijing Mass Transit Railway Operation Corp. Ltd. , provides local assemblage, maintenance and repair services. There will be 6 fully automated lines at the level of GoA4 , including 4 lines in operation (the Yanfang line , Line 17 and Line 19 and
837-515: A total of 655 million rides delivered in 2007, the government's subsidy averaged ¥0.92 per ride. As part of the urban re-development for the 2008 Olympics, the subway system was significantly expanded. In the summer of 2008, in anticipation of the Summer Olympic Games, three new lines— Line 10 (Phase 1), Line 8 (Phase 1) and the Capital Airport Express —opened on July 19. The use of paper tickets, hand checked by clerks for 38 years,
930-670: Is Major General Chen Hongwu, while the Political Commissar is Major General Yang Zhenguo. After the 2017, the People's Armed Police is no longer subordinated to the local government authorities but instead subordinated to the Armed Police Headquarters. Instead, the People's Armed Police is composed of echelons corresponding to all government levels, from the Provincial (including Autonomous Regions or Municipalities directly under
1023-485: Is a Corps Leader Grade command, and thus it is led by a major general. The mobile organization emerging from 2018 reforms consists of two large formations tasked with providing support to the whole national territory, should the need arise; These two Mobile Contingents ( Chinese : 机动总队 ; pinyin : Jīdòng Zǒngduì ) have a similar structure and are considered corps leader grade ( Chinese : 正军级 ; pinyin : Zhèngjūnjí ), one level higher than all of
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#17328557766061116-537: Is an integrated circuit card that stores credit for the subway, urban and suburban buses and e-money for other purchases. The Yikatong card itself must be purchased at the ticket counter. To enter a station, the Yikatong card must have a minimum balance of ¥3.00. Upon exiting the system, single-ride tickets are inserted into the turnstile, which are reused by the system. To prevent fraud, passengers are required to complete their journeys within four hours upon entering
1209-707: Is estimated to have a total strength of 1.5 million. It was established in its current form in 1982, but similar security forces have operated since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949. During the Maoist era, the PAP's predecessors were the Chinese People's Public Security Force , initially under the MPS, and later the Public Security Corps which was under the command of
1302-564: Is extending evening operations of all lines by one to three hours (to 1-2 a.m.) through the duration of the Games. The subway set a daily ridership record of 4.92 million on August 22, 2008, the day of the Games' closing ceremony . In 2008, total ridership rose by 75% to 1.2 billion. After the Chinese government announced a ¥4 trillion economic stimulus package in November 2008 ,
1395-537: Is headquartered in Langfang , of Hebei . The People's Armed Police Academy started to recruit cadets in 1984; since 1997, it has begun to issue bachelor's degrees; in 2003 it was allowed to issue master's degrees. According to a 2019 source, it is subordinate to the Ministry of Public Security. The PAP Academy is a Corps Leader Grade command, and thus it is led by a major general who serves as Superintendent. All graduates to
1488-670: Is internal security. The first law on the People's Armed Police, the Law on the People's Armed Police Force (PAPF), was passed in August 2009, giving it statutory authority to respond to riots, terrorist attacks or other emergencies. Such units guard government buildings at all levels (including party and state organizations, foreign embassies and consulates), provide security to public corporations and major public events, as well as counter-terrorism and handling of public emergencies. Some units perform guard duty in civilian prisons and provide executioners for
1581-677: Is jointly held by the CCP central committee and the Central Military Commission (CMC), with the PAP no longer subordinate to the State Council. The reform was reportedly carried out in order to deprive the local Chinese Communist Party authorities of the power to use the PAP units to commit abuses or against the leadership in Beijing, especially after the Wang Lijun incident in which the PAP
1674-536: Is managed by the MTR Corporation through a joint venture with the city. In 2009, the subway delivered 1.457 billion rides, 19.24% of mass transit trips in Beijing. People%27s Armed Police The People's Armed Police Force is a Chinese paramilitary organization primarily responsible for internal security , riot control , counter-terrorism , disaster response , law enforcement and maritime rights protection as well as providing support to
1767-410: Is the rapid transit system of Beijing Municipality that consists of 27 lines including 22 rapid transit lines, two airport rail links , one maglev line and two light rail tram lines, and 490 stations . The rail network extends 836 km (519 mi) across 12 urban and suburban districts of Beijing and into one district of Langfang in neighboring Hebei province. In December 2023,
1860-518: Is the oldest metro system in mainland China and on the mainland of East Asia . Before the system began its rapid expansion in 2002, the subway had only two lines. The existing network still cannot adequately meet the city's mass transit needs. Beijing Subway's extensive expansion plans call for 998.5 km (620.4 mi) of lines serving a projected 18.5 million trips every day when Phase 2 Construction Plan finished (around 2025). The most recent expansion came into effect on December 30, 2023, with
1953-458: The Capital Airport Express , which cost ¥25, The flat fare was the lowest among metro systems in China . Before the flat fare schedule was introduced on October 7, 2007, fares ranged from ¥3 to ¥7, depending on the line and number of transfers. Each station has two to fifteen ticket vending machines. Ticket vending machines on all lines can add credit to Yikatong cards. Single-ride tickets take
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#17328557766062046-494: The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) leadership. The history of the People's Armed Police is as long as that of the People's Republic, and its origin can be traced back to the People's Liberation Army, which was responsible for both defending the nation from foreign invasions and maintaining internal security. Although the force was officially established in 1982, its constituent units stretch back to 1949. In July 1949,
2139-674: The Daxing Airport Express ) and 2 lines under construction ( Line 3 and Line 12 ), using domestically developed communications-based train control systems. The subway was proposed in September 1953 by the city's planning committee and experts from the Soviet Union . After the end of the Korean War , Chinese leaders turned their attention to domestic reconstruction. They were keen to expand Beijing's mass transit capacity but also valued
2232-614: The Ming city wall. Fares doubled to ¥0.20 for single-line rides and ¥0.30 for rides with transfers. Ridership reached 307 million in 1988. The subway was closed from June 3–4, 1989 during the suppression of the Tiananmen Square demonstrations . In 1990, the subway carried more than one million riders per day for the first time, as total ridership reached 381 million. After a fare hike to ¥0.50 in 1991, annual ridership declined slightly to 371 million. On January 26, 1991, planning began on
2325-496: The People's Liberation Army (PLA) during wartime. Unlike the civilian People's Police , the PAP is a specialized paramilitary force reporting directly to the Central Military Commission (CMC). PAP officers and soldiers wear dark olive green uniforms, different from pine green uniforms of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force (PLAGF) or the light blue and black uniforms of the People's Police. The PAP
2418-564: The Wakhan Corridor and in Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region . The People's Armed Police is the main force for both bilateral and trilateral counterterrorism operations (mainly reconnaissance patrols in remote areas), being deployed south of Shaymak; the PAP has also conducted training for Tajik security forces. The People's Armed Police Headquarters is the leading and commanding organ that directs and administers all
2511-703: The capital . The Central Column provided security for the inauguration ceremony of the People's Republic. From December 1949 to May 1950, regional security forces, along with the now dissolved Central Column, had been consolidated into divisions under the PSF. The PSF was assigned to the PLA and became the PLA Public Security Force in September 1950, and the PLA Public Security Corps in July 1955, reporting under
2604-498: The 2015 Counter-terrorism Law. According Armed Police Force University professor Zhou Jian, counterterrorism is a task provided by law for the People's Armed Police and operating missions abroad is an “irreplaceable means”. The People's Armed Police sent personnel abroad to receive training or provide training and participates in counter-terrorism exercises, especially across Central Asia in bilateral and multilateral agreements. PAP special operations forces are also deployed in
2697-545: The 2018 reforms, Specialist Corps other than the Transportation Corps have been placed under other ministries. China Coast Guard (CCG) was transferred from State Council to PAP command, and the Transportation Corps has some units under the Mobile Contingents. The Border Defense Corps and Guards Corps have been absorbed by the Ministry of Public Security (MPS). The Firefighting and Forestry Corps were merged with
2790-545: The Beijing Subway became the world's longest metro system by route length , surpassing the Shanghai Metro . With 3.8484 billion trips delivered in 2018 (10.544 million trips per day ) and single-day ridership record of 13.7538 million set on July 12, 2019, the Beijing Subway was the world's busiest metro system in the years immediately prior to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic . The Beijing Subway opened in 1971 and
2883-626: The Beijing urban planning commission further expedited subway building plans, especially for elevated lines to suburban districts that are cheaper to build. In December 2008, the commission moved completion dates of the Yizhuang and Daxing Lines to 2010 from 2012, finalized the route of the Fangshan Line, and unveiled the Changping and Xijiao Lines. Line 4 started operation on September 28, 2009, bringing subway service to much of western Beijing. It
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2976-668: The CMC decided to establish the Ministry of Public Security (MPS) with Luo Ruiqing as its minister to organize the public security forces in the nation. In August 1949, several security and public order units of the Fourth Field Army were consolidated into the Central Column of the Chinese People's Public Security Force (PSF) to guard the Party and State leaders and to keep the public order in
3069-701: The Central Military Commission of the CCP and the National Defense Council of the People's Republic. Luo Ruiqing was appointed as the commander and political commissar of the PSF in September 1950 and remained on the posts until 1959, retaining the command of the PSF. As of 1960, the Public Security Corps was organised in 8,200-strong Public Security Divisions, which were deemed not capable of independent, sustained, full-scale combat operations. After numerous reorganizations and transfers of control between
3162-511: The Chinese embassies of Baghdad and Kabul for the purposes of protection of diplomatic staff and property. Since 2011, the People's Armed Police has also conducted operations along the Mekong river with the security forces of Thailand , Myanmar and Cambodia . These operations are aimed against organized crime. Since 2014, the People's Republic of China established a security cooperation with Tajikistan and Afghanistan on Afghan border, near
3255-667: The Coast Guard. The People's Armed Police Headquarters, placed at Theater Command Grade, include five Departments directly under the Headquarters: Being of Theatre Command Grade, the People's Armed Police is led by a full General. The People's Armed Police has a number of training institutions, likely overseen by the Training Bureau of the Staff Department. New constables of the People's Armed Police are drawn from
3348-575: The Line 2 loop, marking the old Ming-Qing era city of Beijing . Each of the following lines provides service predominantly to one or more of the suburbs beyond the 5th Ring Road . Lines 15, S1 along with the Changping, Daxing, Yanfang lines extend beyond the 6th Ring Road . According to the Phase 2 construction plan approved by the NDRC in 2015, the length of Beijing Subway will reach 998.5 km (620.4 mi) when
3441-578: The Moscow Metro, was invited to plan the subway in Beijing. From 1953 to 1960, several thousand Chinese university students were sent to the Soviet Union to study subway construction. An early plan unveiled in 1957 called for one ring route and six other lines with 114 stations and 172 km (107 mi) of track. Two routes vied for the first to be built. One ran east–west from Wukesong to Hongmiao, underneath Changan Avenue. The other ran north–south from
3534-404: The PLA and the MPS, the People's Armed Police was created on 19 June 1982, combining the previous armed police, border guards and fire brigades . The headquarter was set up in the MPS as a subordinate department. The establishment of the PAP highlighted the efforts to increase the professionalization of the security apparatus, as well as the absorption of numerous PLA demobilized personnel, in
3627-686: The PLA. The PAP has been compared by both Chinese and foreign scholars with the gendarmerie forces found in many countries, most famously the French Gendarmerie , but the main inspiration for the PAP's establishment and operation came from the Internal Troops of the Soviet Union and related paramilitary forces of the Eastern Bloc such as the East German Alert Units , adapted to the specific military-political culture and thinking of
3720-527: The PLAN in naval operations. While the People's Armed Police is principally charged with internal security and guarding key facilities and installations, it also operates as part of the international security efforts of the People's Republic of China, against both terrorism and organized crime. Mathieu Duchâtel for The National Bureau of Asian Research identifies the legal basis of the PAP missions abroad in Article 71 of
3813-482: The People's Armed Police had a dual command structure including the Central Military Commission (CMC) and the State Council through the Ministry of Public Security (MPS). Prior to the 2018 reform, the People's Armed Police was further divided into eight corps: Internal Guard, Gold, Forestry, Hydropower, Transportation, Border Defense, Firefighting, and Safeguard Corps. The Internal Guard Corps, which makes up for
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3906-474: The People's Armed Police. However, the People's Armed Police also conducts exclusive patrols. The PAP maintains both a division-sized mechanized infantry unit and a rapid deployment light motorized infantry unit, these units are tasked with responding to any possible armed mutinies by PLA soldiers. In wartime deployments the PAP can act as light infantry supporting the PLAGF in local defense missions and in support of
3999-493: The Phase 2 construction finished. By then, public transit will comprise 60% of all trips. Of those, the subway will comprise 62%. The adjustment of the Phase 2 construction plan was approved by the NDRC on December 5, 2019. Which altered and expanded some projects in the Phase 2 construction plan. Including adjusting alignments of Line 22 and Line 28 and additional projects such as the Daxing Airport Line north extension,
4092-478: The Public Security Corps, were then under the direct supervision of the Ministry of Public Security (MPS). By law however, the PAP operates separately from the PLA. and, in terms of conducting public security operations and relevant capability building, the PAP Headquarters is under the leadership and command of the Ministry of Public Security (MPS). From 1 January 2018, command of the People's Armed Police
4185-527: The Qianmen gate and its arrow tower by slightly altering the course of the subway. The initial line was completed and began trial operations in time to mark the 20th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic on October 1, 1969. It ran 21 km (13 mi) from Gucheng to the Beijing Railway Station and had 16 stations. This line forms parts of present-day Lines 1 and 2. It
4278-551: The Specialist Corps were responsible in constructing and maintaining highways and roads, surveying mineral deposits, fighting forest fires, and constructing large scale waterworks like dams and levees as well as for water works maintenance. The PAP is also called upon in emergency rescue and disaster relief operations within the PRC via the specialist and public security forces which can be forward deployed during such operations. With
4371-560: The Summer Palace to Zhongshan Park , via Xizhimen and Xisi. The former was chosen due to more favorable geological foundation and greater number of government bureaus served. The second route would not be built until construction on Line 4 began forty years later. The original proposal called for deep subway tunnels that can better serve military functions. Between Gongzhufen and Muxidi , shafts as deep as 120 m (390 ft) were being dug. The world's deepest subway station at
4464-486: The academy are commissioned into the PAP as Second Lieutenants (equivalent of Ensigns for those commissioned into the Coast Guard). The People's Armed Police Logistics Academy is a training body aimed to train People's Armed Police personnel in handling logistics. According to Unit Tracker, the university include subjects as applied economics, military and paramilitary logistics, as well as engineering. The Logistics Academy
4557-546: The bottom. The three olive stripes represents the People's Armed Police responsible for the three main tasks and force composition of maintaining national political security and social stability, maritime rights protection and law enforcement, and defense operations. On 21 March 2018, the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party unveiled a reform plan for the People's Armed Police Force. Under this plan,
4650-428: The bulk of PAP, is under the PAP Headquarters and reports thus to the party central committee and the CMC (Central Military Commission). The Gold, Forestry, Hydropower, and Transportation Corps, collectively known as the Specialist Corps, were by then under the joint leadership of PAP Headquarters and their respective ministries in the State Council. The Border Defense, Firefighting, and Guard Corps, collectively known as
4743-712: The bureau was placed under the authority of Beijing Municipal Transportation Department. On April 20, 1981, the bureau became the Beijing Subway Company, which was a subsidiary of the Beijing Public Transportation Company. In July 2001, the Beijing Municipal Government reorganized the subway company into the Beijing Subway Group Company Ltd., a wholly city-owned holding company, which assumed ownership of all of
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#17328557766064836-735: The central government) to the Township levels; the territorial organization is that of the PAP Internal Guard Corps ( Chinese : 内卫部队 ; pinyin : Nèiwèi Bùduì ). Prior to 2017, Provincial level Contingents were subordinate both to the Armed Police headquarters and the provincial government. The thirty-one Internal Guard Contingents are responsible for security duty of important political and economic facilities and government buildings at all levels (including party and state organizations, foreign embassies, and consulates), municipal armed patrol, and security duty for senior government officials. Within each provincial level division , an IGC Contingent ( Chinese : 总队 ; pinyin : Zǒngduì ),
4929-453: The city won the bid to host the 2008 Summer Olympics and accelerated plans to expand the subway. From 2002 to 2008, the city planned to invest ¥63.8 billion (US$ 7.69 billion) in subway projects and build an ambitious "three ring, four horizontal, five vertical and seven radial" subway network. Work on Line 5 had already begun on September 25, 2000. Land clearing for Lines 4 and 10 began in November 2003 and construction commenced by
5022-449: The city. Most lines through the urban core (outlined by the Line 10 loop) run parallel or perpendicular to each other and intersect at right angles. The urban core of Beijing is roughly outlined by the Line 10 loop, which runs underneath or just beyond the 3rd Ring Road . Each of the following lines provides extensive service within the Line 10 loop. All have connections to seven or more lines. Lines 1, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 19 also run through
5115-436: The connecting line between Yizhuang line , Line 5 and Line 10 . The Beijing Subway is owned by the Beijing Municipal People's Government through the Beijing Infrastructure Investment Co., LTD, (北京市基础设施投资有限公司 or BIIC), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Beijing State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (北京市人民政府国有资产监督管理委员会 or Beijing SASAC), the municipal government's asset holding entity. The Beijing Subway
5208-509: The connection tracks between Yizhuang line, the line 5 and the line 10, so that trains of Yizhuang line can operate through trains with lines 5 and 10. It will require a maximum of 1.1 km (0.68 mi) new tracks near Songjiazhuang train depot, between Songjiazhuang stations of Yizhuang line and line 5, and Chengshousi station of line 10, it will also require to rebuild 0.5 km tracks for train storages within Songjiazhuang depot. Beijing Subway [REDACTED] The Beijing Subway
5301-488: The control of the People's Liberation Army in early 1970, but reliability problems persisted. On January 15, 1971, the initial line began operation on a trial basis between the Beijing railway station and Gongzhufen . Single ride fare was set at ¥ 0.10 and only members of the public with credential letters from their work units could purchase tickets. The line was 10.7 km (6.6 mi) in length, had 10 stations and operated more than 60 train trips per day with
5394-491: The eastward extension of Line 1 under Chang'an Avenue from Fuxingmen. The project was funded by a 19.2 billion yen low-interest development assistance loan from Japan. Construction began on the eastern extension on June 24, 1992, and the Xidan station opened on December 12, 1992. The remaining extension to Sihuidong was completed on September 28, 1999. National leaders Wen Jiabao , Jia Qinglin , Yu Zhengsheng and mayor Liu Qi were on hand to mark
5487-427: The end of the year. Most new subway construction projects were funded by loans from the Big Four state banks. Line 4 was funded by the Beijing MTR Corporation, a joint-venture with the Hong Kong MTR . To achieve plans for 19 lines and 561 km (349 mi) by 2015, the city planned to invest a total of ¥200 billion ($ 29.2 billion). The next additions to the subway were surface commuter lines that linked to
5580-469: The establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the paramilitary public security force has been reorganized numerous times. The current designation since 1982, the People's Armed Police , was first used between 1959 and 1963. The People's Armed Police is formally regulated by the People's Armed Police Law of the People's Republic of China ( 中华人民共和国人民武装警察法 ), adopted and effective since 27 August 2009. The People's Armed Police's primary mission
5673-446: The fire department of the MPS and reorganized as China Fire and Rescue (CF&R), it was placed under the Ministry of Emergency Management . The Gold Corps and Hydropower Corps have been transformed into state-owned enterprises under the supervision of the relevant State Council ministries ( Ministry of Natural Resources and China National Gold Group Corporation and China Aneng Construction Corporation, respectively). From
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#17328557766065766-474: The form of an RFID-enabled flexible plastic card. Passengers must insert the ticket or scan the card at the gate both before entering and exiting the station. The subway's fare collection gates accept single-ride tickets and the Yikatong fare card. Passengers can purchase tickets and add credit to Yikatong card at ticket counters or vending machines in every station. The Yikatong , also known as Beijing Municipal Administration & Communication Card (BMAC),
5859-496: The general military conscription pool, but they are trained in the People's Armed Police basic training units. According to Zi Yang, the state of the education and training system as of 2016 suffered of issues which negatively affected the quality of education. The People's Armed Police Academy tasked with officer education and training for duties related to the missions entrusted to the People's Armed Police, including, since 2001, UN peacekeeping. The People's Armed Police Academy
5952-445: The heart of the capital to the Western Hills. On February 4, 1965, Chairman Mao Zedong personally approved the project. Construction began on July 1, 1965, at a groundbreaking ceremony attended by several national leaders including Zhu De , Deng Xiaoping , and Beijing mayor Peng Zhen . The most controversial outcome of the initial subway line was the demolition of the Beijing's historic inner city wall to make way for
6045-544: The maintenance of public order. The People's Armed Police assists the regular police in operations where violent opposition is expected, in roadblocks and the protection of crime scenes. The People's Armed Police is also involved in anti-crime campaigns. In order maintenance activities, the People's Armed Police uses the preventive patrol, under the leadership of the public security organs, and sometimes in conjunction with them. When dealing with mass incidents, with gang activities and other risk situations, responsibility shifts to
6138-421: The mid and late 1990s, CCP general secretary Jiang Zemin significantly expanded and strengthened the PAP, with more than 100,000 new troops. Jiang praised the PAP, describing it as " a major force for maintaining state security and social stability, the People's Armed Police shoulders a massive and formidable burden " and deployed it extensively in Xinjiang and Tibet . Up until 2013, the China Coast Guard
6231-450: The network, high capacity Type A trains are increasingly being used. Additionally, Type D trains are being used in express subway lines. Until 2003 nearly all trains were manufactured by the Changchun Railway Vehicles Company Ltd. , now a subsidiary of the China CNR Corporation . The newest Line 1 trains and those on Lines 4, 8, Batong, Changping and Daxing are made by Qingdao Sifang Locomotive & Rolling Stock Co. ,
6324-428: The non-combatant elements of the PAP, the Gold, Forestry, Hydropower, Border Defense, Firefighting, and Guard Corps, are to be removed and the CCG is to be consolidated with PAP. As of March 2018, the PAP is working with the Central Committee and the relevant organs for the transfer of non-combatant elements into civil service. The Transportation Corps is the only remaining component of the Specialist Corps. Until 2018,
6417-550: The north and east of the city. Line 13 , a half loop that links the northern suburbs, first opened on the western half from Huilongguan to Xizhimen on September 28, 2002 and the entire line became operational on January 28, 2003. Batong line , built as an extension to Line 1 to Tongzhou District , was opened as a separate line on December 27, 2003. Work on these two lines had begun respectively in December 1999 and 2000. Ridership hit 607 million in 2004. Line 5 came into operation on October 7, 2007. It
6510-411: The occasion. The full-length of Line 1 became operational on June 28, 2000. Despite little track expansion in the early 1990s, ridership grew rapidly to reach a record high of 558 million in 1995, but fell to 444 million the next year when fares rose from ¥0.50 to ¥2.00. After fares rose again to ¥3.00 in 2000, annual ridership fell to 434 million from 481 million in 1999. In the summer of 2001,
6603-539: The openings of extensions to Line 11 , Line 16 , and Line 17 . Single-ride fare The Beijing Subway charges single-ride fare according to trip distance for all lines except the two airport express lines. Same-station transfers are free on all subway lines except the two Airport Express lines, the Xijiao Line and the Yizhuang T1 Line , which require the purchase of a new fare when transferring to or from those lines. Fare free riders Children below 1.3 metres (51 in) in height ride for free when accompanied by
6696-592: The provincial contingents other than Xinjiang and Beijing Commands. Units of the Mobile Contingents mostly originate from former 14 PAP's Divisions. Each Mobile Contingent maintains a Staff, a Political Work Department and a Discipline Inspection Department at the Deputy Corps Leader Grade. The mobile Contingents, like their predecessor 14 Divisions, are mainly responsible for dealing with terrorism, violent crime, riots, and public security threats. Being of Corps leader grade, Mobile Contingents are led by
6789-470: The public. This horseshoe-shaped line was created from the eastern half of the initial line and corresponds to the southern half of the present-day Line 2. It ran 16.1 km (10.0 mi) from Fuxingmen to Jianguomen with 16 stations. Ridership reached 105 million in 1985. On December 28, 1987, the two existing lines were reconfigured into Lines 1, which ran from Pingguoyuan to Fuxingmen and Line 2, in its current loop, tracing
6882-575: The southern Chaoyang and northern Daxing Districts. Total investment for the line was estimated at ¥ 1.2 billion. Construction began on December 8, 2007 and the line opened on December 30, 2010. Yizhuang line's color is magenta . [REDACTED] On March 26, 2015, train YZ021 was testing when it derailed around Taihu. No passengers were on board and the driver faced leg injuries. In 8 July 2022, an EIA document regarding Phase III construction of Beijing rail transport system (2022–2027) announced to reform
6975-494: The state. The PAP also maintains tactical counter-terrorism (CT) units such as the Snow Wolf Commando Unit (SWCU) and various Special Police Units (SPUs). In the Chinese policing system, the People's Armed Police concentrates on managing protests otherwise referred to as "mass incidents" and protecting important facilities and events, while the public security officers focus on handling crime and issues related to
7068-562: The subway as an asset for civil defense. They studied the use of the Moscow Metro to protect civilians, move troops and headquarter military command posts during the Battle of Moscow , and planned the Beijing Subway for both civilian and military use. At that time, the Chinese lacked expertise in building subways and drew heavily on Soviet and East German technical assistance. In 1954, a delegation of Soviet engineers, including some who had built
7161-501: The subway remained prone to closures due to fires, flooding, and accidents. Annual ridership grew from 22.2 million in 1976 and 28.4 million in 1977 to 30.9 million in 1978, and 55.2 million in 1980. On April 20, 1981, the Beijing Subway Company , then a subsidiary of the Beijing Public Transportation Company, was organized to take over subway operations. On September 15, 1981, the initial line passed its final inspections, and
7254-521: The subway was shut down for 398 days for political reasons. On December 27, 1972, the riders no longer needed to present credential letters to purchase tickets. In 1972, the subway delivered 15 million rides and averaged 41,000 riders per day. In 1973, the line was extended to Pingguoyuan and reached 23.6 km (14.7 mi) in length with 17 stations and 132 train trips per day. The line delivered 11 million rides in 1973, averaging 54,000 riders per day. Despite its return to civilian control in 1976,
7347-497: The subway's assets. In November 2003, the assets of the Beijing Subway Group Company were transferred to the newly created BIIC. The Beijing Subway has five operators: All subway train sets run on 1,435 millimetres (56.5 in) standard gauge rail, except the maglev trains on Line S1 , which run on a maglev track. Beijing Subway operates Type B trains on most lines. However, due to increasing congestion on
7440-812: The subway. If the four-hour limit is exceeded, a surcharge of ¥3 is imposed. Each Yikatong card is allowed to be overdrawn once. The overdrawn amount is deducted when credits are added to the card. Yikatong card users who spend more than ¥100 on subway fare in a calendar month will receive credits to their card the following month. After reaching ¥100 of spending in one calendar month, 20% of any further spending up to ¥150 will be credited. When spending exceeds ¥150, 50% of any further spending up to ¥250 will be credited. Once expenditures exceed ¥400, further spending won't earn any more credits. The credits are designed to ease commuters' burdens of fare increases. Beginning in June 2017, single-journey tickets could be purchased via
7533-528: The subway. Construction plans for the subway from Fuxingmen to the Beijing Railway Station called for the removal of the wall, as well as the gates and archery towers at Hepingmen, Qianmen, and Chongwenmen. Leading architect Liang Sicheng argued for protecting the wall as a landmark of the ancient capital. Chairman Mao favored demolishing the wall over demolishing homes. In the end, Premier Zhou Enlai managed to preserve several walls and gates, such as
7626-500: The surface. The deterioration of relations between China and Soviet Union disrupted subway planning. Soviet experts began to leave in 1960, and were completely withdrawn by 1963. In 1961, the entire project was halted temporarily due to severe hardships caused by the Great Leap Forward . Eventually, planning work resumed. The route of the initial line was shifted westward to create an underground conduit to move personnel from
7719-534: The time in the Kyiv Metro was only 100 m (330 ft) deep. But Beijing's high water table and high pressure head of ground water which complicated construction and posed risk of leakage, and along with the inconvenience of transporting passengers long distances from the surface, led the authorities to abandon the deep tunnel plan in May 1960 in favor of cut-and-cover shallow tunnels some 20 m (66 ft) below
7812-401: The units and provides guidance to it. The PAP has a commander, a political commissar and several deputy commanders and deputy political commissars. The PAP also has departments responsible for logistical and political matters and several speciality departments. Following adjustment and reorganization, the People's Armed Police is mainly composed of the territorial forces, the mobile forces, and
7905-406: The wake of growing unrest. The PAP was led by both the local government and superior PAP forces, which is called "Dual-Leadership" (双重领导) . In practice, the local government (including the local party committee, local people's government and the local public security bureau) carries more weight. However, there were many confusions and loopholes caused by this ambiguous organization structure. In
7998-524: The west section of Line 11 and transforming Line 13 into two lines, 13A and 13B. According to the information released in July 2022, the "Beijing Rail Transit Phase III Construction Plan" includes 11 construction projects: Line 1 Branch, Line 7 Phase 3, Line 11 Phase 2, Line 15 Phase 2, Line 17 Phase 2 (Branch), Line 19 Phase 2, Line 20 Phase 1, Fangshan line (Line 25) Phase 3 (also known as Lijin Line), Line M101 Phase 1, Line S6 (New Town Link Line) Phase 1, and
8091-633: Was a part of the PAP. In 2013, it was separated and transferred to the direct control of the Ministry of Public Security and the State Oceanic Administration . However, in March 2018, it was announced that the Coast Guard would be placed under the People's Armed Police Force once again since the State Oceanic Administration was disbanded, but now as an independent branch reporting directly to PAP headquarters. Until 31 December 2017,
8184-561: Was allegedly abused by provincial party secretary Bo Xilai to surround the US Consulate in Chongqing after a falling out with Wang , the police chief of Chongqing at the time. Under the 2018 reforms, local authorities now need central approval in order to deploy the PAP. On 10 January 2018, the PAP received a new flag following the design of the branch flags of the PLA with three olive stripes at
8277-521: Was discontinued and replaced by electronic tickets that are scanned by automatic fare collection machines upon entry and exit of the subway. Stations are outfitted with touch screen vending machines that sell single-ride tickets and multiple-ride Yikatong fare cards. The subway operated throughout the night from August 8–9, 2008 to accommodate the Opening Ceremonies of the Olympic Games, and
8370-465: Was handed over to the Beijing Subway Company, ending a decade of trial operations. It had 19 stations and ran 27.6 kilometres (17.1 miles) from Fushouling in the Western Hills to the Beijing railway station. Investment in the project totaled ¥706 million. Annual ridership rose from 64.7 million in 1981 and 72.5 million in 1982 to 82 million in 1983. On September 20, 1984, a second line was opened to
8463-591: Was originally developed and controlled by the Central Government . The subway's construction and planning was headed by a special committee of the State Council . In February 1970, Premier Zhou Enlai handed management of the subway to the People's Liberation Army , which formed the PLA Rail Engineering Corp Beijing Subway Management Bureau. In November 1975, by order of the State Council and Central Military Commission
8556-577: Was the city's first north–south line, extending from Songjiazhuang in the south to Tiantongyuan in the north. On the same day, subway fares were reduced from between ¥3 and ¥7 per trip, depending on the line and number of transfers, to a single flat fare of ¥2 with unlimited transfers. The lower fare policy caused the Beijing Subway to run a deficit of ¥600 million in 2007, which was expected to widen to ¥1 billion in 2008. The Beijing municipal government covered these deficits to encourage mass transit use, and reduce traffic congestion and air pollution. On
8649-414: Was the first subway to be built in China, and predates the metros of Hong Kong , Seoul , Singapore , San Francisco , and Washington, D.C. , but technical problems would plague the project for the next decade. Initially, the subway hosted guest visits. On November 11, 1969, an electrical fire killed three people, injured over 100 and destroyed two cars. Premier Zhou Enlai placed the subway under
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