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33-667: Located at the geographic center of Kyushu , in between Kumamoto and Ashikita . The western part is a plain facing the Shiranui Sea ( Yatsushiro Sea ), and most of it has expanded through several rounds of reclamation since the Edo period . The eastern and southern areas are deep mountainous areas of the Kyushu Mountains . Kumamoto Prefecture Miyazaki Prefecture Yatsushiro has a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen climate classification Cfa ) with hot, humid summers and cool winters. There

66-654: A unicameral city council of 32 members. Yatsushiro, collectively with the town of Hikawa, contributes four members to the Kumamoto Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of the Kumamoto 4th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan . Traditionally, the Yatsushiro Plain is a major producer of rice and igusa , which is the raw material for tatami mats. Agriculture remains

99-435: A GDP equivalent to that of Iran, the 26th largest country in the world, it is the fourth largest economic zone after the three major metropolitan areas of Tokyo , Osaka , and Nagoya . Kyūshū's economy has a well-balanced industrial structure, ranging from primary industries such as agriculture, to secondary industries such as manufacturing, and tertiary industries such as retail, services, and tourism. Agricultural output in

132-528: A land area of 36,782 square kilometres (14,202 sq mi) and a population of 14,311,224 in 2018. In the 8th-century Taihō Code reforms, Dazaifu was established as a special administrative term for the region. The island is mountainous, and Japan's most active volcano, Mount Aso at 1,591 metres (5,220 ft), is on Kyūshū. There are many other signs of tectonic activity, including numerous areas of hot springs . The most famous of these are in Beppu , on

165-468: A major component of the local economy. The banpeiyu fruit bears a resemblance to hugely oversized grapefruits. Karashi Renkon is a specialty which is a lotus root stuffed with a mustard-like sauce called karashi and coated with egg. Basashi is raw horse meat and is considered a delicacy within Japan. It is often served with onion and ginger. Basashi burgers can be found at hamburger restaurants. In

198-544: A mountain shrine believed to have been the tomb of Amaterasu . In the Nara and Heian periods, it was a center for trade with Baekje and Song China . During the Sengoku period , the area was contested between the Nawa , Sagara , Shimazu and other warlords before coming under the control of Konishi Yukinaga under the time of Toyotomi Hideyoshi . Konishi built Mugishima Castle in 1588 as

231-474: A new base for ruling Yatsushiro. After the 1600 Battle of Sekigahara , Kato Kiyomasa , the lord of Kumamoto Castle , became the ruler of Higo Province . Mugishima Castle was an exception to the Tokugawa shogunate 's "One Castle per Province" order of 1615 and remained a secondary castle under Kumamoto Domain until its destruction by earthquake in 1619. Yatsushiro Castle was constructed as its replacement. After

264-893: A wide distribution, considered native in Europe , Asia , Africa , Madagascar , North America , and South America . It has naturalized in Australia , New Zealand , South Africa and various oceanic islands. It grows in wet areas, such as wetlands , riparian areas , and marshes with sandy and peaty substrates. It is common throughout the British Isles by rivers, streams and lakes, in wet heathland and pastures, including purple moor-grass and rush pastures and fen-meadow plant associations . Juncus effusus grows in large clumps up to about 1.2 metres (3 ft 11 in) tall. The stems are smooth cylinders with light pith filling. The yellowish inflorescence appears to emerge from one side of

297-406: Is 1791 meters (5876 feet) on Mount Kujū . The name Kyūshū comes from the nine ancient provinces of Saikaidō situated on the island: Chikuzen , Chikugo , Hizen , Higo , Buzen , Bungo , Hyūga , Osumi , and Satsuma . Today's Kyūshū Region ( 九州地方 , Kyūshū-chihō ) is a politically defined region that consists of the seven prefectures on the island of Kyūshū (which also includes

330-437: Is called igusa (藺草) and is grown to be woven into the covering of tatami mats (the filling is rice straw, extruded styrofoam , chip board , or some combination). In Iran and Afghanistan too it is used to weave light cheap mats. It is called halfa (حلفا) and has medicinal uses too. In Europe, this rush was once used to make rushlights (by soaking the pith in grease), a cheap alternative to candles . The species

363-439: Is cultivated as an ornamental plant , for planting in water gardens , native plant and wildlife gardens , and for larger designed natural landscaping and habitat restoration projects. The cultivar Juncus effusus 'Spiralis' (syn. Juncus spiralis ), with the common names corkscrew rush or spiral rush, is a distinctive potted and water garden plant due to its very curled spiral like foliage. Juncus effusus can become

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396-621: Is in operation since September 2022. Kyūshū is also known for its scenic train services, such as the Limited Express Yufuin no Mori and Limited Express Kawasemi Yamasemi. The Kanmon Bridge and Kanmon Roadway Tunnel also connect the island with Honshu, allowing for vehicular transport between the two. The Kyūshū Expressway spans the length of the island, linking the Higashikyushu Expressway and Ibusuki Skyline, connecting major cities such as Fukuoka and Kumamoto along

429-609: Is significant precipitation throughout the year, especially during June and July. The average annual temperature in Yatsushiro is 17.0 °C (62.6 °F). The average annual rainfall is 2,033.4 mm (80.06 in) with June as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 27.8 °C (82.0 °F), and lowest in January, at around 6.4 °C (43.5 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Yatsushiro

462-569: Is the third-largest island of Japan 's four main islands and the most southerly of the four largest islands (i.e. excluding Okinawa and the other Ryukyu ( Nansei ) Islands ). In the past, it has been known as Kyūkoku ( 九国 , "Nine Countries") , Chinzei ( 鎮西 , "West of the Pacified Area") and Tsukushi-no-shima ( 筑紫島 , "Island of Tsukushi") . The historical regional name Saikaidō ( 西海道 , lit. West Sea Circuit ) referred to Kyushu and its surrounding islands. Kyushu has

495-642: Is widely produced. Besides the volcanic area of the south, there are significant mud hot springs in the northern part of the island, around Beppu . The springs are the site of occurrence of certain extremophile microorganisms , which are capable of surviving in extremely hot environments. There are two World Natural Heritage sites in Kyushu: Yakushima (registered in 1993) and Amami-Ōshima Island, Tokunoshima Island, northern part of Okinawa Island, and Iriomote Island (registered in 2021). Kyūshū's economy accounts for about 10% of Japan's total, and with

528-557: The Hosokawa clan took control of Higo Province, the castle became the stronghold of their 30,000 koku karō , the Matsue clan, who controlled the castle town to the end of the Edo period. The town of Yatsushiro was established with the creation of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889. On September 1, 1940 Yatsushiro annexed the town of Otago, and villages of Ueyanagi, and Matsutaka and

561-597: The Meiji era, Yatsushiro Port was developed as a modern port, and in 1890, Kyushu's first cement factory was built there. Local industries include pulp and paper, brewing and food processing. Yatsushiro has 23 public elementary schools and 15 public junior high schools operated by the city government and one junior high school and five public high schools operated by the Kumamoto Prefectural Board of Education. The prefecture also operates two special education schools for

594-562: The Ryukyuan lands ( Okinawa and Kagoshima ) and throughout the Kyūshū region. In addition, the other prefectures in Kyūshū also have exceptionally high TFRs compared to the rest of Japan. The Ryukyuans are an indigenous minority group in Japan. Parts of Kyūshū have a subtropical climate , particularly Miyazaki Prefecture and Kagoshima Prefecture . Major agricultural products are rice , tea , tobacco , sweet potatoes , and soy ; also, silk

627-543: The east shore, and around Mt. Aso in central Kyūshū. The island is separated from Honshu by the Kanmon Straits . Being the nearest island to the Asian continent , historically it is the gateway to Japan. The total area is 36,782.37 km (14,201.75 sq mi) which makes it the 37th largest island in the world. It's slightly larger than Taiwan island 35,808 km (13,826 sq mi). The highest elevation

660-517: The eastern seaboard shows a general decline in population . Politically, Kyūshū is described as a stronghold of the Liberal Democratic Party . Per Japanese census data, the Kyūshū region's population with Ryukyu Islands ( Okinawa and Kagoshima Prefectures) has experienced a large population decline since around 2000. However, the population decline in total is mild because of the relatively high birth rate of Ryukyuans both within

693-422: The entire Kyūshū region through the creation of innovation in industry and the promotion of new entrepreneurship and start-ups. Kyūshū is a region with strong economic ties to Asia. For example, Asia accounted for 420 (77.9%) of the 539 overseas expansion cases of Kyūshū-Yamaguchi companies from 2010 to 2019, and Asia accounted for 61.1% of Kyūshū-Yamaguchi's total exports in 2019, 7.4 percentage points higher than

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726-418: The former Tsushima and Iki as part of Nagasaki), plus Okinawa Prefecture to the south: Kyūshū has 10.3   percent of the population of Japan. Most of Kyūshū's population is concentrated along the northwest, in the cities of Fukuoka and Kitakyushu , with population corridors stretching southwest into Sasebo and Nagasaki and south into Kumamoto and Kagoshima . Except for Oita and Miyazaki ,

759-605: The handicapped. Nakakyushu Junior College is a private junior college located in Yatsushiro. [REDACTED] JR Kyushu - Kyushu Shinkansen [REDACTED] JR Kyushu - Trans-Kyushu Limited Express [REDACTED] JR Kyushu - Kagoshima Main Line [REDACTED] JR Kyushu - Hisatsu Line Hisatsu Orange Railway Yatsushiro hosted group matches at the 2019 World Women's Handball Championship . Kyushu Kyūshū ( 九州 , Kyūshū , pronounced [kʲɯꜜːɕɯː] , lit. 'Nine Provinces ')

792-408: The nation as a whole. As the logistics node between Japan and Asia, the ports of Hakata and Kitakyushu handle a large number of international containers. In addition, the number of cruise ship calls in 2019 was 772, with Kyūshū accounting for 26.9% of the nation's total. Kyūshū is noted for various types of porcelain , including Arita, Imari, Satsuma, and Karatsu. Heavy industry is concentrated in

825-544: The newer Shin-Kanmon Tunnel carrying the San'yō Shinkansen . Railways on the island are operated by the Kyūshū Railway Company and West Japan Railway Company , as well as a variety of smaller companies such as Amagi Railway and Nishitetsu Railway . Kyūshū Shinkansen trains operate between major cities on the island, such as Fukuoka and Kagoshima , with an additional route between Takeo-Onsen and Nagasaki which

858-623: The north around Fukuoka, Kitakyushu, Nagasaki, and Oita and includes chemicals, automobiles, semiconductors, metal processing, shipbuilding, etc. The island of Tanegashima hosts the Tanegashima Space Center , which is the largest rocket-launch complex in Japan. Kyūshū is linked to the larger island of Honshu by the Kanmon Railway Tunnel , which carries the non- Shinkansen trains of the Kyūshū Railway Company , and

891-576: The region amounts to 1.8 trillion yen (20% share of the national total), and the region is a major domestic production center for the automobile and semiconductor industries. Kyūshū also has a thriving healthcare industry, including medical and nursing care, and numerous research and manufacturing facilities in the fields of hydrogen , solar power , and other renewable energies. Furthermore, Fukuoka City , Kitakyushu City and Okinawa Prefecture have been designated as National Strategic Special Zones , which are expected to have an economic ripple effect on

924-408: The stem about 20 centimetres (8 in) from the top. In fact the stem ends there; the top part is the bract , that continues with only a slight colour-band marking it from the stem. The lower leaves are reduced to a brown sheath at the bottom of the stem. Five subspecies are currently recognized: Juncus effusus can be differentiated from the rarer Juncus pylaei by the number of ridges on

957-455: The stem. Juncus effusus has 30 to 40 ridges and J. pylaei has 10 to 20. The species provides wildfowl, wader feeding, and nesting habitats , and also habitats for small mammals. The rootstalks are eaten by muskrats , and birds take shelter amongst the plant's stems. A number of invertebrates feed on soft rush, including the rufous minor moth. Juncus effusus is one of the seven ingredients of hui sup tea (去濕茶). In Japan , this rush

990-504: The top Japanese division of baseball , football (soccer) , basketball or even rugby union . Currently the major teams competing in Kyushu's major cities include: Juncus effusus Juncus effusus is a perennial herbaceous flowering plant species in the rush family Juncaceae , with the common names common rush or soft rush . In North America, the common name soft rush also refers to Juncus interior . Juncus effusus has

1023-899: The way. There are also many quiet country roads, including popular tourist routes such as the Nichinan coast road and the Aso Panorama Line in Kumamoto Prefecture . Bus services are available and cover 2,400 routes within Kyūshū's cities, connecting many other destinations. Several passenger and car ferry services connect both northern and southern Kyūshū with main port cities on the main island of Honshu (Kobe, Osaka, Tokyo) and Shikoku . Major universities and colleges in Kyūshū: World Heritage Sites in Kyūshū Historically some Kyushu-based sports team has competed in

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1056-480: Was 37.9 °C (100.2 °F) on 23 July 1994; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −7.3 °C (18.9 °F) on 25 January 2016. Per Japanese census data, the population of Yatsushiro in 2020 is 123,067 people. Yatsushiro has been conducting censuses since 1920. The name "Yatsushiro" is extremely ancient, and appears in the Nihon Shoki and other Nara period documents. It is said to have been derived from

1089-412: Was raised to city status. The city continues to expand in the 1950s and 1960 by annexing neighboring villages. On August 1, 2005, Yatsushiro absorbed the towns of Kagami and Senchō , and the villages of Izumi , Sakamoto and Tōyō (all from Yatsushiro District ) to create the new and expanded city of Yatsushiro. Yatsushiro has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and

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