The Zvezda Kh-66 and Kh-23 Grom ( Russian : Х -23 Гром 'Thunder'; NATO : AS-7 'Kerry' ) are a family of early Soviet tactical air-to-surface missiles with a range of 10 km. They were intended for use against small ground or naval targets. The Kh-66 was effectively a heavy-warhead, beam-riding version of the K-8 (AA-3 'Anab') air-to-air missile rushed into service in Vietnam in 1968. The Kh-23 was an improved Kh-66 with command-guidance, similar to the AGM-12 Bullpup .
22-398: X-66 may refer to: Kh-23 Grom , a family of early Soviet air-to-surface missiles including Kh-66 Boeing X-66 , an American experimental airliner Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title X-66 . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
44-453: A magnetic anomaly detector . It can also carry either up to 36 sonobuoys , or a torpedo, or between six and eight conventional depth charges , or a single nuclear one. Ka-27PLs generally operate in pairs as hunter-killer teams . The Ka-27PS search and rescue helicopter can carry 12 folding seats or four stretchers in its cabin, and is equipped with a 300 kg (660 lb) winch. Its fuel capacity of 3,450 litres (910 US gal)
66-607: Is a military helicopter developed for the Soviet Navy , and as of 2024 is in service in various countries including Russia , Ukraine , Vietnam , China , South Korea , and India . Variants include the Ka-29 assault transport, the Ka-28 downgraded export version, and the Ka-32 for civilian use. The helicopter was developed for ferrying and anti-submarine warfare . Design work began in 1969 and
88-682: Is greater than the 2,940-litre (780 US gal) capacity of the Ka-27PL. Ka-32 variants, e.g. the Klimov-powered Ka-32A11BC, have been certified for commercial operations throughout the world, notably in Canada and Europe. The Ka-32 has been certified for the newer Klimov VK-2500 PS-02 engine. A Russian Navy Ka-27 helicopter from the Russian Udaloy -class destroyer Severomorsk conducted interoperability deck landing training on board
110-611: The Bambi Bucket suspended fire-fighting system of up to five tons capacity. The service life has been extended to up to 32,000 flight hours. Since the 1990s, China has purchased the Ka-28 export version and Ka-31 radar warning version for the PLAN fleet. Ka-31 purchases were first revealed in 2010. It is believed that Chinese Ka-28s have been equipped with more enhanced avionics compared to Ka-28s exported to other countries. In 2013, Russia tested
132-755: The Kaliningrad K-8 (AA-3 'Anab') air-to-air missile, with the nozzle split to make room for the antenna of the beam-riding guidance system of the Kaliningrad K-5 (AA-1 'Alkali'). It has cruciform control fins on the nose, and four clipped-tip delta-wings at the rear with elevators for control. The Kh-66 entered production for the MiG-21 in 1968, and the Kh-23 was certified for the MiG-23 'Flogger' in 1973. Kamov Ka-29 The Kamov Ka-27 ( NATO reporting name ' Helix' )
154-455: The Soviet Navy in April 1981. The Ka-27 has a crew of three with a pilot and navigator both stationed in the cockpit, and a sonar operator seated behind them. It has a four-leg fixed landing gear. The Ka-27 is equipped with two lateral buoys, that can be inflated in the case of a forced landing on water. The Ka-27PL anti-submarine version is equipped with a radar, and either a dipping sonar or
176-588: The Bullpup, allowing it to be fired in level flight (unlike the Kh-66). The first ten were tested in early 1968, but significant delays were caused by problems with unreliable guidance which was eventually traced to the smoke generator which interfered with the antenna. Once the receiver had been moved to a tail extension, the government tested the missile on the MiG-23 and MiG-23B between 20 March 1970 and 3 October 1973. and it entered service in 1973. A laser-guided version of
198-677: The Kaliningrad Engineering Plant (then known as Plant #455, and later merged into Zvezda-Strela) in 1955. This had resulted in the Kaliningrad K-5 (AA-1 'Alkali') family of beam-guided missiles, including the K-51 (RS-2-US) carried by the Su-9 'Fishpot'. OKB-4 Molniya (later Vympel NPO ) under Matus Bisnovat would go on to produce missiles such as the AA-6 Acrid . Meanwhile, in 1963 the RS-2-US
220-611: The Kh-23, the Kh-25, became the basis for the AS-10 'Karen' family of missiles. Technology from these was 'backported' to the Kh-23 to create the Kh-23M in 1974. The Kh-23 was later licensed for local production in both Romania and Yugoslavia. In 1977 a dummy Kh-23 was fired from a Ka-252TB helicopter, the prototype of the Kamov Ka-29 TB 'Helix-B' assault transport. The Kh-66 used the airframe of
242-528: The US command ship USS Mount Whitney on 22 July 2010. Ka-32A11BC multipurpose helicopters have been successfully operated in Portugal for over five years. In 2006, Kamov won the tender for the supply of Ka-32A11BC firefighting helicopters, to replace Aérospatiale SA 330 Pumas . Over 240 Ka-32 have been built as of 2019 and have been exported to more than 30 countries; South Korea operates some 60 Ka-32s. In
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#1732852375547264-523: The Zvezda OKB in 1976. The resulting weapon used the body of a K-8 (AA-3 'Anab') , K-5 guidance and propulsion systems, but increased the warhead from 13 kg (29 lb) to 100 kg (220 lb). This had the big advantage of allowing the new weapon to be fitted to any aircraft capable of firing the K-5. Design began in 1966, so the project was known as Kh-66 or Izdeliye 66 ('Article 66'). The Kh-66
286-740: The display instrumentation. Ka-32s are used for construction of transmission towers for overhead power lines , as it has somewhat higher lift capacity than the Vertol 107 . In Canada, the Ka-32 is used for selective logging as it is able to lift selective species vertically. In August 2013, a Kamov Ka-32, C-GKHL operating in Bella Coola, British Columbia , Canada, experienced failure of one of its Klimov TV3-117BMA engines (manufactured by Motor Sich in Ukraine). The subsequent technical investigation indicated that there
308-489: The first prototype flew in 1973. It was intended to replace the decade-old Kamov Ka-25 , and had to have identical or smaller external dimensions than its predecessor. Like other Kamov military helicopters it has coaxial rotors , removing the need for a tail rotor. In total, five prototypes and pre-series helicopters were built. Series production started at Kumertau in July 1979, and the new helicopter officially entered service with
330-399: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=X-66&oldid=1167414441 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Kh-23 Grom Work on air-to-air missiles had started at
352-458: The mid-1990s Russia offset debt to South Korea through supplies of weapons. The Ka-32A11BC features a high power-to-weight ratio and ease of handling, owing to its coaxial rotor design. The rotors' diameters are not restricted by the presence of a tail rotor and associated tail boom; this facilitates maneuvering near obstacles and helps assure exceptional accuracy when hovering in heavy smoke and dust conditions. The Ka-32A11BC may be equipped with
374-453: The new Kamov Ka-27M with an active electronically scanned array radar. The basis of the modernization of the Ka-27M is installed on the helicopter airborne radar with an active phased array antenna FH-A. This radar is part of the command and tactical radar system that combines several other systems: acoustic, magnetometric, signals intelligence and radar. All the information on them is displayed on
396-525: The project name Kh-23, but they had problems developing a guidance system that would work with existing aircraft. As a result, Yurii N. Korolyov came up with his own proposals based on the earlier experiments with the RS-2-US. A design bureau to develop the RS-2-US for surface targets was set up under Korolyov by decree #100 of 12 March 1966 of the Ministry of the Aircraft Industry; this bureau would become
418-626: Was a beam-riding missile, it was paired with a radar, the RP-21M, which other aircraft did not have. Meanwhile, Korolyov took over work on the Kh-23 project intended for carriage on the Soviet Union's new MiG-23. The Kh-23 became a development of the Kh-66 design with an improved propellant and new Delta-R1M guidance system. The main practical difference was that it was a line-of-sight radio-command weapon similar to
440-559: Was a beam-riding weapon that was first tested on the MiG-21PFM , with the first launches of the missile in September 1966 .It entered production in 1968 for that aircraft. The Kh-66 was only an interim solution as it required the launch aircraft to dive towards the target to maintain lock on the target.It entered service on 20 June 1968 .The reason it was only carried on the MIG-21PFM was, since it
462-460: Was poor quality control in the assembly of the compressor turbine, leading to failure of the complete unit after several compressor blades separated. Ka-27s have been used by the Syrian Navy during the ongoing Syrian Civil War . On 21 June 2024, a Ka-29 was reportedly shot down over Crimea, by a Russian Pantsir-S1 , during a Ukrainian drone attack involving both air and naval drones, killing
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#1732852375547484-635: Was tested as an air-to-surface missile. It was concluded that the small warhead and inaccurate guidance made such an application "pointless". However, in 1965 North Vietnam requested an air-to-surface missile from the Soviet government; the AGM-12 Bullpup had entered service with the US Air Force before the start of the Vietnam War . In April 1965 OKB-134 (later NPO Vympel) started work on this missile under
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