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41-469: It is useful for things such as file transfer, casting and projecting with Miracast , wireless printing , and to communicate with one or more devices simultaneously at typical Wi-Fi speeds ( IEEE 802.11 ) without requiring a hotspot or an Internet connection. It is therefore similar to Bluetooth technology but offers a longer range. Only one of the Wi-Fi devices needs to be compliant with Wi-Fi Direct to establish

82-404: A Protected Setup-style transfer. Connection and setup is so simplified that it may replace Bluetooth in some situations. Soft APs can be as simple or as complex as the role requires. A digital picture frame might provide only the most basic services needed to allow digital cameras to connect and upload images. A smart phone that allows data tethering might run a more complex soft AP that adds

123-399: A TV or tablet. Both devices (the sender and the receiver) need to be Miracast certified for the technology to work. However, to stream music and movies to a non-certified device, Miracast adapters are available that plug into HDMI or USB ports. Certification does not mandate a maximum latency (i.e. the time between the display of pictures on the source and display of the mirrored image on

164-1080: A hotspot and connect to the Internet with ease, perhaps using Protected Setup to do so. But, the same device would find that streaming music to a computer or printing a file might be difficult, or simply not supported between differing brands of hardware. Wi-Fi Direct can provide a wireless connection to peripherals. Wireless mice, keyboards, remote controls, headsets, speakers, displays, and many other functions can be implemented with Wi-Fi Direct. This has begun with Wi-Fi mouse products, and Wi-Fi Direct remote controls that were shipping circa November 2012. File sharing applications such as SHAREit on Android and BlackBerry 10 devices could use Wi-Fi Direct, with most Android version 4.1 (Jellybean), introduced in July 2012, and BlackBerry 10.2 supported. Android version 4.2 (Jellybean) included further refinements to Wi-Fi Direct including persistent permissions enabling two-way transfer of data between multiple devices. The Miracast standard for

205-522: A number of different protocols have developed, including Universal Plug and Play (UPnP), Devices Profile for Web Services (DPWS), and zero-configuration networking (ZeroConf). These protocols allow devices to seek out other devices within the network, query their capabilities, and provide some level of automatic setup. Wi-Fi Direct has become a standard feature in smart phones and portable media players , and in feature phones as well. The process of adding Wi-Fi to smaller devices has accelerated, and it

246-435: A peer-to-peer connection. Wi-Fi Direct negotiates the link with a Wi-Fi Protected Setup system that assigns each device a limited wireless access point. The "pairing" of Wi-Fi Direct devices can be set up to require the proximity of a near field communication , a Bluetooth signal, or a button press on one or all the devices. Simultaneous connections also allow one device connected via an infrastructure local area network to

287-580: A reduction in latency and increase in throughput over competing Bluetooth controllers. Miracast Miracast is a wireless communications standard created by the Wi-Fi Alliance which is designed to transmit video and sound from devices (such as laptops or smartphones) to display receivers (such as TVs, monitors, or projectors). It uses Wi-Fi Direct to create an ad hoc encrypted wireless connection and can roughly be described as " HDMI over Wi-Fi ", replacing cables in favor of wireless. Miracast

328-497: A single click replaces the multi-step, jargon-filled setup experience formerly required. While the Protected Setup model works as intended, it was intended only to simplify the connection between the access point and the devices that would make use of its services, primarily accessing the Internet. It provides little help within a network - finding and setting up printer access from a computer for instance. To address those roles,

369-427: A wide range of games, making it a multimedia entertainment app for users. It works on various smartphone platforms and Windows, allowing users to share files between devices directly. SHAREit was developed as part of Lenovo at its initial stage but was later spun off and operated under a separate Singapore based technology company Smart Technology Pte. Ltd. SHAREit was first released under Lenovo before its ownership

410-563: Is created via WPS and therefore is secured with WPA2 . IPv4 is used on the Internet layer . On the transport layer, TCP or UDP are used. On the application layer , the stream is initiated and controlled via RTSP , RTP for the data transfer. Miracast as a use for Wi-Fi Direct . Miracast hardware now supports HD, FHD and 4K screen streaming. The technology was promoted to work across devices, regardless of brand. Miracast devices negotiate settings for each connection, which simplifies

451-598: Is named screen mirroring . Newer models with Android TV instead make use of the Google Cast protocol. On 23 September 2014, Microsoft announced the Microsoft Wireless Display Adaptor, a USB-powered HDMI dongle for high definition televisions. Simple dongles such as these can be used to provide Miracast to a television (or other display) that lacks the feature built-in. Miracast over Infrastructure Connection Establishment Protocol (MS-MICE) allows

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492-416: Is now possible to find printers, cameras , scanners, and many other common devices with Wi-Fi in addition to other connections, like USB . The widespread adoption of Wi-Fi in new classes of smaller devices made the need for ad hoc networking much more important. Even without a central Wi-Fi hub or router, it would be useful for a laptop computer to be able to wirelessly connect to a local printer. Although

533-574: Is present to stock Android as well, with Google describing it as based on the "Wi-Fi Alliance Wi-Fi Display Specification", but it tends to be useless as Miracast code was removed. Samsung televisions support Miracast where it is named Smart View (including all models made since 2016 ). Miracast is also supported on LG smart TV models, some Toshiba TVs, Sharp , Philips ( Wireless Screencasting ), and Panasonic televisions and Blu-ray players. Sony Bravia models of televisions released between 2013 and 2020 normally have Miracast. The feature

574-558: Is supported in Microsoft Windows . The Wi-Fi Alliance launched the Miracast certification program at the end of 2012. Devices that are Miracast-certified can communicate with each other, regardless of manufacturer. Nvidia announced support in 2012 for their Tegra 3 platform, and Freescale Semiconductor , Texas Instruments , Qualcomm , Marvell Technology Group and other chip vendors have also announced their plans to support

615-476: Is utilised in many devices and is used or branded under various names by different manufacturers, including Smart View (by Samsung), SmartShare (by LG), screen mirroring (by Sony), Cast (in Windows 11) and Connect (in Windows 10), wireless display and screen casting . A related enterprise protocol named Miracast over Infrastructure (MS-MICE) functions using a central local area network instead, and

656-642: The Galaxy Nexus (released November 2011) was the first Android device to ship with Google's implementation of this feature and an API for developers. Ozmo Devices, which developed integrated circuits (chips) designed for Wi-Fi Direct, was acquired by Atmel in 2012. Wi-Fi Direct became available with the BlackBerry 10.2 upgrade. As of March 2016, no iPhone device implements Wi-Fi Direct; instead, iOS has its own proprietary feature, namely Apple's MultipeerConnectivity . This protocol and others are used in

697-470: The Internet to share the Internet connection to devices it is connected through Wi-Fi Direct. Conventional Wi-Fi networks are typically based on the presence of controller devices known as wireless access points . These devices normally combine three primary functions: A typical Wi-Fi home network includes laptops, tablets and phones, devices like modern printers, music devices, and televisions. Most Wi-Fi networks are set up in infrastructure mode , where

738-517: The Wi-Fi Alliance , the industry group that owns the "Wi-Fi" trademark . The specification is available for purchase from the Wi-Fi Alliance. Intel included Wi-Fi Direct on the Centrino 2 platform, in its My WiFi technology by 2008. Wi-Fi Direct devices can connect to a notebook computer that plays the role of a software Access Point (AP). The notebook computer can then provide Internet access to

779-517: The GNOME Settings was announced, which would mean functionality would be had out of the box with that desktop environment. Windows 11 and Windows 10 (since Windows 10 version 2004 ) also have the ability to use Miracast to make a monitor display (of a computer running Windows) act as a secondary screen of another device. This feature can be set up in the Projecting to this PC setting. It requires

820-456: The Miracast standard. The Wi-Fi Alliance maintains a list of certified device models, which numbered over 13,200 as of 31 October 2024. Miracast is based on the peer-to-peer Wi-Fi Direct standard. It allows sending up to 1080p HD video ( H.264 codec) and 5.1 surround sound ( AAC and AC3 are optional codecs, mandated codec is linear pulse-code modulation  – 16 bits 48 kHz 2 channels). The connection

861-708: The Wi-Fi Direct-enabled devices without a Wi-Fi AP. Marvell Technology Group , Atheros , Broadcom , Intel , Ralink , and Realtek announced their first products in October 2010. Redpine Signals 's chipset was Wi-Fi Direct certified in November of the same year. Google announced Wi-Fi Direct support in Android 4.0 in October 2011. While some Android 2.3 devices like Samsung Galaxy S II have had this feature through proprietary operating system extensions developed by OEMs,

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902-426: The ability to route to the Internet. The standard also includes WPA2 security and features to control access within corporate networks. Wi-Fi Direct-certified devices can connect one-to-one or one-to-many and not all connected products need to be Wi-Fi Direct-certified. One Wi-Fi Direct enabled device can connect to legacy Wi-Fi certified devices. The Wi-Fi Direct certification program is developed and administered by

943-401: The access point acts as a central hub to which Wi-Fi capable devices are connected. All communication between devices goes through the access point. In contrast, Wi-Fi Direct devices are able to communicate with each other without requiring a dedicated wireless access point. The Wi-Fi Direct devices negotiate when they first connect to determine which device shall act as an access point. With

984-431: The ad hoc mode was created to address this sort of need, the lack of additional information for discovery makes it difficult to use in practice. Although systems like UPnP and Bonjour provide many of the needed capabilities and are included in some devices, a single widely supported standard was lacking, and support within existing devices was far from universal. A guest using their smart phone would likely be able to find

1025-403: The allegation stating that its security metadata integration program with Google ensures that all apps transferred through SHAREit are screened by Google Play and certified malware free before allowing them to be shared between devices through SHAREit app. In June 2020, Indian government announced the ban of 59 apps including SHAREit, TikTok , UC Browser , Weibo , Xender as tensions along

1066-539: The capabilities of Miracast but through a local network instead of directly. It has been supported in Microsoft Windows since Windows 10, version 1703 . MS-MICE connects with computers that are connected to the network via secure Wi-Fi or through Ethernet . SHAREit SHAREit is a peer-to-peer file sharing, content streaming and gaming platform that supports online and offline sharing of files and contents. It allows users access to short format videos and

1107-794: The criteria. In Windows computers this can be checked by looking at the adapter's NDIS version which must be 6.3 or above. However Miracast support also depends on the software implementation by manufacturers. Most modern devices support Miracast, with notable exceptions being products from Google and Apple . Microsoft also added support for Miracast in Windows 8.1 (announced in June 2013) and available on hardware with supported Miracast drivers from hardware (GPU) manufacturers. Windows 10 and Windows 11 support Miracast transmitting along with User Input Back Channel (UIBC) support to allow for human interface devices (touch screens, mouse, keyboard) abbreviated as HID , to also have wireless connectivity (provided

1148-529: The downloading of the optional Wireless Display add-in feature in Windows, which adds the UWP-based Wireless Display app (known as Connect before Windows 11 version 22H2 ) and is launched on the receiving device. Miracast support was built into stock Android as of version 4.2 ( Android Jelly Bean ) - as of January 2013, the LG Nexus 4 and Sony 's Xperia Z, ZL, T and V officially supported

1189-429: The feature AirDrop , used for sharing both trivial-sized content like links and contact cards, and large files of any size, between Apple devices without the need for network infrastructure. Wi‑Fi Direct was meant to bring somewhat similar capabilities to other devices. The Xbox One, released in 2013, supports Wi-Fi Direct. NVIDIA's SHIELD controller uses Wi-Fi Direct to connect to compatible devices. NVIDIA claims

1230-529: The function, as did HTC One, Motorola in their Droid Maxx and Droid Ultra flagships, and Samsung in its Galaxy S III and Galaxy Note II under the moniker AllShare Cast . The Galaxy S4 uses Samsung Link for its implementation. Some devices such as the Nexus 7 don't support it due to hardware limitations. Since Android 6.0 Marshmallow released in 2015, Google dropped Miracast support in favor of their own proprietary Google Cast protocol which

1271-574: The host hardware also supports this). The transmit feature is built-in from launch for all Miracast devices with no additional setup past using the WIN+K keystroke to pair with a compatible display sink (including Microsoft's own Wireless Display Adapter). Developers can also implement Miracast on top of the built-in Wi-Fi Direct support in Windows 7 and Windows 8 . Windows 8.1 supports broadcasting/sending

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1312-553: The increase in the number and type of devices attaching to Wi-Fi systems, the basic model of a simple router with smart computers became increasingly strained. At the same time, the increasing sophistication of the hot spots presented setup problems for the users. To address these problems, there have been numerous attempts to simplify certain aspects of the setup task. A common example is the Wi-Fi Protected Setup system included in most access points manufactured since 2007 when

1353-485: The partner and vice president of the company. Following the upgrade of SHAREit from peer to peer file and content sharing app, a separate gaming center was introduced into the app allowing users to play HTML5 games and gaming videos. In 2017, Indian Defence Ministry raised security concern against 42 popular apps including SHAREit, WeChat , Mi Store, Truecaller and ordered its armed forces to uninstall all such apps from their phones and computers. SHAREit denied

1394-460: The process for the users. In particular, it obviates having to worry about format or codec details. Miracast is "effectively a wireless HDMI cable , copying everything from one screen to another using the H.264 codec and its own digital rights management (DRM) layer emulating the HDMI system". The Wi-Fi Alliance suggested that Miracast could also be used by a set-top box wanting to stream content to

1435-520: The screen via Miracast. Another way to support Miracast in Windows is with Intel's proprietary WiDi (v3.5 or higher). While Linux does not feature native support, several add-on software solutions exist. In the GNOME ecosystem, the GNOME Network Displays application has allowed for Miracast screen sharing. As part of the 2023 Google Summer of Code , an effort to integrate this as a feature in

1476-407: The standard was introduced. Wi-Fi Protected Setup allows access points to be set up simply by entering a PIN or other identification into a connection screen, or in some cases, simply by pressing a button. The Protected Setup system uses this information to send data to a computer, handing it the information needed to complete the network setup and connect to the Internet. From the user's point of view,

1517-526: The streamed video is dependent on the device's hardware. Nokia devices, which ran a near-stock version of Android, originally did not support Miracast. However, Nokia 7 Plus, 8, 8 Sirocco, and 8.1 smartphones that have been upgraded to Android 9 or 10 are able to support Miracast, after enabling Wireless Display Certification in Developer Options. Devices such as Nokia 2.3, 2.4, 3.4, 5.4, and 8.3 5G have Miracast support enabled by default. The same option

1558-1322: The sync display). Even with certification, it is possible an underpowered device will be constrained in performance or bandwidth. Miracast can stream videos that are in 1080p , media with DRM such as DVDs , as well as protected premium content streaming, enabling devices to stream feature films and other copy-protected materials. This is accomplished by using a Wi-Fi version of the same trusted content mechanisms used on cable-based HDMI and DisplayPort connections. Mandatory: ITU-T H.264 ( Advanced Video Coding [AVC]) for HD and Ultra HD video; supports several profiles in transcoding and non-transcoding modes, including Constrained Baseline Profile (CBP), at levels ranging from 3.1 to 5.2 Optional: ITU-T H.265 ( High Efficiency Video Coding [HEVC]) for HD and Ultra HD video; supports several profiles in transcoding and non-transcoding modes, including Main Profile, Main 444, SCC-8 bit 444, Main 444 10, at levels ranging from 3.1 to 5.1 Mandated audio codec: Linear Pulse-Code Modulation (LPCM) 16 bits, 48 kHz sampling, 2 channels Optional audio codecs, including: A device's wireless network adapter must support Wi-Fi Direct and Virtual Wi-Fi for it to work with Miracast; generally most adapters built since 2013 should meet

1599-459: The wireless connection of devices to displays is based on Wi-Fi direct. Wi-Fi Direct essentially embeds a software access point (" Soft AP ") into any device that must support Direct. The soft AP provides a version of Wi-Fi Protected Setup with its push-button or PIN-based setup. When a device enters the range of the Wi-Fi Direct host, it can connect to it, and then gather setup information using

1640-486: Was introduced with their Chromecast device. Despite this there are third-party Miracast apps for Android available. Many device manufacturers have retained Miracast support through their customized versions of Android (for example: Smart View on Samsung's One UI , Cast on Xiaomi's MIUI , Screencast on Oppo's ColorOS , Wireless Projection on Huawei's EMUI , HTC Sense , LG UX , Asus ZenUI , Sony Xperia devices, OnePlus's OxygenOS etc.). The performance and quality of

1681-477: Was transferred to Smart Media4U Technology based in Singapore. At its initial release, the app was only a peer-to-peer file sharing facilitator. SHAREit later introduced entertainment features into the app, allowing users to watch videos by collaborating with entertainment providers such as Times Music . On 8 May 2018, SHAREit acquired South India OTT platform Fastfilmz app and appointed the founder Karam Malhotra as

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