46-591: The Victoria Derby, also known as the Penfolds Victoria Derby, is a Victoria Racing Club Group 1 Thoroughbred horse race for three-year-olds held under Set Weights conditions over a distance of 2,500 metres at Flemington Racecourse , in Melbourne, Australia scheduled annually on the first day of the Melbourne Cup Carnival. Total prize money for the race is A$ 2,000,000. Originally run at
92-510: A German wine flavoured with wormwood , an herb most famously used in distilling absinthe . Wine flavoured with wormwood goes back to ancient Rome. The modern German word Wermut ( Wermuth in the spelling of Carpano's time) means both wormwood and vermouth . The herbs were originally used to mask raw flavours of cheaper wines, imparting a slightly medicinal "tonic" flavor. Vins doux naturels (VDN) are lightly fortified wines typically made from white Muscat grapes or red Grenache grapes in
138-552: A cellar master by the name of Joseph Gillard. Mary retired in 1884, aged 68; at that time the winery owned about a third of all of South Australia's wine stores, and had presented at a colonial exhibition in London. Following Mary's retirement, her daughter Georgina, and son-in-law Thomas Hyland, assumed responsibility for the day-to-day running of the winery. Subsequently, the business was passed on to their two sons and two daughters. Mary died in 1896, Gladys Penfold Hyland became
184-492: A distance of 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 miles, in 1972 it was changed to 2,400 metres to conform to the metric system . It was changed again in 1973 to its present distance of 2,500 metres. First run in 1855, the first three editions were won by fillies but the last time a filly won was in 1923 when Frances Tressady claimed victory. In its history, only one horse has ever won the Victoria Derby more than once. Fireworks accomplished
230-669: A number of vineyards in the South Australian wine regions that produce a wide range of grape varieties: First used in 1923, the Penfolds logo is one of Australia's most recognised trademarks. Eight Penfolds wines were named by the Langtons auction house in its 2012 list of the top 20 most-desired brands. In 2013 Penfolds was awarded "New World Winery of the Year" by American wine industry publication, Wine Enthusiast Magazine. In 2016, Penfolds
276-613: A partner of the (RED) campaign, together with Nike , Girl, American Express and Converse . The campaign's mission is to prevent the transmission of the HIV virus from mother to child by 2015. The campaign's byline is "Fighting For An AIDS Free Generation". Fortified wine Fortified wine is a wine to which a distilled spirit , usually brandy , has been added. In the course of some centuries, winemakers have developed many different styles of fortified wine, including port , sherry , madeira , Marsala , Commandaria wine , and
322-573: Is a fortified rice wine made in Korea . Although rice wine is not made from grapes, it has a similar alcohol content to grape wine, and the addition of the distilled spirit, soju , and other ingredients like ginseng , jujubes , ginger , etc., to the rice wine, bears similarity to the above-mentioned fortified wines. Fortified wines are often termed dessert wines in the United States to avoid association with hard drinking. The term " vins de liqueur "
368-464: Is a fortified wine made in the Madeira Islands . The wine is produced in a variety of styles ranging from dry wines which can be consumed on their own as an aperitif , to sweet wines more usually consumed with dessert. Madeira is deliberately heated and oxidised as part of its maturation process, resulting in distinctive flavours and an unusually long lifespan once a bottle is opened. Marsala wine
414-428: Is a wine from Sicily that is available in both fortified and unfortified versions. It was first produced in 1772 by an English merchant, John Woodhouse, as an inexpensive substitute for sherry and port, and gets its name from the island's port, Marsala . The fortified version is blended with brandy to make two styles, the younger, slightly weaker Fine , which is at least 17% abv and aged at least four months; and
460-529: Is an Australian wine producer that was founded in Adelaide in 1844 by Christopher Rawson Penfold, an English physician who emigrated to Australia , and his wife Mary Penfold . It is one of Australia's oldest wineries , and is currently part of Treasury Wine Estates . The chief winemaker since 2002 has been Peter Gago . Christopher and Mary Penfold arrived in Australia from Angmering , West Sussex , UK, at
506-404: Is fortified halfway through its fermentation, which stops the process so that not all of the sugar is turned into alcohol. Sherry is produced in a variety of styles, ranging from dry, light versions such as finos to much darker and sometimes sweeter versions known as olorosos . Cream sherry is always sweet. Vermouth is a fortified wine flavoured with aromatic herbs and spices ("aromatised" in
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#1732852568185552-616: Is made using 1/3 armagnac to 2/3 grape juice from the same vineyard, Pineau des Charentes in the Cognac zone, Macvin in Jura ; there is also Pommeau similarly made by blending apple juice and apple brandy. Inexpensive fortified wines, such as Thunderbird and Wild Irish Rose, became popular during the Great Depression for their relatively high alcohol content. The term wino was coined during this period to describe impoverished alcoholics of
598-507: Is the racing (since it is the only race day in Australia where each and every race has Group Status), in recent years the annual Fashions on the Field held on the fourth and last day of the Melbourne Cup Carnival celebrations have shared the limelight. Derby Day has become Men's Day in the Fashion Stakes, and every year increasing numbers of fashionable gentlemen competing for prizes and a spot in
644-483: Is used mainly as a base for apéritifs such as the French Pineau des Charentes . It is produced by adding alcohol to non-fermented or partially fermented grape juice (or apple juice to make pommeau ). The addition of alcohol stops the fermentation and, as a consequence Mistelle is sweeter than fully fermented grape juice in which the sugars turn to alcohol. Moscatel de Setúbal is a Portuguese wine produced around
690-552: The Barossa Valley . In June 2012 Penfolds released a limited edition run of the "2004 Block 42" wine that was only sold in glass ampoules. The wine was labelled by the Huffington Post publication as "the most expensive wine directly sold from a winery in the world", as the winery sought US$ 168,000 for each of the ampoules. The glass ampoules were designed and hand-blown by Australian glass artist Nick Mount. Penfolds operates
736-574: The Seattle City Council asked the Washington State Liquor Control Board to prohibit the sale of certain alcohol products in an impoverished "Alcohol Impact Area." Among the products sought to be banned were over two dozen beers, and six fortified wines: Cisco , Gino's Premium Blend, MD 20/20, Night Train, Thunderbird, and Wild Irish Rose. The Liquor Control Board approved these restrictions on 30 August 2006. Gwaha-ju
782-672: The Setúbal Municipality on the Península de Setúbal . The wine is made primarily from the Muscat of Alexandria grape and is typically fortified with aguardente . The style was believed to have been invented by José Maria da Fonseca , the founder of the oldest table wine company in Portugal dating back to 1834. Port wine (also known simply as port) is a fortified wine from the Douro Valley in
828-522: The Superiore , which is at least 18%, and aged at least two years. The unfortified Marsala wine is aged in wooden casks for five years or more and reaches a strength of 18% by evaporation . Mistelle ( Italian : mistella ; French: mistelle ; Spanish, Portuguese , Galician and Catalan : mistela , from Latin mixtella / mixtvm "mix") is sometimes used as an ingredient in fortified wines, particularly Vermouth , Marsala and Sherry , though it
874-528: The aromatised wine vermouth . One reason for fortifying wine was to preserve it, since ethanol is also a natural antiseptic . Even though other preservation methods now exist, fortification continues to be used because the process can add distinct flavors to the finished product. Although grape brandy is most commonly added to produce fortified wines, the additional alcohol may also be neutral spirit that has been made from grapes, grain, sugar beets or sugarcane . Regional appellation laws may dictate
920-414: The fermentation process is complete, the alcohol in the distilled beverage kills the yeast and leaves residual sugar behind. The result is a wine that is both sweeter and stronger, normally containing about 20% alcohol by volume (ABV). During the fermentation process, yeast cells in the must continue to convert sugar into alcohol until the must reaches an alcohol level of 16–18%. At this level,
966-457: The northern provinces of Portugal . It is typically a sweet red wine, but also comes in dry, semi-dry and white or rosé styles. Sherry is a fortified wine made from white grapes that are grown near the town of Jerez , Spain. The word "sherry" itself is an anglicisation of Jerez. In earlier times, sherry was known as sack (from the Spanish saca , meaning "a removal from the solera "). In
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#17328525681851012-482: The ' white goods ' and other manufacturing interests became Southcorp, an Australian conglomerate. It was also in 1976 that Schubert stood down from the position of Penfolds Chief Winemaker, a role that was passed onto Don Ditter. In 1977, Penfolds began what was to be an almost twenty-year association with Sydney-based rugby league team, the St George Dragons as the club's primary sponsor. This association saw
1058-534: The Adelaide region, with a production total of 450,000 litres (120,000 US gal) of wine. Between 1904 and 1912, more vineyards in McLaren Vale and New South Wales were purchased. During the 1940s and 1950s, the company changed its focus and commenced the production of table wines to accommodate changing tastes. This new direction led to experiments by Penfolds' chief winemaker, Max Schubert , who backed by
1104-673: The Dragons play five 'home' games at the Adelaide Oval between 1991 and 1995, with the 1991 game attracting 28,884 fans. The Dragons, with Penfolds as their sponsor, would win the Sydney premiership in 1977 and 1979 , while appearing in the 1985 , 1992 and 1993 Grand Finals. Penfolds ended their association with St George at the end of 1995. Southcorp Wines became a part of the Foster's Group in 2005. In 2011, Fosters Group shareholders voted to demerge
1150-639: The European Union "sherry" is a protected designation of origin ; therefore, all wine labelled as "sherry" must legally come from the Sherry Triangle, which is an area in the province of Cádiz between Jerez de la Frontera , Sanlúcar de Barrameda and El Puerto de Santa María . After fermentation is complete, sherry is fortified with brandy . Because the fortification takes place after fermentation, most sherries are initially dry, with any sweetness being added later. In contrast, port wine (for example)
1196-476: The Muscat wines are protected from oxidation to retain their freshness. A vin de liqueur is a sweet fortified style of French wine that is fortified by adding brandy to unfermented grape must. The term vin de liqueur is also used by the European Union to refer to all fortified wines. Vins de liqueur take greater flavour from the added brandy but are also sweeter than vin doux. Examples include Floc de Gascogne which
1242-484: The Penfolds' son-in-law, Thomas Francis Hyland , was unaware of Mary's fundamental role at the winery, and he urged his mother-in-law to sell the business as preparation for her retirement. Mary did not accept Hyland's advice, and eventually brokered a partnership agreement that resulted in Hyland remaining in Melbourne , while Mary continued her work at the winery in Adelaide. A journalist reported in 1874, four years after
1288-428: The age of 59. According to one historical account, by the time of Christopher's death the business had "grown to over 60 acres with several different grape varieties including grenache, verdelho, mataro (mourvedre), frontignac and pedro ximenez", and the estate was "producing both sweet and dry red and white table wines with a growing market in the eastern Australian colonies of Victoria and New South Wales." At this time,
1334-406: The alcohol becomes toxic to the yeast and stalls its metabolism. If fermentation is allowed to run to completion, the resulting wine is (in most cases) low in sugar and is considered a dry wine. Adding alcohol earlier in the fermentation process results in a sweeter wine. For drier fortified wine styles, such as sherry , the alcohol is added shortly before or after the end of the fermentation. In
1380-592: The case of some fortified wine styles (such as late harvest and botrytized wines ), a naturally high level of sugar inhibits the yeast, or the rising alcohol content due to the high sugar kills the yeast. This causes fermentation to stop before the wine can become dry. Commandaria is made in Cyprus ' unique AOC region north of Limassol from high-altitude vines of Mavro and Xynisteri , sun-dried and aged in oak barrels. Recent developments have produced different styles of Commandaria, some of which are not fortified. Madeira
1426-449: The chair of the board in 1948 after her husband died. Under her leadership the company's reputation for creating fine wines increased as she backed Max Schubert as he developed the Grange wine. She led the board until 1962 when the company went public. Gladys was a director until 1963. The Penfold family retained a controlling interest until 1976. In 1903, Penfolds was the largest winery in
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1472-457: The chair of the board visited Europe following the end of World War II to learn about sherry production; however, it was the time spent by Schubert in Bordeaux that eventually led to the production of Penfolds' and Australia's most famous wine, " Grange Hermitage ", later renamed "Grange". In the 1960s the company introduced a series of red wines: Bin 389, Bin 707, Bin 28 and Bin 128, that became
1518-587: The death of Christopher Penfold, that Mary blended "the wines when they are two or three years old", a process that "is done under Mrs Penfold's personal supervision, not in conformity with any fixed and definite rule, but entirely according to her judgement and taste". The reporter stated that there was "about 20,000 gallons of wine of that age ready for the market", with a "total stock ... close upon 90,000 gallons". During her tenure, Mary engaged in experimentation, explored new methods of wine production, looked into ways of combating diseases like phylloxera , and engaged
1564-522: The feat, winning back-to-back runnings in November 1867 and again in 1868 after a change of the race date to New Year's Day. Between 1931 and 1956 geldings were not permitted to compete. Three horses have won their first race with a win in the Victoria Derby. In 1883, the New Zealand -bred horse Martini Henry won the Victoria Derby at his first start. Fire Oak in 1990, Redding in 1992 and Preferment in 2014 are
1610-572: The highlights of the Penfolds brand. In 1976, control of Penfolds was acquired by Tooth and Co. , a brewer based in New South Wales , which in 1982 became part of the Adelaide Steamship Company Group. In 1990, SA Brewing purchased Adelaide Steamship's wineries. Subsequently, SA Brewing was divided into three separate entities: the brewing assets retained the S.A. Brewing name, the wine assets were named Southcorp Wines , and
1656-438: The only other maidens to win the Victoria Derby. In 2005, Clare Lindop became the first female jockey to ride in the Victoria Derby and became the first female to win in 2008. Gai Waterhouse became the first woman to train a winner when Nothin' Leica Dane won the 1995 running. Time record: (at current 2,500 metres distance) Most wins by a jockey : Most wins by a trainer : While the major focus of AAMI Victoria Derby Day
1702-550: The respective ages of 33 and 24, in June 1844. Following their arrival, they were supported by family members in the attainment of the 500 acres (200 ha) Magill (originally "Mackgill") Estate at the foot of the Mount Lofty Ranges . As part of the cultivation of the land surrounding the cottage that the couple built (named "The Grange"), French grape vine cuttings that had been brought from England were planted. Christopher
1748-477: The social columns. Traditionally black and white are worn on this day by women and morning dress by men. The flower of the day is a blue cornflower . The idea of wearing a cornflower on Derby Day was introduced in 1962 by Mrs Sheelah Wood, wife of prominent VRC committeeman of the time, Mr Samuel Richard Creswick Wood. The 2006 Victoria Derby drew the event's largest crowd, with 129,069 in attendance. Penfolds Mary Penfold Max Schubert Penfolds
1794-516: The south of France. As the name suggests, Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise , Muscat de Rivesaltes and Muscat de Frontignan are all made from the white Muscat grape, whilst Banyuls and Maury are made from red Grenache . Other wines, like those of Rivesaltes AOC , can be made from red or white grapes. Regardless of the grape, fermentation is stopped by the addition of up to 10% of a 190 proof (95% abv) grape spirit . The Grenache vins doux naturels can be made in an oxidised or unoxidised style whereas
1840-439: The time. These wines continue to be associated with the homeless, mainly because marketers have been aggressive in targeting low-income communities as ideal consumers of these beverages; organisations in cities such as Los Angeles, San Francisco, Seattle, and Portland have urged makers of inexpensive fortified wine, including E & J Gallo Winery , to stop providing such products to liquor stores in impoverished areas. In 2005,
1886-412: The trade) using closely guarded recipes ( trade secrets ). Some of the herbs and spices used may include cardamom , cinnamon , marjoram , and chamomile . Some vermouth is sweetened. Unsweetened or dry vermouth tends to be bitter. The person credited with the second vermouth recipe, Antonio Benedetto Carpano from Turin , Italy, chose to name his concoction "vermouth" in 1786 because he was inspired by
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1932-402: The types of spirit that are permitted for fortification. For example, in the U.S. only spirits made from the same fruit as the wine may be added. The source of the additional alcohol and the method of its distillation can affect the flavour of the fortified wine. If neutral spirit is used, it is usually produced with a continuous still , rather than a pot still . When added to wine before
1978-540: The wine operations from the brewing operations, and form two separate companies; Foster's wine business became Treasury Wine Estates (TWE). Headquartered in Melbourne, it was listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) and began operating as a standalone company on 9 May 2011. Since then, Penfolds operates two wineries: Magill Estate, at the base of Adelaide's eastern foothills, and Nuriootpa in
2024-412: Was a believer in the medicinal benefits of wine , and both he and Mary planned to concoct a wine tonic for the treatment of anaemia ; Christopher had set up his practice on the eastern outskirts of Adelaide , South Australia . Initially, the Penfolds produced fortified wines in the style of sherry and port for Christopher's patients. As demand for the wines increased, the winery was expanded and
2070-605: Was named the Most Admired Wine Brand by Drinks International. Penfolds Grange was classified as a First Growth in Liv-ev's 2017 recreation of the Bordeaux 1855 classification . The only Australian winery to receive a perfect score from both Wine Spectator and Wine Advocate for the same vintage (Grange 2008). Grange 1955 was named one of the Top 12 Wines of the 20th Century by Wine Spectator . In 2012, Penfolds listed as
2116-434: Was officially established in 1844. In addition to sherry and port, the Penfolds discovered that clarets and rieslings were both easy to produce and popular. As the demand for Christopher's medical services increased, Mary was required to devote more time to the operation of the winery, and her tasks included the cultivation of the vines and grape blending. Mary assumed the running of the winery after her husband died in 1870 at
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