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28-676: The city is situated on the Sesia River in the plain of the Po River between Milan and Turin . It is an important centre for the cultivation of rice and is surrounded by rice paddies , which are flooded in the summer. The climate is typical of the Po Valley with cold, foggy winters (0.4 °C (33 °F) in January) and oppressive heat during the summer months (23.45 °C or 74 °F in July). Rainfall

56-628: A Vercelli resident was 47 (five years more than the national average of 42) and the birth rate was 8.69 births per 1,000 inhabitants (national average of 9.45 births per 1,000 inhabitants). In the five years between 2002 and 2007, the population of Vercelli declined by 1.31% while the national population grew by 3.56%. As of 2006, 92.38% of the population was Italian . The remainder were Albanian and Romanian (3.48%), North African (2.21%) and Sub-Saharan (0.64%). Approximately 1 in 6 babies born in Vercelli has at least one foreign parent. The typical dish

84-708: A part of the Università del Piemonte Orientale and a satellite campus of the Politecnico di Torino . Vercellae (or Vercelum ) was the capital of the Libici or Lebecili , a Ligurian tribe; it became an important municipium , near which Gaius Marius defeated the Cimbri and the Teutones in the Battle of Vercellae in 101 BC . The imperial magister militum Flavius Stilicho annihilated

112-621: A priestly community in Vercelli that resembled a monastic community. This coenobium , in turn, inspired others such as Gaudentius of Novara , Eustasius of Aosta , and Maximus of Turin . He was the first bishop to live in common with the clergy, devoting his best energies to form them in piety and zeal. For this reason, the Canons Regular of St. Augustine honour him along with Augustine as their founder. In 354, Pope Liberius asked Eusebius to join Bishop Lucifer of Cagliari in carrying

140-692: A request to the Emperor Constantius II at Milan , pleading for the emperor to convoke a council to end the dissensions over the status of Athanasius of Alexandria and the matter of Arianism . The synod was held in Milan in 355. Eusebius attended part of the council, but refused to condemn Athanasius and so was exiled, first to Scythopolis in Syria, under the watchful eye of the Arian bishop Patrophilus , whom Eusebius calls his jailer, then to Cappadocia , and lastly to

168-556: A very old copy of the Imitation of Christ , which is relied upon as an argument for attributing the authorship to John Gersen . Its secular texts include the Novels of Justinian ; and the 8th-century Leges Langobardorum (Laws of the Lombards - Germanic). Finally, it contains the famous Vercelli Book — an Old English manuscript which includes the celebrated alliterative poem The Dream of

196-611: Is a river in Piedmont , north-western Italy , tributary to the Po . Its sources are the glaciers of Monte Rosa at the border with Switzerland . It flows through the Alpine valley Valsesia and the towns Varallo Sesia , Quarona , Borgosesia and Vercelli . The Sesia flows into the Po River near Casale Monferrato . It is a popular river for kayaking and hosted the European championship in 2001 and

224-510: Is located at Via Foà 70 and the city's Jewish cemetery at Corso Randaccio 24. On 23 November 2013, after what was believed to be an antisemitic act, two swastikas were found sprayed on its walls. The Institute of the Beaux-Arts contains paintings by Vercellese artists. Ancient charitable institutions continue, such as the hospital founded by Cardinal Guala Bicchieri (1224), which has an annual revenue of more than 600,000 lire ($ 117,000); and

252-486: Is most prevalent during the spring and autumn; thunderstorms are common in the summer. The languages spoken in Vercelli are Italian and Piedmontese ; the variety of Piedmontese native to the city is called Varsleis . The world's first university funded by public money was established in Vercelli in 1228 (the seventh university founded in Italy), but was closed in 1372. Today it has a university of literature and philosophy as

280-481: Is rice with beans, called panissa (made with Arborio , Baldo or Maratelli rice), the tartufata (cake) and the bicciolani a type of biscuit. The typical wine is Gattinara DOCG , a classic red wine of Piedmont made principally from the nebbiolo grape (known locally as spanna ) from the comune of Gattinara , where there is archaeological evidence of vines being grown in Roman times. Unione Sportiva Pro Vercelli

308-630: The Thebaid , in Upper Egypt. Several letters surrounding the council written to or by Eusebius still survive, as do two letters written by him during his exile. In the latter place, Eusebius was dragged through the streets and persecuted in many ways but never gave up the Catholic faith. Upon the accession of Julian , the exiled bishops were free to return to their sees. Eusebius passed through Alexandria and there attended Athanasius' synod of 362 which confirmed

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336-475: The Eustathians with Bishop Meletius, by purging his election of whatever might have been irregular in it, but Eusebius found that Lucifer of Cagliari had also passed that way, and had unilaterally consecrated Paulinus , the leader of the Eustathians, as Bishop of Antioch. Unable to reconcile the factions, he continued towards home, visiting other churches along the way in the interest of promulgating and enforcing

364-645: The Goths there 500 years later. It was half-ruined in St. Jerome 's time ( olim potens, nunc raro habitatore semiruta (1, 3.1)). After the Lombard invasion it belonged to the Duchy of Ivrea . From 885 it was under the jurisdiction of the prince-bishop , who was a Count of the Empire . It became an independent commune in 1120 and joined the first and second Lombard leagues. Its statutes are among

392-614: The Rood . The civil archives are not less important and contain documents dating from 882. The Basilica di Sant'Andrea was erected by Cardinal Guala Bicchieri in 1219. Together with the old Cistercian monastery , it is one of the most beautiful and best-preserved Romanesque monuments in Italy. Among other noteworthy churches in the city is the Santa Maria Maggiore . Vercelli's synagogue , an example of Moorish Revival architecture ,

420-565: The Spaniards. In 1704 it sustained an energetic siege by the French, who failed to destroy the fortress, after which it shared the fortunes of Savoy. In 1821 Vercelli rose in favour of the Constitution. Vercelli is home to numerous relics of the Roman period, e.g. an amphitheatre, hippodrome, sarcophagi, and many important inscriptions, some of which are Christian. There are seven noteworthy towers in

448-533: The Viscount of Milan in 1334. In 1373, Bishop Giovanni Fieschi expelled the Visconti, but Matteo reconquered the city. Facino Cane (1402), profiting by the strife between Giovanni Maria and Filippo Maria Visconti , took Vercelli, but was driven out by Theodore II of Montferrat (1404), from whom the city passed to the dukes of Savoy (1427). In 1499 and 1553 Vercelli was captured by the French, and in 1616 and 1678 by

476-461: The anniversary of his death. Vercelli Cathedral is dedicated to him. In a General Audience in October 2007, Pope Benedict XVI observed, Therefore, Pastors, Eusebius said, must urge the faithful not to consider the cities of the world as their permanent dwelling place but to seek the future city, the definitive heavenly Jerusalem. This "eschatological reserve" enables Pastors and faithful to preserve

504-586: The divinity of the Holy Spirit and the orthodox doctrine concerning the Incarnation . The synod also agreed both to deal mildly with the repentant bishops who had signed Arianizing creeds under pressure and to impose severe penalties upon the leaders of several of the Arianizing factions. While still on his way home, Eusebius took the synod's decisions to Antioch and hoped to reconcile the schism there. The church

532-523: The hospices for orphan girls (1553) and for boys (1542), and mendicant homes. Vercelli is the seat of the Viotti International Music Competition . In 2007, 44,475 people were recorded as residing in Vercelli, of whom 47.3% were male and 52.7% were female. Minors (children aged 18 and younger) totalled 14.41% of the population and pensioners 25.83%; the overall national averages are, respectively, 18.06% and 19.94%. The average age of

560-519: The most interesting of those of the medieval republics. In 1197 they abolished the servitude of the glebe . In 1228 the University of Pavia was transferred to Vercelli, where it remained until the fourteenth century, but without gaining much prominence; only a university school of law has been maintained. In 1307, Fra Dolcino , the leader of the Dulcinians , was tortured and burned at the stake. During

588-759: The orthodox faith. Once back in Vercelli in 363, he continued to be a leader with Hilary of Poitiers in defeating Arianism in the Western Church, and was one of the chief opponents of the Arian bishop Auxentius of Milan . He died in 370 or 371. Although in the Middle Ages he was sometimes referred to as a martyr, this was more to honour the sufferings he endured in standing up for his faith. Later legends of his martyrdom have no historical basis. The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast on 2 August. His former feast day of 16 December roughly coincided with his elevation as bishop. His current feast day roughly coincides with

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616-482: The other churches in the city, it contains valuable paintings, especially those of Gaudenzio Ferrari , Gerolamo Giovenone and Bernardino Lanino , who were natives of Vercelli. The cathedral's Capitulary Library contains valuable manuscripts. Its religious texts include the Codex Vercellensis , an evangeliarium of the fourth century; hagiographical manuscripts, not all of which have been critically examined; and

644-527: The town, the most important are the Torre dell’Angelo , which rears up over the old market square, and the Torre di Città in Via Gioberti. Vercelli Cathedral , formerly adorned with precious pillars and mosaics , was erected and enlarged by Saint Eusebius of Vercelli , to whom it was dedicated after his death. It was remodelled as of the ninth century and radically changed in the eighteenth by Count Alfieri. Like

672-578: The troubles of the 13th century, it fell into the power of the Della Torre of Milan (1263), of the Marquesses of Monferrato (1277), who appointed Matteo I Visconti captain (1290–1299). The Tizzoni ( Ghibellines ) and Avogadri ( Guelphs ) disputed the city from 1301 to 1334. The Guelphs were expelled several times, enabling the Marquess of Monferrato to take Vercelli (1328), which voluntarily placed itself under

700-486: The world championship in 2002. This article related to a river in Italy is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Eusebius of Vercelli Eusebius of Vercelli (c. 2 March 283 – 1 August 371) was a bishop from Sardinia and is counted a saint . Along with Athanasius , he affirmed the divinity of Jesus against Arianism . Eusebius was born in Sardinia , in 283. After his father's martyrdom, he

728-505: Was divided between adherents of Eustathius of Antioch , who had been deposed and exiled by the Arians in 331, and those of the Meletians . Since Meletius' election in 361 was brought about chiefly by the Arians, the Eustathians would not recognize him, although he solemnly proclaimed his orthodox faith after his episcopal consecration. The Alexandrian synod had desired that Eusebius should reconcile

756-545: Was one of the most successful football clubs in Italy in the early 20th century, winning the national championship seven times between 1908 and 1922. However, in the summer of 2010, it was not admitted to the league due to heavy debt. A.S. Pro Belvedere Vercelli continued the history of the club and changed its name to F.C. Pro Vercelli 1892 . Currently, it plays in Serie C . Sesia The Sesia (Latin Sesites or Sessites )

784-514: Was taken to Rome by his mother, where he later became a lector . He became the first bishop in Vercelli (in northern Italy), probably sometime in the early- to mid-340s. According to a letter of Ambrose to the congregation in Vercelli two decades after Eusebius' death, the local leaders recognized his piety and thus elected him rather than local candidates ( Epistola lxiii, Ad Vercellenses ). Inspired by St Athanasius's Life of St Anthony , he founded

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