142-397: The Twitter Files are a series of releases of select internal Twitter, Inc. documents published from December 2022 through March 2023 on Twitter . CEO Elon Musk gave the documents to journalists Matt Taibbi , Bari Weiss , Lee Fang , and authors Michael Shellenberger , David Zweig and Alex Berenson shortly after he acquired Twitter on October 27, 2022. Taibbi and Weiss coordinated
284-640: A Page Six TV nightly gossip show based on and named after the Post's gossip section. A test run in July would occur on Fox Television Stations . The show garnered the highest ratings of a nationally syndicated entertainment newsmagazine in a decade when it debuted in 2017. With Page Six TV ' s success, the New York Post formed New York Post Entertainment, a scripted and unscripted television entertainment division, in July 2018 with Troy Searer as president. In 2017,
426-410: A " poison pill " strategy on April 15, which would allow shareholders to buy additional stock should a hostile takeover occur as a means to block Musk's takeover. On April 20, Musk secured $ 46.5 billion in funding as a tender offer , which the board accepted on April 25. On July 8, Musk announced he was unilaterally terminating the proposed acquisition, claiming in a regulatory filing that Twitter
568-768: A "mix of digital McCarthyism and fraud [that] did great damage to American politics and culture". Sinnenberg noted that in 2018 the ASD had already explained how, contrary to media reports, they did not track bots. He describes how neither Twitter, Taibbi, or most media outlets "noted the specific disclaimers...at the end of the methodology guide". He sums up by noting that although Hamilton 68 was "an imperfect tool...calling it McCarthyism or fraudulent seems hyperbolic on Taibbi's part". Republican politicians also lobbied Twitter to moderate or not moderate certain content to benefit their political interests. Twitter removed "go back to where you came from" from its anti-immigrant hate speech policy after
710-471: A 2019 Donald Trump tweet used a similar phrase to insult (mainly U.S.-born) Democratic congresswomen. The White House asked Twitter to remove a tweet by TV personality Chrissy Teigen that insulted President Trump, but Twitter declined to do so. On March 2, 2023, Taibbi published seventeenth installment, "New Knowledge, the Global Engagement Center, and State-Sponsored Blacklists" which focused on
852-478: A ballot counter in my state. If you're not wearing a mask , I'm not counting your vote. #safetyfirst" and "For every negative comment on this post I'm adding another vote for the democrats". He also reported that Twitter did not always take action against tweets and accounts flagged by the FBI. Taibbi wrote that a high-ranking staff member referred to the company's relationship with the FBI as "government-industry sync" due to
994-490: A channel entitled "us2020_xfn_enforcement" as a hub to discuss content removal that pertained to the then-upcoming 2020 United States presidential election. Twitter's moderation process was, according to Taibbi, based on guesswork, "gut calls", and Google searches, including moderation of then-President Trump's tweets. As previously reported by The New York Times in 2020, Taibbi said that then-head of Trust and Safety for Twitter, Yoel Roth , met regularly with agencies such as
1136-500: A close relationship" when Williams was away. According to PC Magazine , Williams was "no longer involved in the day-to-day goings on at the company". He was focused on developing a new startup, and became a member of Twitter's board of directors, and promised to "help in any way [he could]." Dorsey rejoined Twitter in March 2011, as executive chairman focusing on product development. At that time, he split his schedule with Square (where he
1278-680: A co-owner and editor of the Post , eventually working as sole editor of the newspaper while Bryant traveled in Europe in 1834 and 1835. Two additional co-owners of the paper were John Bigelow and Issac Henderson. Born in Malden-on-Hudson, New York , Bigelow graduated in 1835 from Union College, where he was a member of the Sigma Phi Society and the Philomathean Society, and was admitted to
1420-421: A collapse of Twitter. Within a week of Musk's acquisition and subsequent internal instability of the firm, including layoffs of Twitter's trust and safety teams, large advertisers including General Mills , Pfizer , Volkswagen , and General Motors announced an advertising pause. Advertising agencies , including IPG and Omnicom Media Group , advised clients to pause ad spending on Twitter temporarily until
1562-575: A consultant for five years. In 2005, it was reported that Murdoch bought the newspaper for US$ 30.5 million. The Post at this point was the only surviving afternoon daily in New York City and its circulation under Schiff had grown by two-thirds, particularly after the failure of the competing World Journal Tribune ; however, the rising cost of operating an afternoon daily in a city with worsening daytime traffic congestion, combined with mounting competition from expanded local radio and TV news cut into
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#17328511563061704-519: A contextual warning. Taibbi also shared a screenshot of what appeared to be a request from the Biden campaign asking for a review of five tweets, along with the Twitter moderation team's reply, "Handled these." Taibbi did not disclose the content of those tweets, but four were later found from internet archives to contain nude images of Hunter Biden, which violated Twitter policy and California law as revenge porn ;
1846-440: A deal that prohibited him from acquiring more than 14.9% of the company. Musk made an unsolicited offer on April 14 to acquire Twitter for $ 44 billion and take the company private. Publicly, Musk expressed that his offer was motivated by concerns with how the company was managed, emphasizing his concern that policies he described as censorship were leading to a lack of free speech on the platform. Twitter's board introduced
1988-553: A fact sheet "repeating its methodology in the Hamilton 68 project" and by fact-checking Taibbi's "major allegations in that day's 'Twitter Files'". The ASD described how the media often failed to "include the appropriate context when using the dashboard's data". Jackson Sinnenberg of The National Desk critiqued Taibbi's release, describing Taibbi's allegations and the response of the Alliance for Securing Democracy. Taibbi called ASD's work
2130-478: A gossip site; and Decider.com, an entertainment site. The newspaper was founded in 1801 by Alexander Hamilton , a Federalist and Founding Father who was appointed the nation's first Secretary of the Treasury by George Washington . The newspaper became a respected broadsheet in the 19th century, under the name New York Evening Post (originally New-York Evening Post ). Its most notable 19th-century editor
2272-521: A left-leaning bias. The first installment included content related to Twitter's moderation process regarding a New York Post article on the Hunter Biden laptop story. The second installment addressed what Musk and others have described as the shadow banning of some users. The third installment highlighted events within Twitter leading to President Donald Trump 's suspension from Twitter . The fourth installment covered how Twitter employees reacted to
2414-464: A person for telling the truth." Democratic House Representative Ro Khanna confirmed the authenticity of his email to Twitter criticizing the suppression of the New York Post ' s story as a violation of First Amendment principles. He also said that Twitter should implement "clear and public criteria" of removal or non-promotion of content, make such decisions in a transparent way, and give users
2556-461: A series of internal Twitter documents—including screenshots, emails, and chat logs—to freelance journalists Matt Taibbi and Bari Weiss . Taibbi noted that "in exchange for the opportunity to cover a unique and explosive story, I had to agree to certain conditions" that he did not disclose. Weiss stated that the only condition she and her reporting team agreed to was that the material would be first published on Twitter. Musk later stated he had not read
2698-576: A service that helps edit and share video from television broadcasts. The company was helping broadcasters and rights holders to share video content both organically across social and via Twitter's Amplify program. In July 2014, Twitter announced that it intended to buy a young company called CardSpring for an undisclosed sum. CardSpring enabled retailers to offer online shoppers coupons that they could automatically sync to their credit cards in order to receive discounts when they shopped in physical stores. On July 31, 2014, Twitter announced that it had acquired
2840-480: A service to transform Twitter threads into accessible web pages, and Quill, a messaging service. Threader.app users were directed to instead purchase the Twitter Blue service, which at the time was available only in some countries. As chief executive officer , Dorsey saw the startup through two rounds of capital funding by the venture capitalists who backed the company. On October 16, 2008, Williams took over
2982-478: A single, modular SDK , allowing developers to pick and choose which features they needed while guaranteeing ease of installation and compatibility. By building Fabric on top of Crashlytics, Twitter was able to take advantage of Crashlytics' large adoption and device footprint to rapidly scale usage of MoPub and TwitterKit. Fabric reached active distribution across 1 billion mobile devices just 8 months after its launch. In early 2016, Twitter announced that Fabric
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#17328511563063124-629: A small group. Work on the project started in February 2006. Dorsey published the first Twitter message on March 21, 2006, at 12:50 p.m. PST ( UTC−08:00 ): "just setting up my twttr". The first Twitter prototype, developed by Dorsey and contractor Florian Weber, was used as an internal service for Odeo employees. The full version was introduced publicly on July 15, 2006. In October 2006, Biz Stone , Evan Williams , Dorsey, and other members of Odeo formed Obvious Corporation and acquired Odeo, together with its assets—including Odeo.com and Twitter.com—from
3266-429: A small password-security startup called Mitro. On October 29, 2014, Twitter announced a new partnership with IBM . The partnership was intended to help businesses use Twitter data to understand their customers, businesses and other trends. On February 11, 2015, Twitter announced that it had acquired Niche, an advertising network for social media stars, founded by Rob Fishman and Darren Lachtman. The acquisition price
3408-488: A staff revolt against the Hoffenberg-Hirschfeld partnership, which included publication of an issue whose front page featured the iconic masthead picture of founder Alexander Hamilton with a single teardrop running down his cheek, the Post was again purchased in 1993 by Murdoch's News Corporation. This came about after numerous political officials, including Democratic governor of New York Mario Cuomo , persuaded
3550-472: A sum of US$ 2.56 billion and US$ 1.05 billion respectively, while Costolo 's payment was US$ 345 million. On February 5, 2014, Twitter published its first results as a public company, showing a net loss of $ 511 million in the fourth quarter of 2013. In November 2017, the Paradise Papers , a set of confidential electronic documents relating to offshore investment , revealed that Twitter
3692-469: A temporary lock on the accounts of the New York Post and White House Press Secretary Kayleigh McEnany , citing violations of its rules against posting hacked content. The Washington Post reported that this was a result of the company's scenario-planning exercises to combat disinformation campaigns, which included potential "hack and leak" situations like what had transpired during the Russian interference in
3834-577: A video clip company called Vine that launched in January 2013. Twitter released Vine as a standalone app that allows users to create and share six-second looping video clips on January 24, 2013. Vine videos shared on Twitter are visible directly in users' Twitter feeds. On October 27, 2016, Twitter announced that it would disable all uploads , but that viewing and download would continue to work. On January 20, 2017, Twitter launched an Internet archive of all Vine videos that had ever been published. The archive
3976-527: A way to appeal the decisions. House Republicans have stated their intention to investigate the exchange between Khanna and Twitter. Donald Trump referred to the first release of Twitter Files as proof of "Big Tech companies, the DNC , & the Democrat Party" rigging the 2020 United States presidential election against him, declaring that "the termination of all rules, regulations, and articles, even those found in
4118-470: Is CEO), whose offices are within walking distance of Twitter's in San Francisco. In September 2011, board members and investors Fred Wilson and Bijan Sabet resigned from Twitter's board of directors. In October 2012, Twitter announced it had hired former Google executive Matt Derella to become their new director of business agency development. Twitter named former Goldman Sachs executive Anthony Noto as
4260-569: Is among the corporations that avoided paying taxes by using offshore companies . Later The New York Times reported that Russian-American billionaire Yuri Milner had strong Kremlin backing for his investments in Facebook and Twitter. New York Post The New York Post ( NY Post ) is an American conservative daily tabloid newspaper published in New York City . The Post also operates three online sites: NYPost.com; PageSix.com,
4402-481: Is backed by Union Square Ventures, Digital Garage, Spark Capital, and Bezos Expeditions . The company raised US$ 200 million in new venture capital in December 2010, at a valuation of approximately US$ 3.7 billion. In August 2010 Twitter announced a "significant" investment led by Digital Sky Technologies that, at US$ 800 million, was reported to be the largest venture round in history. In December 2011,
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4544-497: Is greater than any President. End of story." On December 21, 2022, the FBI responded to accusations made against them in the Twitter Files, releasing the following statement: The correspondence between the FBI and Twitter show nothing more than examples of our traditional, longstanding and ongoing federal government and private sector engagements, which involve numerous companies over multiple sectors and industries. As evidenced in
4686-496: Is now WNYW , and four other stations from Metromedia to launch the Fox Broadcasting Company , Murdoch was forced to sell the paper for $ 37.6 million in 1988 (equivalent to $ 96.9 million in 2023) to Peter S. Kalikow , a real-estate magnate with no experience in the media industry. In 1988, the Post hired Jane Amsterdam , founding editor of Manhattan, inc. , as its first female editor, and within six months
4828-737: Is working" to lure advertisers back. According to a November 2022 report from Media Matters for America , Twitter had lost half of its top 100 advertisers, which spent $ 750 million on ads in 2022. Advertising research firm Standard Media Index said advertiser spending on Twitter declined 55% in November year-on-year, and declined 71% in December, despite those holiday months typically seeing higher ad spending. By December 2022, Musk's family office privately sought to sell new shares valued at his original acquisition price of $ 54.20, amid turmoil among users and advertisers, and debt payments approaching. Musk's money manager wrote to investors that in recent weeks
4970-576: The Evening Post under Bryant's editorship, it received praise from the English philosopher John Stuart Mill , in 1864. In addition to literary and drama reviews, William Leggett began to write political editorials for the Post . Leggett's espoused a fierce opposition to central banking and support for the organization of labor unions. He was a member of the Equal Rights Party . In 1831, he became
5112-415: The Evening Post . She was one of the first women to hold an editorial role at the newspaper, During her time at the Evening Post , she was the only female first-string critic on a New York newspaper. She was preceded by Clara Savage Littledale , the first woman reporter ever hired by the Post and the editor of the woman's page in 1914. In 1934, J. David Stern purchased the paper, changed its name to
5254-524: The Federal Communications Commission to grant Murdoch a permanent waiver from the cross-ownership rules that had forced him to sell the paper five years earlier. Without this FCC ruling, the paper would have shut down. In December 2012, Murdoch announced that Jesse Angelo had been appointed publisher. Various branches of Murdoch's media groups, 21st Century Fox 's Endemol Shine North America , and News Corp 's New York Post created
5396-518: The January 6 United States Capitol attack and the conflict within Twitter on how to moderate tweets and users supporting the attack. The fifth installment covered how Twitter employees influenced the decision to ban Trump from the platform. The sixth installment described how the FBI contacted Twitter to suggest that action be taken against several accounts for allegedly spreading election disinformation. The seventh installment showed Twitter's interaction with
5538-502: The January 6, 2021 United States Capitol attack , Trump made two tweets: one praised his voters, calling them "American Patriots" who will "not be disrespected or treated unfairly in any way, shape or form!!!" and the other stated that he would not be attending Joe Biden's inauguration . Twitter permanently suspended Trump's account on the same day, citing the two tweets as a violation of the "glorification of violence" policy. Taibbi reported that on October 8, 2020, Twitter executives created
5680-416: The New York Post was reported to be the preferred newspaper of U.S. president Donald Trump , who maintains frequent contact with its owner Murdoch. The Post promoted Trump's celebrity since at least the 1980s. In October 2020, the Post endorsed Trump for re-election, citing his "promises made, promises kept" policy. Weeks after Trump was defeated and sought to overturn the election results ,
5822-435: The New York Post , and restored its broadsheet size and liberal perspective. For four months of that same year, future U.S. Senator from Alaska Ernest Gruening was an editor of the paper. In 1939, Dorothy Schiff purchased the paper. Her husband George Backer was named editor and publisher. Her second editor and third husband Ted Thackrey became co-publisher and co-editor with Schiff in 1942. Together, they recast
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5964-479: The New York Stock Exchange on November 7, 2013. In September 2016, Twitter shares rose 20% after a report that it had received takeover approaches. Potential buyers were Alphabet (the parent company of Google ), Microsoft , Salesforce.com , Verizon , and The Walt Disney Company . Twitter's board of directors were open to a deal, which could have come by the end of 2016. However, no deal
6106-424: The Post ' s profitability, though it made money from 1949 until Schiff's final year of ownership, when it lost $ 500,000. The paper has lost money ever since. In late October 1995, the Post announced plans to change its Monday through Saturday publication schedule and begin issuing a Sunday edition, which it last published briefly in 1989. On April 14, 1996, the Post delivered its new Sunday edition at
6248-567: The Post published a front-page editorial, asking Trump to "stop the insanity", stating that he was "cheering for an undemocratic coup", writing, "If you insist on spending your final days in office threatening to burn it all down, that will be how you are remembered. Not as a revolutionary, but as the anarchist holding the match." The Post characterized Trump attorney Sidney Powell as a "crazy person", and his former national security advisor Michael Flynn 's suggestion to declare martial law as "tantamount to treason." In January 2021, Keith Poole,
6390-476: The Post story that due to "the SEVERE risks here and lessons of 2016", Twitter should apply a warning to the story and prevent it from "being amplified". Shellenberger shared screenshots of an email from 2021, which included a communication from Twitter's Safety, Content, & Law Enforcement (SCALE) team that Twitter had received $ 3,415,323 from a 2019 program designed to meet the "statutory right of reimbursement" for
6532-498: The Saudi prince Alwaleed bin Talal invested US$ 300 million in Twitter. The company was valued at US$ 8.4 billion at the time. On September 12, 2013, Twitter announced that it had filed papers with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) ahead of a planned stock market listing . It revealed its prospectus in an 800-page filing. Twitter planned to raise US$ 1 billion as
6674-514: The "glorification of violence" policy and that the term "American Patriots" Trump used in a tweet was code for the Capitol rioters. She also said that one team member referred to Trump as a "leader of a terrorist group responsible for violence/deaths comparable to the Christchurch shooter or Hitler ". Weiss reported that after a 30-minute all-staffer meeting, Dorsey asked Roth to simplify the language of
6816-403: The 2016 United States elections . The decision generated an outcry from then-President Trump and conservatives who saw it as politically motivated. Yoel Roth , then Twitter's Head of Trust and Safety, later said he had not been in favor of withholding the story and acknowledged that it was a "mistake" to censor it. The installment shed light on an internal debate on whether Twitter should prevent
6958-413: The 2020 United States presidential election . Shellenberger shared screenshots of Roth asking a coworker to blacklist the terms "stopthesteal" and "kraken", both of which were associated with supporters of the January 6 attack. He also said that pressure from the company's employees appeared to influence Dorsey to approve a "repeat offender" policy for permanent suspension. After receiving five strikes as per
7100-481: The Constitution" was necessary. He asked whether the "rightful winner" should be declared or a new election should be held. White House Deputy Press Secretary Andrew Bates condemned Trump's comments, writing that the U.S. Constitution is a "sacrosanct document" that unites the country "regardless of party" and that calling for its termination is an attack against "the soul of our nation". Musk tweeted, "The Constitution
7242-587: The FBI and investigated Russian interference into the 2016 election. In his prelude, Taibbi stated that the files told a " Frankenstein tale of a human-built mechanism"—"one of the world's largest and most influential social media platforms"—"grown out [of] the control of its designer". Taibbi wrote that these documents, as well as the assessment of "multiple current and former high-level executives", demonstrate how, although external requests for moderation from both political parties were received and honored, an overwhelmingly left-wing employee base at Twitter facilitated
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#17328511563067384-509: The FBI to discuss potential attempts by foreign and domestic actors to manipulate the 2020 election. Following the suspension of Trump's Twitter account, Taibbi reported that it set a precedent for the suspension of future presidents' accounts, which he claimed to violate Twitter's own policies. Taibbi wrote that he was told that the Trump administration and Republicans had made requests to moderate tweets but did not find any evidence of these requests in
7526-468: The Files showed the government had coerced the company to censor content, as Musk and many Republicans claimed. Former Twitter employees asserted that Republican officials also made takedown requests so often that Twitter had to keep a database tracking them. Internal Twitter emails showed the company allowed accounts operated by the U.S. military to run a Middle East influence campaign; some accounts were kept on
7668-625: The Global Engagement Center established by the Countering Foreign Propaganda and Disinformation Act as an inter-agency effort to combat foreign propaganda. The nineteenth installment of the Twitter Files, published March 17, 2023, dealt with how, according to Reason magazine , Stanford University 's "Virality Project", in cooperation with several nonprofits, "worked with social media platforms to flag and suppress commentary on COVID vaccines, science, and policy that contradicted public health officials' stances, even when that commentary
7810-477: The SIP-PES team was responsible for the multiple suspensions of the anti-LGBT account Libs of TikTok , which had been tagged with "Do Not Take Action on User Without Consulting With SIP-PES". She noted that Twitter had not taken down a tweet containing the address of the account's owner, Chaya Raichik. Weiss characterized these practices as censorship and as evidence of shadow banning, which Twitter disputed, largely on
7952-524: The Site Integrity Policy, Policy Escalation Support (SIP-PES) team, which included the chief legal officer, head of trust and safety, and CEO. She posted screenshots of the accounts of Stanford professor Jay Bhattacharya (an opponent of COVID-19 lockdowns ), conservative radio host Dan Bongino , and conservative activist Charlie Kirk , which were respectively tagged with "Trends Blacklist", "Search Blacklist", and "Do Not Amplify". She also said that
8094-561: The Twitter client Tweetie for the Mac and iPhone . On January 28, 2013, Twitter acquired Crashlytics in order to build out its mobile developer products. On August 28, 2013, Twitter acquired Trendrr, followed by the acquisition of MoPub on September 9, 2013. On June 4, 2014, Twitter announced that it would acquire Namo Media , a technology firm specializing in " native advertising " for mobile devices. On June 19, 2014, Twitter announced that it had reached an undisclosed deal to buy SnappyTV,
8236-523: The accounts from being flagged. Many of the accounts didn't disclose their affiliation with the military, and posed as ordinary users. The ninth tranche of "Twitter Files" by Taibbi relates to the CIA and FBI's alleged involvement in Twitter content moderation. The tenth installment was published on December 26, 2022, by David Zweig, which alleges that the U.S. government was involved in moderating COVID-19 content on Twitter. On January 27, 2023, Taibbi published
8378-583: The app. Twitter acquired Crashlytics, a crash reporting tool for developers, on January 28, 2013, for over US$ 100 million, its largest acquisition at the time. Twitter committed to continue supporting and expanding the service. In October 2014, Twitter announced Fabric, a suite of mobile developer tools built around Crashlytics. Fabric brought together Crashlytics, Answers (mobile app analytics), Beta (mobile app distribution), Digits (mobile app identity and authentication services), MoPub, and TwitterKit (login with Twitter and Tweet display functionality) into
8520-415: The bar in 1838. From 1849 to 1861, he was one of the editors and co-owners of the Evening Post . In 1877, this led to the involvement of his son Isaac Henderson Jr., who became the paper's publisher, stockholder, and member of its board, just five years after graduating from college. Henderson Sr.'s 33-year tenure with the Evening Post ended in 1879, when it was learned that he had defrauded Bryant
8662-471: The basis for its stock market debut. The initial public offering (IPO) filing states that "200,000,000+ monthly active users" access Twitter and "500,000,000+ tweets per day" are posted. In an October 15, 2013, amendment to their SEC S-1 filing, Twitter declared that they would list on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) , quashing speculation that their stock would trade on the NASDAQ exchange. This decision
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#17328511563068804-515: The basis of its different definition of "shadow ban". Twitter distinguished visibility filtering from shadow banning, which it defined as making "content undiscoverable to everyone except the person who posted it." The documents Weiss discussed focused on individuals popular with the right-wing and suggested the moderation practices were politically motivated—a long-standing claim among American conservatives, which Twitter has denied. An internal study Twitter conducted in 2018 found its algorithms favored
8946-454: The beginning of the vaccine, there was a lot of misinformation about how these vaccines worked, and what they were trying to do is find out what's real, and then make sure that false information doesn't get accidentally amplified." In a Fox News interview, Republican House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy defended Taibbi's reporting and said of Elon Musk that his critics are "trying to discredit
9088-585: The biggest deals to turn a company private. On July 8, Musk terminated the deal. Twitter's shares fell, leading company officials to sue Musk in Delaware's Court of Chancery on July 12. On October 4, Musk announced his intention to purchase the company as he had agreed, for $ 44 billion, or $ 54.20 a share; the agreement closed on October 27. Following Musk's takeover, Twitter was criticized for an increase in hate speech , as well as for perceived systemic prioritization of right-wing content. His acquisition of
9230-469: The center of the controversy stated in sworn testimony that the bureau did not give a directive to Twitter about the Hunter Biden laptop story. A former agent who helped lead the bureau's work with social media companies said, "We would never go to a company to say you need to squelch this story." Musk claimed that Twitter's content moderation violated the First Amendment . However, legal experts refuted
9372-420: The company has been characterized by large-scale policy changes, mass layoffs and resignations, and a dramatic shift in the company's work culture . Twitter's origins lie in a "daylong brainstorming session" held by board members of the podcasting company Odeo . Jack Dorsey , then an undergraduate student at New York University , introduced the idea of an individual using an SMS service to communicate with
9514-620: The company's CFO in July 2014, with an "annual salary of $ 250,000 and one-time restricted stock options of 1.5 million shares ... valued at $ 61.5 million". On June 10, 2015, Twitter announced its CEO Dick Costolo would resign on July 1, 2015. Noto was said to be considered a potential replacement for outgoing CEO Costolo. On October 14, 2015, former Google chief business officer Omid Kordestani became executive chairman, replacing Dorsey who remains CEO. On January 26, 2016, Leslie Berland , former executive vice president of global advertising, marketing, and digital partnerships at American Express ,
9656-422: The company, paying $ 54.20 per share, or about $ 44 billion. By January 2023, Twitter only had around 2,300 employees left, according to Musk, with only 550 working full-time. By April, there were less than 1,500 active employees left with 80% of Twitter's work force gone within a year. On October 28, immediately following Musk's acquisition, he fired CEO Parag Agrawal and CFO Ned Segal . Twitter's stock
9798-450: The company. On November 16, Musk issued an "ultimatum" to all remaining Twitter employees warning that workers could expect "long, intense hours of work" if they decided to stay, a decision that was ordered to be made by the following day, with news sources reporting numerous employees leaving on the same day. The Verge reported that multiple critical engineering teams "completely or near-total[ly] resigned", increasing internal fears of
9940-449: The conference hallways, exclusively streaming Twitter messages," remarked Newsweek ' s Steven Levy . "Hundreds of conference-goers kept tabs on each other via constant twitters. Panelists and speakers mentioned the service, and the bloggers in attendance touted it." Reaction at the conference was highly positive. Blogger Scott Beale said that Twitter was "absolutely ruling" SXSWi. Social software researcher danah boyd said Twitter
10082-405: The conflict between Twitter employees and how it influenced the decision regarding Trump's ban from the platform. Those communications include requests from the FBI and other agencies to determine if a particular tweet violated policies against election manipulation. Weiss reported that two tweets Trump made on the morning of January 8, 2021, were used as a foundation for his suspension. She said that
10224-438: The content of the fifth deleted tweet is unknown. Musk tweeted that Twitter had acted "under orders from the government", though Taibbi reported that he found no evidence of government involvement in the laptop story, tweeting, "Although several sources recalled hearing about a 'general' warning from federal law enforcement that summer about possible foreign hacks, there's no evidence—that I've seen—of any government involvement in
10366-461: The correspondence, the FBI provides critical information to the private sector in an effort to allow them to protect themselves and their customers. The men and women of the FBI work every day to protect the American public. It is unfortunate that conspiracy theorists and others are feeding the American public misinformation with the sole purpose of attempting to discredit the agency. An FBI agent at
10508-416: The cost of 50 cents per paper by keeping its size to 120 pages. The amount, significantly less than Sunday editions from The New York Daily News and The New York Times , was part of the Post ' s efforts "to find a niche in the nation's most competitive newspaper market". Because of the institution of federal regulations limiting media cross-ownership after Murdoch's purchase of WNEW-TV, which
10650-584: The cost of processing requests from the FBI. Musk claimed in a tweet that this payment is proof of the U.S. government bribing the company "to censor info from the public", despite such payments being commonplace for processing legal requests. Twitter's guidelines under law enforcement state that "Twitter may seek reimbursement for costs associated with information produced pursuant to legal process and as permitted by law (e.g., under 18 U.S.C. §2706)". Alex Stamos , former chief security officer at Facebook and partner at cyber consulting firm Krebs Stamos Group, wrote that
10792-466: The details could enable manipulation. But American conservatives had long contended that Twitter used its moderation policies to muzzle conservative views. On November 28, 2022, a month after Musk officially acquired Twitter, Musk announced that he planned to release a portion of Twitter's internal documents related to "free speech suppression", adding, "The public deserves to know what really happened" under Twitter's prior leadership. Musk subsequently gave
10934-514: The document for Trump's suspension. One hour later, Trump's account was suspended "due to the risk of further incitement of violence". The sixth installment, published by Taibbi on December 16, described how the FBI reported several accounts to Twitter's Trust and Safety Team for allegedly spreading election misinformation. According to Taibbi, many of the accounts reported had small numbers of followers and were making tweets seemingly satirical in nature, such as user Claire Foster who had tweeted "I'm
11076-451: The documents as confirmation of Twitter's liberal bias. Former Twitter employees and Trump White House officials confirmed that Republicans also made takedown requests so often that Twitter had to keep a database of them. Forbes reported on Taibbi's posts regarding the New York Post story that "Twitter staff took 'extraordinary steps' to suppress an October 2020 New York Post story" and appeared to indicate "no government involvement in
11218-553: The documents before their release to Taibbi and Weiss. On December 6, Musk fired James Baker , deputy general counsel at Twitter, for allegedly vetting the information before it was passed on to Taibbi and Weiss and providing an explanation that Musk found "unconvincing." Taibbi said that the planned publication of Twitter's internal documents related to its handling of the Hunter Biden laptop story had been delayed because of Baker's vetting. Baker had previously been general counsel for
11360-587: The documents to only be accessed by select people "who've expressed alignment with his pet issues" and telling his followers to vote Republican in the 2022 midterm elections . After the first Weiss thread, Caleb Ecarma of Vanity Fair wrote it was still unknown how many accounts had been "shadow banned," how they had been selected, and what their political persuasions were. He noted that several prominent leftist and anti-fascist users had been banned under Musk, while he had reinstated several banned prominent right-leaning users. Twitter, Inc. Twitter, Inc.
11502-426: The election enforcement Slack chat. The fourth installment was published on December 10 by Shellenberger. It covered how Twitter employees reacted to the January 6 United States Capitol attack and the conflict within the company about how to take action against tweets and Twitter users who were supporting the attack without a specific policy as backing, due to the unprecedented nature of Trump's false claims of winning
11644-530: The employees were later asked to return, with Twitter stating that they were "laid off by mistake". Several current and former Twitter employees sued the company for violations of the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act of 1988 due to failures to provide a 60-day notice prior to mass firings. Top security, compliance, content moderation, and sales executives resigned due to Musk stating that employees must either work longer hours or resign from
11786-531: The entire time. Henderson Jr. sold his interest in the newspaper in 1881. In 1881, Henry Villard took control of the Evening Post and The Nation , which became the Post ' s weekly edition. With this acquisition, the paper was managed by the triumvirate of Carl Schurz , Horace White , and Edwin L. Godkin . When Schurz left the paper in 1883, Godkin became editor-in-chief. White became editor-in-chief in 1899, and remained in that role until his retirement in 1903. In 1897, both publications passed to
11928-454: The examination surrounded false assertions by Musk and others that Twitter had been ordered by the government to help presidential candidate Joe Biden in the coming election by suppressing an October 2020 New York Post story about Hunter Biden's laptop . Researcher Matt Taibbi found no evidence of government involvement in Twitter's decision to initially withhold the story. In a June 2023 court filing, Twitter attorneys strongly denied that
12070-539: The family office had received "numerous inbound requests to invest in Twitter." The Wall Street Journal reported in January 2023 that talks had been held to raise up to $ 3 billion to pay down some of the $ 13 billion in bank debt incurred in the deal, which includes a $ 3 billion high interest rate bridge loan . Musk denied the report, saying, "corpo media shills clearly have their marching orders to write hit pieces on me these days." The Journal reported in October 2023 that
12212-611: The fifteenth installment, which discusses the Hamilton 68 Dashboard maintained by the Alliance for Securing Democracy (ASD). Taibbi wrote, "News outlets for years cited Watts and Hamilton 68 when claiming Russian bots were 'amplifying an endless parade of social media causes – against strikes in Syria, in support of Fox host Laura Ingraham, the campaigns of both Donald Trump and Bernie Sanders." The ASD pushed back against Taibbi's claims by publishing
12354-541: The files. Taibbi's installment attracted thousands of retweets. Some documents described Twitter's internal deliberations regarding the decision to moderate content relating to the Hunter Biden laptop controversy , while others contained information on how Twitter treated tweets that were flagged for removal at the request of the 2020 Biden campaign team and the first Trump White House . He also shared communications between California Democrat Ro Khanna and then-Twitter head of legal Vijaya Gadde , in which Khanna warned about
12496-420: The free-speech implications and possible political backlash that would result from censorship. The laptop controversy related to a 2020 New York Post article that presented allegations concerning a laptop computer of Hunter Biden , son of then-presidential candidate Joe Biden . Twitter, along with Facebook , implemented measures to block its users from sharing links to the story, and Twitter further imposed
12638-495: The frequency of emails and meetings with the agency. The seventh installment was published by Shellenberger on December 19, 2022. It described the FBI's involvement in moderating the Hunter Biden laptop story. Shellenberger reported that the FBI's and the DHS ' warnings about potential foreign interference in the 2020 presidential election influenced Twitter to moderate the Hunter Biden laptop story. Roth wrote in an internal discussion about
12780-614: The idea that content moderation by a private company violates the First Amendment, as it only restricts government actors. David Loy, legal director for the First Amendment Coalition , said that Twitter is legally able to choose what speech is allowed on their site, noting that both the Biden campaign, which was not part of the government, and the Trump White House could request specific content moderation actions. Taibbi
12922-408: The initial two threads as "sloppy, anecdotal, devoid of context, and...old news," but wrote that the files demonstrated the "immense power" possessed by Big Tech platforms as a result of "[outsourcing] broad swaths of our political discourse and news consumption to corporate platforms." He also suggested that Musk's core goal is to "anger liberals" and appeal to the political right, citing him allowing
13064-507: The intelligence community around the New York Post story on Hunter Biden's laptop. The eighth installment showed the Twitter Site Integrity Team whitelisted accounts from United States Central Command (CENTCOM) used to run online influence campaigns in other countries. On December 2, 2022, Taibbi posted a lengthy Twitter thread reporting on the first installment of the Twitter Files, which he illustrated with images of some of
13206-489: The internal documents "without filter" at once, including all of Twitter's discussions around current and future actions on content moderation. Dorsey later criticized Musk for only allowing the internal documents to be accessed by select people, suggesting that the files should have been made publicly available " Wikileaks -style" so that there were "many more eyes and interpretations to consider". Dorsey conceded that "mistakes were made" at Twitter but stated his belief that there
13348-482: The investors and shareholders. Williams fired Glass, who was silent about his part in Twitter's startup until 2011. Twitter spun off into its own company in April 2007. The tipping point for Twitter's popularity was the 2007 South by Southwest Interactive (SXSWi) conference. During the event, Twitter usage increased from 20,000 tweets per day to 60,000. "The Twitter people cleverly placed two 60-inch plasma screens in
13490-455: The laptop story," contradicting a conspiracy theory that claimed the FBI was involved. Mehdi Hasan of MSNBC criticized Taibbi on Twitter for the appearance of performing public relations for Musk; Taibbi responded by asking how many of his critics "have run stories for anonymous sources at the FBI, CIA, the Pentagon, [and] White House." Miranda Devine , a columnist with the New York Post who
13632-425: The laptop story." His reporting seemed to undermine a key narrative promoted by Musk and Republicans that the FBI pressured social media companies to suppress the Hunter Biden laptop stories. Weiss published the second installment on December 8, covering "visibility filtering." Twitter "rank[s]" tweets and search results, promoting some tweets for "timely relevance" and limiting the exposure of others. The company uses
13774-591: The management of Villard's son, Oswald Garrison Villard , a founding member of both the NAACP and the American Anti-Imperialist League . Villard sold the newspaper in 1918 following widespread allegations of pro- German sympathies during World War I hurt the newspaper's circulation. The new owner was Thomas Lamont , a senior partner in the Wall Street firm of J.P. Morgan & Co. Unable to stem
13916-426: The matter. Kayvon Beykpour, the former head of product at Twitter, called the installment "deliberately misleading"; in the interest of transparency, Dorsey called for all of the Twitter Files to be released, tweeting to Musk, "Make everything public now." The third installment was published by Taibbi on December 9, highlighting the events within the company that led up to Trump's suspension from Twitter. Two days after
14058-399: The most popular columnists of the time, such as Joseph Cookman , Drew Pearson , Eleanor Roosevelt , Max Lerner , Murray Kempton , Pete Hamill , and Eric Sevareid , theatre critic Richard Watts Jr. , and gossip columnist Earl Wilson . In November 1976, it was announced that Australian Rupert Murdoch had bought the Post from Schiff with the intention that Schiff would be retained as
14200-434: The new policy, Trump's personal Twitter account was permanently suspended on January 8. Shellenberger's installment also provided screenshots suggesting that there were instances when employees flagged tweets and applied strikes at their own discretion without specific policy guidance, which according to Shellenberger, are examples of a frequent occurrence. The fifth installment was published on December 12 by Weiss. It covered
14342-440: The newspaper into its modern-day tabloid format. In 1948, The Bronx Home News merged with it. In 1949, James Wechsler became editor of the paper, running both the news and the editorial pages. In 1961, he turned over the news section to Paul Sann and stayed on as editorial page editor until 1980. Under Schiff's tenure the Post was seen to have liberal tilt, supporting trade unions and social welfare, and featured some of
14484-590: The official views of the government, like Russia's RT and China's Xinhua ." This move by Twitter sparked a controversy and accusations of pro- Republican bias. In a statement to Variety , NPR president and CEO John Lansing condemned the decision. Twitter, Inc. was merged with X Corp. in April 2023. Twitter was an American social networking service that was rebranded as X in 2023. Users could share concise text messages, images, and videos through " tweets " and engage with other users' content via likes or "retweets". On October 5, 2012, Twitter acquired
14626-490: The paper had toned down the sensationalist headlines. Within a year, Amsterdam was forced out by Kalikow, who reportedly told her "credible doesn't sell...Your big scoops are great, but they don't sell more papers." In 1993, after Kalikow declared bankruptcy, the paper was temporarily managed by Steven Hoffenberg , a financier who later pleaded guilty to securities fraud , and for two weeks by Abe Hirschfeld , who made his fortune building parking garages. Following
14768-659: The paper's financial losses, he sold it to a consortium of 34 financial and reform political leaders, headed by Edwin Francis Gay , dean of the Harvard Business School , whose members included Franklin D. Roosevelt . In 1924, conservative Cyrus H. K. Curtis , publisher of the Ladies Home Journal , purchased the Evening Post and briefly turned it into a non-sensational tabloid nine years later, in 1933. In 1928, Wilella Waldorf became drama editor at
14910-445: The platform can sufficiently assure brand safety concerns. Apprehension over increased hate speech made advertisers leave in large numbers. Impersonator accounts had increased following errors in the blue tick scheme for verified users causing concerns. Musk said Twitter was experiencing "a massive drop in revenue" causing losses of $ 4 million per day, which he attributed to "activist groups pressuring advertisers," adding that "nothing
15052-416: The platform for years before being taken down. The releases prompted debate over the nature of blacklisting , vows for congressional investigation, calls for the full release of all documents for the sake of transparency, and calls to improve content moderation processes at Twitter. The inner workings of Twitter's content moderation systems were not well known to the public, on the basis that knowledge of
15194-491: The political right. Wired and Slate described the policy by which moderators were unable to act on high-profile conservative accounts without first escalating to high-level management as "preferential treatment", since this effectively limited Twitter's enforcement of their content policies on these accounts. Weiss did not reveal how many accounts overall were de-amplified nor the politics of those who were, and this lack of context made it difficult to glean any conclusions on
15336-537: The prior board as the sole director of Twitter and appointed himself as the CEO. For the fiscal year 2021, the last fiscal before Twitter was taken private, the company reported a loss of 221 million, with an annual revenue of $ 5.1 billion. Since its IPO, Twitter made profit in only two of the eight years. Twitter raised over US$ 57 million from venture capitalist growth funding, although exact figures are not publicly disclosed. Twitter's first A round of funding
15478-469: The publication of the documents with Musk, releasing details of the files as a series of Twitter threads. After the first set of files was published, various technology and media journalists said that the reported evidence demonstrated little more than Twitter's policy team struggling with difficult decisions, but resolving such matters swiftly. Some conservatives said that the documents demonstrated what they called Twitter's liberal bias. A major aspect of
15620-413: The reimbursements from the FBI have "absolutely nothing to do with content moderation". The eighth installment by Lee Fang on December 20, 2022, reported documents that showed the Twitter Site Integrity Team whitelisted accounts from United States Central Command (CENTCOM) used to run online influence campaigns in other countries, including Yemen , Syria , and Kuwait . This whitelisting prevented
15762-447: The removal of Dorsey as CEO. Twitter agreed to appoint a new independent director and two new board members, and to perform $ 2 billion in share buybacks. On November 29, 2021, Jack Dorsey stepped down as CEO. He was replaced by CTO Parag Agrawal. On October 27, 2022, Elon Musk closed a deal to purchase the company and fired Agrawal, CFO Ned Segal, chief legal officer Vijaya Gadde , and general counsel Sean Edgett. Musk replaced
15904-507: The reporting and drawing their own conclusions." Intelligencer wrote that the first two installments contained "a couple [of] genuinely concerning findings" but were "saturated in hyperbole, marred by omissions of context, and discredited by instances of outright mendacity" and thus "best understood as an egregious example of the very phenomenon it purports to condemn — that of social-media managers leveraging their platforms for partisan ends." Charlie Warzel of The Atlantic characterized
16046-469: The rise in popularity of the Democratic-Republican Party . At a meeting held at Archibald Gracie 's weekend villa, which is now Gracie Mansion , Hamilton recruited the first investors for the new paper. Hamilton chose William Coleman as his first editor. The most notable 19th-century Evening Post editor was the poet and abolitionist William Cullen Bryant . So well respected was
16188-422: The role of CEO, and Dorsey became chairman of the board. On October 4, 2010, Williams announced that he was stepping down as CEO. Dick Costolo , formerly Twitter's chief operating officer , became CEO. On October 4, 2010, Williams made an announcement saying that he will stay with the company and "be completely focused on product strategy". According to The New York Times , "Mr. Dorsey and Mr. Costolo forged
16330-449: The sale to proceed. On September 13, 2022, Twitter shareholders voted to approve Elon Musk's takeover of the company. On October 4, 2022, it was reported that Musk offered to proceed with the deal at the original offer price of $ 54.20 per share. The deal closed on October 27, 2022, with the merger between Twitter, Inc. and X Holdings II, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of X Holdings I, Inc., wholly owned by Musk, and Musk took control of
16472-566: The screenshots, and a statement by Musk that writers working on the files would have unfettered access, raised concerns that people could access sensitive user data in violation of a 2022 privacy agreement between Twitter and the Federal Trade Commission . On December 10, 2022, Musk threatened to sue any Twitter employee who leaked information to the press, despite his claims to be a "free speech absolutist," and having released internal messages and emails to selected journalists. This threat
16614-472: The seven major banks that provided the $ 13 billion loan had been unable to follow the standard practice of quickly selling down their exposure to other banks, due to a lack of appetite for the debt since Musk took over. The banks expected to mark down the debt by at least 15% in order to sell it. In April 2023, National Public Radio were designated as "US state-affiliated media", a label "that's typically been reserved for foreign media outlets that represent
16756-418: The story from being shared, with leadership arguing that it fell under the company's prohibition on hacked materials. According to Taibbi, then-CEO Dorsey was unaware of the decision to suppress the content when it was made. Days later, Dorsey reversed the decision, calling it a "mistake", and Twitter updated its hacked materials policy to state that news stories about hacked materials would be permitted, but with
16898-581: The term "visibility filtering" to refer to these practices as well as user-generated filtering—such as when one user blocks or mutes another account. One goal of visibility filtering is to reduce the reach of accounts that violate Twitter rules without committing violations egregious enough to warrant suspension. Weiss contended that "visibility filtering" was merely Twitter's in-house term for " shadow banning ". She posted screenshots of employee views of user accounts with tags indicating visibility filtering, and wrote that politically sensitive decisions were made by
17040-415: The two tweets were initially cleared as having no indication of incitement of violence, to the agreement of multiple employees. According to Weiss, former head of Legal, Policy, and Trust Vijaya Gadde dissented, suggesting that the tweets were dog whistles for future political violence . Weiss reported that Twitter's "scaled enforcement" team engaged and agreed with Gadde, suggesting that the tweets violated
17182-430: Was William Cullen Bryant . In the mid-20th century, the newspaper was owned by Dorothy Schiff , who developed the tabloid format that has been used since by the newspaper. In 1976, Rupert Murdoch 's News Corp bought the Post for US$ 30.5 million (equivalent to $ 163 million in 2023). As of 2023, the New York Post is the fourth-largest newspaper by print circulation among all U.S. newspapers. The Post
17324-495: Was "no ill intent or hidden agendas" in the company. He also condemned the harassment campaigns waged against former Twitter employees, saying that it is "dangerous" and "doesn't solve anything". After the first set of Files was published, an assortment of technology and media journalists said that the reported evidence demonstrated little more than Twitter's policy team struggling with difficult decisions, but resolving such matters swiftly; while conservative journalists characterized
17466-597: Was "owning" the conference. In April 2012, Twitter announced that it was opening an office in Detroit , with the aim of working with automotive brands and advertising agencies. Twitter also expanded its office in Dublin . Twitter hit 100 million monthly active users in September 2011. On December 18, 2012, Twitter announced it had surpassed 200 million monthly active users . The company had its initial public offering on
17608-454: Was a service which lets writers create email newsletters and offer free or paid subscriptions to them. Revue was founded in the Netherlands in 2015 and acquired by Twitter on January 26, 2021. On December 14, 2022, Twitter announced the service would be discontinued on January 18, 2023, at which point all user data would be deleted. On April 11, 2010, Twitter acquired Atebits, developers of
17750-400: Was among the first to write about the laptop, told Fox News host Tucker Carlson that the presentation regarding the story wasn't the "smoking gun we'd hoped for". Jim Geraghty of National Review wrote that "the files paint an ugly portrait of a social-media company's management unilaterally deciding that its role was to keep breaking news away from the public instead of letting people see
17892-525: Was an American social media company based in San Francisco , California, which operated and was named for its flagship social media network prior to its rebrand as X . In addition to Twitter, the company previously operated the Vine short video app and Periscope livestreaming service. In April 2023, Twitter merged with X Holdings and ceased to be an independent company, becoming a part of X Corp. Twitter
18034-417: Was created by Jack Dorsey , Noah Glass , Biz Stone , and Evan Williams in March 2006 and was launched that July. By 2012 , more than 100 million users tweeted 340 million tweets a day. The company went public in November 2013. By 2019 , Twitter had more than 330 million monthly active users. On April 25, 2022, Twitter agreed to a $ 44 billion buyout by Elon Musk , CEO of SpaceX and Tesla , one of
18176-450: Was criticized for not redacting email addresses from published screenshots; Yoel Roth , Twitter's former head of Trust and Safety, called it "fundamentally unacceptable", and Musk conceded that the email addresses should have been redacted. Though Musk was supportive of Roth while he was employed by Twitter, after his resignation he began publicly criticizing him and endorsing tweets making false accusations. This included an accusation that he
18318-493: Was expressed in an all-hands, with Twitter employees given a pledge to sign indicating that they understood. The Federal Trade Commission had conducted an investigation into the information released as part of the Twitter Files in late 2022, and ruled in February 2024 that no data privacy violations had occurred as Twitter engineers had "[taken] appropriate measures to protect consumers’ private information". Twitter's former CEO and co-founder Jack Dorsey urged Musk to release all
18460-400: Was first announced in October 2021, and the selling price was reported at $ 1.05 billion. Business magnate Elon Musk revealed that he had bought 9.1% of Twitter for $ 2.64 billion on April 4, 2022. In response, Twitter's stock rose by as much as 27% and Twitter shares experienced the largest intraday surge since Twitter's IPO in 2013. Musk was appointed to Twitter's board on April 9, under
18602-449: Was for an undisclosed amount that is rumored to have been between US$ 1 million and US$ 5 million. Its second B round of funding in 2008 was for US$ 22 million and its third C round of funding in 2009 was for US$ 35 million from Institutional Venture Partners and Benchmark Capital along with an undisclosed amount from other investors including Union Square Ventures , Spark Capital , and Insight Venture Partners . Twitter
18744-522: Was founded by Alexander Hamilton with about US$ 10,000 (equivalent to $ 183,120 in 2023) from a group of investors in the autumn of 1801 as the New-York Evening Post , a broadsheet . Hamilton's co-investors included other New York members of the Federalist Party , including Robert Troup and Oliver Wolcott who were dismayed by the election of Thomas Jefferson as U.S. president and
18886-460: Was in " material breach " of several parts of the agreement by refusing to comply with Musk's requests for spambot account data and dismissing high-ranking employees. In response, Twitter board chair Bret Taylor pledged to pursue legal action against Musk at the Delaware Court of Chancery with the goal of completing the acquisition. On July 12, Twitter opened a lawsuit against Musk to force
19028-404: Was installed on more than 2 billion active devices and used by more than 225,000 developers. Fabric is recognized as the #1 most popular crash reporting and also the #1 mobile analytics solution among the top 200 iOS apps, beating out Google Analytics , Flurry , and Mixpanel . In January 2017, Google acquired Fabric from Twitter and later integrated it into their Firebase platform. Revue
19170-459: Was made, with reports in October stating that all the potential buyers dropped out partly due to concerns over abuse and harassment on the service. In June 2017, Twitter revamped its dashboard to improve the new user experience. In April 2021, Twitter announced that it was establishing its African headquarters in Ghana . In January 2022, Twitter finalized the sale of MoPub to AppLovin . The deal
19312-431: Was named chief marketing officer. In November 2016, COO Adam Bain announced his resignation and CFO Anthony Noto took over Bain's role. A month later, on December 20, 2016, CTO Adam Messinger announced that he too was leaving. In February 2020, it was reported that Elliott Management Corporation had acquired a stake in Twitter, with activist shareholder and Republican Party supporter Paul Singer expected to seek
19454-442: Was officially discontinued in April 2019. On March 13, 2015, Twitter announced its acquisition of Periscope, an app that allowed live streaming of video. Periscope was launched on March 26, 2015. Due to declining usage, product realignment, and high maintenance costs the service was discontinued on March 31, 2021. However, past Periscope videos can still be watched via Twitter and most of its core features are now incorporated into
19596-480: Was reportedly $ 50 million. Twitter announced that it had acquired TellApart, a commerce ads tech firm, with $ 532 million stock. In June 2016, Twitter acquired an artificial intelligence startup called Magic Pony for $ 150 million. On January 26, 2021, Twitter acquired Revue, an email newsletter service to compete with platforms like Substack . In November and December 2021, Twitter acquired and immediately shut down two competitors: threader.app,
19738-404: Was sexualizing children, which Donie O'Sullivan of CNN said is a "common trope used by conspiracy theorists to attack people online". Roth subsequently faced a wave of threats of violence serious enough for him to flee his home. Musk directed his new head of Trust and Safety, Ella Irwin, to give screenshots of internal views of users' accounts to Weiss, which she posted online. The publication of
19880-508: Was suspended from trading prior to the New York Stock Exchange opening the next day and was delisted on November 8. On October 31, Musk announced in a security filing that he had dissolved the board of directors and would serve as the CEO of the company. In January 2023, he also fired an employee who criticized him. On November 4, Twitter laid off about half of its 7,500 employees, leaving several internal departments, including communication and core engineering teams understaffed. Some of
20022-523: Was true." The object was to police alleged COVID misinformation that included true information being misused to favor misinformation tropes: "While individual true stories about negative vaccine side effects were not treated as misinformation or disinformation, they could be labeled 'malinformation' if they exaggerated or misled people, said researchers." Other examples of flagged posts included criticism of vaccine passports , and discussion of breakthrough infections . ZDNet tech reporter Dan Patterson wrote: "At
20164-566: Was widely viewed to be a reaction to the botched initial public offering of Facebook . On November 6, 2013, 70 million shares were priced at US$ 26 and issued by lead underwriter Goldman Sachs . On November 7, 2013, the first day of trading on the NYSE, Twitter shares opened at $ 26.00 and closed at US$ 44.90, giving the company a valuation of around US$ 31 billion. Consequently, executives and early investors marginally increased their capital, including co-founders Williams and Dorsey who received
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