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50-629: The mansion and its immediate grounds are now home to the Tring Park School for the Performing Arts . Tring Park now usually refers to that part of the original estate south of the A41. It is public open space, owned by Dacorum Borough Council and managed by the Woodland Trust . Originally designed by Sir Christopher Wren in the 1680s, the house was considerably expanded in the 1780s and again in

100-460: A filming location for multiple film and television productions. Some of the most notable include; 51°47′34″N 0°39′23″W  /  51.79285°N 0.65635°W  / 51.79285; -0.65635 Lionel de Rothschild Baron Lionel Nathan de Rothschild (22 November 1808 – 3 June 1879) was a British Jewish banker, politician and philanthropist who was a member of the prominent Rothschild banking family of England . He became

150-650: A man whose vast wealth was based on what she called "a species of gambling" rather than legitimate trade. However, the Queen did raise Lionel's son Nathan to the peerage in 1885, and he became the first Jewish member of the House of Lords . Rothschild was responsible for raising large sums for the government, especially in the Crimean war , and for philanthropic relief of the victims of the Great Irish Famine . In 1861, in protest at

200-659: A specialised course of one of the following; dance , acting , commercial music or musical theatre . Thus, vocational studies are supported by a full academic syllabus from prep to A-level. The school was first founded in 1939 and was originally known as the Cone–Ripman School. It was formed as a result of a merger between the Cone School of Dancing founded in 1919 by Grace Cone, and the Ripman School founded in 1922 by Olive Ripman. The schools were initially in two parts,

250-653: The Cluniac order of St Saviour at Faversham in Kent and the Manor of Tring was presented to the abbey. It was later exchanged for other properties with the Archbishop of Canterbury . When Henry VIII dissolved the monasteries during the 1530s, the manor was confiscated and became Crown property and remained in Royalist hands up to the reign of Charles I . In 1650 Charles I arranged to have

300-636: The Rothschild Bank vacated the mansion at Tring Park , which had been its temporary base during the war, and the Rothschild family permitted the school to use the premises on a permanent basis. Tring Park remains the school's sole campus to this day and in 1947, the school was renamed the Arts Educational School, Tring Park, with the London school becoming the Arts Educational School, London. In 1970,

350-549: The 1880s. The Manor of Tring is first mentioned in the Domesday Book where it is referred to as "Treunge" and was owned by Eustace III, Count of Boulogne , a countryman of William the Conqueror . The Count's daughter Matilda of Boulogne inherited it from her father and went on to marry Stephen of Blois, a grandson of William the Conqueror. He later became King Stephen of England . In 1148 King Stephen and Queen Matilda founded

400-523: The Commons for another eleven years until the discriminatory legislation against Jews was removed . During the late 1880s Lord Rothschild began making significant structural alterations to the house: in 1889 work began on the Smoking Room extension to designs by George Devey and the whole house was refaced in red brick with white ashlar dressing. The conservatory and orangery were demolished (thereby removing

450-667: The Cone studio located above Lilly & Skinner's shoe shop on Oxford Street and the Ripman in Baker Street. Cone-Ripman School was then based in premises at Stratford Place in London, but following the outbreak of World War II , it was relocated to Tring in Hertfordshire , using various rented buildings. In 1941, the school reopened in London, but a second school continued to operate in Tring. In 1945,

500-458: The Gore family before being sold to Sir Drummond Smith, a London banker, in 1786. He made extensive changes both to the park and the house, which until that time had remained unaltered from Wren's original design. The contours of the parklands were smoothed and flattened to present a more naturalistic outlook in keeping with the style of Capability Brown that was in vogue at the time and the interior of

550-555: The House of Commons but was twice rejected by the House of Lords . After being rejected again by the Upper House in 1849, Rothschild resigned his seat and stood again winning in a by-election to strengthen his claim. In 1850, he entered the House of Commons to take his seat but refused to swear on a Christian Bible asking to use only the Hebrew Bible . This was permitted but when omitting

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600-532: The London Lodge in 1895 when two pavilions, believed to be part of Wren's original design and which originally stood on either side of the London Road, were demolished. Despite local protests, the buildings were razed and replaced with a mock-Tudor cottage ( 51°47'40.58"N 0°39'26.21"W ) designed by Tring architect William Huckvale who rebuilt many of the estate's properties in and around Tring. The cupola from one of

650-530: The Performing Arts Tring Park School or Tring Park School for the Performing Arts is a co-educational , independent day and boarding school in Tring , Hertfordshire , England. The school combines academia with vocational courses in the performing arts for pupils aged 8–19. All prospective pupils are required to attend an audition to determine admission, with the exception of those in

700-432: The Performing Arts is an independent , co-educational boarding and day school for pupils aged 8–19 years. The school in divided into 4 levels consisting of a preparatory school (years 3–6), a Lower School (years 7–9), a Middle School (years 10–11), and an Upper School/Sixth Form (years 12–13). Recognised as a specialist provider of vocational training in the performing arts, students combine their academic studies with

750-512: The Performing Arts. The London school continues to operate, and is commonly known as ArtsEd . For many years, the school's president was the renowned prima ballerina assoluta , Dame Alicia Markova . After her death, Leopold David de Rothschild CBE became president and the vice presidents are Irek Mukhamedov OBE and Howard Goodall CBE. The current Tring Park Mansion was built to a design of Sir Christopher Wren in 1685, for Sir Henry Guy . Sir William Gore , Lord Mayor of London, bought

800-682: The Prep School. Around 1 in every 7 applicants are successful. The school comprises a Prep School , a Lower School, a Middle School and a Sixth Form. Originally known as the Arts Educational School, Tring Park , it was founded as the sister school of the Arts Educational Schools , London. In 2009, it became independent of the London school and was renamed Tring Park School for the Performing Arts. Tring Park School charges up to £48,093 per year (£16,031 per term, with three terms in

850-455: The Wren pavilions was removed and mounted on the stable block designed by James Gibbs . The cottage still stands today and is partially visible from London Road, beyond a tall brick wall from the same period. Other alterations to the house included the remodelling of the entrance (east) front where the portico, which had originally faced onto the former Aylesbury to Berkhamsted road through the park,

900-495: The academic year). However, it is one of only twenty-one schools in the U.K. selected to allocate Dance and Drama Awards and one of eight schools selected to allocate Music and Dance Scheme Awards, both government funded scholarship schemes established to subsidise the cost of professional dance and drama training for talented pupils at leading institutions. The school also offers its own scholarships awarded exclusively in recognition of talent during auditions. Tring Park School for

950-484: The assumed name of "Mr Acton", his colt Sir Bevys won the 1879 Epsom Derby . In 1836, Lionel de Rothschild married his first cousin Baroness Charlotte von Rothschild (1819–1884), daughter of Baron Carl Mayer von Rothschild of the Rothschild banking family of Naples . They had the following children: Lionel de Rothschild suffered from gout for more than 20 years. He had a seizure on 3 June 1879 and died

1000-546: The construction of a new manor house to a design by Sir Christopher Wren . Guy was sent to the Tower of London soon after William III and Mary II acceded to the throne in the Glorious Revolution in 1688 on account of his misappropriation of Treasury funds. Tring Park was sold in 1705 to William Gore , Lord Mayor of London during the reign of Queen Anne . Sir William died after two years and his son William inherited

1050-493: The estate, passing it in 1739 to his son Charles . It was Charles Gore who was responsible for diverting the main Aylesbury to Berkhamsted road from its existing course through the park, which took it straight past the front door of the mansion, to its present route, following considerably flatter terrain further north along the course of what has now become Tring High Street. The property passed through two further generations of

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1100-621: The first practising Jew to sit as a Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom . He co-founded the British Relief Association , the largest private provider of relief during the Great Irish and Highland Potato famines raising over £500,000. The eldest son of Nathan Mayer Rothschild and his wife, Hannah Barent-Cohen, he was a member of the wealthy Rothschild family . Both of his parents were Jewish. He

1150-774: The following year Victor, Charles's son – now the 3rd Lord – offered the museum and its collections to the British Museum . Walter's private museum now became part of the Natural History Museum at South Kensington. The final dissolution of the Tring Park estate came in October 1938 when the estate was broken up and sold piecemeal. It consisted of eleven farms, numerous smallholdings, allotments, cottages and shops in Tring, Aston Clinton , Bucklands, Drayton Beauchamp , Cholesbury , Wigginton , Marsworth and Long Marston as well as

1200-461: The house in 1705 and it remained in his family for two generations. In 1786, it was sold to Sir Drummond Smith , a London banker, who refurbished the interior in Georgian style and remodelled the park in the fashion made popular by Capability Brown . William Kay, a Manchester textile magnate, bought the estate in 1823. In 1838, Nathan de Rothschild began renting Tring Park as a summer residence. When

1250-477: The house was extensively remodelled along the entire south range of reception rooms with the exception of the library, which retained its seventeenth century ceiling. The drawing room and sitting rooms were given moulded and carved plaster ceilings in the rococo style, complete with cherubs and garlands. Sir Drummond Smith died in 1816 without an heir and the estate was sold to William Kay, a Manchester textile magnate for £90,000. Two years later, Kay's brother built

1300-427: The last tenuous link with Nell Gwynne) and the foundations used for the base of the new Smoking Room. In the same year the whole roof was lifted and a full-height top floor was inserted, replacing the mezzanine, with a slate Mansard roof complete with its French-style finials and a ten-foot gilded weathervane. Lord Rothschild continued to make alterations to Tring Park and these included the controversial rebuilding of

1350-636: The manor transferred to his wife, Queen Henrietta Maria , only to have it confiscated by Parliamentary Forces during the English Civil War . When Charles II was re-established as monarch in the English Restoration in 1660, he gave the house to his Groom of the Bedchamber , Sir Henry Guy in 1680. Guy became Secretary to the Treasury and it was widely believed that he used this position to subsidise

1400-644: The museum opened to the public and three new wings were added between 1906 and 1912 – the Bird Wing, the Library and the Lepidoptera Hall – in order to accommodate the huge numbers of specimens, amassed by Walter personally and the collectors he employed on his behalf. Walter's father had always disapproved of his son's consuming interest in zoology and after a particularly serious disagreement – principally with regard to Walter's inability to control his finances concerning

1450-437: The museum – he disinherited his elder son. Whilst the title would pass to Walter, the house and estate were all left to his younger brother, Charles. Although disinherited, Walter had been by no means cut off without a penny: his father had given him a capital sum of a million pounds to live off. In 1908 this was an indescribably large amount and by the time of his father's death in 1915, Walter's finances were well in hand and he

1500-406: The oath with covered head, substituting "so help me, Jehovah " for the ordinary form of oath, and thereupon took his seat as the first Jewish member of Parliament. He was re-elected in general elections in 1859 and 1865, but defeated in 1868; he was returned unopposed in a by-election in 1869 but defeated a second time in the general election in 1874. A patron of thoroughbred horse racing , under

1550-486: The parklands. The kangaroos were a nightmare for the gardeners: at 6.30 in the morning, Lord Rothschild would often go riding before breakfast. The kangaroos, with total disregard for the ha-ha separating the park from the grounds, would jump up and spend time roaming around the lawns, digging up and eating the flowers in the formal beds around the drawing room terrace. The gardeners, who had been up since 5am, then had to quickly replant these before Lord Rothschild appeared at

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1600-649: The property to his son, Nathaniel Mayer Rothschild as an overdue wedding gift. The location was very convenient since he had been Member of Parliament for Aylesbury since 1865 and the Rothschild family had also acquired a number of estates in the area. In 1872 the family moved to Tring with their son Walter Rothschild , aged four; their daughter Evelina and second son Charles Rothschild were both born at Tring. The family divided their time between their London home at 148 Piccadilly and Tring Park. Lady Rothschild preferred to remain at Tring with her children throughout much of

1650-485: The property was sold in 1872, Lionel de Rothschild bought it as a wedding present for his son, Sir Nathaniel (later Lord) de Rothschild . Lord Rothschild's family grew up and lived at Tring Park until the death of the dowager Lady Rothschild in 1935. The house was used by the NM Rothschild & Sons bank during World War II before being taken over by the Arts Educational School in 1945. Tring Park School has been

1700-399: The rest of her life and after living at Tring for more than sixty years, Lady Rothschild died peacefully on 8 January 1935 aged 91. Under the terms of his father's will, Walter was now obliged to move out of Tring Park and the house and estate now passed to his brother Charles's branch of the family. Just two years later the 2nd Baron Rothschild of Tring died in his sleep on 27 August 1937 and

1750-586: The school acquired the freehold of the mansion and grounds and began a redevelopment of the site, financed by the sale of unused land. The refurbished building was officially opened in 1976 by the Duchess of Kent . The school was later extended in 1990, with the opening of the Markova Theatre by Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh . In 1993, the school purchased the former St Francis de Sales Convent for use as offsite boarding accommodation for senior pupils. A second house

1800-604: The silk-throwing mill in Brook Street, providing employment for over six hundred people. William Kay's son inherited the house in 1838 and it was from this time that Lionel de Rothschild began renting it as a summer home. When the Kays decided to sell in 1872, Baron Lionel de Rothschild bought Tring Park and its 3,643 acres (14.74 km), which also included the manors of Miswell, Hastoe, Dunsley and Willstone for £ 230,000 – this equates to about £8,000,000 in today's money. Lionel gave

1850-541: The stables. Walter assumed the title of 2nd Lord Rothschild of Tring in 1915. Three years later, after the end of World War I , the family donated the house's lily pond and immediate grounds to the townspeople of Tring and it became the Memorial Gardens. Once it became evident that Walter would not marry, Lady Rothschild sold her dower house, Champneys near Wigginton (a little over 1 mile/1.7 km east of Tring Park Mansion), in 1923. Walter lived with his mother for

1900-478: The stud farm in Akeman Street. During World War II the house was used by the N M Rothschild & Sons bank, as a repository for the safe-keeping of documents and valuables outside London. The Tring Home Guard also used the park grounds for exercises and training. After the end of the war, the bank had no further use for the house and the new Lord Rothschild had no desire to reinstate the estate. The mansion

1950-518: The suppression of the Polish uprisings, he (initially) refused to contract a loan to Russia . His most famous undertaking was financing the government's purchase of the Suez Canal shares from Egypt for £4 million. On 1 January 1847, he founded the British Relief Association , alongside Stephen Spring Rice , John Abel Smith and other notable aristocrats. The Association went on to raise £500,000, and

2000-523: The title in British society. By royal licence of Queen Victoria on 16 June 1838, he was allowed (along with other male-line descendants of his late father) to use the Austrian title of baron in the United Kingdom. Prime Minister Gladstone proposed to Queen Victoria that Lionel be made a British peer . She demurred, saying that titling a Jew would raise antagonism and furthermore it would be unseemly to reward

2050-441: The visible height of the room. By the time Walter Rothschild had become a young man, it was clear that he had no interest in the family's banking business. His passion was zoology and it was to this end that he devoted his life's work. The Walter Rothschild Zoological Museum was built in the grounds in 1889 as a twenty-first birthday present. This housed his massive collection of stuffed mammals, birds, reptiles and insects. In 1892

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2100-509: The words "upon the true faith of a Christian" from the oath he was required to leave. In 1851, a new Jewish Disabilities Bill was defeated in the House of Lords. In the 1852 general election, Rothschild was again elected but the next year the bill was again defeated in the upper house. Finally, in the Jews Relief Act 1858 , the House of Lords agreed to a proposal to allow each house to decide its own oath. On 26 July 1858, Rothschild took

2150-412: The year and quite often her husband would be on his own at the sprawling London residence, surrounded by dust-sheeted furniture. Sir Nathaniel became Lord Rothschild in 1885, the first Jewish peer raised to the House of Lords , just as his father, Lionel, had been the first Jewish Member of Parliament to sit in the House of Commons . Lionel was first elected in 1847 but was unable to take his seat in

2200-517: Was able to mount overseas expeditions to locate new and exotic specimens as well as to purchase existing collections wholesale. The museum's displays included two-and-a-half million butterflies, set under glass, over three hundred thousand bird skins and copious specimens of mammals and reptiles. These remain to this day supreme examples of Victorian taxidermy. As a result of Walter's zoological pursuits, Tring Park housed not only his well-known zebras but also emus, rheas and kangaroos, which roamed wild in

2250-715: Was born in London, where his father had founded the English branch of the Europe-wide family. In his earlier years, he studied at the University of Göttingen before embarking on an apprenticeship in the family business at London, Paris and Frankfurt. He was admitted to the family partnership in 1836 at a family gathering in Frankfurt. Like his father, he was a Freiherr ( baron ) of the Austrian Empire , but unlike his father, he used

2300-455: Was demolished and a new porte-cochère was built on the north front. The east front was rebuilt with a shallow bow window rising through all three floors and the former entrance hall enclosed by large glass doors at the first set of columns to form another reception room. This room, the Morning Room, originally had a double-height ceiling but was given a massive barrel-vault in order to reduce

2350-554: Was first elected to the British House of Commons as one of four Members of Parliament for the City of London constituency . Because Jews were at that point still barred from sitting in the chamber due to the Christian oath required to be sworn in, Prime Minister Lord John Russell introduced a Jewish Disabilities Bill to remove the problem with the oath. In 1848, the bill was approved by

2400-666: Was leased by the Prudential Assurance Company and in 1945 was leased and subsequently purchased by the Cone-Ripman School which, in turn, became the Arts Educational School, Tring Park, which became the Tring Park School for the Performing Arts . In 1975 the A41 Tring Bypass was opened, splitting the former parklands in two. 51°47′30″N 0°39′27″W  /  51.79176°N 0.65751°W  / 51.79176; -0.65751 Tring Park School for

2450-624: Was purchased for use as boarding accommodation in 1994. Later in 1994, the Arts Educational Schools Trust decided that it was in the best interests of both the London and Tring schools, for them to be run separately. This led to the formation of the AES Tring Park School Trust, which acquired the school and is now solely responsible for its ongoing management. In 2009, to further identify the school as an independent institution, it changed its name to Tring Park School for

2500-637: Was the largest private provider of relief during the Irish Famine and Highland Potato Famine . A Dublin newspaper, commenting in 1850, pointed out that Baron Lionel de Rothschild and his family had, ...contributed during the Irish famine of 1847 ... a sum far beyond the joint contributions of the Devonshires , and Herefords , Lansdownes , Fitzwilliams and Herberts, who annually drew so many times that amount from their Irish estates. In 1847, Lionel de Rothschild

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