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83-547: After two years of planning, buildout, pilot brewing, and securing licenses and permits, founders JC and Esther Tetreault established the brewery on March 21, 2013, at its first facility in Fort Point , Boston, Massachusetts . Despite its urban setting, the Tetreault's have envisioned Trillium as a New England farmhouse-inspired brewery rooted in community and hospitality from its inception. With brewing and to-go retail operations under

166-524: A fort stood which guarded the city in colonial times . Fort Hill was located near what is today the intersection of Oliver and High Streets. At least until 1675, (see map ) the hill jutted out into the Atlantic Ocean , hence the designation of being a "point". Its height and proximity to the sea made the hill an advantageous point to put defensive cannons . Between 1866 and 1872, the City of Boston undertook

249-1024: A 1 mi rocky bulge at the end of a swampy isthmus surrounded on all sides by mudflats. Blaxton thus became the first colonist to settle in what would become Boston . He lived at the Western end of the Shawmut Peninsula at the foot of what is now Beacon Hill and was entirely alone for more than five years. In 1629 Isaac Johnson landed with the Puritans in nearby Charlestown , having left Salem for want of food. Blaxton and Johnson had been university contemporaries at Emmanuel College, Cambridge . The rockier highlands of Charlestown lacked easily tappable wells. Knowing of this difficulty, Blaxton wrote an historic letter in September 1630 to Johnson and his group of Puritans that advertised Boston's excellent natural spring, and invited them to settle on his land. This they did over

332-949: A Hill " metaphor. This influenced every facet of Boston life, and made it imperative that colonists legislate morality as well as enforce marriage, church attendance, education in the Word of God, and the persecution of sinners. One of the first schools in America, Boston Latin School (1635), and the first college in America, Harvard College (1636), were founded shortly after Boston's European settlement. Town officials in colonial Boston were chosen annually; positions included selectman , assay master, culler of staves, Fence Viewer , hayward , hogreeve , measurer of boards, pounder , sealer of leather, tithingman , viewer of bricks, water bailiff , and woodcorder. Boston's Puritans looked askance at unorthodox religious ideas, and exiled or punished dissenters. During

415-530: A beer and instructing staff to lie about it. Trillium owner JC Tetreault spoke to the Boston Globe admitting to making "a mistake" and did not deny any of the claims, confirming many of them. On November 26, 2018, the owners of Trillium posted a statement on their website saying retail employees will have their hourly wages restored for longtime workers whose pay had been cut. The company also apologized to employees, customers, and friends. The Boston Globe reported

498-564: A brewery production facility. Trillium quickly made their way to the RateBeer "Best Brewers in the World" Top 100 chart, beginning in 2014. From 2016 to 2019 RateBeer has consistently listed Trillium as the 3rd best brewery in the world, named them the best brewery in Massachusetts in 2019, and the 4th best in the world in 2020. In 2016, RateBeer also included six Trillium beers in their top 15 beers in

581-502: A church in downtown Boston. Throughout the 19th century, Boston became a haven for Irish Catholic immigrants, especially following the Great Famine of the late 1840s. Their arrival transformed Boston from a singular, Anglo-Saxon, Protestant city to one that has progressively become more diverse. The Yankees hired Irish as workers and servants, but there was little social interaction. In the 1850s, an anti-Catholic, anti-immigrant movement

664-537: A full farm-to-table style menu. In October 2019, Trillium opened the doors to their Fenway taproom and beer garden located at 401 Park Drive, only a short walk from Fenway Park. In July 2021, Trillium relocated their Canton taproom location from 110 Shawmut Rd to their expansive new home at 100 Royall St, overlooking the Blue Hills Reservation, and allowing for a higher volume and more immersive customer experience. 110 Shawmut Rd location continues to operate as

747-607: A major role in the American Revolution , including the American Revolutionary War . On March 5, 1770, nine soldiers of the 29th Regiment of Foot opened fire at a crowd of Bostonians which was verbally and physically harassing them; five people were killed in what came to be known as the Boston Massacre , dramatically escalating tensions. The British Parliament, meanwhile, continued to insist on its right to tax

830-557: A minority. Emerging Irish, Jewish, and Italian cultures made little to no impact on the elite. To please a different audience, the first vaudeville theater opened on February 28, 1883, in Boston. The last one, the Old Howard in Scollay Square , which had evolved from opera to vaudeville to burlesque, closed in 1953. The public Boston Museum of Natural History (founded in 1830 and renamed

913-584: A nationwide railroad. During and before the Civil War Boston was the launching pad and funding base for many of the country's anti-slavery activities . In the 19th century city politics and society became dominated by a financial elite known as the Boston Brahmins . This entrenched power base squared off against the political challenge of more recent Catholic immigrants for the rest of the 19th century. Wealthy Irish Catholic political dynasties, typified by

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996-482: A redevelopment project on Fort Hill in attempt to add more land for business facilities. The project called for the Hill to be leveled, for the streets to be widened, and for all buildings to be razed. Today the land is flat and largely occupied by the towers of International Place . Landfill has also extended the shoreline outward, so the location of the old fort is no longer directly on the waterfront . The boundaries of

1079-541: The Antinomian Controversy of 1636 to 1638 religious dissident leader Anne Hutchinson and Puritan clergyman John Wheelwright were both banished from the colony. Baptist minister Obadiah Holmes was imprisoned and publicly whipped in 1651 because of his religion and Henry Dunster , the first president of Harvard College during the 1640s–50s, was persecuted for espousing Baptist beliefs. By 1679, Boston Baptists were bold enough to open their own meetinghouse, which

1162-529: The Boston Celtics ; in the dominant Irish-American political family, the Kennedys ; in a large number of prominent local politicians, such as James Michael Curley ; in the establishment of Catholic Boston College as a rival to Harvard ; and in underworld figures such as James "Whitey" Bulger . The Great Boston Fire of 1872 started at the corner of Summer Street and Kingston Street on November 9. In two days

1245-583: The Caribbean and refining it into rum and molasses , partly for export to Europe. Later, confectionery manufacturing would become another refined product made from similar raw materials. Related companies with facilities in Boston included the Boston Sugar Refinery (inventors of granulated sugar ), Domino Sugar , the Purity Distilling Company , Necco , Schrafft's , Squirrel Brands (as

1328-715: The Dominion of New England , was governed by Sir Edmund Andros , an appointee of King James II . Andros, who supported the Church of England in a largely Puritan city, grew increasingly unpopular. On April 18, 1689, he was overthrown due to a brief revolt . The Dominion was not reestablished. Boston's first circulating library was established in 1756 which included 1,200 volumes of books. During this period, many wealthy persons amassed large libraries and loaned books within their social circles. A particularly virulent sequence of six smallpox outbreaks took place from 1636 to 1698. In 1721–1722,

1411-743: The Episcopalian Blaxton did not get along with the Puritan leaders of the Boston church, which rapidly became radically fundamentalist in its outlook as it began executing religious dissidents such as Quakers . In 1635 Blaxton moved about 35 miles (56 km) south of Boston to what the Indians then called the Pawtucket River and is today known as the Blackstone River in Cumberland, Rhode Island . He

1494-660: The India Pale Ale (IPA) category, one beer in the Double IPA category, six beers in the American Amber/Pale category and one beer in the Wheat category. Trillium has continued to claim numerous other beer category awards annually ever since. In 2014, Trillium failed to renew their state brewers license, resulting in a nearly month-long closure. Trillium claimed to have submitted an application for renewal in 2013, however no license

1577-512: The John Joseph Moakley United States Courthouse /Fan Pier connecting to Rowes Wharf and Logan International Airport . With the rapid growth of Fort Point, private shuttles have supplemented public transportation to the neighborhood. The Southie Shuttle, Cultural Connector and Channel Center Shuttle are some of the private transportation services. In 2013, plans were announced that diesel rail service would connect

1660-505: The Kennedy Family , assumed political control of the city by 1900. This control has been substantially maintained for more than a century, however this power has swayed as Boston continues to become more diverse. The industrial base of the region, financed by Boston capital, reached its zenith around 1950. The city went into decline after the middle of the 20th century when thousands of textile mills and other factories were closed down as

1743-460: The North End , resulting in approximately 8 to 14 deaths. In the 1860 presidential election , Abraham Lincoln received only 9,727 votes out of 20,371 cast in Boston (or 48 percent) while receiving 63 percent of the vote statewide , and Boston Irish Catholics mostly voted against Lincoln. Even to the present day, Boston still commands the largest percentage of Irish-descended people of any city in

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1826-475: The "same strain of hysteria." Four thousand British Army troops arrived in Boston in October 1768 as a massive show of force; tensions escalated. By the late 1760s, Patriot colonists focused on the rights of Englishmen that they claimed to hold, especially the principle of " no taxation without representation " as articulated by John Rowe , James Otis Sr. , Samuel Adams and other Boston firebrands. Boston played

1909-590: The American Revolution, and the British naval blockade that shut down its economy, had caused a majority of the population to flee the city. From a base of 10,000 in 1780, the population approached 25,000 by 1800. The abolition of slavery in the state in 1783 gave blacks greater physical mobility, but their social mobility was slow. Boston was part of the New England corner of triangular trade , receiving sugar from

1992-602: The Blaxton transactions encouraged the creation of a backdated deed (known in English common law as a " quitclaim ") which Josias duly signed on March 19, 1684 (see document at right, and its transcription). The charter was revoked as promised later that year on the advice of colonial administrator Edward Randolph . Early colonists believed that Boston was a community with a special covenant with God, as captured in Winthrop's " City upon

2075-571: The Boston cityscape. It received its current name from the signal beacon erected on its highest peak to warn outlying towns of danger. In 1684, fearing that the rumored revocation of the Massachusetts Bay Colony 's Charter by King Charles II would come to pass, Boston city fathers sought to buttress their fifty year old claim to the land of the Shawmut Peninsula. To this end in early 1684 they attempted to secure legal ownership of

2158-724: The Britain's North American colonies and finally came up with a small tax on tea. Up and down the Thirteen Colonies, American colonists prevented merchants from selling the tea, but a shipment arrived in Boston Harbor. On December 16, 1773, members of the Sons of Liberty , disguised as Native Americans, dumped 342 chests of tea in the harbor in the Boston Tea Party . The Sons of Liberty decided to take action to defy Britain's new tax on tea, but

2241-527: The British government retaliated with a series of punitive laws, closing down the Port of Boston and stripping Massachusetts of its self-government. The other colonies rallied in solidarity behind Massachusetts, setting up the First Continental Congress , while arming and training militia units. The British sent more troops to Boston, and made its commander General Thomas Gage the governor. Gage believed

2324-523: The English city ultimately derives from that town's patron saint, St. Botolph , in whose church John Cotton served as the rector until his emigration with Johnson. In early sources the Lincolnshire Boston was known as "St. Botolph's town", later contracted to "Boston". Prior to this renaming the settlement on the peninsula had been known as "Shawmut" by Blaxton and "Trimountaine" by the Puritan settlers he had invited. The Puritans settled around

2407-1014: The Fort Point District was petitioned as a Landmark District with the Boston Landmarks Commission. In 2007, a Mayoral-appointed Study Committee began drafting District guidelines. In December 2008, Mayor Menino and the Boston Landmarks Commission voted in favor of the guidelines which were officially approved on January 28, 2009 by the Boston City Council. Fort Point is served by the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority via Broadway station and South Station as well as bus routes #7, #9, #11 and #47. The Silver Line (MBTA) bus rapid transit (BRT) system serves parts of Fort Point. Several water taxi companies serve Fort Point locations along Fort Point Channel such as Atlantic Wharf, Children's Wharf and

2490-645: The New England Museum of Natural History in 1864, and the Boston Museum of Science in the mid-twentieth century), was run by the Boston Society of Natural History. It served the function of public and professional education in natural history, including ocean life, geology and mineralogy. Around the end of the 19th century a scientific library and children's rooms were added. In addition, the private Warren Museum of Natural History at Boston operated 1858–1906. It

2573-558: The Patriots were hiding munitions in the town of Concord, and he sent troops to capture them. Paul Revere , William Dawes , and Dr. Samuel Prescott made their famous midnight rides to alert the Minutemen in the surrounding towns, who fought the resulting Battle of Lexington and Concord in April 1775. It was the first battle of the American Revolution. Militia units across New England rallied to

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2656-470: The Puritans in 1634 for £30 ($ 5,455 in adjusted USD). Governor Winthrop , Johnson's successor as leader of the settlement, purchased the land through a one-time tax on Boston residents of 6 shillings (around $ 50 adjusted) per head. This land became a town commons open to public grazing. It now forms the bulk of Boston Common , the largest public park in present-day downtown Boston . After Johnson's death

2739-481: The Shawmut Peninsula from the descendents of Chickatawbut (d. 1633), the Massachusett sachem at the time Blaxton first settled on the peninsula, fifty years prior. Such a descendent was located, a sachem named Josias Wampatuck. There is little evidence that this sachem, his grandfather Chickatawbut or any of their people ever inhabited the peninsula, however the lack of formal legal documents involving Indians during

2822-474: The South Boston Waterfront to Back Bay. 42°20′55″N 71°03′01″W  /  42.348506°N 71.050364°W  / 42.348506; -71.050364 History of Boston#Colonial era The written history of Boston begins with a letter drafted by the first European inhabitant of the Shawmut Peninsula , William Blaxton . This letter is dated September 7, 1630, and was addressed to

2905-459: The United States began a long deindustrialization. By the early 21st century the city's economy recovered, moving from an industrial base to one centered on education, medicine, and high technology, especially biotechnology startups . The many towns surrounding Boston became residential suburbs that now house the city's large population of white collar workers . Prior to European colonization

2988-613: The United States, and established Boston as the center of the abolitionist movement. While living in Boston, David Walker published An Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World. After the passing of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, Boston became a bastion of abolitionist thought. Attempts by slave-catchers to arrest fugitive slaves often proved futile, which included the notable case of Anthony Burns and Kevin McLaughlin. After

3071-505: The United States. With an expanding population, group loyalty, and block by block political organization, the Irish took political control of the city, leaving the Yankees in charge of finance, business and higher education. The Irish left their mark on the region in a number of ways: in still heavily Irish neighborhoods such as Charlestown and South Boston ; in the name of the local basketball team,

3154-668: The Worcester Turnpike (now Massachusetts Route 9 ), was constructed in 1810. Others included the Newburyport Turnpike (now Route 1) and the Salem Lawrence Turnpike (now Route 114). Boston's "Brahmin elite" developed a particular semi-aristocratic value system by the 1840s—cultivated, urbane, and dignified, the ideal Brahmin was the very essence of enlightened aristocracy. He was not only wealthy, but displayed suitable personal virtues and character traits. The term

3237-421: The advertised springs on the north side of what is now Beacon Hill (at the time called "Trimountaine" from its three peaks). Blaxton negotiated a grant of 50 acres (20 ha) for himself in the final paperwork with Johnson, amounting to around 10% of the peninsula's total area. However, by 1633 the new town's 4,000 citizens made retention of such a large parcel untenable and Blaxton sold all but six acres back to

3320-460: The arrival of Europeans. Nevertheless, archeological excavations have revealed one of the oldest fish weirs in New England on Boylston Street. Native people constructed this weir to trap fish as early as 7,000 years before European arrival in the Western Hemisphere . The Shawmut Peninsula was originally connected with the mainland to its south by a narrow isthmus , Boston Neck , and

3403-647: The channel and west of the Boston Convention and Exhibition Center and the Boston World Trade Center . (Further south is South Boston proper.) The Boston Redevelopment Authority defines the Fort Point District within the neighborhood of South Boston as "an area of approximately 100 acres (0.40 km ) defined by the Fort Point Channel to the west, Summer Street to the north, the Bypass Road to

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3486-466: The city in 1865. The first medical school for women, The Boston Female Medical School (which later merged with the Boston University School of Medicine), opened in Boston on November 1, 1848. The Jesuits opened Boston College in 1863; Emerson College opened in 1880, and Simmons College for women in 1899. The Brahmins were the foremost authors and audiences of high culture, despite being

3569-703: The city thus: "And here's to good old Boston / The land of the bean and the cod / Where Lowells talk only to Cabots / and Cabots talk only to God." While wealthy colonial families like the Lowells and Cabots (often called the Boston Brahmins ) ruled the city, the 1840s brought waves of new immigrants from Europe. These included large numbers of Irish and Italians , giving the city a large Roman Catholic population. In 1831, William Lloyd Garrison founded The Liberator , an abolitionist newsletter, in Boston. It advocated "immediate and complete emancipation of all slaves" in

3652-490: The colonists but one that inflicted great damage on British forces. The colonists later won the Siege of Boston , forcing the British to evacuate the city on March 17, 1776. However, the combination of American and British blockades of the town and its port during the conflict seriously damaged the economy, leading to the exodus of two-thirds of its population in the 1770s. The city recovered after 1800 and re-established its role as

3735-491: The company's retail workforce will be paid $ 15 to $ 18 an hour, and still have the ability to earn tips from customers purchasing beer. In July 2020, cans from a batch of Trillium's Daily Serving—a line of fruited Berliner Weisse beers—began to explode in customers' homes. This isolated incident was caused by trace amounts of active yeast continuing fermentation in the cans when stored in warm temperatures, therefore, resulting in excess buildup of CO 2 . Trillium’s initial response

3818-974: The conflagration destroyed about 65 acres (260,000 m ) of the city, including 776 buildings in the financial district , totaling $ 60 million in damage. From the mid-to-late-19th century, the Boston Brahmins flourished culturally—they became renowned for its rarefied literary culture and lavish artistic patronage. Literary residents included, among many others, writers Nathaniel Hawthorne , Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. , James Russell Lowell , and Julia Ward Howe , as well as historians John Lothrop Motley , John Gorham Palfrey , George Bancroft , William Hickling Prescott , Francis Parkman , Henry Adams , James Ford Rhodes , Edward Channing and Samuel Eliot Morison . Also there were theologians and philosophers such as William Ellery Channing , Ralph Waldo Emerson and Mary Baker Eddy . When Bret Harte visited Howells, he remarked that in Boston "it

3901-576: The course of September 1630. One of Johnson's last official acts as the leader of the Charlestown community before dying on September 30, 1630, was to name the new settlement across the river "Boston." He named the settlement after his hometown in Lincolnshire, from which he, his wife (namesake of the Arbella ) and John Cotton (grandfather of Cotton Mather ) had emigrated to New England . The name of

3984-570: The defense of Boston, and Congress sent in General George Washington to take command. The British were trapped in the city , and suffered very heavy losses in their victory at the Battle of Bunker Hill . Washington brought in artillery and forced the British out as the patriots took full control of Boston. The American victory on March 17, 1776, is celebrated as Evacuation Day . The city has preserved and celebrated its revolutionary past, from

4067-411: The east side of the channel, could be said to overlap with the Financial District . The Fort Point neighborhood was featured in Martin Scorsese's 2006 film The Departed . An alley between Thompson Place and Farnsworth Street provided the setting for the fictional address "344 Wash." The dramatic views of downtown Boston from the rooftops of Fort Point were prominently featured in the film. In 2001,

4150-426: The east, and West 2nd Street to the south." The Summer Street Bridge, which crosses the channel, has a sign which welcomes eastbound travelers to South Boston, and westbound travelers to Fort Point. The United States Postal Service Bulk Mail Center at Fort Point Station is located between the channel and South Station . To the northwest is Chinatown . The northeastern section of the Fort Point neighborhood, on

4233-466: The failed Ferdinando Gorges expedition to America in 1623, which never landed. He eventually arrived later in 1623, as a chaplain to the subsequent expedition of Ferdinando's son, Robert Gorges , aboard the ship Katherine . This expedition landed in Weymouth, Massachusetts , five miles south of what is now Boston . By 1625 the colony at Weymouth had failed and all of his fellow travelers returned to England. Blaxton remained, moving five miles north to

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4316-426: The harboring of the USS  Constitution to the many famous sites along the Freedom Trail . Boston was transformed from a relatively small and economically stagnant town in 1780 to a bustling seaport and cosmopolitan center with a large and highly mobile population by 1800. It had become one of the world's wealthiest international trading ports, exporting products like rum, fish, salt and tobacco. The upheaval of

4399-420: The leader of the Puritan settlement of Charlestown , Isaac Johnson . The letter acknowledged the difficulty in finding potable water on that side of Back Bay . As a remedy, Blaxton advertised an excellent spring at the foot of what is now Beacon Hill and invited the Puritans to settle with him on Shawmut. Boston was named and officially incorporated on September 30, 1630 ( Old Style ). The city quickly became

4482-510: The local economy. A network of small rivers bordering the city and connecting it to the surrounding region made for easy shipment of goods and allowed for a proliferation of mills and factories. The building of the Middlesex Canal extended this small river network to the larger Merrimack River and its mills, including the Lowell mills and mills on the Nashua River in New Hampshire . By the 1850s, an even denser network of railroads ( see also List of railroad lines in Massachusetts ) facilitated

4565-409: The meanders of the Charles and summer communities on the coast. Game was most easily hunted inland during bare-tree seasons while the fishing shoals and shellfish beds on the tidal flats of Boston harbor were more comfortably exploited during the summer months. Being surrounded by mudflats and salt marshes , the Shawmut Peninsula itself was more sparsely occupied than its surroundings before

4648-441: The modern neighborhood of Fort Point are somewhat ill-defined. At its broadest extent, it includes the land a few blocks on either side of the Fort Point Channel (which due to landfill is considerably smaller than it was in colonial times). The Fort Point artists' community is located on the opposite side of the channel. This is also called the South Boston Waterfront . Real estate listings include "Fort Point" locations east of

4731-399: The most severe epidemic occurred, killing 844 people. Out of a population of 10,500, 5889 caught the disease, 844 (14%) died, and at least 900 fled the city, thereby spreading the virus. Colonists tried to prevent the spread of smallpox by isolation. For the first time in America, inoculation was tried; it causes a mild form of the disease. Inoculation was itself very controversial because of

4814-519: The opposition voices that were growing louder and louder in town meetings and pamphlets. Historian Pauline Maier says that his letters to London greatly influenced officials there, but they "distorted" reality. "His misguided conviction that the 'faction' had espoused violence as its primary method of opposition, for example, kept him from recognizing the radicals' peace-keeping efforts.... Equally dangerous, Bernard's elaborate accounts were sometimes built on insubstantial evidence." Warden argues that Bernard

4897-533: The passage of the Kansas–Nebraska Act in 1854, Boston also became the hub of efforts to send anti-slavery New Englanders to settle in Kansas Territory through the Massachusetts Emigrant Aid Company . The earliest Irish settlers began arriving in the early 18th century. Initially, they were indentured servants who came to work in Boston and New England for five to seven years, before gaining their independence. They were mainly individuals and families, and they were forced to hide their religious roots since Catholicism

4980-458: The political, commercial, financial, religious and educational center of Puritan New England and grew to play a central role in the history of the United States. When harsh British retaliation for the Boston Tea Party resulted in further violence by the colonists, the American Revolution erupted in Boston . Colonists besieged the British in the city, fighting a famous battle at Breed's Hill in Charlestown on June 17, 1775—a battle lost by

5063-431: The predecessor Austin T. Merrill Company of Roxbury ) American Nut and Chocolate (1927) This legacy continued into the 20th century; by 1950, there were 140 candy companies in Boston. (Others were located in and some moved to nearby Cambridge .) The Boston Fruit Company began importing tropical fruit from the Caribbean in 1885; it is a predecessor of United Fruit Company and Chiquita Brands International . Boston had

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5146-410: The region around modern-day Boston was inhabited by the Indigenous Massachusett people . Their habitation consisted of small, seasonal communities along what is now the Charles River . The river was accurately named Quinobequin in the Algonquin language of the Massachusett, and they knew it as "the meandering one". The people who lived in the area most likely moved between inland winter homes along

5229-405: The region's industry and commerce. For example, in 1851, Eben Jordan and Benjamin L. Marsh opened the Jordan Marsh Department store in downtown Boston. Thirty years later William Filene opened his own department store across the street, called Filene's . Several turnpikes were constructed between cities to aid transportation, especially of cattle and sheep to markets. A major east–west route,

5312-410: The same, 2,500 square-foot on Congress Street, the brewery quickly outgrew its original home. In December 2015, Trillium opened a second facility in at 110 Shawmut Road in Canton, Massachusetts . The 16,000 square-foot space allowed for the brewery to install a 30bbl brewhouse, increase production dramatically, and pour their beers direct-to-guest for the first time in the young company's history. In

5395-506: The status of a town; it was chartered as a city in 1822. The second mayor was Josiah Quincy III , who undertook infrastructure improvements in roads and sewers, and organized the city's dock area around the newly erected Faneuil Hall Marketplace, popularly known as Quincy Market. By the mid-19th century Boston was one of the largest manufacturing centers in the nation, noted for its garment production, leather goods, and machinery industries. Manufacturing overtook international trade to dominate

5478-416: The summer of 2017, Trillium opened up their seasonally-operating Beer Garden on The Greenway. This space is located alongside Atlantic Avenue on the Rose Kennedy Greenway in partnership with the Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy Greenway Conservancy, and offers draft pours and rotating food truck vendors. In October 2018, Trillium opened a 3-story restaurant and brewery in Fort Point, complete with patio, roof deck, and

5561-504: The threat that the procedure itself could be fatal to 2% of those who were treated, or otherwise spread the disease. It was introduced by Zabdiel Boylston and Cotton Mather . In 1755, Boston endured the largest earthquake ever to hit the Northeastern United States, (estimated at 6.0 to 6.3 on the Richter magnitude scale ), called the Cape Ann earthquake . There was some damage to buildings, but no deaths. The first " Great Fire " of Boston destroyed 349 buildings on March 20, 1760. It

5644-759: The throne, the English government considered the Boston mint to be treasonous. However, the mint continued operations until 1682. The coinage was a contributing factor to the revocation of the Massachusetts Bay Colony charter in 1684. The Boston Post Road connected the city to New York and the major settlements in Central and Western Massachusetts. The lower route ran near present-day U.S. 1 via Providence, Rhode Island . The upper route, laid out in 1673, left via Boston Neck and followed present-day U.S. Route 20 until around Shrewsbury, Massachusetts . It continued through Worcester , Springfield , and New Haven, Connecticut . From 1686 until 1689, Massachusetts and surrounding colonies were united. This larger province, known as

5727-399: The transportation hub for New England with a network of railroads. Beyond a renewed economic success the re-invigorated Boston became the intellectual, educational and medical center of the nation. Along with New York, Boston became the financial center of the United States in the 19th century, and the large amount of capital available for investment there was crucial in funding the expansion of

5810-446: Was acquired by the American Museum of Natural History in New York City in 1906. As the population increased rapidly, Boston-area streetcar lines facilitated the creation of a profusion of streetcar suburbs . Middle-class businessmen, office workers and professionals lived in the suburbs and commuted into the city by subway. Downtown congestion worsened, prompting the opening of the first subway in North America on September 1, 1897,

5893-510: Was banned in the Bay Colony. Then in 1718, congregations of Presbyterians from Ulster in the north of Ireland began arriving in Boston Harbor. They were referred to as Ulster Irish but later were referred to as Scots-Irish because many of them had roots in Scotland. The Puritan leaders initially sent the Ulster Irish to the fringes of the Bay Colony, where they settled places like Belfast, Maine, Londonderry and Derry, New Hampshire, and Worcester, Massachusetts. But by 1729 they were permitted to set up

5976-573: Was buttressed by the strong extended family ties present in Boston society. Young men attended the same prep schools and colleges, and had their own way of talking . Heirs married heiresses. Family not only served as an economic asset, but also as a means of moral restraint. Most belonged to the Unitarian or Episcopal churches, although some were Congregationalists or Methodists. Politically, they were successively Federalists, Whigs, and Republicans. A poem about Boston, attributed to various people, describes

6059-442: Was careful not to explicitly ask London for troops, but his exaggerated accounts strongly suggested they were needed. In the fall of 1767 he warned about a possible insurrection in Boston any day, and his exaggerated report of one disturbance in 1768, "certainly had given Lord Hillsboro the impression that troops were the only way to enforce obedience in the town." Warden notes that other key British officials in Boston wrote London with

6142-508: Was coined in 1861 by Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. The Brahmin had high expectations to meet: to cultivate the arts, support charities such as hospitals and colleges, and assume the role of community leader. Although the ideal called on him to transcend commonplace business values, in practice many found the thrill of economic success quite attractive. The Brahmins warned each other against "avarice" and insisted upon "personal responsibility." Scandal and divorce were unacceptable. The total system

6225-629: Was directed against the Irish, called the Know Nothing Party. But in the 1860s, many Irish immigrants joined the Union ranks to fight in the American Civil War, and that display of patriotism and valor began to soften the harsh sentiments of Yankees about the Irish. Nonetheless, as in New York City , on July 14, 1863, a draft riot attempting to raid Union armories broke out among Irish Catholics in

6308-542: Was impossible to fire a revolver without bringing down the author of a two-volume work." Boston had many great publishers and magazines, such as The Atlantic Monthly (founded 1857) and the publishers Little, Brown and Company , Houghton Mifflin , and Harvard University Press . Higher education became increasingly important, principally at Harvard (based across the river in Cambridge), but also at other institutions. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) opened in

6391-446: Was issued and the state sent numerous notices to the company without response. Trillium continued to operate illegally for a brief period of time in before being closed by the state at the end of November 2014. In late 2018, a number of former Trillium employees posted messages on BeerAdvocate .com accusing the ownership of cutting wages, serving sub par product to customers, paying retail staff server wages and illegally using tequila in

6474-545: Was one of many significant fires fought by the Boston Fire Department . Boston had taken an active role in the protests against the Stamp Act of 1765. Its merchants avoided the customs duties which angered London officials and led to a crackdown on smuggling. Governor Thomas Pownall (1757 to 1760) tried to be conciliatory, but his replacement Governor Francis Bernard 1760–1769) was a hard-liner who wanted to stamp out

6557-612: Was promptly closed by colonial authorities. Expansion and innovation in practice and worship characterized the early Baptists despite the restrictions on their religious liberty. On June 1, 1660, Mary Dyer was hanged on Boston Common for repeatedly defying a law banning Quakers from being in the colony. In 1652 during the Commonwealth of England , the Massachusetts General Court authorized Boston silversmith John Hull to produce coinage. In 1661 after Charles II came to

6640-405: Was retained for the hill and in later years Trimountaine would be shortened to Tremont, for which Tremont Street was named. The three peaks of Trimountaine were, Over the next two centuries the three hills would be regraded and the geography of the area transformed through landfill and annexation. Beacon Hill or Trimountaine, though shortened between 1807 and 1824, remains a prominent feature of

6723-474: Was surrounded by Boston Harbor and Back Bay , an estuary of the Charles River . This neck of land was surrounded by infill beginning in 1803 and expanded to dozens of times its original width by the turn of the 20th century. The first European to live in what would become Boston was William Blaxton . He was directly responsible for the foundation of Boston by Puritan colonizers in 1630. Blaxton had joined

6806-509: Was that region's first European settler, arriving one year before Roger Williams established Providence Plantations . The peninsula on which the Puritans settled was rocky scrubland with few trees. It held three major hills: Copps Hill (now the North End ), Fort Hill (later the Financial District ), and Trimountaine ( Beacon Hill ). Trimountaine was the tallest of the three, with its name coming from its three separate peaks. The name

6889-479: Was to deny refunds and pointed blame for the exploding cans toward improper storage by the customers. After a damning article in Paste Magazine, Trillium issued a warning announcement and began to offer refunds. Paste Magazine’s article was later revised after receiving official statement from the brewery. Fort Point, Boston Fort Point is a neighborhood or district of Boston, Massachusetts , and where

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