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Toronto Entertainment District

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108-507: The Toronto Entertainment District is an area in downtown Toronto , Ontario , Canada. It is concentrated around King Street West between University Avenue and Spadina Avenue . It is home to theatres and performing arts centres, the Toronto Blue Jays , and an array of cultural and family attractions. The area was also home to most of the nightclubs in downtown Toronto. They have mostly moved to King St west of Spadina Av just beside

216-725: A meat thermometer . Beef can be cooked using the sous-vide method, which cooks the entire steak to the same temperature, but when cooked using a method such as broiling or roasting it is typically cooked such that it has a "bulls eye" of doneness, with the least done (coolest) at the center and the most done (warmest) at the outside. Meat can be cooked in boiling oil, typically by shallow frying , although deep frying may be used, often for meat enrobed with breadcrumbs as in milanesas or finger steaks . Larger pieces such as steaks may be cooked this way, or meat may be cut smaller as in stir frying , typically an Asian way of cooking: cooking oil with flavorings such as garlic, ginger and onions

324-466: A suit jacket and tie and insisting on it long after other dining establishments had eliminated the tradition. Nevertheless, despite its lack of culinary ambition, the establishment would go on to become one of the most famous restaurants in Toronto, running for 37 years—serving its last meal in late 1999 and closing in 2000. The business synergy and integration between Royal Alex Theatre and Ed's Warehouse

432-605: A blend of alternative rock , UK pop , disco, and psychedelia . In May 1985, the Beastie Boys , in town as the opening act on Madonna 's The Virgin Tour , were booked for an after-show party at the Zone courtesy of Jonathan Gross, a writer for Rolling Stone and music critic for the Toronto Sun , who also handled some of the booking for the club. According to Gross, they got paid $ 1,500 and

540-506: A case of Molson 's for the club gig. Their chaotic appearance became part of the Twilight Zone's lore as the trio began essentially vandalizing the club's interior by spray painting its walls, however, instead of stopping them, owner Michael Assoon urged them to resume and their graffiti was kept as a badge of honour of sorts for the remainder of the club's run. Furthermore, the day before their scheduled paid appearance, they also showed up at

648-525: A dark red, almost purple, colour. It is lean, has a sweet, musty smell and is tender. It originated in Valtellina , a valley in the Alps of northern Italy's Lombardy region. Bündnerfleisch is a similar product from neighbouring Switzerland. Chipped beef is an American industrially produced air-dried beef product, described by one of its manufacturers as being "similar to bresaola, but not as tasty." Beef jerky

756-406: A heated pot of water or stock with vegetables. In fondue bourguignonne, diners dip small pieces of beef into a pot of hot oil at the table. Both techniques typically feature accompanying flavorful sauces to complement the meat. Steak tartare is a French dish made from finely chopped or ground (minced) raw meat (often beef). More accurately, it is scraped so as not to let even the slightest of

864-489: A kilogram of beef cattle live weight may require between 4 and 5 kilograms of feed high in protein and metabolizable energy content, or more than 20 kilograms of feed of much lower quality. A simple exchange of beef to soy beans (a common feed source for cattle) in Americans' diets would, according to one estimate, result in meeting between 46 and 74 percent of the reductions needed to meet the 2020 greenhouse gas emission goals of

972-509: A long list of visiting athletes, musicians, and entertainers to Inside throughout early-to-mid-2000s, such as Jason Kidd , Antawn Jamison , Barry Bonds , Prince , Nelly Furtado , NSYNC , Kanye West , Paris Hilton , Chris Rock , Jessica Alba , Elisha Cuthbert , etc. Even with Carter getting traded from the Raptors in late 2004, the club continued to thrive as a partnership between him and Agresti, expanding and opening additional lounges within

1080-586: A period after. There are various other recipes for pickled beef. Sauerbraten is a German variant. Beef is the third most widely consumed meat in the world, accounting for about 25% of meat production worldwide, after pork and poultry at 38% and 30% respectively. Beef is a source of complete protein and it is a rich source (20% or more of the Daily Value , DV) of niacin , vitamin B12 , iron and zinc , but also contains high amounts of saturated fat . Red meat

1188-505: A practice of bringing international DJs, mostly from New York City and Chicago, such as David Morales , Johnny Dynell , Frankie Knuckles , David DePino , and Kenny Carpenter. Many of these early bookings were done through Judy Weinstein , New York based businesswoman and Morales' manager, who ran her own record pool that the Assoons were able to access for DJ bookings as well as vinyl material. In addition to attracting diverse general crowds,

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1296-406: A result has been undergoing Manhattanization with the construction of new office towers, hotels and condos. As of 2016, the population of downtown Toronto was 237,698 people with 503,575 jobs located within the area. The population density was 143 people per hectare, and the job density was 303 jobs per hectare. The Royal Conservatory of Music is a non-profit music education institution that

1404-601: A roadmap to gradually lift the restrictions on the feed ban. In 2013, the ban on feeding mammal-based products to cattle, was amended to allow for certain milk, fish, eggs, and plant-fed farm animal products to be used. Most Indic religions reject the killing and eating of cows. Hinduism prohibits cow beef known as Go-Maans in Hindi . Bovines have a sacred status in India especially the cow, due to their provision of sustenance for families. Bovines are generally considered to be integral to

1512-513: A significant role in biodiversity loss . Around 25% to nearly 40% of global land surface is being used for livestock farming, which is mostly cattle. Some kinds of beef may receive special certifications or designations based on criteria including their breed ( Certified Angus Beef , Certified Hereford Beef ), origin ( Kobe beef , Carne de Ávila , Belgian Blue ), or the way the cattle are treated, fed or slaughtered ( organic , grass-fed , Kosher , or Halal beef ). Some countries regulate

1620-506: A similar Lebanese and Syrian dish. And in Ethiopia, a ground raw meat dish called tire siga or kitfo is eaten (upon availability). Carpaccio of beef is a thin slice of raw beef dressed with olive oil, lemon juice and seasoning. Often, the beef is partially frozen before slicing to allow very thin slices to be cut. Yukhoe is a variety of hoe , raw dishes in Korean cuisine which

1728-581: A sizable bank loan the Assoons took out by putting their father's house as collateral , its thumping bass could be heard miles away, flooding the deserted neighborhood with noise. Operating without a liquor licence , thus not serving any alcohol throughout its run, the afterhours club initially made a name via its Saturday night parties that went until the Sunday morning dawn featuring owners Tony and Albert Assoon spinning underground disco, funk , and freestyle tunes. Furthermore on Saturday nights, they introduced

1836-404: A torch before moist cooking (though sometimes after). Thermostatically controlled methods, such as sous-vide, can also prevent overcooking by bringing the meat to the exact degree of doneness desired, and holding it at that temperature indefinitely. The combination of precise temperature control and long cooking duration makes it possible to be assured that pasteurization has been achieved, both on

1944-524: A variety of methods, including feedlots , free range , ranching , backgrounding and intensive animal farming . Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs), commonly referred to as factory farms, are commonly used to meet the demand of beef production. CAFOs supply 70.4% of cows in the US market and 99% of all meat in the United States supply. Cattle CAFOs can also be a source of E. coli contamination in

2052-637: Is St. Lawrence Hall, St. James' Cathedral , St. Michael's Cathedral , St. Paul's Basilica , the Enoch Turner School House, the Bank of Upper Canada, Le Royal Meridien King Edward Hotel, and the Gooderham Building . On Saturday there is a farmers' market. Other historical districts in downtown Toronto include Cabbagetown , Corktown , the Distillery District , and Old Town . To the west of

2160-654: Is adjacent to the downtown area, and the much larger Toronto Pearson International Airport located 27 km to the northwest. 43°39′9.01″N 79°23′0.81″W  /  43.6525028°N 79.3835583°W  / 43.6525028; -79.3835583 Beef Beef is the culinary name for meat from cattle ( Bos taurus ). Beef can be prepared in various ways; cuts are often used for steak , which can be cooked to varying degrees of doneness , while trimmings are often ground or minced , as found in most hamburgers . Beef contains protein , iron , and vitamin B12 . Along with other kinds of red meat , high consumption

2268-461: Is also important to the economies of Japan, Argentina, Uruguay, Canada, Paraguay, Mexico, Belarus and Nicaragua. As per 2020, Brazil was the largest beef exporter in the world followed by Australia, United States, India (Includes Carabeef only) and Argentina. Brazil, Australia, the United States and India accounted for roughly 61% of the world's beef exports. The world produced 60.57 million metric tons of beef in 2020, down 950K metric tons from

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2376-704: Is an arts school whose main building is located in Grange Park. The Université de l'Ontario français is a French-language postsecondary institution situated in East Bayfront. Toronto Metropolitan University and the University of Toronto are research universities , with the former located in the Garden District and the latter's St. George campus situated in the Discovery District. Apart from its St. George campus,

2484-434: Is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer and coronary heart disease , especially when processed . Beef has a high environmental impact , being a primary driver of deforestation with the highest greenhouse gas emissions of any agricultural product. In prehistoric times, humankind hunted aurochs and later domesticated them. Since that time, numerous breeds of cattle have been bred specifically for

2592-411: Is called veal . Beef from steers and heifers is similar. Beef is first divided into primal cuts , large pieces of the animal initially separated by butchering. These are basic sections from which steaks and other subdivisions are cut. The term "primal cut" is quite different from "prime cut", used to characterize cuts considered to be of higher quality. Since the animal's legs and neck muscles do

2700-577: Is dried, salted, smoked beef popular in the United States. Biltong is a cured, salted, air dried beef popular in South Africa. Pastrami is often made from beef; raw beef is salted , then partly dried and seasoned with various herbs and spices, and smoked . Corned beef is a cut of beef cured or pickled in a seasoned brine . The corn in corned beef refers to the grains of coarse salts (known as corns) used to cure it. The term corned beef can denote different styles of brine-cured beef, depending on

2808-476: Is from the Latin word bōs , in contrast to cow which is from Middle English cou (both words have the same Indo-European root *gʷou- ). This is one example of the common English dichotomy between the words for animals (with largely Germanic origins) and their meat (with Romanic origins) that is also found in such English word-pairs as pig/pork , deer/venison , sheep/mutton , and chicken/poultry (also

2916-504: Is headquartered in downtown Toronto. Four different public school boards provide primary and secondary education for the City of Toronto, as well as the downtown area. Two Toronto-based school boards provide instruction in the English language , the secular Toronto District School Board , and the separate Toronto Catholic District School Board . The other two Toronto-based school boards,

3024-489: Is home to many furniture stores, interior design studios and contemporary casual dining options . The CF Toronto Eaton Centre , a large, multilevel enclosed shopping mall and office complex that spans several blocks and houses 330 stores, is the city's top tourist attraction with over one million visitors weekly. Other indoor shopping malls include College Park , the Tenor , Aura , Yorkville Village , Atrium on Bay , Village by

3132-488: Is just simmering , such as in stewing; higher temperatures make meat tougher by causing the proteins to contract. Since thermostatic temperature control became available, cooking at temperatures well below boiling, 52 °C (126 °F) (sous-vide) to 90 °C (194 °F) ( slow cooking ), for prolonged periods has become possible; this is just hot enough to convert the tough collagen in connective tissue into gelatin through hydrolysis , with minimal toughening. With

3240-471: Is often aged (i.e., stored refrigerated) to allow endogenous proteolytic enzymes to weaken structural and myofibrillar proteins. Wet aging is accomplished using vacuum packaging to reduce spoilage and yield loss. Dry aging involves hanging primals (usually ribs or loins) in humidity-controlled coolers. Outer surfaces dry out and can support growth of molds (and spoilage bacteria, if too humid), resulting in trim and evaporative losses. Evaporation concentrates

3348-512: Is one of the main causes of loss of some unique plant and animal species in the tropical rainforests of Central and South America as well as carbon release in the atmosphere." Beef is also the primary driver of deforestation in the Amazon , with around 80% of all converted land being used to rear cattle. 91% of Amazon land deforested since 1970 has been converted to cattle ranching. 41% of global deforestation from 2005 to 2013 has been attributed to

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3456-548: Is put in a very hot wok . Then small pieces of meat are added, followed by ingredients which cook more quickly, such as mixed vegetables. The dish is ready when the ingredients are 'just cooked'. Moist heat cooking methods include braising , pot roasting , stewing and sous-vide . These techniques are often used for cuts of beef that are tougher, as these longer, lower-temperature cooking methods have time to dissolve connecting tissue which otherwise makes meat remain tough after cooking. Meat has usually been cooked in water which

3564-519: Is the city's major intermodal transportation hub, providing access not only to local and regional public transit , but also to inter-city rail services like Via Rail . In addition to surface-level pedestrian sidewalks, much of downtown Toronto is also connected through the PATH Underground , an extensive network of underground pedestrian tunnels , skyways , and at-grade walkways. Nearby airports include Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport , which

3672-495: Is the intersection of the city's subway lines and is one of the busiest intersections in the city. At the intersection of Avenue Road and Bloor Street is the Royal Ontario Museum , the largest museum in the city, with a diverse anthropological and natural history collection. The Harbourfront area to the south was formerly an industrial and railway lands area. Since the 1970s, it has seen extensive redevelopment, including

3780-412: Is the most significant dietary source of carnitine and, like any other meat (pork, fish, veal, lamb etc.), is a source of creatine . Creatine is converted to creatinine during cooking. Consumption of red meat , and especially processed red meat , is known to increase the risk of bowel cancer and some other cancers. A 2010 meta-analysis found that processed red meat (and all processed meat )

3888-541: Is the oldest continuously operating legitimate theatre in North America. Following the death of the last individual from its original ownership group, the theatre began to be run by the trustees of the Cawthra Mulock estate (another one of the original owners). By then, the neighbourhood had almost fully transformed into an industrial district with additional manufacturing facilities appearing throughout. Structures such as

3996-732: Is the tallest building in Canada at a height of 298 metres (978 feet). The CN Tower , once the tallest free-standing structure in the world, remains the tallest such structure in the Americas, standing at 553.33 metres (1,815 ft., 5 inches). Other notable buildings include Scotia Plaza , TD Centre , Commerce Court , the Royal Bank Plaza , The Bay 's flagship store, and the Fairmont Royal York Hotel . Since 2007, urban consolidation has been centred in downtown Toronto and as

4104-463: Is usually made from raw ground beef seasoned with various spices or sauces. The beef part used for yukhoe is tender rump steak . For the seasoning, soy sauce , sugar, salt, sesame oil, green onion, and ground garlic, sesame seed, black pepper and juice of bae ( Korean pear ) are used. The beef is mostly topped with the yolk of a raw egg. Bresaola is an air-dried , salted beef that has been aged about two to three months until it becomes hard and

4212-500: The Natural Resources Defense Council found 42% of medically important antibiotic use in the U.S. was on cattle, posing concerns about the development of antibiotic resistant bacteria. In 2023 production was forecast to peak by 2035. The consumption of beef poses numerous threats to the natural environment . Of all agricultural products, beef requires some of the most land and water, and its production results in

4320-639: The Princess of Wales Theatre . The area is now the site of Roy Thomson Hall and the Canadian Broadcasting Centre . The Yorkville area, to the north, north of Bloor Street and the Mink Mile , has more than 700 designer boutiques, spas, restaurants, hotels, and world-class galleries. It is a former village in its own right (prior to 1883) and since the early 1970s has developed into an up-scale shopping district. The intersection of Bloor and Yonge Streets

4428-483: The Seneca Polytechnic . Downtown Toronto is home to the flagship department stores of The Bay , Saks Fifth Avenue and Holt Renfrew . The traditional shopping districts concentrated on Queen Street West and King Street East have seen recent growth to encompass the area surrounding Yonge–Dundas Square . The Old Town portion of the downtown, stretching from St. Lawrence Market to the Distillery District

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4536-570: The Trinidad -born and Brooklyn -raised Assoon brothers (David, Albert, Tony and Michael) together with Luis Collaco and Bromely Vassell opened The Twilight Zone , Toronto's first large dance nightclub, at 185 Richmond Street West between Simcoe and Duncan Streets. Modeled after New York City 's famous Paradise Garage club, the Twilight Zone quickly became popular with the Toronto youth, showcasing an adventurous mix of musical styles including underground disco , house , hip-hop , and techno thus giving

4644-491: The heart , the brain (although forbidden where there is a danger of bovine spongiform encephalopathy , BSE, commonly referred to as mad cow disease), the kidneys , and the tender testicles of the bull (known in the United States as calf fries , prairie oysters , or Rocky Mountain oysters ). Some intestines are cooked and eaten as is, but are more often cleaned and used as natural sausage casings. The bones are used for making beef stock . Meat from younger cows (calves)

4752-474: The manufacturing industry vacating the area increased in the 1970s, leaving behind an array of heritage warehouses and factories that began to be converted to other uses. Meanwhile from 1976, the newly-opened CN Tower brought many tourists to the neighbourhood. Still, the most notable arrival was nightclubs that began opening sporadically in the early 1980s before becoming the area's staple and most recognizable feature from early 1990s onward. In January 1980,

4860-791: The 1904-erected six-storey warehouse known as the Reid Building at 266 King Street West, immediately west of the theatre—and, in 1963, open Ed's Warehouse , a prix fixe -menu restaurant. Originally meant to recreate the atmosphere of Boston's Durgin-Park —a restaurant Mirvish reportedly enjoyed—with communal seating at long tables and sawdust floors, Mirvish ultimately decided to go in a different direction with Ed's Warehouse, loading it with cheap eccentric decor. Offering simple food and Barnum & Bailey -like ambience amid garishly set interior featuring oversized oriental vases , red-flocked wallpaper, Tiffany lamps , bronze and marble statues, stained-glass windows , and lamps with naked women on their bases,

4968-509: The 1960s. The area of St. Lawrence to the east of the financial district is one of the oldest areas of Toronto. It features heritage buildings, theatres, music, dining and many pubs. It is a community of distinct downtown neighbourhoods including the site of the original Town of York, which was Toronto's first neighbourhood, dating back to 1793. The area boasts one of the largest concentrations of 19th-century buildings in Ontario. Of particular note

5076-434: The 1970s, Toronto experienced major economic growth and surpassed Montreal to become the largest city in Canada. Many international and domestic businesses relocated to Toronto and created massive new skyscrapers downtown. All of Canada's Big Five banks constructed skyscrapers beginning in the late 1960s up until the early 1990s. Today downtown Toronto contains dozens of notable skyscrapers. The area's First Canadian Place

5184-639: The Copa in the Yorkville neighbourhood and the Diamond on Sherbourne Street that dedicated specific club nights to house. Into the mid-1980s, as the popularity of the Twilight Zone grew continuously, its offering expanded to other nights of the week. First to Fridays featuring Don Cochrane, a DJ from Scotland, playing new wave as part of a UK dance party theme and then Wednesdays, promoted as 'Pariah Wednesdays', featuring local DJs Siobhan O'Flynn and Stephen Scott who played

5292-653: The Entertainment District had only 750 residents in 1996, but this had gone up to 7,500 by 2005. The crowds, noise, and occasional crime especially associated with the clubs caused conflict with the new homeowners. The trend of the area being turned into a residential neighbourhood continued even more rapidly in the second half of the decade. Nightclubs still opened, including the CiRCA superclub launching in October 2007 on John St. between Richmond West and Adelaide West inside

5400-531: The Entertainment District. In the first half of the 20th century, the original name of the neighbourhood was the Garment District and it was almost wholly industrial. The Canadian National Railway controlled a huge amount of land along the Lake Ontario waterfront, and to the north many firms took advantage of the easy access to rail and the harbour . The most important industry was textiles and fashion, and

5508-649: The Gelber Building (built in 1912 by Jewish immigrants from the town of Berezhany within the Austro-Hungarian Empire 's poorest province of Galicia , Louis and Moses Gelber, to house their Gelber Bros Limited wool garment manufacturing business before adding a warehouse next door in 1932) and ACME Carbon and Ribbon building (built in the 1930s for the World War I veteran James Alexander Campbell's printing and publishing business), located on adjacent corners of

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5616-606: The Grange, Manulife Centre and the PATH underground city network , the largest underground shopping complex in the world. Emerging retail destinations include Mirvish Village , the Well and the renovated St. Lawrence Market North . Yonge Street , a major arterial route in the city, begins at the northern shore of the Toronto Harbour and runs through downtown, continuing north all the way to

5724-567: The RioCan Hall (formerly Festival Hall), perhaps the most ambitious club ever in Toronto due to its sheer size of 53,000 square feet and the money spent before opening. Further adding to its mystique was the fact that the man behind it was Peter Gatien , legendary former New York City nightclub czar who had owned 1980s and 1990s hotspots such as The Limelight and Tunnel before being deported back to Canada. However, CiRCA's financial implosion less than 3 years after opening only served to underscore

5832-538: The Toronto Police Museum and Discovery Centre. The Financial District , centred on the intersection of Bay Street and King Street is the centre of Canada's financial industry . It contains the Toronto Stock Exchange , which is the largest in Canada and tenth in the world by market capitalization as of 2021. The construction of skyscrapers in downtown Toronto had started to rapidly increase since

5940-457: The Twilight Zone nightclub, after a successful online petition. Downtown Toronto Downtown Toronto is the main city centre of Toronto , Ontario, Canada. Located entirely within the district of Old Toronto , it is approximately 16.6 square kilometres in area, bounded by Bloor Street to the northeast and Dupont Street to the northwest, Lake Ontario to the south, the Don Valley to

6048-456: The Twilight Zone's 1989 closure, numerous new clubs began appearing from 1990 onward, attracted by the developing nightlife scene and still relatively cheap rent. Most notable among this sudden influx of clubs were: This trend continued at such a rate that, by mid-1990s, the area became home to one of the largest concentrations of nightclubs in North America. Along with the nightclubs, many bars and restaurants opened to serve these crowds. Given

6156-646: The United States as pledged in 2009. A 2021 CSIRO trial concluded that feeding cattle a 3% diet of the seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis could reduce the methane component of their emissions by 80%. While such feed options are still experimental, even when looking at the most widely used feeds around the globe, there is high variability in efficiency. One study found that shifting compositions of current feeds, production areas, and informed land restoration could enable greenhouse gas emissions reductions of 34–85% annually (612–1,506 MtCO2e yr−1) without increasing costs to global beef production. Some scientists claim that

6264-583: The United States, due to Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) contamination: In 1984, the use of meat and bone meal in cattle feed resulted in the world's first outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE or, colloquially, mad cow disease) in the United Kingdom. Since then, other countries have had outbreaks of BSE: In 2010, the EU, through the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), proposed

6372-645: The University of Toronto also operates two satellite campuses outside the downtown core in Mississauga and Scarborough . Colleges based in downtown Toronto include George Brown College , Toronto Film School , Trebas Institute , and the Randolph College for the Performing Arts . Four other colleges that are based outside of downtown Toronto, but operate satellite branches in the downtown core include Collège Boréal , Georgian College , Humber College and

6480-414: The adequate combination of temperature and cooking time, pathogens , such as bacteria will be killed, and pasteurization can be achieved. Because browning ( Maillard reactions ) can only occur at higher temperatures (above the boiling point of water), these moist techniques do not develop the flavors associated with browning. Meat will often undergo searing in a very hot pan, grilling or browning with

6588-410: The annual mean precipitation is not expected to change much, there will be more unusually dry years as well as unusually wet years, and the negatives will outweigh the positives. Keeping smaller herds to be more flexible when dry years hit was suggested as an adaptation strategy. Since more variable and therefore less predictable precipitation is one of the well-established effects of climate change on

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6696-612: The area had few residents. Much of the area was built after the 1904 fire , which forced many businesses to move west of the Bay Street and Front area. Among the industry, the area was home to the Royal Alexandra Theatre whose construction and launch were financed by four Toronto business leaders—Cawthra Mulock, Robert Alexander Smith, Stephen Haas, and Lol Solman . Opened in 1907, the Beaux-Arts styled proscenium -stage theatre

6804-645: The building of the Rogers Centre stadium, numerous condominiums and the Harbourfront Centre waterfront revitalization. The area to the east of Yonge Street is still in transition, with the conversion of industrial lands to mixed residential and commercial uses planned. Among the important government headquarters in downtown Toronto include the Ontario Legislature , and the Toronto City Hall . In

6912-461: The city its first taste of the kind of underground clubbing experience that had already been popular in New York City for years. Though located in a raw, gritty, and frugal space of a mostly unfurnished former industrial warehouse, the Twilight Zone still featured an extravagantly designed US$ 100,000 state-of-the-art sound system courtesy of New York City sound engineer Richard Long. Paid for with

7020-429: The city of Barrie, Ontario . Other notable streets include Dundas , Bloor , Queen , King , and University . The Toronto Transit Commission administers the Toronto area's public transportation system, including buses , streetcar , and subways . The regional public transportation service, GO Transit , also provides bus and commuter train service to downtown Toronto from its hub, Union Station . Union Station

7128-614: The cleanliness. The area has also seen the opening of the Dundas Square public square, a public space for holding performances and art displays. The area includes several live theatres, a movie complex at Dundas Square and the historic Massey Hall . Historical sites and landmarks include the Arts & Letter Club, the Church of the Holy Trinity, Mackenzie House, Maple Leaf Gardens, Old City Hall, and

7236-466: The club also became frequented by touring performers showing up unannounced just to hang out and party such as Detroit DJs Derrick May and Alton Miller who got brought into the DJ booth for impromptu performances. Performers booked on Saturdays went beyond DJs so that acts like LL Cool J , Sly Fox , The S.O.S. Band , D Train , Divine , Eartha Kitt , Spoons , Jermaine Stewart , and Anne Clark also played

7344-479: The club during its Pariah Wednesdays night, reportedly visibly intoxicated, and tried to gain access to the DJ booth Resident DJ Siobhan O'Flynn politely declined. In May 1987, popular local television station Citytv and Canada-wide cable channel MuchMusic (both owned by the same corporate entity, CHUM Limited ) moved their headquarters to 299 Queen Street West (also known as the CHUM-City Building) on

7452-588: The club. In 1982 Roy Thomson Hall opened at King and Simcoe, becoming the new home of the Toronto Symphony Orchestra thus expanding entertainment options in the neighbourhood beyond partying at the Twilight Zone. With the arrival of early house music out of Chicago in 1984, the Twilight Zone was among the first venues anywhere, alongside clubs in Chicago and New York City, to embrace the new sound, playing it heavily throughout its Saturdays club nights —

7560-454: The complex. However, the operation soured in the late 2000s due to the global financial crisis and suddenly folded. By 2010, the space got turned into day care for the kids of employees working in the nearby Financial District . Simultaneously, all throughout the early 2000s, the Toronto condo boom began to transform the area. The abandoned warehouses began being turned into lofts, or demolished to make way for condominium towers. The core of

7668-503: The course of evolutionary history. The first domestication event occurred around 10,500 years ago with the evolution of Bos taurus . The second was more recent, around 7,000 years ago, with the evolution of Bos indicus in the Indian subcontinent . There is a possible third domestication event 8,500 years ago, with a potential third species Bos africanus arising in Africa. In the United States,

7776-440: The cuts to disrupt the proteins. Also, solutions of exogenous proteolytic enzymes ( papain , bromelin or ficin ) can be applied or injected to augment the endogenous enzymes; this can be done with purified enzyme or by using a marinade including ingredients that naturally contain the enzyme (e.g. papaya for papain or pineapple for bromelin). Similarly, solutions of salt and sodium phosphates can be injected to soften and swell

7884-453: The demand for beef is contributing to significant biodiversity loss as it is a significant driver of deforestation and habitat destruction ; species-rich habitats, such as significant portions of the Amazon region, are being converted to agriculture for meat production. The 2019 IPBES Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services also concurs that the beef industry plays

7992-549: The downtown is located along Yonge Street from Queen Street to College Street. There is a large cluster of retail centres and shops in the area, including the Toronto Eaton Centre indoor mall. There are an estimated 600 retail stores, 150 bars and restaurants, and 7 hotels. In recent years the area has been experiencing a renaissance as the Business Improvement Area (BIA) has brought in new retail and improved

8100-500: The drawback of being in an increasingly neglected industrial area of town, across the street from the CP Rail Yards—the businessman eventually decided to invest in an extensive renovation of the theatre. Hoping to attract more people to the area, Mirvish also decided to add dining to the theatrical offering. To that end, he proceeded to purchase the industrial warehouses adjacent to Royal Alex on King St. West's north side—including

8208-499: The east, and Bathurst Street to the west. It is also the home of the municipal government of Toronto and the Government of Ontario . The area is made up of Canada's largest concentration of skyscrapers and businesses that form Toronto's skyline. Since 2022, downtown Toronto has the second most skyscrapers in North America exceeding 200 metres (656 ft) in height, behind only Midtown Manhattan, New York City . The retail core of

8316-424: The expansion of beef production. This is due to the higher ratio of net energy of gain to net energy of maintenance where metabolizable energy intake is higher. The ratio of feed required to produce an equivalent amount of beef (live weight) has been estimated at 7:1 to 43:1, compared with about 2:1 for chicken. However, assumptions about feed quality are implicit in such generalizations. For example, production of

8424-566: The financial district is the Entertainment District . It is home to hundreds of restaurants, nightclubs, sporting facilities, boutiques, hotels, attractions, and live theatre. The district was formerly an industrial area and was redeveloped for entertainment purposes in the early 1980s, becoming a major centre for entertainment. The redevelopment started with the Mirvish family refurbishing the Royal Alexandra Theatre and their construction of

8532-431: The flagship Paramount Theatre Toronto that has since been re-branded as Scotiabank Theatre Toronto . In 2001, twenty-one-year-old local hospitality entrepreneur and former minor league hockey player Travis Agresti opened Inside at 218 Richmond Street West, a three-level nightclub that would become notable due to its association with the Raptors' basketball superstar Vince Carter who within two years decided to invest in

8640-464: The food supply due to the prevalence of manure in CAFOs. These E. coli contaminations include one strain, E. coli O157:H7, which can be toxic to humans, because cattle typically hold this strain in their digestive system. Another consequence of unsanitary conditions created by high-density confinement systems is increased use of antibiotics in order to prevent illness. An analysis of FDA sales data by

8748-516: The greatest amount of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), air pollution, and water pollution. A 2021 study added up GHG emissions from the entire lifecycle, including production, transportation, and consumption, and estimated that beef contributed about 4 billion tonnes (9%) of anthropogenic greenhouse gases in 2010. Cattle populations graze around 26% of all land on Earth, not including the large agricultural fields that are used to grow cattle feed. According to FAO , "Ranching-induced deforestation

8856-796: The growth of the beef business was largely due to expansion in the Southwest. Upon the acquisition of grasslands through the Mexican–American War of 1848, and later the expulsion of the Plains Indians from this region and the Midwest , the American livestock industry began, starting primarily with the taming of feral and semi-feral longhorn cattle. Chicago and New York City were the first to benefit from these developments in their stockyards and in their meat markets. Beef cattle are raised and fed using

8964-439: The huge venue, becoming its co-owner. The two had reportedly met during late 1990s at nearby Fluid nightclub where Agresti worked as venue manager before deciding to launch his own nightlife venture down the street. Carter reportedly came to Inside's opening night and, liking what he saw, eventually decided to invest in the club. Though not involved in day-to-day running of the venue, Carter's high media profile nevertheless attracted

9072-477: The intersection of Richmond West and Duncan, were among the many examples of the manufacturing industry taking over the area. By the mid-1950s, Royal Alex turned into a money-losing operation, and was in 1962 sold for $ 200,000 to the forty-eight-year-old businessman Ed Mirvish , owner of the Honest Ed's discount department store. Initially unsure about what he wants to do with the newly-acquired property—and facing

9180-449: The landscape. However, they do not consider the cow to be a god. Many of India's rural economies depend on cattle farming; hence they have been revered in society. Since the Vedic period , cattle, especially cows, were venerated as a source of milk, and dairy products, and their relative importance in transport services and farming like ploughing , row planting, ridging. Veneration grew with

9288-517: The less common goat/chevon ). Beef is cognate with bovine through the Late Latin bovīnus . The rarely used plural form of beef is beeves . People have eaten the flesh of bovines since prehistoric times; some of the earliest known cave paintings , such as those of Lascaux , show aurochs in hunting scenes. People domesticated cattle to provide ready access to beef, milk , and leather . Cattle have been domesticated at least twice over

9396-452: The marketing and sale of beef by observing criteria post-slaughter and classifying the observed quality of the meat. In 2018, the United States, Brazil, and China produced the most beef with 12.22 million tons, 9.9 million tons, and 6.46 million tons respectively. The top 3 beef exporting countries in 2019 were Australia (14.8% of total exports), the United States (13.4% of total exports), and Brazil (12.6% of total exports). Beef production

9504-407: The most work, they are the toughest; the meat becomes more tender as distance from hoof and horn increases. Different countries and cuisines have different cuts and names, and sometimes use the same name for a different cut; for example, the cut described as "brisket" in the United States is from a significantly different part of the carcass than British brisket. To improve tenderness of beef, it

9612-408: The myofibrillar proteins. This improves juiciness and tenderness. Salt can improve the flavor, but phosphate can contribute a soapy flavor. These methods are applicable to all types of meat and some other foodstuffs. Beef can be cooked to various degrees, from very rare to well done. The degree of cooking corresponds to the temperature in the approximate center of the meat, which can be measured with

9720-514: The neighbourhood MuchMusic and Citytv launched Electric Circus , a weekly dance music show airing live on Saturdays in the late afternoon from the CHUM-City Building's ground-level studios as a simulcast on both stations. Quickly becoming popular with the Toronto-area youth turning up to watch the proceedings in the studios visible from the street (or even hoping to get inside and dance),

9828-411: The neighbourhood's shift and was seen by many as the definitive symbol of the death of Toronto's clubland. Greater restrictions on venues in the area resulted in loss of jobs ; by 2011, the number of clubs had decreased substantially, from 60 to 100 in the period between 2000 and 2006 to 30 in 2013. On May 10, 2016, Toronto City Council voted unanimously in favour of naming a public laneway in honour of

9936-433: The northern edge of the neighbourhood. It wasn't until late 1987 that the still mostly deserted area got another nightclub— Stilife was opened by 25-year-old Charles Khabouth at the corner of Richmond West and Duncan. Its young owner quickly managed to monetize it by attracting affluent Toronto crowds, a business success that would in a few years bring many new nightclubs to the area. In September 1988, recent arrivals to

10044-428: The other hand, which are usually mixed with meat from older, leaner (therefore tougher) cattle, are ground , minced or used in sausages . The blood is used in some varieties called blood sausage . Other parts that are eaten include other muscles and offal , such as the oxtail , liver , tongue , tripe from the reticulum or rumen , glands (particularly the pancreas and thymus , referred to as sweetbread ),

10152-555: The prior year. Major decline for production of beef was from India up to 510k and Australia down to 309K metric tons from the prior year. By 2017, it was already reported that farmers in Nepal kept fewer cattle due to the losses imposed by a longer hot season. Cow-calf ranches in Southeast Wyoming are expected to suffer greater losses in the future as the hydrological cycle becomes more variable and affects forage growth. Even though

10260-439: The quality or quantity of their meat. Today, beef is the third most widely consumed meat in the world, after pork and poultry . As of 2018, the United States, Brazil, and China were the largest producers of beef. Some religions and cultures prohibit beef consumption , especially Indic religions like Hinduism . Buddhists are also against animal slaughtering , but they do not have a wrongful eating doctrine. The word beef

10368-503: The region. Some, like American-style corned beef, are highly seasoned and often considered delicatessen fare. Spiced beef is a cured and salted joint of round, topside, or silverside, traditionally served at Christmas in Ireland. It is a form of salt beef , cured with spices and saltpetre , intended to be boiled or broiled in Guinness or a similar stout , and then optionally roasted for

10476-553: The remaining proteins and increases flavor intensity; the molds can contribute a nut-like flavor. After two to three days there are significant effects. The majority of the tenderizing effect occurs in the first 10 days. Boxed beef, stored and distributed in vacuum packaging, is, in effect, wet aged during distribution. Premium steakhouses dry age for 21 to 28 days or wet age up to 45 days for maximum effect on flavor and tenderness. Meat from less tender cuts or older cattle can be mechanically tenderized by forcing small, sharp blades through

10584-456: The restaurant acted as a complementary offering to the theatre in hopes of increasing revenues for Mirvish via catering to patrons who may want to have dinner before taking in the show next door. Looking to reduce costs, Ed's Warehouse served a very basic pre-set menu revolving around beef ( prime rib or roast ), mashed potatoes , Yorkshire pudding , and gravy followed by spumoni ice cream for dessert while requiring its male patrons to wear

10692-510: The secular Conseil scolaire Viamonde , and the separate Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir provide instruction in the French language . Several independent schools also operate within downtown Toronto. Downtown Toronto is home to four public universities , the University of Toronto , OCAD University , Université de l'Ontario français and Toronto Metropolitan University . OCAD University

10800-495: The show began drawing more young crowds to the area increasingly becoming associated with nightlife and partying. The railway lands to the south were also converted to other uses. The SkyDome sports arena opened in 1989, bringing thousands of fans of the Toronto Blue Jays and the Toronto Argonauts as well as fans of big musical acts to the area. Khabouth's success with Stilife made other entrepreneurs take notice; despite

10908-401: The sinew fat get into the scraped meat. It is often served with onions, capers, seasonings such as fresh ground pepper and Worcestershire sauce, and sometimes raw egg yolk. The Belgian or Dutch dish filet américain is also made of finely chopped ground beef, though it is seasoned differently, and either eaten as a main dish or can be used as a dressing for a sandwich. Kibbeh nayyeh is

11016-498: The success of the long-running Royal Alexandra Theatre, in 1993, the Mirvish family built the new 2,000-seat Princess of Wales Theatre a block over. Alternative theatres—such as Theatre Passe Muraille (in a former warehouse) and Factory Theatre (in a former manse), in the adjacent neighbourhoods of Alexandra Park and Fashion District , respectively—were also already in existence in the general vicinity: leading to Toronto emerging as

11124-426: The surface and the interior of even very thick cuts of meat, which can not be assured with most other cooking techniques. (Although extremely long-duration cooking can break down the texture of the meat to an undesirable degree.) Beef can be cooked quickly at the table through several techniques. In hot pot cooking, such as shabu-shabu , very thinly sliced meat is cooked by the diners at the table by immersing it in

11232-458: The very first club in Toronto to do so. The Assoon brothers' business relationship with Weinstein and her 'For the Record' music pool benefited the club in this regard, enabling it to obtain and play new tracks and records long before they were available to the general public. Within two years, following the increased availability of house records in stores, the genre spread to other Toronto clubs such as

11340-408: The water cycle , similar patterns were later established across the rest of the United States, and then globally. Most beef can be used as is by merely cutting into certain parts, such as roasts , short ribs or steak ( filet mignon , sirloin steak , rump steak , rib steak , rib eye steak , hanger steak , etc.), while other cuts are processed ( corned beef or beef jerky ). Trimmings, on

11448-448: The world's third-largest centre for English-language theatre, behind only London ( West End theatre ) and New York ( Broadway theatre )." Canada's Walk of Fame got established in 1998, right in front of the two Mirvish-owned theaters on King St. West between Simcoe and John streets, acknowledging the achievements of successful Canadians . In 1999, Festival Hall opened at the southwest corner of Richmond West & John, containing

11556-547: Was correlated with a higher risk of coronary heart disease , although based on studies that separated the two, this meta-analysis found that red meat intake was not associated with higher incidence of coronary heart disease. As of 2020, there is substantial evidence for a link between high consumption of red meat and coronary heart disease. Some cattle raised in the United States feed on pastures fertilized with sewage sludge . Elevated dioxins may be present in meat from these cattle. Ground beef has been subject to recalls in

11664-519: Was prominently displayed, such that Royal Alex subscribers would receive their show tickets in the mail along with two complimentary coupons for Ed's Warehouse. From the mid-1970s, the popularity of Ed's Warehouse prompted Mirvish into launching numerous spinoff hospitality ventures within the warehouses around the Royal Alex Theatre, such as restaurants Ed's Seafood, Ed's Italian, Ed's Chinese, and Old Ed's, as well as Ed's Folly lounge. The trend of

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