55-553: Torne may refer to: River Torne (England) , a river in South Yorkshire and Lincolnshire, England Torne (Finnish and Swedish river) , a river in Finland and Sweden PlayTV#Torne , a Japanese PlayStation 3 accessory See also [ edit ] Thorne (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
110-555: A fair with an ox-roast and sports to take place, as described by Ralph Thoresby . An Act of Parliament was passed in 1699 to make the river downstream of Leeds navigable (the Aire and Calder Navigation) and a second act extended the navigable river upstream to Bingley. The second act formed the basis of the Leeds and Liverpool Canal . Between the mid 19th century and the late 20th, the River Aire
165-489: A short distance it has dropped below the 49-foot (15 m) before it is crossed by the A60 Oldcotes to Tickhill road at the foot of Malpas Hill. It turns to the north to pass under the embankment of the dismantled railway which used to serve Firbeck Colliery at Langold , and the industrial railway which serves Harworth Colliery. The river is joined by a number of drainage dikes and ditches as it crosses Tickhill Low Common, to
220-534: A subterranean stream at 'Water Sinks' about one mile (1.6 km) before the top of Malham Cove , it then flows underground to Aire Head, just below Malham , in North Yorkshire , and then flows through Gargrave and Skipton . After Cononley , the river enters West Yorkshire where it passes through the former industrial areas of Keighley , Bingley , Saltaire and Shipley . It then passes through Leeds and on to Swillington and Woodlesford . At Castleford
275-596: A well between Loversall and Balby joins at the northern edge of the spoil heap. The channel is embanked at a number of locations from here onwards. To the north of Rossington it turns to the east to pass under the East Coast Main Line railway, and then the A638 Great North Road at Rossington Bridge, which it shares with the Mother Drain. This drains the area around Doncaster International Railport and
330-589: A year later, Smeaton produced a detailed report on the Torne, and work began, but some alterations were made as the scheme progressed. Scott suggested that the northern drain should be re-routed to Keadby, and then steered the bill through Parliament. The Act of Parliament was obtained in March 1783, before he retired in June. Samuel Foster replaced him, built the new drain and outfall at Keadby, and built separate outfalls at Althorpe for
385-584: Is a major river in Yorkshire , England, 92 miles (148 km) in length. Part of the river below Leeds is canalised , and is known as the Aire and Calder Navigation . The Handbook for Leeds and Airedale (1890) notes that the distance from Malham to Howden is 58 miles (93 km) direct, but the river's meanderings extend that to 90 miles (140 km). Between Malham Tarn and Airmyn, the river drops 1,300 feet (400 m). The Aire starts at Malham Tarn and becomes
440-583: Is a river in the north of England, which flows through the counties of South Yorkshire and North Lincolnshire . It rises at the Upper Lake at Sandbeck Hall, in Maltby in South Yorkshire, and empties into the River Trent at Keadby pumping station. Much of the channel is engineered, as it plays a significant role in the drainage of Hatfield Chase , which it crosses. The first major change occurred around 1628, when
495-584: Is named as darcy and ðarcy (with the ancient eth ) in a thirteenth-century transcription of a charter of 963. It is Eyr’ in 1135 in The Coucher Book of Selby and other sources up to 1298. Eir is given in 1175–7 in one of the Dodsworth Manuscripts in Farrer's Early Yorkshire Charters . A range of other spellings are attested, among them Air from c. 1160 to 1577 and John Cossins ' 1775 Plan of
550-512: Is the confluence of the Aire and Calder ; just downstream of the confluence was the ford where the ancient British road, used by the Romans, crossed on its way north to York . The river re-enters North Yorkshire near Knottingley and in its lower reaches forms part of the boundary between North Yorkshire and the East Riding of Yorkshire . Tests have been conducted to authenticate the actual source of
605-641: The Environment Agency said, "The scheme has reduced the risk of flooding to 3,000 homes, 500 business and 300 acres of development land south-east of Leeds Train Station to Woodlesford". Phase two will use natural flood management techniques to help slow the flow, helping to protect a further 1,048 homes and 474 businesses. Work on phase two, designed to provide a one-in-100 year level of protection, will take place on an 8 km stretch upstream of Leeds station starting in late 2019. A pilot scheme, costing £500,000
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#1732849143090660-518: The Isle of Axholme , and then turned to the east for 3 miles (4.8 km), where it entered the Trent at a sluice near Althorpe. At the same time, a drain was constructed which ran northwards from Idle Stop in a straight line for 8 miles (13 km) to Dirtness. It passed under the new channel of the Torne at Tunnel Pits. At Dirtness it was joined by another new drain, some 3 miles (4.8 km) long, flowing in from
715-627: The M180 motorway . As it turns to the east again, the Folly Drain also runs parallel, but a little beyond the A161 bridge, the two drains continue to the east, while the river diverts to the north, to run parallel to the North Engine Drain. The Hatfield Waste Drain runs parallel to the North Engine Drain on its south bank, but after the approach on the Torne, there was nowhere for it to go, and so it passes under
770-608: The Potteric Carr Nature Reserve , and the flows combine after the bridge, near the site of some Roman pottery kilns and Wheatcroft fishing lakes. Next to cross are the Doncaster to Gainsborough railway line and the B1396 road at Auckley Bridge. The Aldam Drain drains Cantley Low Common, and beyond the junction, the river becomes a high level carrier, with permanent embanking of both banks, and catchwater drains running along
825-482: The River Trent at Keadby was by gravity until 1940, when the pumping station was built to assist when water levels in the Trent are too high to allow for gravity discharge. Six 60-inch (150 cm) Gwynnes pumps were powered by 420 hp (310 kW) Crossley diesel engines, but one of them was replaced by an electric motor in 1994, when the engines were refurbished by the National Rivers Authority . It
880-461: The 1760s for the fourth Earl, and the interior was remodelled for the ninth Earl by William Burn in 1857. The grounds were landscaped by Capability Brown , and he created the Upper Lake and the Lower Lake, from which the river flows. The Upper Lake is close to the 130-foot (40 m) contour, but the outlet to the river is at the 98-foot (30 m) contour. The river flows to the east, and within
935-572: The 1970s, to handle water from the Middle Drain, which crosses an area affected by mining subsidence. It was managed on behalf of the Coal Board by Tickhill Internal Drainage Board (IDB), now part of Doncaster East IDB. There are Environment Agency pumping stations at Candy Farm and Tunnel Pits. Before 1628, much of the area through which the River Torne now passes was waterlogged, and the river system
990-454: The Aire. The Aire is navigable upstream to Leeds and downstream has a navigable section into the Aire & Calder Navigation , with navigable access to other canals and waterways. Crown Point in Leeds is listed as the furthest west that can be reached by boat, though the limit is a headroom of 11 feet 11 inches (3.62 m). The weir that straddles Crown Point is a listed structure that
1045-482: The Aire. Both of the latter plants stopped generating in 2016, with Eggborough being a stand-by for capacity problems until March 2017. A hydroelectric power station was installed on Brotherton Weir at Knottingley in November 2017. This £7.5 million project was expected to deliver 500 kilowatts and be operational for 100 years. Because the Aire flows through the former industrial landscape of West Yorkshire, it
1100-403: The Aire. The tarn at Malham was dammed and allowed to flood. Observers noted that whilst water surged at Aire Head, it also surged at the bottom of Malham Cove. A significant difference of 30 minutes was noted between the surges with Malham Cove being slower to react to the floodwater. The section between Malham Tarn and the confluence of the becks at Aire Head is known as Malhamdale. Thereafter
1155-456: The Folly Drain. The River Torne used to continue eastwards to a sluice at Althorpe, but the sluice is no more and the channel drains in the reverse direction. The South Engine Drain, which was built as part of improvements made in 1795, used to pass under the Torne and the road through another grade II listed syphon, which dates from 1813. The syphon is now redundant, since the channels have been connected together. Three parallel channels, known as
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#17328491430901210-569: The North Engine Drain to its north bank through a grade II listed syphon, which was probably built by Samual Foster in 1795 or by Thackray in 1813 as part of a series of improvements recommended by the engineer John Rennie . The three parallel channels, with the A18 running to the south of the Hatfield Waste Drain, arrive at Pilfrey Bridge, where they are joined by the South Engine Drain and
1265-595: The Three Rivers, flow to the north east, passing under the Doncaster to Scunthorpe railway, to arrive at Keadby pumping station. The Environment Agency assesses the water quality of the river systems in England. Each is given an overall ecological status, which may be one of five levels: high, good, moderate, poor and bad. There are several components that are used to determine this, including biological status, which looks at
1320-404: The Torne and the southern drain. The reconstruction was completed by 1789. In 1813, the South Engine Drain was routed under the Torne through a syphon, and became the third of the Three Rivers. The 1887 Ordnance Survey map shows only the Torne flowing eastwards from Pilfrey Bridge. As it approaches Althorpe, it splits into two, and uses both of the sluices into the Trent. The Folly Drain turns to
1375-530: The Torne from where it crosses the A60 road to a little below the junction with the Middle Drain, has been managed by the Tickhill Internal Drainage Board since 1931. They are responsible for an area of 10 square miles (26 km ), which includes 9 miles (14.5 km) of watercourses. Most of these flow into the Torne by gravity, but the Middle Drain has suffered from subsidence, and a pumping station
1430-477: The Town of Leedes , and Air’ from the thirteenth century to the fourteenth. The etymology of the name is obscure. Two Celtic etymologies have been proposed. In 1857 it was suggested that Aire may come from Common Brittonic * Isarā ('the strong one'), in which case Aire originally meant 'strong river'. An alternative Celtic etymology suggests that the word is related to Welsh aer ('slaughter'). However,
1485-453: The Trent in the 1780s, but the Torne was not re-routed to it until much later. The sluice at Keadby became a pumping station in 1940, and the option to pump water into the Trent at all states of the tide led to the abandonment of the Althorpe outfall, and the routing of the Torne to Keadby. There are a number of pumping stations along the course of the river. Tickhill pumping station was built in
1540-469: The area, together with two branch drains. These were completed by 1768. Doncaster Corporation then divided up the Carr and enclosed it, and when this was completed in 1771, Trustees took over the management of the scheme. Further work was done between 1772 and 1777, again with Tofield directing, and Mathias Scott acting as resident engineer and surveyor. By the time the scheme was completed, 4.6 miles (7.4 km) of
1595-621: The case of the Ruddle to St Catherine's Well section, leaching of cadmium and zinc compounds from abandoned mine workings. Like most rivers in the UK, the chemical status changed from good to fail in 2019, due to the presence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), perfluorooctane sulphonate (PFOS) and mercury compounds, none of which had previously been included in the assessment. Download coordinates as: [REDACTED] Media related to River Torne at Wikimedia Commons River Aire The River Aire
1650-404: The drainage engineer Cornelius Vermuyden cut a new channel for the river across the Isle of Axholme , and built a sluice at Althorpe where it entered the River Trent . Nearly 90 years of civil unrest followed, before the issues of flooding were finally resolved. Drainage of the land bordering the river was carried out in the 1760s and 1770s. A new sluice was built at Keadby, lower downstream on
1705-540: The extra depth at Potteric Carr, since the flow increases depending on the ratio of the cross-sectional area to the wetted perimeter, when the gradient of the channel is less than 4 inches per mile (6 cm per km). The sluice which connected the Mother Drain to the Torne was designed by Scott in 1772. Scott resigned his post in April 1774, to move to Thorne and to work for the Trustees of Hatfield Chase. One of his first suggestions
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1760-463: The first in the UK, were installed in the first phase of a two phase plan to reduce floods. Reducing the height of the weir, by deflating a 'bladder' has the potential to reduce flood levels by up to one metre upstream. The Knostrop weir was operated during the 2019 England floods . A 600m stretch of land, Knostrop Cut island, was removed allowing the river and canal to merge creating additional flood water capacity. Adrian Gill, area flood risk manager at
1815-579: The first time since the Industrial Revolution. The project will also benefit eels, lamprey and other coarse fish. The project is expected to be complete by early 2021. Castleford Wastewater Treatment Works has had £16 million of investment between 2013 and 2015. The improvements to this plant, which discharges water directly into the Aire, has improved water quality downstream. Rodley Nature Reserve , Kirkstall Valley Nature Reserve, St Aidans and Fairburn Ings RSPB reserve all lie alongside
1870-555: The foot of both banks. At Candy Farm there are two pumping stations, the southern one pumping the Black Bank Drain into the river, and the northern one pumping the East Ring Drain. At Tunnel Pits, there are two more pumping stations, and Tunnel Pits Bridge carries the road which follows Vermuyden's North Idle Drain over the channel. Soon, the South Engine Drain is running parallel to the river, as it crosses under Sandtoft Road and
1925-554: The maximum volume of water which the river could deliver, and the agricultural land was subject to flooding. There was dissatisfaction among the inhabitants of the Hatfield Chase area with the effects of the drainage scheme, which resulted in riots and damage to the work. A series of lawsuits followed, and the situation was not finally resolved until 1719. In the 1760s, there were plans to drain Potteric Carr , an area of wetland to
1980-517: The name could also come from Old Norse eyjar ('islands'), which might in turn have been inspired by an earlier Old English name ēg ('island'). The deposit of silt by two tributaries close together, the Meanwood Beck from the north and the Hol Beck from the south, created a crossing place and a settlement that became the town of Leeds. The Romans forded the Aire by a paved way at Castleford on
2035-445: The quantity and varieties of invertebrates , angiosperms and fish. Chemical status, which compares the concentrations of various chemicals against known safe concentrations, is rated good or fail. The water quality of the Torne was as follows in 2019. Reasons for the ecological quality being less than good include discharge from sewage treatment works, disharge from the transport infrastructure, runoff from agricultural land, and in
2090-480: The river as the water and food quality is far superior to that when the river was polluted. In the upper reaches of the river around Bell Busk and Malham, white-clawed crayfish are present in the tributaries. A joint project between the Environment Agency and The Aire Rivers Trust will instal four fish passes on the last four high weirs on the river, with the intent of allowing salmon to return to Skipton for
2145-404: The river channel had been rerouted, the Mother Drain had been extended to 4.5 miles (7.2 km), and 3 miles (4.8 km) of catchwater drains had been built. The fall on the Mother Drain was very low, but Smeaton had designed it with a channel, the bottom of which was below the level of the outfall. In a separate dispute over the design of drains for Deeping Fen , he explained how he had used
2200-532: The river just before it crosses the 16-foot (4.9 m) contour, and the western bank is embanked as it passes Reedy Holmes Plantation. Already the meandering course of the river has been replaced by straight sections with tight bends. The Little Mother Drain, which drains Stancil Carr and Wellingley Low Grounds, joins before the river passes around the western edge of the huge spoil heap of Rossington Main Colliery, and St Catherine's Well Stream, which flows eastwards from
2255-551: The rivers. The Don was routed northwards from Stainforth, to join the River Aire near Turn Bridge near East Cowick (grid reference SE668215), while the Idle was dammed at Idle Stop, and routed eastwards to join the Trent at West Stockwith . This left the Torne with no outfall, and a completely new channel was constructed for it, which was embanked on both sides. It ran in a north-easterly direction from Wroot for 6 miles (9.7 km), crossing
Torne - Misplaced Pages Continue
2310-652: The road connecting Doncaster with York, which went north through the town near to the church. At this time, the River Don emptied into the Aire at Snaith, but the Dutch engineer, Cornelius Vermuyden , changed the course of the Don in the 1630s so that it flows into the Ouse after its confluence with the Aire. During the Great Frost of 1683–84 the river froze solid for a month in Leeds allowing
2365-443: The south and joins the Trent at Derrythorpe. By 1946/51, maps show a connection between the Torne and the middle of the Three Rivers, with a connection between the middle channel and the east channel downstream of Pilfrey Bridge. By 1966, the channels are inter-connected much as they are today, with a sluice between the Folly Drain and the South Engine Drain, and the sluices at Althorpe and Derrythorpe no longer used. The outlet into
2420-657: The south of Tickhill . The common and the river are crossed by the Doncaster Bypass section of the A1(M) motorway , which is built on an embankment here and was one of the earliest motorways built in Britain, opening in July 1961. Next it passes under the A631 Tickhill to Bawtry road at Goole Bridge. The river carries the alternative name of Goole Dike at this point. The Middle Drain joins
2475-402: The south of Doncaster covering 4,250 acres (1,720 ha). The engineers John Smeaton and James Brindley were responsible for the plans, but Thomas Tofield, a botanist and civil engineer who lived nearby at Balby , directed the project when work began in 1765 or 1766. The first stages involved a new channel for the Torne, and the construction of the Mother Drain, the main drainage channel for
2530-467: The title Torne . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Torne&oldid=1180552532 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages River Torne (England) The River Torne
2585-558: The valley is known as Airedale and encompasses Bradford, (even though the river bypasses the city) and by the time it reaches Leeds, the term Airedale is rarely applied. The River Aire empties into the River Ouse at Airmyn , 'myn' being an old English word for 'river mouth'. From source (Joins River Ouse ) The name of the Aire is first attested as Yr in a charter from 959 AD (as edited in Gray's Cartularium Saxonicum ). The river
2640-477: The west, and the combined flow was carried to the east for a further 5 miles (8 km), to enter the Trent at another sluice at Althorpe. The Torne sluice was 11 feet (3.4 m) wide, and the sluice on the drain was 14 feet (4.3 m) wide. The new route of the Torne was not entirely successful. It crossed fertile parture land to the north-west of the Isle of Axholme, but the banks were not sufficiently large to hold
2695-597: Was constructed in medieval times and first documented in 1636. Canoeing and rowing are popular sports on the river with two clubs (the Bradford and Bingley Canoe Club and the Bradford Amateur Rowing Club ) having landings on the river. Canoeing can be carried out on most parts of the river, with the two clubs having navigable sections protected by weirs next to their landings. In October 2017 at Crown Point near Leeds city centre and Knostrop two movable weirs,
2750-487: Was devoid of fish life downstream of Shipley because of pollution. Efforts have been made to return the river to a good wildlife status and fish and other wildlife exist all along the course of the river. There are three thermal power stations alongside the River Aire east of Castleford : Ferrybridge C , Eggborough and Drax . Drax takes its cooling water from the Ouse , but both Ferrybridge and Eggborough drew their water from
2805-568: Was heavily polluted. In 2007, Yorkshire Water carried out improvements to Esholt Sewage Works at a cost of £110 million under the EU 's Fresh Water Fish Directive. Whilst Trout are prevalent above Keighley, the river is host to others such as Chub , Dace , Barbel & Grayling , whilst Sea Trout have been noted as far upriver as Shipley. Work is also being undertaken to make some weirs easier for fish to negotiate. Improvements have allowed Eurasian otters and European water voles to return to
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#17328491430902860-563: Was installed in the 1970s to overcome this. The IDB operates the station on behalf of the National Coal Board , who own it. In April 2012, Tickhill IDB became part of the much larger Doncaster East Internal Drainage Board. The River Torne rises in the grounds of Sandbeck Hall , the home of the Earl of Scarborough . The house is a grade I listed structure, and was originally built in 1626 for Sir Nicholas Saunderson. James Paine extended it in
2915-413: Was quite different. The River Don flowed across Hatfield Chase from Stainforth to Adlingfleet . The River Idle flowed northwards from the point later called Idle Stop, and joined the Don near to Sandtoft , while the Torne formed two channels to the west of Wroot , both of which joined the Idle. In 1626, Cornelius Vermuyden was given the task of draining Hatfield Chase, and he radically altered
2970-483: Was the availability of power, which enabled water to be discharged to the Trent at all states of the tide that led to the routing of the Torne and the Folly Drain to Keadby, and the abandonment of the Althorpe and Derrythorpe outfalls. Following the passing of the Land Drainage Act 1930 , internal drainage boards were set up to manage low-lying areas prone to flooding. The area to the east of Tickhill, surrounding
3025-577: Was to divert the Torne out of the Chase altogether, by making a new cut for it to the River Don at Thorne. Thomas Yeoman proposed an alternative scheme, which involved routing the drains away from Althorpe to a new outfall some 4 miles (6.4 km) downstream on the Trent. Scott produced a report on both schemes in October 1775, but the cost of acquiring the land outside of the Chase was a major disadvantage. Exactly
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