Misplaced Pages

#337662

21-579: Topock ( Mojave : Tuupak ) (pronounced /'Toe-pock'/ by locals) is a small unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Mohave County , Arizona , United States. As of the 2020 census , the population within the CDP was 2. Topock and the surrounding region have a ZIP Code of 86436; in 2010, the population of the 86436 ZCTA was 2,104, almost all of whom live in the Golden Shores CDP to

42-579: A sentence because any noun phrase complement of a verb can be omitted as context determines. Moreover, word order is essential with utterances that contain a direct and an indirect object, in which both are unmarked by a morpheme. The basic form of such utterances is that the indirect object comes before the direct object. For example, here are tables in a three-line gloss of two sentences with captioned differences: hatčoq dog ʔavi:-m rock-with ʔ-əta:v-k 1SG . SUBJ -hit-tense hatčoq ʔavi:-m ʔ-əta:v-k dog rock-with 1SG.SUBJ-hit-tense I hit

63-449: A word in Mojave consists of a single vowel. Consonants can be added both prior to and following the vowel. Both derivational and inflectional morphemes are created by the addition of mostly prefixes, along with potential suffixes. Tenses in Mojave are split up into present/past and future. The past and present tense are marked by the usage of -k, -m, and -pc^. The future tense is marked by

84-504: Is also bringing elders together with younger people to teach the traditional Mojave "bird songs." The language preservation work of poet Natalie Diaz on the reservation was featured on PBS NewsHour in March 2012. Topock Elementary School District Topock School District 12 is a public school district based in Mohave County, Arizona . The district includes the census-designated places of Topock and Golden Shores . It feeds

105-535: The Hinkley groundwater contamination lawsuits related to the dumping of hexavalent chromium, PG&E began "an investigation and cleanup process governed by the federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA). PG&E continues to provide reports on their soil investigation and remedial activities at

126-572: The Meriam Report conclude off reservation Indian school a failure. All claims and examples in this section come from Munro (1974) unless otherwise noted. Mojave phonology is similar to that of Maricopa. One difference is that in the 19th century Mohave speakers shifted the sounds [s] and [ʂ] (similar to sh as in "shack") to [θ] (th as in "thick") and [s], respectively. The retroflex phonemes /ɳ/ and /ʈ/ only occur in very few words. Mohave has five vowel qualities, with length distinction and

147-987: The Topock compressor station site regarding potential future impacts to the Colorado River and to Arizona's groundwater. It is in the Topock Elementary School District and the Colorado River Union High School District . Mojave language The Mojave language became endangered during the manifest destiny movement of the 19th century when Mohave and other Native American children were taken away from their parents and tribes to be placed in boarding schools, where they were prohibited from speaking their language. The schools went so far as to prohibit students from speaking their native tongue even with their parents when they occasionally visited home; many parents did not speak English. At

168-474: The burden of civilization yet encompassed by their baser instincts. As a means to lessen the altercation with the indigenous people of the west, the United States government began American Indian boarding schools . The purpose of these schools was to assimilate Native American children from the ages of 10 to 18 into European American culture, thus weakening their native culture and making them more compliant with

189-415: The dog with a rock Jim-č Jim- SUBJ havik sibling kʷikʷay cow θinʸaʔa:k female sukam-m sell- TNS Jim-č havik kʷikʷay θinʸaʔa:k sukam-m Jim-SUBJ sibling cow female sell-TNS Jim sold his brother a cow To negate in Mojave one would need to use one of the three apparent devices or methods. That is with the suffix -mot- which precedes a tense marker in lexical verbs, with

210-481: The governments territorial expansion. This was accomplished by shearing their hair, replacing their native dress, teaching them English, Math, History, and giving them vocational skills. The Mojave tribe were no exception. In 1890 Fort Mojave was opened by the Thomas J. Morgan, The Commissioner of Indian Affairs, as an Indian school to serve children from the Mojave and Hualapai tribes. The school remained open until 1931 after

231-420: The lack of any such marker. First person subjects are expressed through the usage of ?- while n^j represents first person arguments. 2nd person subjects and arguments are denoted by m- and 3rd is hallmarked by the lack of either of the two. Verbs are typically denoted via the addition of the suffixes -k and -m. For the word order in the Mojave language, noun phrases containing the subject occur first with

SECTION 10

#1732855010338

252-685: The negative verb kava:r which is used on its own and literally means in English "to not", or with the suffix -poʔa:ve (the other variant is -poʔa:və) which is at times used with utterances that contain indefinite pronouns. As of 2012, the Center for Indian Education at Arizona State University "has facilitated workshops for both learners and speakers at the Fort Mojave Indian Reservation in northwest Arizona, California and Nevada. Fort Mojave has about 22 elders who speak some Mojave." The project

273-691: The north. Topock lies between Bullhead City and Lake Havasu City and southeast of Needles, California , on the California–Arizona border. It is known for being a boating town as well as being home to the Old Trails Arch Bridge which used to be the old Route 66 bridge featured in the film The Grapes of Wrath . The crossings of the Colorado River at Topock, including the Old Trails Arch Bridge, are also featured prominently in

294-471: The opening credits of the movie Easy Rider . Topock Marina is located just off I-40 on Historic Route 66. Situated on the Colorado River between Needles and Lake Havasu City, the marina is the traditional refueling point for boaters traveling between these two cities. Topock is the site of one of Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E) 's recompression stations on its super-rich natural gas pipeline from Texas to San Francisco completed in 1930. Topock

315-456: The state line, and near the town of Hinkley, California . Today there is a network of eight compressor stations linked by "40,000 miles of distribution pipelines and over 6,000 miles of transportation pipelines" serving "4.2 million customers from Bakersfield to the Oregon border." In the 1950s and 1960s, at both Topock and Hinkley compressor stations, hexavalent chromium in the form of an additive

336-513: The turn of the 19th century the United States began expanding further west, and as it expanded settlers began encountering more Native Americans. Many of these interactions resulted in violence and death as the settlers viewed the indigenous people as nuisances to their expansion westward. It is also at this time that the concept of unilinear evolution was prevalent within the social sciences and society in general, because of this native peoples were thought of as lesser beings or "Noble Savages" free from

357-460: The verb occurring last in sentences with additional non-subject nouns, i.e. the object of a sentence, occurring between the subject and the verb. Also, the subject of a sentence is typically marked with the morpheme {-č}.Thereby, the Mojave language can be described as a subject-object-verb, SOV, language. Even with that SOV description, however, there are instances in which there aren't more than one or two specified, marked, or described noun phrases in

378-463: The weak vowel /ə/. Hubert McCord, one of the four tribal leaders of the Mojave tribe, is fluent in the Mojave language. McCord has worked with poet Natalie Diaz, see revitalization below, documenting Mojave stories and songs. A video with audio of the language contains tribal elder McCord singing as he took some of the tribe's youth on a short voyage around the Colorado river . The basic structure of

399-677: Was named for Captain "Jack" Mellon, a 40-year veteran Colorado River steamboat captain and an owner of the Colorado Steam Navigation Company , though it was misspelled as "Mellen". From 1903 to 1909 Mellen had its own post office. PG&E began delivering natural gas to San Francisco and northern California in 1930 through the longest pipeline in the world, connecting the Texas gas fields to northern California with compressor stations that included compressor stations with cooling towers every 300 miles (480 km), at Topock, Arizona, on

420-561: Was originally called Mellen , a railroad station and steamboat landing, at the site where the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad built the Red Rock Bridge , a steel cantilever bridge across the Colorado River in May 1890 after three of its earlier less well-built bridges had been washed away by the river upstream at a poorly chosen site at Eastbridge , southeast of Needles, California . The town

441-429: Was used in rust-prevention in "the cooling towers that prepared the gas for transportation through PG&E's pipeline to northern and central California." These cooling waters were then disposed of "adjacent to the compressor stations." Topock Compressor Station is located in eastern San Bernardino County, California , approximately 12 miles (19 km) southeast of Needles, along the Colorado River . In 1996 following

SECTION 20

#1732855010338
#337662