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40-620: The island is accessed via ferry service from the coastal town of Mersing and Teluk Gading, as well as by air, run by a regular private service from Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport (formerly Subang International Airport) in Selangor. Tioman has been used for thousands of years by Austronesian fishermen as an essential navigation point and a source of fresh water and wood. During the past thousand years, it has played host to Chinese , Arab , and European trading ships en route to Champa , and often Chinese porcelain shards can be found on beaches around

80-407: A dull white colour and some even fragmenting into pieces of dead coral skeleton. The 2016 bleaching event only just touched on Tioman's Coral Reefs, and as such, the coral has remained in good and healthy condition. A proposal to build an international airport on Tioman Island which were rejected by authorities in 2018 due to the scale of the environmental impacts it would cause are still very much in

120-449: A marine conservation and rehabilitation plan, which involves relocating and propagating corals to four designated sites and two coral farms before any construction begins. While the relocation of corals may appear to be a measure to protect these fragile organisms, it is important to examine the drawbacks and limitations of this approach. Relocating corals from their natural habitats to new sites can have an adverse effect on their survival and

160-473: A subsidiary part-owned by the Berjaya Group, a Malaysia-based corporation that also operates a resort on the island. The project developer is Tioman Infra Sdn Bhd, a wholly owned subsidiary of Tioman Hill Resort Sdn Bhd which is 50% owned by Berjaya Group. The rest is owned by the royal family of Pahang through Aimvesco Sdn Bhd and the late Sultan Ahmad Shah. Ghost nets are becoming increasingly common around

200-689: A total of 45 species of mammals and 138 species of birds, including the majestic frigatebird . Moreover, Tioman has species that are endemic to its shores. The Tioman walking catfish Clarias batu can be seen on rainforest walks. Kajang slender litter frog is only known from Mount Kajang. Tioman Island Marine Park hosts three marine ecosystems: coral reef, seagrass bed, and mangrove forest. The coral reefs accommodate 350 species of scleractinian corals from 67 genera including three endangered species (Alveopora minuta, Isopora togianensis and Pectinia maxima), 86 vulnerable species and 85 near threatened species, 326 species of coral reef fish from 55 families including

240-477: A total of 59.90 hectares, support 23 mangrove species including a new hybrid species, one endangered species (Heritiera globose) which can be found near Kampung Genting and Kampung Juara and two near threatened species (Ceriops decandra and Sonneratia ovata) which can be found near Kampung Juara. Tioman's corals have been affected by a mass bleaching event in 2010 whereby the island lost a significant portion of its live coral cover. That resulted in many corals turning

280-403: A variety of creatures, including birds and marine mammals. Over time the nets become more and more tangled. In general, fish are less likely to be trapped in gear that has been down a long time. Fishermen sometimes abandon worn-out nets because it is often the easiest way to get rid of them. The French government offered a reward for ghost nets handed in to local coastguards along sections of

320-424: A village in the northern, most developed part of the island, far from the development footprint and close to a large resort linked to the project developer. In contrast, representatives surveyed from the affected villages of Kampung Genting and Kampung Paya typically held a negative view of the airport proposal. The EIA report was prepared by Asia Pacific Environmental Consultants Sdn. Bhd. for Tioman Infra Sdn. Bhd.,

360-404: Is a town, mukim and the capital of Mersing District , Johor , Malaysia . The town is located at the southern end of the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia . As of 2010, the town has an estimated population of 70,894. Mersing town is particularly significant for a number of reasons: it is one of only two major towns in the eastern half of Johor state (the other being Kota Tinggi ); it lies on

400-598: Is relatively accessible for a town its size. Northward this highway goes to Kuantan , Kuala Terengganu and Kota Bharu before terminating at Rantau Panjang at the border with Thailand . Southwards highway 3 goes to Jemaluang and Kota Tinggi and terminates at Johor Bahru, the state capital. Jalan Felda Nitar connects Felda Nitar, Kluang , Ayer Hitam and Batu Pahat , also connects to North–South Expressway Southern Route via Ayer Hitam Interchange to Kuala Lumpur . Mersing Bus and Taxi Terminal ( Malay : Terminal Bas dan Teksi Bandar Mersing ) on Jalan Tepian Sungai

440-705: Is required to manage and mitigate abandoned, lost, and discarded fishing gear at-sea. The company Net-works worked out a solution to turn discarded fishing nets into carpet tiles. Between 2008 and 2015, the US Fishing for Energy initiative collected 2.8 million pounds of fishing gear, and in partnership with Reworld turned this into enough electricity to power 182 homes for one year by incineration. One retrieval initiative in Southwest Nova Scotia in Canada conducted 60 retrieval trips, searched ~1523 square kilometers of

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480-472: Is served by ferries from Mersing, Johor and Tanjung Gemok, Pahang. Both are located in Malaysia. Currently, two ferry companies are operating in both jetties. You can purchase the ticket at the counter book directly from their respective website to secure your seats in advance. 1. Bluewater Ferry - bluewater.my 2. Cata Ferry - cataferry.com 3. Jetty Location - Google Map According to legend, Tioman Island

520-402: Is served by various companies including Transnasional and Causeway Link . Long-distance services are offered to most major cities in peninsular Malaysia such as Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh and Malacca , as well as local buses to towns and cities around Johor state. Mersing port in the mouth of Mersing River is also the main port for ferries to Tioman Island and the more than 40 other islands in

560-705: Is that many of them are of Terengganu ancestry, this are proven by the Keropok Lekor industries which is popular in the town and many still speak Terengganu Malay along with the Johor dialect of Malay. The Chinese community in Mersing mainly belongs to the Cantonese dialect group and speak Cantonese , however, many locals, especially business owners have no issue conversing in Mandarin. Being located along Federal Route 3 , Mersing

600-467: Is the local authority of the whole Mersing District including Mersing town. It was formed on 26 May 1977 through the merger of the Mersing Town Council ( Malay : Majlis Bandaran Mersing ) and the local councils ( Malay : Majlis Tempatan ) of Jemaluang, Kampung Hubong, Kampung Pengkalan Batu, Kampung Sri Pantai and Mersing Kecil. The Malays of Mersing are unique compared to the rest of Johor

640-515: Is the resting place of a beautiful dragon princess. Whilst flying to visit her prince in Singapore , this beautiful maiden stopped to seek solace in the crystal-clear waters of the South China Sea . Enraptured by the charms of the place, she decided to discontinue her journey. By taking the form of an island, she pledged to offer shelter and comfort to passing travellers. Local mythology claims that

680-579: The Australian Fisheries Management Authority (AFMA) recovered 10 tonnes of abandoned nets within the Australian Exclusive Economic Zone and Torres Strait protected zone perimeters. One protected turtle was rescued. The northern Australian olive ridley sea turtle Lepidochelys olivacea , is a genetically distinct variation of the olive ridley sea turtle. Ghost nets pose a threat to the continued existence of

720-514: The European Parliament Fisheries Committee in 2018. Mr. Flack, who led the committee, said: "Abandoned fishing nets are polluting our seas, wasting fishing stocks and indiscriminately killing whales, sea lions or even dolphins. The tragedy of ghost fishing must end". Net amnesty schemes such as Fishing for Litter create incentives for the collection and responsible disposal of end of life fishing gear. These schemes address

760-713: The National Marine Fisheries Service reported an average of 11 large whales entangled in ghost nets every year along the US west coast. From 2002 to 2010, 870 nets were recovered in Washington (state) with over 32,000 marine animals trapped inside. Ghost gear is estimated to account for 10% (640,000 tonnes) of all marine litter . An estimated 46% of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch consists of fishing related plastics. Fishing nets account for about 1% of

800-494: The Seribuat Archipelago . Ghost net Ghost nets are fishing nets that have been abandoned, lost, or otherwise discarded in the ocean, lakes, and rivers. These nets, often nearly invisible in the dim light, can be left tangled on a rocky reef or drifting in the open sea . They can entangle fish , dolphins , sea turtles , sharks , dugongs , crocodiles , seabirds , crabs , and other creatures, including

840-566: The Bryde's whale and Guiana dolphin. Unlike synthetic fishing nets, biodegradable fishing nets decompose naturally under water after a certain period of time. Coconut fibre ( coir ) fishing nets are commercially made and are hence a practical solution that can be taken by fishermen. Technology systems for marking and tracking fishing gear, including GPS tracking, are being trialled to promote greater accountability and transparency. Legalizing gear retrievals and establishing waste management systems

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880-458: The EIA report include direct destruction of coral reefs and coastal habitats, underwater construction noise, pollutant runoff, artificial lighting, and plumes of silt and sediment. The development could displace local businesses, extinguish tourism revenue in two of the island's seven villages, and have cascading effects on the island's already limited natural resource. The EIA report suggests carrying out

920-583: The Malaysian Parliament is Abdul Khalib Abdullah from BERSATU - Perikatan Nasional . The island houses the Tioman Airport with flights from Subang . A proposal to build an international airport through land reclamation was rejected in 2018 on environmental grounds, although the proposal has been raised since. Currently (May 2024) there are no commercial flights to Pulau Tioman, and discussions of an airport expansion are still on-going. The island

960-651: The Netherlands coastline. The loop was then closed - after a season's diving 22 tons of fishing gear was sent to the Aquafil Group for recycling back into new Nylon 6 material. In 2012 Pascal van Erp formally founded the not-for-profit Ghost Fishing organisation. In 2020 the Ghost Fishing Foundation rebranded as the Ghost Diving Foundation. A plan to protect UK seas from ghost fishing was backed by

1000-614: The Normandy coast between 1980 and 1981. The project was abandoned when people vandalized nets to claim rewards, without retrieving anything at all from the shoreline or ocean. In September 2015, the Global Ghost Gear Initiative (GGGI) was created by the World Animal Protection to give a unique and stronger voice to the cause. The term ALDFG means "abandoned, lost and discarded fishing gear". From 2000 to 2012,

1040-459: The ecosystems they support. Transplanted corals often struggle to adapt to new conditions, leading to a high mortality rate. The disturbance caused by relocation can disrupt the balance of the ecosystem and result in long-term ecological consequences. The EIA report states that 54% of 300 island residents surveyed about the development viewed the development positively. However, the report concedes that many respondents were residents of Kampung Tekek,

1080-490: The endangered humphead wrasse, vulnerable blacktip reef shark, slender bambooshark, tawny nurse shark, brown-marbled grouper, squaretail coral grouper, finless sleeper ray, Jenkin's whipray and the near threatened blackspot tuskfish and Bower's parrotfish, and 76 taxa of benthic macroalgae. The seagrass beds support 3 species of seagrass and can be found near Kampung Air Batang, Kampung Genting, Teluk Nipah, Teluk Mukut and between Japamala Resort and Pasir Cina. The mangrove forests,

1120-517: The fish are devoured by bottom-dwelling crustaceans and other fish. Then the floats pull the net up again and the cycle continues. Given the high-quality synthetics that are used today, the destruction can continue for a long time. The problem is not just nets but ghost gear in general; old-fashioned crab traps , without the required "rot-out panel", also sit on the bottom, where they become self-baiting traps that can continue to trap marine life for years. Even balled-up fishing line can be deadly for

1160-590: The inland rainforest area was protected in 1972 as the Pulau Tioman Wildlife Reserve. However, a large part of the original reserve was sacrificed for agricultural and touristic development in 1984; the remaining area is approximately 8,296 ha (20,500 acres). There are several protected species of mammals on the island, including the binturong , long-tailed macaque , slow loris , black giant squirrel , red giant flying squirrel , mouse deer , brush-tailed porcupine , and common palm civet , from

1200-617: The island is the embodiment of the mighty dragon Sri Gumom. The dragon was on his way to visit his sister Gunung Linga (Lingin Peak). Still, the great Sri Rama forbade the meeting, and Sri Gumom was turned into a stone and fell into the deep sea where he now remains, frozen in eternity as this beautiful island with its distinctive topography. Community radio within Tioman: From Malaysian mainland: Local: Mersing Mersing ( Terengganu Malay : Merecing or Ngesing , Jawi : مرسيڠ)

1240-528: The island, harming local wildlife. Popular Dive and Snorkeling Sites off the coast of Tulai/Coral Island Tioman Island lends its name to the state constituency of Tioman , comprising the island and part of the Rompin District including the town of Kuala Rompin . Its representative to the State Legislative Assembly is Mohd. Johari Hussain from UMNO - Barisan Nasional . Its representative to

Tioman Island - Misplaced Pages Continue

1280-719: The island. In more recent history, Tioman played host to both the British and the Japanese navies during the Second World War . As a result, the waters around the island are littered with war remains, including HMS Repulse and HMS Prince of Wales . Tioman island does not allow buildings to have more than three stories. Tioman Island is to be granted municipality status soon. The marine area around Tioman Island and eight other nearby islands have been declared as marine parks and marine reserves . Apart from its diverse marine life ,

1320-440: The main trunk road that connects southern as well as eastern Johor with the east coast of Pahang state including Pahang's capital Kuantan (part of Federal Route ; and it is the main departure point for ferries to the nearby offshore islands such as Pulau Rawa of Sultan Iskandar Marine Park ( Malay : Taman Laut Sultan Iskandar ) and also Tioman Island , Pahang . Mersing District Council ( Malay : Majlis Daerah Mersing )

1360-610: The northern Australian variety. Without further action to preserve the northern Australian olive ridley sea turtle, the population could face extinction. Researches in Brazil used social media to estimate how ghost nets have negatively affected the Brazilian marine biota. Footage of ghost nets found on Google and YouTube were obtained and analyzed to arrive at the results of the study. They found that ghost nets have an adverse effect on several marine species, including large marine animals, such as

1400-495: The occasional human diver. Acting as designed, the nets restrict movement, causing starvation, laceration and infection, and suffocation in those that need to return to the surface to breathe. It's estimated that around 48 million tons (48,000 kt) of lost fishing gear is generated each year, not including those that were abandoned or discarded and these may linger in the oceans for a considerable time before breaking-up. Some commercial fishermen use gillnets . These are suspended in

1440-449: The root cause for many net abandonments, which is the financial cost of their disposal. Fishing nets are often made from extremely high quality plastics to ensure suitable strength, which makes them desirable for recycling. Initiatives like Healthy Seas are connecting environmental cleanup projects to manufacturers to re-use these materials. Recycled waste nets can be made into yarn and consumer products, such as swimwear. In Australia,

1480-413: The sea by flotation buoys , such as glass floats , along one edge. In this way they can form a vertical wall hundreds of metres long, where any fish within a certain size range can be caught. Normally these nets are collected by fishermen and the catch removed. If this is not done, the net can continue to catch fish until the weight of the catch exceeds the buoyancy of the floats. The net then sinks, and

1520-727: The seafloor and removed 7064 kg of abandoned, lost, and discarded fishing gear (ALDFG) (comprising 66% lobster traps and 22% dragger cable). Lost traps continued to capture target and non-target species. A total of 15 different species were released from retrieved ALDFG, including 239 lobsters (67% were market-sized) and seven groundfish (including five species-at-risk). The commercial losses from ALDFG in Southwest Nova Scotia were estimated at $ 175,000 CAD annually. In 2009 world-renowned Dutch technical diver Pascal van Erp started to recover abandoned ghost fishing gear entangled on North Sea wrecks. He soon inspired others. Organised teams of volunteer technical divers recovered tons of ghost fishing gear off

1560-550: The total mass of all marine macroplastics larger than 200 millimetres (7.9 in), and plastic fishing gear overall constitutes over two-thirds of the total mass. According to the SeaDoc Society, each ghost net kills $ 20,000 worth of Dungeness crab over 10 years. The Virginia Institute of Marine Science calculated that ghost crab pots capture 1.25 million blue crabs each year in the Chesapeake Bay alone. In May 2016,

1600-494: The works as an environmental impact assessment (EIA) for the project has been submitted. The new airport would cover 186.4 hectares (460.6 acres) of the island's west coast between the villages of Kampung Paya and Kampung Genting. 76% of the development area would need to be land reclaimed from the sea (142.70 hectares) within Pulau Tioman Marine Park, according to the EIA report. Impacts on the marine environment cited in

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