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46-508: Tierrasanta was originally part of the Mission San Diego de Alcalá ranch, which was active during the late 18th and 19th centuries. The U.S. military purchased the land in 1941 as Camp Elliott , a Marine Corps training facility. The Marines moved out in 1944 and the land was transferred to the Navy. It was deactivated in 1946. In 1961, the U.S. Government sold the area that is now Tierrasanta and

92-469: A Spaniard more commonly known as San Diego . The mission was the site of the first Christian burial in Alta California . The original mission burned in 1775 during an uprising by local natives. San Diego is also generally regarded as the site of the region's first public execution, in 1778. Father Luis Jayme , California's first Christian martyr who was among those killed during the 1775 uprising against

138-518: A branch library, jogging/mountain biking trails, baseball and soccer teams, and numerous clubs. The Tierra Times, a community service newspaper, has been published since 1971, and is delivered free to all residents six or more times per year. An Armed Services YMCA is located in the Murphy Canyon area. The Admiral Baker Golf Club on the southern edge of Tierrasanta has two golf courses with priority given to active duty and retired military members, but

184-543: A branch of the San Diego Public Library , and a research park. Also located in the community are several elementary and middle schools and Canyon Hills High School , part of San Diego Unified School District . The elected Tierrasanta Community Council (TCC), which includes members from each of five geographic areas, plus representatives for commercial, Village Mission Valley Apartments, and Canyon Hills High, has responsibility for community planning and for advising

230-636: A canyon near their home. The military has performed clearance operations as recently as 1994 and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers continues to investigate the area every five years under its FUDS Formerly Used Defense Sites program. In October 2003, Tierrasanta, among other communities in San Diego, was affected by what was known as "Firestorm 2003." This was a conglomeration of the Cedar Fire and numerous other wildfires that converged on Southern California. The residents of Tierrasanta were forced to evacuate. Nearly

276-555: A dozen homes were lost to the blaze. Shortly after, in 2004, the Tierrasanta Community Emergency Response Team (T-CERT) was created for rapid local response to natural disasters. A similar scare swept through Tierrasanta in the fall of 2007 , though residents were not required to evacuate. The developed part of Tierrasanta, which rises from west to east and includes numerous canyons, is situated like an island, not directly bordered by any other community. It

322-569: A height of 2–3 meters, with multiple layers. Some examples of the plant species that can be found are Bush monkeyflower ( Mimulus aurantiacus ), Poison oak ( Toxicodendron diversilobum ), Coffee berry ( Frangula californica ), Golden yarrow ( Eriophyllum confertiflorum ). California sagebrush ( Artemisia californica ) can be found in Coastal Sage Scrub community, especially in Orange County . Some other plant species that can be found

368-522: A portion of neighboring Mission Trails Regional Park to the City of San Diego. In the following year, the Elliott Community Plan was issued to serve as a roadmap for development going forward, and in 1971 Tierrasanta was founded. The current Tierrasanta community plan was first issued in 1982, and included both the currently developed area and much of what is now Mission Trails Regional Park. Meanwhile,

414-539: A province of New Spain . Located in present-day San Diego, California , it was founded on July 16, 1769, by Spanish friar Junípero Serra , in an area long inhabited by the Kumeyaay people . The current church, built in the early 19th century, is the fifth to stand on this location. The mission site is a National Historic Landmark . The mission and the surrounding area were named for the Catholic saint Didacus of Alcalá ,

460-534: A system of aqueducts was begun to bring water to the fields and the Mission (the first irrigation project in Upper California). The building manager was Fray Pedro Panto , who was poisoned by his Indian cook Nazario before the project was completed. In his testimony, in the trial that followed, Nazario stated that he had poisoned the friar due to constant beatings inflicted by Friar Panto. The Mission San Diego

506-554: Is also giant coreopsis ( Coreopsis gigantea ), Californian black sage ( Salvia mellifera ), California buckwheat ( Eriogonum fasciculatum ) , and Californian white sage ( Salvia apiana ). Plant species that can be found in Maritime Succulent Scrub is coast prickly pear ( Opuntia littoralis ), coast barrel cactus ( Ferocactus viridescens ), cliff spurge ( Euphorbia misera ), bush rue ( Cneoridium dumosum ), and Dudleya spp. Northern coastal scrub occurs along

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552-525: Is also open to civilians from nearby communities such as Tierrasanta. 32°49′15″N 117°5′47″W  /  32.82083°N 117.09639°W  / 32.82083; -117.09639 Mission San Diego de Alcal%C3%A1 Mission Basilica San Diego de Alcalá ( Spanish : Misión San Diego de Alcalá , lit. The Mission of Saint Didacus of Acalá ) was the second Franciscan founded mission in The Californias (after San Fernando de Velicata ),

598-544: Is bounded on the north by the Mount Soledad (52) Freeway and the sprawling southern fields of MCAS Miramar ; on the east by the 8,000-acre (32 km) Mission Trails Regional Park , which has numerous hiking and mountain biking trails; on the west by slopes overlooking the wide Interstate 15 corridor running from Friars Road to Route 52, and on the south with homes overlooking the Admiral Baker Golf Course and

644-442: Is divided into three geographical subtypes— northern coastal scrub , southern coastal scrub , and maritime succulent scrub . The coastal scrub communities are divided into three regions: The Northern Coastal Scrub consists of prairie , which is terraces with deep alluvial soils , and scrub, which is found on steeper slopes and ravine areas. Evergreen shrubs and subshrubs, which are soft leaves. They are found in semi-open with

690-583: Is mostly found along the maritime Central Coast region, and the terraces and mountains with coastal climate influence in Southern California . Its distribution extends from the southwestern San Francisco Bay Area in the north, through Big Sur , Vandenberg Air Force Base , the Oxnard Plain , the Los Angeles Basin , most of Orange County , parts of Riverside County , coastal San Diego County , and

736-525: Is within the California chaparral and woodlands ecoregion , of the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome . Coastal sage scrub is characterized by low-growing aromatic, and drought-deciduous shrubs adapted to the semi-arid Mediterranean climate of the coastal lowlands. The community is sometimes called "soft chaparral " due to the predominance of soft, drought-deciduous leaves in contrast to

782-573: The Marine Corps Air Station Miramar has vernal pools and the endemic mint Pogogyne abramsii . One of the largest remaining areas of inland coastal sage scrub is found in the Temescal Mountains of Riverside County. A few rare and endangered species occur in southern coastal scrub habitats. For example, the coastal California gnatcatcher ( Polioptila californica californica ) is a threatened bird species endemic to

828-690: The Pacific Coast from the northern San Francisco Bay Area to southern Oregon . It frequently forms a landscape mosaic with the California coastal prairie plant community. The predominant plants are low evergreen shrubs and herbs . Characteristic shrubs include coyote brush ( Baccharis pilularis ), yerba santa ( Eriodictyon californicum ), coast silk-tassel ( Garrya elliptica ), salal ( Gaultheria shallon ), and yellow bush lupine ( Lupinus arboreus ). Herbaceous species include western blue-eyed grass ( Sisyrinchium bellum ), Douglas iris ( Iris douglasiana ), and grasses . Southern coastal scrub

874-514: The Pacific coast harbors recommended by Cabrillo and Vizcaino. Two groups traveled from Lower California on foot, while a pair of packet ships (bearing supplies) traveled up the coast from the Baja California peninsula . The original mission church was destroyed by fire in 1775 during an uprising by local indigenous people. An estimated 800 "American Indians" pillaged the mission, burned it to

920-585: The Roman Catholic Church . When Mission San Diego de Alcalá was granted back to the Church, it was in ruins. In the 1880s Father Anthony Ubach began to restore the old Mission buildings. Father Ubach died in 1907 and restoration work ceased until 1931. In 1941, the Mission once again became a parish church, in what is still an active parish serving the Diocese of San Diego . In 1976, Pope Paul VI designated

966-772: The San Diego River . Community activities focus on the Tierrasanta Recreation Center, which includes lighted sports fields, a large swimming pool, tennis courts managed by the Tierrasanta Tennis Club, a gymnasium, and meeting rooms. Numerous green belts with walking paths run through the canyons, and are maintained by the Friends of the Tierrasanta Canyons. There are a number of entrances to Mission Trails Regional Park, including an entrance with parking at

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1012-610: The Vitus Bering expedition, when the territorial ambitions of Tsarist Russia towards North America became known—that King Philip V felt such installations were necessary in Upper California. In 1769, Visitador General José de Gálvez sent the expedition of Junípero Serra and Gaspar de Portolà to found missions and presidios at San Diego and Monterey (see Timeline of the Portolà expedition ), thereby securing Spain's claim to

1058-507: The War of Independence against Spain . On June 8, 1846, Mission San Diego de Alcalá was given to Santiago Argüello by Governor Pío Pico "for services rendered to the government." After the United States invaded California , the Mission was used by the military from 1846 to 1862. President Abraham Lincoln signed a proclamation on May 23, 1862, that restored ownership of the Mission proper to

1104-597: The 150 largest in the United States. The Friends of Tierrasanta Canyons is a Tierrasanta-based volunteer group that maintains the open spaces of the neighborhood's canyons. As of 2021 Tierrasanta's elected representatives included San Diego City Councilman Raul Campillo, County Supervisor Terra Lawson-Remer of District 3, State Assembly Member Brian Maienschein, Democrat, of District 77, State Senator Toni Atkins, Democrat, of District 39, and Congressman Scott Peters, Democrat, of California's 52nd District. The community has

1150-788: The City of San Diego and other government agencies on local issues. The TCC supports numerous events in the community such as the Concert in the park series, the Patriots Day Parade honoring Armed Forces Day on the third Saturday in May, Oktoberfest and other events. Dedicated open space areas and landscaped medians are maintained by the Tierrasanta Maintenance Assessment District, which was established in 1972 and most recently approved by voters in 1997. The 818 acres of Tierrasanta Open Space qualifies this urban park as one of

1196-406: The Mission church as a minor basilica . Mission San Diego de Alcalá is located within San Diego city limits, near the intersection of Interstate 8 and Interstate 15 , and approximately one mile east of Snapdragon Stadium . The goal of the missions was, above all, to become self-sufficient in relatively short order. Farming , therefore, was the most important industry of any mission. Prior to

1242-674: The coastal sage scrublands remain undeveloped. Some of the remaining southern coastal scrub in Los Angeles County can be found in dunes under the takeoff path at Los Angeles International Airport—LAX , in the coastal Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area , and at the Robert J. Bernard Field Station at the Claremont Colleges . In San Diego County, the Camp Pendleton Marine Corps Base protects larger areas, and

1288-418: The early 1990s, and in 2010 had a population of 30,443 (ZIP code 92124). Some 2,300 homes grouped in the southwest portion of town are part of the Murphy Canyon military housing complex. Tierrasanta was one of the first master planned communities in San Diego. The original Community Plan called for an eastward extension of Clairemont Mesa Boulevard, with connections to Jackson Drive on the south and Route 52 on

1334-555: The eastern end of Clairemont Mesa Boulevard. Like most of the coastal areas in Southern California, the natural habitat in the canyons and other undeveloped areas within Tierrasanta, as well as in much of MCAS Miramar and Mission Trails Regional Park, is coastal sage scrub and chaparral . As described in its 1982 Community Plan, Tierrasanta is a community of single family homes, condominiums, apartments, three shopping centers,

1380-454: The establishment of the missions, the native peoples knew how to utilize bone, seashells, stone, and wood for building, tool making, weapons, and much more. The missionaries discovered that the Indians, who regarded labor as degrading to men, had to be taught industry in order to learn how to be self-supportive. The result was the establishment of a manual training school that comprised agriculture,

1426-442: The first master plan for what was to become Mission Trails Regional Park was issued in 1976 with the aid of numerous public agencies, planning groups, and a 45-member Technical Advisory Committee. Tierrasanta's population had reached about 24,000 by 1980 and when the 1982 Plan was issued the area called Tierrasanta Norte, in the northeastern part of town, had yet to be fully developed. Tierrasanta has been almost fully built out since

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1472-524: The first surviving plantings. By at least 1781, wine was being produced at the mission. One source claims that the vineyard on mission lands reached up to fifty thousand acres. The mission vineyards were around until at least 1823. Coastal sage scrub Coastal sage scrub , also known as coastal scrub , CSS , or soft chaparral , is a low scrubland plant community of the California coastal sage and chaparral subecoregion , found in coastal California and northwestern coastal Baja California . It

1518-502: The ground and massacred a blacksmith, a carpenter (mortally wounded), and Father Jayme, who became California's first Catholic Martyr. Father Jayme is buried next to the altar in the present church. Survivors of the night-long attack were one corporal and three Leather Jacket soldiers , one blacksmith, two children who were the son and nephew of the Presidio commandant, and Associate Pastor Father Vicente Fuster. Father Serra then returned to

1564-426: The hard, waxy-cuticled leaves on sclerophyllous plants of California's chaparral communities. Characteristic shrubs and subshrubs include: Larger shrubs include: Herbaceous plants , grasses , and in some locales, cacti and succulents , are also part of the flora. Hesperoyucca whipplei , colloquially known as Chaparral Yucca, is commonplace throughout the climate zone. The coastal sage scrub plant community

1610-447: The mechanical arts, and the raising and care of livestock. Everything consumed and otherwise utilized by the natives was produced at the missions under the supervision of the padres; thus, the neophytes not only supported themselves, but after 1811 sustained the entire military and civil government of California. Wheat , corn , wine grapes, barley, beans, cattle, horses, and sheep were the major crops at San Diego. In 1795, construction on

1656-565: The mission, lies entombed beneath the chancel floor. The former Spanish settlement at the Kumeyaay Nipawai lies within that area occupied during the late Paleoindian period and continuing on into the present day by the Native society commonly known as the Diegueño ; the name denotes those people who were ministered by the padres at Mission San Diego de Alcalá. Relatively, much is known about

1702-477: The native inhabitants in recent centuries, thanks in part to the efforts of Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo , who explored the coast in the service of Spain. He documented his in the coastal villages he encountered along the Southern California coast in October 1542. Cabrillo was the first European to set foot in what is now the state of California and the first to encounter San Diego Bay . On the evening of September 28, 1542,

1748-529: The neighborhood of North Park) lies directly on one portion of the boundary and draws its name from it. The first vineyards planted in California were planted at the mission in 1769. Father Junípero Serra planted these initial vines. The vines were of the Mission variety, which were brought to Mexico in the 16th century. Unfortunately, the initial plantings did not survive, with Mission San Juan Capistrano having

1794-404: The north. However, there long was opposition to the plan due to expected increased high speed traffic. The 2019 Master Plan Update to Mission Trails Regional Park apparently settled the issue when it declared the plan to no longer be implementable due to resource management requirements. In addition, there was supposed to be a connection from Tierrasanta Boulevard to Princess View Drive, but this

1840-522: The northwestern region of Baja California state in Mexico, including the areas around Tijuana and Ensenada . The metropolitan areas of Los Angeles , San Diego , and Tijuana are located in the southern coastal scrublands, and most of the scrublands have been lost to urbanization and agriculture . The plants of this community prefer the mild maritime climates found along Southern California's coastline. World Wildlife Fund estimates that only 15 percent of

1886-563: The port was renamed " San Diego de Alcalá ". It would be another 167 years before the Spanish returned to San Diego. Ever since the voyages of Christopher Columbus , the Kingdom of Spain sought to establish missions to convert the pagans in Nueva España (" New Spain ") to Roman Catholicism to save souls and to facilitate colonization of these lands. However, it was not until 1741—the time of

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1932-525: The ships San Salvador and Victoria sailed into the harbor, whereupon Cabrillo christened it " San Miguel ". During that expedition a landing party went ashore and briefly interacted with a small group of natives. Some sixty years later another Spanish explorer, Sebastián Vizcaíno , made landfall some ten miles from the present Mission site. Under Vizcaíno's command the San Diego , Santo Tomás , and frigate Tres Reyes dropped anchor on November 10, 1602, and

1978-524: The site of the original structure in 1776 to oversee the rebuilding of the mission. However, the scarce amount of water and the difficulty of making the land until (feasible for preparing crops to be planted by plowing and fertilizing) made the re-establishment of the mission a long and difficult process. From 1778 to 1795, the mission focused on horse and mule breeding, providing other missions in Alta and Baja California an average of 16 animals per year. After it

2024-411: Was never constructed. There are also no plans to connect the two Santo Road segments. Because of the area's history as a military training base, some military debris including unexploded ordnance remained in the area when it was developed, in spite of multiple cleanup efforts by different branches of the services. In 1983 two 8-year-old Tierrasanta boys were killed after discovering unexploded ordnance in

2070-399: Was primarily supported from lands included in a Spanish royal land grant, encompassing roughly the eastern third of the current City of San Diego, as well as most of the cities of La Mesa and Lemon Grove. While not exact, its boundaries are roughly Interstate 805 , Miramar Road, California State Route 125 , Skyline Drive and Division Street. Boundary Street (which parallels Interstate 805 in

2116-453: Was restored as a Catholic mission, Mission San Diego de Alcalá saw a record number of spiritual results recorded when 567 baptisms were performed, and neophytes numbered 908. On August 9, 1834, Governor Figueroa issued his " Decree of Confiscation ". The missions were offered for sale to citizens, who were unable to come up with the price, so all mission property was broken up into ranchos and given to ex-military officers who had fought in

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