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49-505: The Nevadan is a 1950 American Cinecolor Western film directed by Gordon Douglas and starring Randolph Scott , Dorothy Malone , Forrest Tucker , Frank Faylen , and George Macready . Written by George W. George and George F. Slavin, the film is about a mysterious stranger who crosses paths with an outlaw bank robber and a greedy rancher. The Nevadan was filmed in Lone Pine, California . United States Marshal Andrew Barclay arranges

98-468: A honeydew melon . In 1990, Crayola named and formulated a specific tone called jungle green . The first recorded use of jungle green as a name of a color in the English language was in 1926. Kelly green is an intense, pure green named after the common Irish family name, Kelly . It evokes the lush green Irish meadows and is also commonly associated with St. Patrick's Day . The color kombu green

147-721: A SuperCinecolor credit was The Diamond Queen , released by Warner Bros. in November 1953. Thereafter, "Color by Color Corp. of America" was used for films like Shark River (1953) and Top Banana (1954). Color Corporation of America was bought out on April 8, 1954 by Houston Color Film Laboratories, which processed Anscocolor at its plant in Los Angeles, and Houston Fearless Corp., which made processing and developing equipment. It became strictly an Anscocolor processor. Color Corp. sold its film processing laboratory in mid-1955 to provide its television and motion picture equipment-making division

196-438: A bipack color process, the photographer loaded a standard camera with two film stocks: an orthochromatic strip dyed orange-red and a panchromatic strip behind it. The orthochromatic film stock recorded only blue and green, and its orange-red dye (analogous to a Wratten 23-A filter) filters out everything but orange and red light to the panchromatic film stock. Since the distance to the two film emulsions differed in depth from

245-608: A darker shade. See the chart Color names that clash between X11 and HTML/CSS in the X11 color names article to see those colors which are different in HTML and X11. Green takes up a large portion of the CIE chromaticity diagram because it is in the central area of human color perception. The color defined as green in HTML/CSS color standard is the color called green, low green, or medium green in many of

294-415: A dye-coupler already built into the film base, rather than the application of chemical toner. In October 1947 Cinecolor bought a film production company, Film Classics , to promote its color process in its own feature films. Joseph Bernhard, president of Film Classics, became vice president of Cinecolor. Seven months later, Cinecolor president and founder William Crespinel stepped down, and Bernhard assumed

343-519: A foot for Cinecolor vs. 5.97 cents a foot for Technicolor). International Projectionist noted that "Cinecolor's service charges are also lower than Technicolor's, and the cost differential on a standard feature will exceed $ 50,000 by the time prints have been made, an important sum for a low-budget picture." When more producers opted for Cinecolor, the company was able to reduce the cost of printing, which made Cinecolor an even more attractive option. Cinecolor's erstwhile principal investor, William Loss,

392-534: A fresh one. He continues on to the nearby town of Twin Forks, which is run by Karen's father, Edward Galt. At the local saloon, Barclay sees Tanner who pretends not to know him. Galt watches their exchange and later questions Barclay about Tanner's stolen gold, which was never discovered following the robbery. When Barclay denies knowing Tanner, Galt orders his henchmen to beat him up. Later that night, Tanner kills an intruder in his room. In an effort to force Tanner to reveal

441-517: A green or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black. A large selection of these various colors is shown below. The color defined as green in the RGB color model is the brightest green that can be reproduced on a computer screen, and is the color named green in X11 . It is one of the three primary colors used in the RGB color space along with red and blue . The three additive primaries in

490-542: A head start on their escape. Galt catches up with his daughter and has her put in custody while he and the others track Barclay and Tanner to an old mine shaft where Tanner has hidden the stolen gold. During the ensuing gunfight, Galt and his men are killed. Barclay reveals that Tanner was allowed to escape so that the gold could be retrieved. When the mine shaft caves in, Barclay overcomes Tanner and takes his prisoner back to jail. Karen knows he will return to her because he has left his horse in her care. Cinecolor As

539-407: A laboratory in which to test its equipment, and the corporation was dissolved. Dark green This is an accepted version of this page Varieties of the color green may differ in hue , chroma (also called saturation or intensity) or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness ), or in two or three of these qualities. Variations in value are also called tints and shades , a tint being

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588-466: A position halfway between chartreuse and green. Thus in modern color terminology, harlequin is the color halfway between green and chartreuse green on the RGB color wheel. The first recorded use of harlequin as a color name in English was in 1923. Harlequin is a pure spectral color at approximately 552 nanometers on the visible spectrum when plotted on the CIE chromaticity diagram . Silver Patron tequila

637-415: A single emulsion, the camera's lens focus had to be adjusted and a special film gate added to accommodate a bi-pack negative. In the laboratory, the negatives were developed and the orange-red dye removed. The prints were made on duplitized film and developed as black and white positives. One side containing the red-orange filtered recorded and the soundtrack was toned blue-green; the other side containing

686-453: Is a representation of the color of kombu , edible kelp from the family Laminariaceae widely eaten in East Asia . The source of this color is the " Pantone Textile Paper eXtended (TPX)" color list, color #19-0417 TPX—Kombu Green. Laurel green is a medium light hue of chartreuish gray similar to asparagus , but lighter. The first recorded use of laurel green as a name of a color in

735-509: Is based on the opponent process theory of vision. The Natural Color System is widely used in Scandinavia . The Munsell color system (Munsell 5G) includes a color defined as green . The Munsell color system is a color space that specifies colors based on three color dimensions: hue, value ( lightness ), and chroma (color purity), spaced uniformly in three dimensions in the elongated oval at an angle shaped Munsell color solid according to

784-466: Is involved in photosynthesis . Many shades of green have been named after plants or are related to plants. Due to varying ratios of chlorophylls (and different amounts as well as other plant pigments being present), the plant kingdom exhibits many shades of green in both hue (true color) and value (lightness/darkness). The chlorophylls in living plants have distinctive green colors, while dried or cooked portions of plants are different shades of green due to

833-502: Is only approximate as the colors of printing inks may vary. The color displayed is an approximation of the CMYK color on an RGB screen, and cannot replicate the color accurately. The color defined as green in the NCS or Natural Color System is NCS 2060-G. The natural color system is a color system based on the four unique hues or psychological primary colors red, yellow, green, and blue. The NCS

882-521: Is perpetuated by 16 mm, regular-process Cinecolor prints in which those elements are an issue. Cinecolor Corp. operated at a net loss from 1950 to 1954, partly because the weak financial position of its division in England made it necessary for the parent company to refinance it and partly because of its own operating losses. The last American feature released in Cinecolor was Allied Artists ' Pride of

931-410: Is sold in harlequin-colored boxes. Harlequin is also an adjective used to describe something that is colored in a pattern, usually a diamond-shaped pattern, as in the dress traditionally associated with harlequins . Similarly, it can mean anything multicolored or prismatic, such as opals or other precious gems which are highly variegated in color and hue. In the early 2000s, a harlequin color paint

980-465: Is the "Pantone Textile Paper eXtended (TPX)" color list, color # green C, EC, HC, PC, U, or UP—green. Green (Crayola) is the color called green in Crayola crayons. Green was one of the original Crayola crayons introduced in 1903. This is the X11 /HTML color dark green . Light green is a light tint of green. Lime green is a vivid, yellowish shade of green named after the lime fruit . This

1029-422: Is the color bright green . This is the X11 /HTML color pale green . The first recorded use of erin as a color name was in 1922. Harlequin is a color described as being located between green and yellow (closer to green than to yellow) on the color wheel. On color plate 17 in the 1930 book A Dictionary of Color (see reference below), the color harlequin is shown as being a highly saturated rich color at

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1078-581: The Kinemacolor Corporation in 1906 and went to New York in 1913 to work with Kinemacolor 's American unit. After that company folded in 1916, he worked for Prizma , another color film company, founded by William Van Doren Kelley. He later worked for Multicolor and patented several inventions in the field of color cinematography. After leaving Multicolor, Crespinel co-founded the Colorfilm Corporation of California in 1932. By May 1932,

1127-544: The RKO Radio release Isle of Destiny and the Monogram Pictures release The Gentleman from Arizona -- was not enough to keep the company solvent, and Cinecolor went into voluntary bankruptcy in 1942. An upsurge in commercial and industrial films made in color improved the company's balance sheet, and in 1942 home-movie distributor Castle Films expanded the Cinecolor line to the 16mm and 8mm film formats, reprinting

1176-467: The logarithmic scale which governs human perception . In order for all the colors to be spaced uniformly, it was found necessary to use a color wheel with five primary colors—red, yellow, green, blue, and purple. The Munsell colors displayed are only approximate as they have been adjusted to fit into the sRGB gamut. Green (Pantone) is the color that is called green in Pantone . The source of this color

1225-450: The 1967 colors that were assigned separately to each service. The first recorded use of apple green as a color name in English was in 1648. This is the color called artichoke green in Pantone . The source is Pantone 18-0125 TPX. Evergreen is a color that resembles evergreens . It is currently unknown when evergreen was first used as a color name. Fern green is a color that resembles ferns . A Crayola crayon named fern

1274-607: The Beast (1934); two of MGM's Happy Harmonies cartoons, The Discontented Canary (1934) and The Old Pioneer (1934); and the Iwerks fairytale cartoons that began in November 1933. Cartoon producers returned to Cinecolor in the late 1940s: the Warner Bros. Looney Tunes ; many of Famous Studios ' late-1940s Popeye the Sailor cartoons; and Screen Gems ' Phantasies of 1947-1949. Cinecolor

1323-760: The Blue Grass (1954). Donner Corporation, a private investment organization, acquired Cinecolor Corp. in June 1952. In 1953, it became the Color Corporation of America , specialized in SuperCinecolor printing, and was a major Anscocolor processor. It also made Eastmancolor prints and did commercial film processing and printing of non-theatrical films, and black-and-white film processing for television. To stimulate its theatrical film business, Color Corp. financed independent movie producers. The last theatrical feature with

1372-553: The Cinecolor presidency on May 15, 1948. Entering the production field proved to be a risky move, as Film Classics' original productions weren't successful enough to sustain the studio, which left the scene in 1951. Meanwhile, on the technical front, 1948 was important for the Cinecolor Corporation, which introduced a new supersensitive negative stock that cut back on the on-set lighting costs by 50 percent and 1,000-foot (300 m) camera film magazines. Combined, they reduced

1421-500: The RGB color system are the three colors of light chosen such as to provide the maximum range of colors that are capable of being represented on a computer or television set. This color is also called regular green . It is at precisely 120 degrees on the HSV color wheel , also known as the RGB color wheel ( Image of RGB color wheel ). Its complementary color is magenta . HTML/CSS uses the name lime for this color, using green to refer to

1470-537: The Ub Iwerks ComiColor cartoons until 1951. Cinecolor emerged from bankruptcy in October 1944, with all creditors paid in full. Its stock price (only four cents a share in 1943) jumped to $ 8.50 in 1946. Lower-budgeted companies such as Monogram, Producers Releasing Corporation , and Screen Guild Productions were Cinecolor's chief contractors in the mid-1940s. A 1945 PRC Cinecolor release, The Enchanted Forest ,

1519-455: The blue-green record was toned red-orange. Cinecolor could produce vibrant reds, oranges, blues, browns and flesh tones, but its renderings of other colors such as bright greens (rendered dark green ) and purples (rendered a sort of dark magenta ) were muted. The Cinecolor process was invented in 1932 by the English-born cinematographer William Thomas Crespinel (1890–1987), who joined

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1568-652: The chlorophyll molecules losing their inner magnesium ion. Apple green is a representation of the color of the outer skin of a Granny Smith apple . A darker version of this color has been used for the IRT Lexington Avenue Line since June 1979, when the NYCTA decided to assign line colors to all the routes within the major trunk lines in the Central Business District , plus different colors for services not entering Manhattan . By doing this, they scrapped

1617-812: The cost of shooting in Cinecolor to only 10 percent more than black and white. Cinecolor's Alan Gundelfinger developed a three-color process called SuperCinecolor in 1948. but did not begin using it until 1951 with The Sword of Monte Cristo . Other films of note that used the SuperCinecolor process were Abbott and Costello Meet Captain Kidd (1952), Jack and the Beanstalk (1952), Invaders From Mars (1953), Gog (1954), and Top Banana (1954). The latter two were both also filmed in 3-D . SuperCinecolor used black-and-white separations produced from monopack color negatives made with Ansco/Agfa , DuPont , Kodachrome , or Eastmancolor film, for principal photography. After

1666-494: The escape horses used by Tanner and Barclay as belonging to his ranch. Later he questions his daughter about them, and she reveals Barclay's secret, unaware that her father is after the gold himself. When Karen overhears Galt plotting with his henchmen, she realizes that Barclay's life is in danger and rides to the hideout to warn him. One of Galt's men follows her and summons the others to the old Galt ranch. When they arrive, Karen meets them with gunfire, which gives Barclay and Tanner

1715-412: The escape of outlaw Tom Tanner in order to locate the $ 250,000 in gold stolen by Tanner in a stagecoach robbery. Tanner notices he's being followed by Barclay, whose appearance suggests he is a greenhorn. Tanner ambushes Barclay and forces him to trade clothes and accompany him to a bank, where Tanner retrieves an envelope containing a map from a safe deposit box showing the location of the stolen gold. On

1764-594: The final print. Printing SuperCinecolor was not difficult, as it was engineered to use the old process' equipment. Using duplitized stock, one side contained a silver emulsion toned red-magenta and, on the other side, cyan-blue. A yellow layer was added on the blue side by imbibition. The soundtrack was subsequently applied on the blue-yellow side in a blue soundtrack but separate from those records. The final prints had vivid dyes that did not fade and were of acceptable grain structure and sharp in focus. The common perception of Cinecolor prints being grainy and not easily focused

1813-433: The location of the gold, Galt sets him up, making it look like cold-blooded murder rather than self defense. After being taken to jail, Tanner escapes with the help of Barclay after agreeing to share the gold. The two men ride out to the old Galt ranch, now used as a pasture for sick horses. When Karen discovers them hiding there, Barclay takes her aside and reveals that he is in fact a U.S. Marshal. Meanwhile, Galt recognizes

1862-491: The main color palette in those films consisted of blues, browns, and reds, and so the system's limitations were less apparent. Republic Pictures began using CFI 's Trucolor from the end of 1946 for a variety of films ranging from Westerns and travelogues to major productions (the life of Richard Wagner , Magic Fire ; and the battle of the Alamo , The Last Command ). Trucolor differed from Cinecolor, however, in that it used

1911-625: The name of the company was changed to Cinecolor, Inc. (later Cinecolor Corporation ). William Loss, a director of the Citizens Traction Company in New York, was its principal investor. The company bought four acres of land in Burbank, California for its processing plant. Crespinel retired as president of Cinecolor in 1948. The company was largely founded on the patents and equipment of William Van Doren Kelley and his Prizma Color system, and

1960-421: The negative was edited, it was copied through color filters into three black-and-white negatives. An oddity of the system was that rather than using cyan, magenta, and yellow primary subtractive colors, SuperCinecolor printed its films with red, blue and yellow matrices to create a system that was compatible with the previous printers. The result of the combination of the color spectra was an oddly striking look to

2009-524: The older eight-bit computer palettes . Another name for this color is green W3C or office green . The color defined as green in the CMYK color system used in printing , also known as pigment green , is the tone of green that is achieved by mixing process (printer's) cyan and process (printer's) yellow in equal proportions. The purpose of the CMYK color system is to provide the maximum possible gamut of color reproducible in printing. The color indicated

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2058-459: The road, Tanner and Barclay are stopped by two brothers, Jeff and Bart, who pull their guns and demand the map. To Tanner's surprise, Barclay disarms the brothers and takes their horses. Later he explains that he is a fugitive just like Tanner and proposes that they work together as a team. That night, while Barclay is asleep, Tanner rides on without him. The next day, Barclay stops at a ranch owned by beautiful Karen Galt and trades his lame horse for

2107-662: Was also prominently employed in processing Paramount's Popular Science series of live-action shorts, although later prints were made by Consolidated Film Industries using its two-color Magnacolor process. The first feature-length pictures released in Cinecolor were the documentary feature Sweden, Land of the Vikings (1934) and the independently made western The Phantom of Santa Fe (1936, but filmed in Multicolor in 1931 and starring Multicolor executive Wallace MacDonald ). A short-term burst of feature-film activity in 1939 -- yielding

2156-419: Was created in 1998. The first recorded use of fern green as a color name in English was in 1902. Forest green refers to a green color said to resemble the color of the trees and other plants in a forest . The first recorded use of forest green as the name of a color in the English language was in 1810. The color honeydew is a pale, greenish off-white based on the color of the interior flesh of

2205-524: Was in direct competition with Multicolor, which folded in 1932, and Cinecolor then bought its equipment. Although its color spectrum was limited by comparison, Cinecolor had several advantages over Technicolor: color rushes were available within 24 hours (Technicolor took four days or more); the process itself cost only 25% more than black-and-white photography (the price lowered as larger amounts of Cinecolor film stock were bought), and it could be used in modified black-and-white cameras. Before 1945, Cinecolor

2254-432: Was invented for automobiles that appears different colors from different angles of view . Neon green is a bright tone of green used in psychedelic art and in fashion. Neon green became a signature of English singer/songwriter Charli XCX with the release of her 2024 album Brat . Green is common in nature, especially in plants. Many plants are green mainly because of a complex chemical known as chlorophyll which

2303-647: Was now the company's vice president and general manager, and he promoted Cinecolor to Hollywood producers. The first to adopt an all-Cinecolor policy was pioneer comedy producer Hal Roach , who made all of his postwar featurettes in Cinecolor beginning in 1947. Other studios followed Roach's lead, and Cinecolor enjoyed a popular vogue in the mid- to late 1940s with such features as MGM 's Gallant Bess (1946), Columbia 's costume adventure The Gallant Blade (1948), and Eagle-Lion 's Northwest Stampede (1948) and its Red Ryder westerns (1949). Most features made in Cinecolor were outdoor adventures and westerns, because

2352-414: Was the studio's highest-grossing film, and PRC's series of Cinecolor westerns with Eddie Dean attracted attention among exhibitors. Screen Guild's Scared to Death (1947) featured Bela Lugosi . The commercial and critical success of those films led both major and minor studios to use Cinecolor as a money-saving measure. Cinecolor 35mm film stock cost about 25% less than Technicolor (in 1946, 4.5 cents

2401-531: Was used almost exclusively for short subjects. From 1932 to 1935, at least 22 cartoons were filmed in Cinecolor, including Hugh Harman and Rudolf Ising for MGM ; and the Comicolor cartoons by Ub Iwerks , for independent distributor Pat Powers . Notable Cinecolor cartoons were Betty Boop in Fleischer Studios' Poor Cinderella (1934); two Merrie Melodies cartoons, Honeymoon Hotel (1934) and Beauty and

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