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35-562: Tennet may refer to: Tennet people , an ethnic group in South Sudan Tennet language , the language of the Tennet people TenneT , the national electricity transmission system operator of the Netherlands, and in parts of Germany See also [ edit ] Tenet (disambiguation) Tenneti (disambiguation) Topics referred to by

70-524: A fundamental frequency . This may be derived by proceeding with the principle that historically gives the Pythagorean diatonic and chromatic scales, stacking perfect fifths with 3:2 frequency proportions (C–G–D–A–E). Considering the anhemitonic scale as a subset of a just diatonic scale , it is tuned thus: 20:24:27:30:36 (A–C–D–E–G = 5 ⁄ 6 – 1 ⁄ 1 – 9 ⁄ 8 – 5 ⁄ 4 – 3 ⁄ 2 ). (A minor seventh can be 7:4, 16:9, or 9:5;

105-525: A guitar uses the notes of an E minor pentatonic scale: E–A–D–G–B–E, contributing to its frequency in popular music. Stevie Wonder employed the minor pentatonic for the funky clavinet riff on the track " Superstition " (1972). The Japanese mode is based on the Phrygian mode , but uses scale tones 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 instead of scale tones 1, 3, 4, 5, and 7. The pentatonic scale (containing notes C, D, E, G and A) has five modes, which are derived by treating

140-410: A C major scale , for example, one might omit the fourth and the seventh scale degrees , F and B. The remaining notes then make up the major pentatonic scale: C, D, E, G, and A. Omitting the third and seventh degrees of the C major scale obtains the notes for another transpositionally equivalent anhemitonic pentatonic scale: F, G, A, C, D. Omitting the first and fourth degrees of the C major scale gives

175-441: A different note as the tonic : Ricker assigned the major pentatonic scale mode I while Gilchrist assigned it mode III. Each mode of the pentatonic scale (containing notes C, D, E, G and A) can be thought of as the five scale degrees shared by three different diatonic modes with the two remaining scale degrees removed: Each mode of the pentatonic scale (containing notes C, D, E, G and A) features different intervals of notes from

210-425: A gapped or incomplete major scale, using scale tones 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 of the major scale. One construction takes five consecutive pitches from the circle of fifths ; starting on C, these are C, G, D, A, and E. Rearranging the pitches to fit into one octave creates the major pentatonic scale: C, D, E, G, A. Another construction works backward: It omits two pitches from a diatonic scale . If one were to begin with

245-493: A heavy emphasis on developing creativity through improvisation in children, largely through use of the pentatonic scale. Orff instruments , such as xylophones , bells and other metallophones , use wooden bars, metal bars or bells, which can be removed by the teacher, leaving only those corresponding to the pentatonic scale, which Carl Orff himself believed to be children's native tonality. Children begin improvising using only these bars, and over time, more bars are added at

280-534: A larger group, which also included what are now Murle , Didinga , and Laarim Boya , the other members of the Southwest Surmic language family. Members of a hunting party speared an oribi , but after cooking it, they drank the broth themselves instead of giving it to the elders according to custom. A disagreement arose, and in the end, they separated, splitting into four smaller groups. The other three groups have similar stories. Some estimates place this event in

315-461: A major sixth can be 27:16 or 5:3. Both were chosen to minimize ratio parts.) Assigning precise frequency proportions to the pentatonic scales of most cultures is problematic as tuning may be variable. For example, the slendro anhemitonic scale and its modes of Java and Bali are said to approach, very roughly, an equally-tempered five-note scale, but their tunings vary dramatically from gamelan to gamelan. Composer Lou Harrison has been one of

350-456: A third anhemitonic pentatonic scale: G, A, B, D, E. The black keys on a piano keyboard comprise a G-flat (or equivalently, F-sharp) major pentatonic scale: G-flat, A-flat, B-flat, D-flat, and E-flat, which is exploited in Chopin 's black key étude . Although various hemitonic pentatonic scales might be called minor , the term is most commonly applied to the relative minor pentatonic derived from

385-474: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Language and nationality disambiguation pages Tennet people The majority of the Tennets are reported to be bilingual. They speak the languages of the neighbouring communities. They are bordered by Lopit to the east and west, Pari to the northwest, Greater Pibor and Bor to the north, and Toposa and Laarim to

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420-467: Is generally played using one of three five-tone subsets known as pathet , in which certain notes are avoided while others are emphasized. Somali music uses a distinct modal system that is pentatonic, with characteristically long intervals between some notes. As with many other aspects of Somali culture and tradition, tastes in music and lyrics are strongly linked with those in nearby Ethiopia , Eritrea , Djibouti and Sudan . In Scottish music ,

455-417: Is hexatonic. Jazz music commonly uses both the major and the minor pentatonic scales. Pentatonic scales are useful for improvisers in modern jazz, pop, and rock contexts because they work well over several chords diatonic to the same key, often better than the parent scale. For example, the blues scale is predominantly derived from the minor pentatonic scale, a very popular scale for improvisation in

490-695: Is so well known that I'm sure you could give me examples of it, from all corners of the earth, as from Scotland, or from China, or from Africa, and from American Indian cultures, from East Indian cultures, from Central and South America, Australia, Finland ...now, that is a true musico-linguistic universal." There are two types of pentatonic scales: those with semitones (hemitonic) and those without (anhemitonic). Musicology commonly classifies pentatonic scales as either hemitonic or anhemitonic . Hemitonic scales contain one or more semitones and anhemitonic scales do not contain semitones. (For example, in Japanese music

525-467: Is the basic scale of the music of China and the music of Mongolia as well as many Southeast Asian musical traditions such as that of the Karen people as well as the indigenous Assamese ethnic groups. The pentatonic scale predominates most Eastern countries as opposed to Western countries where the heptatonic scale is more commonly used. The fundamental tones (without meri or kari techniques) rendered by

560-496: Is used in Appalachian folk music . Blackfoot music most often uses anhemitonic tetratonic or pentatonic scales. In Andean music , the pentatonic scale is used substantially minor, sometimes major, and seldom in scale. In the most ancient genres of Andean music being performed without string instruments (only with winds and percussion ), pentatonic melody is often led with parallel fifths and fourths , so formally this music

595-522: The harmonization of a pentatonic melody does not necessarily have to be derived from only the pentatonic pitches. Most Tuareg songs are pentatonic, as is most other music from the Sahel and Sudan regions. The pentatonic scale plays a significant role in music education , particularly in Orff-based , Kodály-based , and Waldorf methodologies at the primary or elementary level. The Orff system places

630-1342: The "Black Key" etude, in the major pentatonic. Western Impressionistic composers such as French composer Claude Debussy and Maurice Ravel used the pentatonic scale extensively in their works. Giacomo Puccini used pentatonic scales in his operas Madama Butterfly and Turandot to imitate east Asian musical styles. Puccini also used whole-tone scales in the former to evoke similar ideas. Indian classical music has hundreds of ragas, of which many are pentatonic. Examples include Raag Abhogi Kanada (C, D, E-flat, F, A), Raag Bhupali (C, D, E, G, A), Raag Bairagi (C, D-flat, F, G, B-flat), Raag Chandrakauns (C, E-flat, F, A-flat, B), Raag Dhani (C, E-flat, F, G, B-flat), Raag Durga (C, D, F, G, A), Raag Gunakari (C, D-flat, F, G, A-flat), Raag Hamsadhwani (C, D, E, G, B), Raag Hindol (C, E, F#, A, B), Raag Kalavati (C, E, G, A, B-flat), Raag Katyayani (C, D, E-flat, G, A-flat), Raag Malkauns (C, E-flat, F, A-flat, B-flat), Raag Megh (C, D, F, G, B-flat), Raag Shivaranjani (C, D, E-flat, G, A), Raag Shuddha Sarang (C, D, F#, G, B), Raag Tilang (C, E, F, G, B), Raag Vibhas (C, D-flat, E, G, A-flat), Raag Vrindavani Sarang (C, D, F, G, B), and others. (For Tamil Music System, See here - Ancient Tamil music#Evolution of panns ) The major pentatonic scale

665-508: The anhemitonic yo scale is contrasted with the hemitonic in scale .) Hemitonic pentatonic scales are also called "ditonic scales", because the largest interval in them is the ditone (e.g., in the scale C–E–F–G–B–C, the interval found between C–E and G–B). (This should not be confused with the identical term also used by musicologists to describe a scale including only two notes.) Anhemitonic pentatonic scales can be constructed in many ways. The major pentatonic scale may be thought of as

700-444: The corresponding relative minor pentatonic, scale tones 1, ♭ 3, 4, 5, ♭ 7 work the same way, either as minor triad tones (1, ♭ 3, 5) or as common extensions (4, ♭ 7), as they all avoid being a half step from a chord tone. U.S. military cadences , or jodies , which keep soldiers in step while marching or running, also typically use pentatonic scales. Hymns and other religious music sometimes use

735-581: The early nineteenth century. The Tennet learned ironworking from the Bari people. However, during Sudan's civil wars , blacksmith activity decreased. Tennet is a Nilo-Saharan , Eastern Sudanic , Surmic language. It has several of the features common in other Surmic languages: Implosive consonants , multiple strategies for marking numbers on nouns, a marked nominative case system, and VSO order but sentence-final question words. The Tennet people practice swidden agriculture . They grow sorghum mostly on

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770-543: The fifth is often sung and played in early childhood; progressively smaller intervals are emphasized within primarily pentatonic as children progress through the early school years. At around nine years of age the music begins to center on first folk music using a six-tone scale, and then the modern diatonic scales, with the goal of reflecting the children's developmental progress in their musical experience. Pentatonic instruments used include lyres, pentatonic flutes, and tone bars; special instruments have been designed and built for

805-491: The five holes of the Japanese shakuhachi flute play a minor pentatonic scale. The yo scale used in Japanese shomyo Buddhist chants and gagaku imperial court music is an anhemitonic pentatonic scale shown below, which is the fourth mode of the major pentatonic scale. In Javanese gamelan music, the slendro scale has five tones, of which four are emphasized in classical music. Another scale, pelog , has seven tones, and

840-563: The major pentatonic, using scale tones 1, ♭ 3, 4, 5, and ♭ 7 of the natural minor scale . (It may also be considered a gapped blues scale .) The C minor pentatonic scale, the relative minor of the E-flat pentatonic scale, is C, E-flat, F, G, B-flat. The A minor pentatonic, the relative minor of C pentatonic, comprises the same tones as the C major pentatonic, starting on A, giving A, C, D, E, G. This minor pentatonic contains all three tones of an A minor triad. The standard tuning of

875-810: The most recent proponents and developers of new pentatonic scales based on historical models. Harrison and William Colvig tuned the slendro scale of the gamelan Si Betty to overtones 16:19:21:24:28 ( 1 ⁄ 1 – 19 ⁄ 16 – 21 ⁄ 16 – 3 ⁄ 2 – 7 ⁄ 4 ). They tuned the Mills gamelan so that the intervals between scale steps are 8:7 – 7:6 – 9:8 –8:7–7:6 ( 1 ⁄ 1 – 8 ⁄ 7 – 4 ⁄ 3 – 3 ⁄ 2 – 12 ⁄ 7 – 2 ⁄ 1 = 42:48:56:63:72) Pentatonic scales occur in many musical traditions: Examples of its use include: Beethoven , Quartet in F major, Op. 135 , finale: Chopin 's Etude in G-flat major, Op. 10, No. 5 ,

910-471: The northeast. They have, nevertheless, maintained a strong ethnic identity and resisted absorption by neighbouring communities by conserving their culture and language. They are still using Tennet. The Tennet home area consists of fifteen (15) villages in the north of Torit in Eastern Equatoria . Tennet population is estimated at 30,000 people. The Tennet have an account of how they were once part of

945-665: The pentatonic scale is very common. Seumas MacNeill suggests that the Great Highland bagpipe scale with its augmented fourth and diminished seventh is "a device to produce as many pentatonic scales as possible from its nine notes" (although these two features are not in the same scale) . Roderick Cannon explains these pentatonic scales and their use in more detail, both in Piobaireachd and light music. It also features in Irish traditional music , either purely or almost so. The minor pentatonic

980-509: The pentatonic scale; for example, the melody of the hymn " Amazing Grace ", one of the most famous pieces in religious music. The common pentatonic major and minor scales (C-D-E-G-A and C-E ♭ -F-G-B ♭ , respectively) are useful in modal composing, as both scales allow a melody to be modally ambiguous between their respective major ( Ionian , Lydian , Mixolydian ) and minor ( Aeolian , Phrygian , Dorian ) modes ( Locrian excluded). With either modal or non-modal writing, however,

1015-481: The plains below the villages, but they also cultivate fields on the mountainsides. They raise cattle, which are the main measure of wealth and are used for bride wealth , and they also hunt, fish, and raise goats and sheep. However, they are primarily dependent on sorghum, and drought can cause severe food shortages. The Tennet communities are governed by the ruling age set, called the Machigi Looch , (this word means

1050-471: The realms of blues and rock alike. For instance, over a C major triad (C, E, G) in the key of C major, the note F can be perceived as dissonant as it is a half step above the major third (E) of the chord. It is for this reason commonly avoided. Using the major pentatonic scale is an easy way out of this problem. The scale tones 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 (from the major pentatonic) are either major triad tones (1, 3, 5) or common consonant extensions (2, 6) of major triads. For

1085-482: The rulers and the owners of the land). The Members of the Machigi Looch are young men who are old enough to participate in warfare (cattle raiding and defence of the village). They make decisions, but they are also held accountable by the retired Machigi Looch, the elders. A new group of Machigi Looch is initiated about every twelve years. Tennet music is pentatonic which is "Rugumon" . Carved flutes are common around

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1120-409: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Tennet . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tennet&oldid=1034904113 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

1155-508: The teacher's discretion until the complete diatonic scale is being used. Orff believed that the use of the pentatonic scale at such a young age was appropriate to the development of each child, since the nature of the scale meant that it was impossible for the child to make any real harmonic mistakes. In Waldorf education, pentatonic music is considered to be appropriate for young children due to its simplicity and unselfconscious openness of expression. Pentatonic music centered on intervals of

1190-475: The tonic according to the table below. Note the omission of the semitones above (m2) and below (M7) the tonic as well as the tritone (TT). Ben Johnston gives the following Pythagorean tuning for the minor pentatonic scale: Naturals in that table are not the alphabetic series A to G without sharps and flats: Naturals are reciprocals of terms in the Harmonic series (mathematics) , which are in practice multiples of

1225-467: The villages, and drums are used during dances. Pentatonic scale A pentatonic scale is a musical scale with five notes per octave , in contrast to heptatonic scales , which have seven notes per octave (such as the major scale and minor scale ). Pentatonic scales were developed independently by many ancient civilizations and are still used in various musical styles to this day. As Leonard Bernstein put it: "the universality of this scale

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