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89-463: The Tel Aviv Museum of Art was established in 1932 in a building at 16 Rothschild Boulevard that was the former home of Tel Aviv's first mayor, Meir Dizengoff , who had donated the property for a museum in memory of his wife, Zina, following her death in 1930. On 14 May 1948, 250 delegates quietly gathered at the museum for the historic signing of the Israeli Declaration of Independence . In 1971,

178-535: A Google doodle celebrating Klimt's painting The Kiss on his 150th birthday, 14 July 2012. In 2012, the Austrian Mint began a five-coin gold series to coincide with the 150th anniversary of Klimt's birth. The first 50 Euro gold coin was issued on 25 January 2012 and featured a portrait of Klimt on the obverse and a portion of his painting of Adele Bloch-Bauer. In 2013, the Gustav Klimt Foundation

267-735: A "gala edition" bound in gilt leather. The set contains detailed images from previously released works (Hygeia from the University Mural Medicine , 1901; a section of the third University Mural Jurisprudence , 1903), as well as the unfinished paintings ( Adam and Eve , Bridal Progress ). In 1963, the Albertina museum in Vienna began researching the drawings of Gustav Klimt. The research project Gustav Klimt. Die Zeichnungen , has since been associated with intensive exhibition and publication activities. Between 1980 and 1984 Alice Strobl published

356-427: A ceremonial speech with Churchill, Dizengoff declared: “this small town of Tel Aviv, which is hardly 12 years old, has been conquered by us on sand dunes, and we have built it with our work and our exertions.” Churchill was impressed with the motivation and determination of the pioneers, under the leadership of Dizengoff. In Palestine, Churchill told an anti-Zionist delegation: “This country has been very much neglected in

445-467: A comprehensive collection of classical and contemporary art, especially Israeli art , a sculpture garden and a youth wing. Suzanne Landau , following 34 years at the Israel Museum , was appointed director and chief curator of the museum in 2012. In 2018, the museum set an all-time attendance record with 1,018,323 visitors, ranking 70th on the list of most visited art museums . In 2019, the museum set

534-669: A fine dining restaurant led by Chef Hilel Tavakuli. In May 2023, following an extensive renovation of the Helena Rubinstein Pavilion for Contemporary Art, it was reopened as the Eyal Ofer Pavilion, in honour of its contemporary benefactor , with the first retrospective of the works of Swiss sculptor Alberto Giacometti in Israel exhibited on all four levels. The renovation was led by architect Amnon Rechter, whose father, Israel Prize laureate architect Yaakov Rechter , built

623-785: A giant two-panel mural especially for the Tel Aviv Museum of Art. It hangs in the entrance foyer. The Collection includes several masterpieces, among them the painting Friedericke Maria Beer , 1916 by the Austrian artist Gustav Klimt and Untitled Improvisation V , 1914, by the Russian master Wassily Kandinsky . The Peggy Guggenheim Collection , donated in 1950, includes 36 works by Abstract and Surrealist artists, including works of Jackson Pollock , William Baziotes , and Richard Pousette-Dart , and Surrealists works by Yves Tanguy , Roberto Matta , and André Masson . Sculptures are displayed in

712-586: A government committee recommended that Klimt's Lady with Hat and Feather Boa , in Belvedere Museum in Vienna, be restituted to the heirs of the Jewish family that had owned it before the Nazi Anschluss. National Public Radio reported on 17 January 2006 that "The Austrian National Gallery is being compelled by a national arbitration board to return five paintings by Gustav Klimt to a Los Angeles -based woman,

801-533: A hand.” In June 1931, Marc Chagall and his family traveled to Tel Aviv, on the invitation of Dizengoff, to help establish a Jewish Museum of Art. They stayed at Dizengoff's house in the city. In 1936, with the outbreak of the Arab revolt , the port of Jaffa was shut down by a general strike, which was proclaimed by the Arab Higher Committee . Dizengoff pressured the government to give him permission to open

890-455: A heavy, cream-colored wove paper with deckle edges . Thirty-one of the images (ten of which are multicolored) are printed on Chine-collé . The remaining nineteen are high-quality halftone prints. Each piece was marked with a unique signet—designed by Klimt—which was impressed into the wove paper in gold metallic ink. The prints were issued in groups of ten to subscribers, in unbound black paper folders embossed with Klimt's name. Because of

979-755: A lease on public land to erect an exhibition hall . The group's symbol was Pallas Athena , the Greek goddess of just causes, wisdom, and the arts—of whom Klimt painted his radical version in 1898. In 1894, Klimt was commissioned to create three paintings to decorate the ceiling of the Great Hall of the University of Vienna . Not completed until the turn of the century, his three paintings, Philosophy , Medicine , and Jurisprudence were criticized for their radical themes and material, and were called " pornographic ". Klimt had transformed traditional allegory and symbolism into

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1068-734: A long robe with no undergarments. His simple life was somewhat cloistered, devoted to his art, family, and little else except the Secessionist Movement from which he and many colleagues eventually resigned. He avoided café society and seldom socialized with other artists. Klimt's fame usually brought patrons to his door and he could afford to be highly selective. His painting method was very deliberate and painstaking at times and he required lengthy sittings by his subjects. Although very active sexually, he kept his affairs discreet and he avoided personal scandal. The artist cultivated close relationships with some of his clients, who were primarily from

1157-829: A man what life means to him and develop its innermost significance, I feel the same about these paintings." In 1911 his painting Death and Life received first prize in the world exhibitions in Rome. In 1915 Anna, his mother, died. Klimt died three years later in Vienna on 6 February 1918, having suffered a stroke and pneumonia brought about by the Spanish flu . He was buried at the Hietzinger Cemetery in Hietzing , Vienna. Numerous paintings by him were left unfinished . The only folio set produced in Klimt's lifetime, Das Werk Gustav Klimts ,

1246-635: A musical performer. His father, Ernst Klimt the Elder, formerly from Bohemia , was a gold engraver. All three of their sons displayed artistic talent early on. Klimt's younger brothers were Ernst Klimt and Georg Klimt  [ de ] . Klimt lived in poverty while attending the Vienna Kunstgewerbeschule , a school of applied arts and crafts , now the University of Applied Arts Vienna , where he studied architectural painting from 1876 until 1883. He revered Vienna's foremost history painter of

1335-406: A new attendance record, ranking 49th with 1,322,439 visitors. In 2022, it again ranked 49th, with 1,070,714 visitors. In 2023, it was ranked 48th on The Art Magazine ' s list of the 100 most popular museums in the world. On 23 March 2023, Tel Aviv Museum of Art was partially closed, in participation with Israel's "day of paralysis" during the 2023 Israeli judicial reform protests . Following

1424-538: A new building began in 1963 when the museum's collections of modern and contemporary art began to outgrow the premises. Construction commenced in 1966 but stopped for two years due to shortage of funds, before moving to its current location in 1971. Another wing was added in 1999 and the Lola Beer Ebner Sculpture Garden was established. The museum also contains "The Joseph and Rebecca Meyerhoff Art Education Center", opened in 1988. The museum houses

1513-547: A new language that was more overtly sexual and hence more disturbing to some. The public outcry came from all quarters—political, aesthetic and religious. As a result, the paintings (seen in the gallery below) were not displayed on the ceiling of the Great Hall. This was to be the last public commission accepted by the artist. All three paintings were destroyed when retreating German forces burned Schloss Immendorf in May 1945, together with another ten paintings, including Schubert at

1602-577: A new neighborhood, Tel Aviv, he formed a partnership with the Ahuzat Bayit company and bought land on the outskirts of Jaffa, which was parceled out to the early settlers by lot. After Akiva Aryeh Weiss founded the Ahuzat Bayit housing association in 1906, Dizengoff joined him to help to establish a modern Jewish quarter near the Arab city of Jaffa in 1909. On April 11, 1909, sixty-six families gathered on

1691-708: A number of panels in 1914 for the Venice Hotel Terminus called "La Primavera" and "Mille e una notte". These were later exhibited in the Boncompagni Ludovisi Decorative Art Museum . In 1972 the Vienna State Opera presented a new production of Salome , an opera by Oscar Wilde and Richard Strauss , in a Klimt-inspired stage setting and costumes by Jürgen Rose . This production, directed by Boleslaw Barlog and first conducted by Karl Böhm , became extremely popular and stayed in

1780-448: A painting up to that point. On 7 August 2006, Christie's auction house announced it was handling the sale of the remaining four works by Klimt that were recovered by Maria Altmann and her co-heirs after their long legal battle against Austria (see Republic of Austria v. Altmann ). Altmann's fight to regain her family's paintings has been the subject of a number of documentary films, including Adele's Wish . Her struggle also became

1869-436: A port in his new city of Tel Aviv, and before his death he managed to dedicate the first pier of Tel Aviv's new port. His dedication began with the words: "Ladies and gentlemen, I can still remember the day when Tel Aviv had no port". In 1930, after the death of his wife, Dizengoff donated his house to his beloved city of Tel Aviv and requested that it be turned into a museum. The house underwent extensive renovations and became

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1958-413: A self-portrait. I am less interested in myself as a subject for a painting than I am in other people, above all women... There is nothing special about me. I am a painter who paints day after day from morning to night ... Whoever wants to know something about me ... ought to look carefully at my pictures." In 1901 Hermann Bahr wrote, in his Speech on Klimt : "Just as only a lover can reveal to

2047-464: A separate appreciation. Formally, the landscapes are characterized by the same refinement of design and emphatic patterning as the figural pieces. Deep space in the Attersee works is flattened so efficiently to a single plane that it is believed that Klimt painted them by using a telescope. From 1900 Gustav Klimt became famous above all as a "painter of women". He created about one large-format portrait of

2136-489: A symbolic figure in some of his works, including Ancient Greece and Egypt (1891), Pallas Athene (1898) and Nuda Veritas (1899). Historians believe that Klimt with the nuda veritas denounced both the policy of the Habsburgs and Austrian society, which ignored all political and social problems of that time. In the early 1890s, Klimt met Austrian fashion designer Emilie Louise Flöge (a sibling of his sister-in-law) who

2225-592: A teaching position at Tel Aviv's first Hebrew-speaking high school, Herzliya Gymnasium . Although Ginzberg was living in Jerusalem at the time, the offer of a job, and a house on the newly named Ahad Ha'Am Street, convinced the Zionist philosopher to move to Tel Aviv. The poet Hayim Nahman Bialik also decided not to move to Jerusalem due to Dizengoff's offer of a house, a job and a street named after him if he moved to Tel Aviv, which he did in 1924. The artist Reuven Rubin also

2314-453: A woman per year, in which he applied the principles of Art Nouveau - flatness, decoration, and gold leaf application. At the same time, he devoted himself to allegories and Old Testament heroines, which he transformed, however, into dangerous " femmes fatales ". Eros, sexuality and femininity were variously interpreted by him as alluring danger. Life, love, and death can be determined as the important themes of Klimt's work. Klimt's 'Golden Phase'

2403-587: Is bad." In 1902, animated by resentment Klimt wanted to title the painting Gold Fish (in which a naked woman ostentatiously and maliciously shows her butt), "To my critics", but was dissuaded by friends. In 1902, Klimt finished the Beethoven Frieze for the Fourteenth Vienna Secessionist Exhibition, which was intended to be a celebration of the composer and featured a monumental polychrome sculpture by Max Klinger . Intended for

2492-544: Is buried in the Trumpeldor Cemetery in Tel Aviv. Meir Park and Dizengoff Street are named after him. Dizengoff Square , featuring a sculpture by Yaacov Agam , is named after his wife, Zina. The Dizengoff prize , awarded since 1937 annually by the municipality of Tel Aviv was named after him. Gustav Klimt Gustav Klimt (14 July 1862 – 6 February 1918) was an Austrian symbolist painter and one of

2581-600: The Narodnaya Volya underground. In 1885, he was arrested for insurgency and spent 8 months in jail. In Odessa, he met Leon Pinsker , Ahad Ha’am and others, and joined the Hovevei Zion movement. Upon his release from prison in 1886, Dizengoff returned to Kishinev and founded the Bessarabian branch of Hovevei Zion, which he represented at the 1887 conference. He left Kishinev in 1888 to study chemical engineering at

2670-659: The Wiener Secession in 1897 and of the group's periodical, Ver Sacrum ("Sacred Spring"). He remained with the Secession until 1908. The goals of the group were to provide exhibitions for unconventional young artists, to bring the works of the best foreign artists to Vienna, and to publish its own magazine to showcase the work of members. The group declared no manifesto and did not set out to encourage any particular style— Naturalists , Realists , and Symbolists all coexisted. The government supported their efforts and gave them

2759-532: The 7 October attacks and subsequent incidents related to the Israel-Hamas War , the Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present) and the 2024 Iran–Israel conflict , the museum removed several items on its collection from display and stored them for safekeeping in a secured basement. It also moved other exhibitions to a protected space on the facility's lower levels. The Museum's collection represents some of

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2848-570: The Blue and Neo-Classical period to his Late Period, Cubist paintings by Albert Gleizes , Jean Metzinger , several sculptures by Jacques Lipchitz , and Surrealists works of Joan Miró . One section of the Museum displays the history of Israeli art and its origins among local artists in the pre-state Zionist community of the early twentieth century. In 1989, the American pop artist Roy Lichtenstein created

2937-592: The British Mandate for Palestine helped lead to the creation of the State of Israel . David Ben-Gurion declared Israeli independence in 1948 at Dizengoff's residence in Tel Aviv. Dizengoff House is now Israel's Independence Hall . Meir Dizengoff was born on Shushan Purim , 25 February 1861 in the village of Ekimovtsy near Orhei , Bessarabia . His father was a follower of the Hasidic master of Sadigura, and his mother

3026-512: The Kunsthalle (Hall of Art) in 1917, to try to keep local artists from going abroad. Artists who reinterpreted Klimt's work include Slovak artist Rudolf Fila . Already during his lifetime, Klimt influenced other artists, such as the Italian Liberty style artist Galileo Chini (1873–1956). Klimt was exhibited at the 1910 Venice Biennale . Chini and Vittorio Zecchin (1878–1947) created

3115-649: The Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna. Klimt began his professional career painting interior murals and ceilings in large public buildings on the Ringstraße , including a successful series of "Allegories and Emblems". In 1888 Klimt received the Golden Order of Merit from Emperor Franz Josef I of Austria for his contributions to murals painted in the Burgtheater in Vienna. He also became an honorary member of

3204-1053: The Sorbonne in Paris . At the Sorbonne he met Elie Scheid, a representative of Baron Edmond de Rothschild 's projects in Ottoman Palestine . In Kishinev Dizengoff met Theodor Herzl and became an ardent follower. However, Dizengoff strongly opposed the British Uganda Scheme promoted by Herzl at the Sixth Zionist Congress . Instead, Dizengoff favored the formation of Jewish communities in Palestine. Dizengoff became actively involved in land purchases and establishment of Jewish communities, most notably Tel Aviv . Winston Churchill visited Palestine in March 1921 and met with Dizengoff. During

3293-643: The Tel Aviv Museum of Art in 1932. The museum moved to its current location in 1971. On 14 May 1948, David Ben-Gurion declared the independence of the State of Israel at the Dizengoff residence. The building is now a history museum and known as Independence Hall. There is a monument at Dizengoff House (Independence Hall) honoring both the 66 original families of Tel Aviv as well as a statue of Dizengoff riding his famous horse. Dizengoff died on September 23, 1936. He

3382-413: The University of Munich and the University of Vienna . In 1892 Klimt's father and brother Ernst both died, and he had to assume financial responsibility for his father's and brother's families. The tragedies also affected his artistic vision and soon he would move towards a new personal style. Characteristic of his style at the end of the 19th century is the inclusion of Nuda Veritas ( naked truth ) as

3471-517: The import business, especially machinery and automobiles to replace the horse-drawn carriages that had served as the primary transportation from Jaffa port to Jerusalem and other towns. In 1905, Dizengoff returned to Palestine and settled in Jaffa . Dizengoff also co-founded a boat company that bore his name, and served as the Belgian consul . When Dizengoff learned that residents were organizing to build

3560-494: The Arab population is “deriving great benefit, sharing in the general improvement and advancement.” While studying chemical engineering at the University of Paris , Dizengoff met Edmond James de Rothschild , who sent him to Ottoman -ruled Palestine to establish a glass factory which would supply bottles for Rothschild's wineries. Dizengoff opened the factory in Tantura in 1892, but it proved unsuccessful due to impurities in

3649-644: The Austrian State Printing Office, Gustav Klimt An Aftermath was intended to complete the lifetime folio Das Werk Gustav Klimts . The folio contains thirty colored collotypes (fourteen of which are multicolored) and follows a similar format found in Das Werk Gustav Klimts , replacing the unique Klimt-designed signets with gold-debossed plate numbers. One hundred and fifty sets were produced in English, with twenty of them (Nos. I–XX) presented as

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3738-462: The Piano , Girlfriends (or Two Women Friends ), Wally (portrait), The Music (II)". His Nuda Veritas (1899) defined his bid to further "shake up" the establishment. The starkly naked red-headed woman holds the mirror of truth, while above her is a quotation by Friedrich Schiller in stylized lettering: "If you cannot please everyone with your deeds and your art, please only a few. To please many

3827-492: The art market. The art market database Artprice lists 67 auction entries for paintings, but 1564 for drawings and watercolors. The most expensive drawing sold so far was "Reclining Female Nude Facing Left", which was made between 1914 and 1915 and sold in London in 2008 for £505,250 . However, the majority of the art trade traditionally takes place privately through galleries such as Wienerroither & Kohlbacher, which specialize in

3916-457: The assimilated Jewish Viennese Haute bourgeoisie . He cultivated intimate relationships, especially with his models from upper-class circles. He was considered progressive for his time, because he allowed women an active role in sexuality . Klimt wrote little about his vision or his methods. He wrote mostly postcards to Flöge and kept no diary. In a rare writing called "Commentary on a non-existent self-portrait", he states "I have never painted

4005-693: The building became Independence Hall when the museum relocated to 27 Shaul Hamelech Boulevard. Curator Nehama Guralnik began working at the museum in 1971, when French was the common language among staff, including the director, administrators and the curators, and catalogues were printed in French and in Hebrew, with English introduced later that decade. Guralnik curated more than 40 exhibitions during her 34-year tenure as international art curator. The Helena Rubinstein Pavilion for Contemporary Art opened in 1959. Planning for

4094-492: The delicate nature of collotype lithography, as well as the necessity for multicolored prints (a feat difficult to reproduce with collotypes), and Klimt's own desire for perfection, the series that was published in mid-1908 was not completed until 1914. Each of the fifty prints was categorized among five themes: The monochrome collotypes as well as the halftone works were printed with a variety of colored inks ranging from sepia to blue and green. Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria

4183-539: The entrance plaza and in an internal sculpture garden. In addition to a permanent collection, the museum hosts temporary exhibitions of individual artists' work and group shows curated around a common theme. The Tel Aviv Museum of Art includes The Paulson Family Foundation Building, its main structure on Shaul Hamelech Boulevard; the Herta and Paul Amir Building; and the Eyal Ofer Pavilion. Marking its 90th anniversary,

4272-548: The exhibition only, the frieze was painted directly on the walls with light materials. After the exhibition the painting was preserved, although it was not displayed again until restored in 1986. The face on the Beethoven portrait resembled the composer and Vienna Court Opera director Gustav Mahler . In 1905, dissensions within the Secession increased, and when the artistic consultant of the Galerie Mietkhe Carl Moll

4361-418: The exiles of Tel Aviv and received the nickname Reish Galuta . He widely circulated and publicized the plight of the exiles, mainly via newspapers, and succeeded in convincing the rulers to agree to a regular supply of food and provisions to the exiles. In 1917, after having received funding from Nili , Dizengoff refused not only to provide funds to free Nili member Yosef Lishansky , but even funds to provide

4450-451: The five restituted paintings netted more than $ 327 million. The painting Litzlberg am Attersee was auctioned for $ 40.4 million November 2011. Klimt's last painting, Lady with a Fan ( Dame mit Fächer , 1918), was sold by Sotheby's in London on 27 June 2023 for UK£85.3M (US$ 108.4) to a Hong Kong collector, the highest-priced artwork ever sold at auction in Europe. According to

4539-601: The heir of a Jewish family that had its art stolen by the Nazis . The paintings are estimated to be worth at least $ 150 million." This incident, involving Maria Altmann , was subsequently made into the Hollywood movie Woman in Gold , starring Helen Mirren. Later that year, the most notable of the five paintings, 1907's Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I (also known as “The Woman in Gold”),

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4628-402: The highest prices recorded for individual works of art. In November 2003, Klimt's Landhaus am Attersee sold for $ 29,128,000, but that sale was soon eclipsed by prices paid for Willem de Kooning's Woman III and later Klimt's own Adele Bloch-Bauer II , the latter of which sold for $ 150 million in 2016. More frequently than paintings, however, the artist's works on paper can be found on

4717-534: The late 1890s he took annual summer holidays with the Flöge family on the shores of Attersee and painted many of his landscapes there, such as Schloss by the Water . These landscapes constitute the only genre aside from figure painting that seriously interested Klimt. In recognition of his intensity, the locals called him Waldschrat ("forest demon"). Klimt's Attersee paintings are of sufficient number and quality to merit

4806-557: The leading artists of the first half of the 20th century and many of the major movements of modern art in this period: Fauvism , German Expressionism , Cubism , Futurism , Russian Constructivism , the De Stijl movement and Surrealism , French art, from the Impressionists and Post-Impressionists to the School of Paris including works of Chaïm Soutine , key works by Pablo Picasso from

4895-470: The most prominent members of the Vienna Secession movement. Klimt is noted for his paintings, murals , sketches , and other objets d'art . Klimt's primary subject was the female body, and his works are marked by a frank eroticism . Amongst his figurative works, which include allegories and portraits, he painted landscapes . Among the artists of the Vienna Secession, Klimt was the most influenced by Japanese art and its methods. Early in his career, he

4984-506: The museum's main building was refurbished and renamed The Paulson Family Foundation Building in 2021, in honour of its benefactors. In November 2011, the Herta and Paul Amir Building on the western side of the museum opened. It houses an Israeli Architecture Archive, and a new section of Photography and Visual arts . The new building was designed by architect Preston Scott Cohen . The new wing houses 18,500 square feet of gallery space over five floors. The Amir building also contains Pastel,

5073-436: The museum. On a visit to Paris, Dizengoff created an artistic committee. Marc Chagall wrote: “Mr. Dizengoff came to me in Paris, asking for help in building a museum. I couldn’t believe the man was seventy years old, his eyes sparkled…though I intended several times to go to the Land of Israel, and every time I cancelled the trip- this time, Mr. Dizengoff’s enthusiasm influenced me.. I packed my things and decided to give him

5162-541: The occasion of international exhibitions, but trips to Venice and Ravenna , both famous for their beautiful mosaics, most likely inspired his gold technique and his Byzantine imagery . In 1904, he collaborated with other artists on the lavish Stoclet Palace , the home of a wealthy Belgian industrialist that was one of the grandest monuments of the Art Nouveau age. Klimt's contributions to the dining room, including both Fulfillment and Expectation , were some of his finest decorative works, and as he publicly stated, "probably

5251-411: The original pavilion in 1959. Meir Dizengoff Meir Dizengoff ( Hebrew : מֵאִיר דִּיזֶנְגּוֹף ; born Meer Yankelevich Dizengof [ Russian : Меер Янкелевич Дизенгоф ]; 25 February 1861 – 23 September 1936) was a Zionist leader and politician and the founder and first mayor of Tel Aviv (1911–1922 as head of town planning, 1922–1936 as mayor). Dizengoff's actions in Ottoman Palestine and

5340-489: The original works. While the set was released a year after Klimt's death, some art historians suspect he was involved with production planning because of the meticulous nature of the printing (Klimt had overseen the production of the plates for Das Werk Gustav Klimts , making sure each one was to his exact specifications, a level of quality carried through similarly in Fünfundzwanzig Handzeichnungen ). The first ten editions also each contained an original Klimt drawing. Many of

5429-459: The paintings of his "golden phase", many of which include gold leaf . Klimt's work was an important influence on his younger peer Egon Schiele . Since the 1990s, he has been one of the artists whose paintings fetch top prices at auctions. Gustav Klimt was born in Baumgarten , near Vienna in the Austrian Empire , and was second of seven children—three boys and four girls. His mother, Anna Klimt ( née Finster), had an unrealized ambition to be

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5518-527: The past and starved and even mutilated by Turkish misgovernment… you can see with your own eyes in many parts of this country the work which has already been done by Jewish colonies; how sandy wastes have been reclaimed and thriving farms and orangeries planted in their stead.” That same day he told a Jewish delegation he would inform London that the Zionists are “transforming waste into fertile..planting trees and developing agriculture in desert lands...making for an increase in wealth and cultivation" and further that

5607-456: The portrait of First Lady Michelle Obama , by Amy Sherald in 2018, have been noted by art critics to have been influenced by Klimt, in particular the Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I . One commentator noted the similarity to fashion designed by Klimt's muse Emilie Louise Flöge . The city of Vienna , Austria had many special exhibitions commemorating the 150th anniversary of Klimt's birth in 2012. Google commemorated Gustav Klimt with

5696-465: The repertoire for nearly fifty years. It was shown in 265 performances and went on tour to Florence , Washington and twice in Japan. In 2006 an Austrian art-house biographical film about his life, Klimt , was released with John Malkovich in the lead role. In 2008 the Couturier John Galliano found inspiration for the Christian Dior Spring-Summer 2008 haute couture collection in Klimt's work. The 2019 collection of designer Alexander McQueen

5785-439: The research project to this day. Since 1990, Marian Bisanz-Prakken has redefined, documented, and scientifically processed around 400 further drawings. This makes the Albertina Vienna the only institution in the world that has been examining and scientifically classifying the artist's works for half a century. The research project now includes information on over 4,300 works by Gustav Klimt. Klimt's paintings have brought some of

5874-454: The sand. At this time Dizengoff's wife contracted malaria. Since she was pregnant, her doctors advised that she go to Paris. There she gave birth to a girl, but the baby soon died. The couple never had any additional children. After this tragedy and the failure of the bottle factory, Dizengoff soon returned to Kishinev. In 1904, Dizengoff helped establish the Geulah company, which bought up land in Palestine from Arabs , and became involved in

5963-400: The sandy shoreline using sea shells in a lottery to divide up lots of what was renamed Tel Aviv in 1910. Dizengoff participated in the lottery, which was captured on film by Abraham Suskind. In the iconic image, members of the collective can be seen standing on sand dunes in the exact location where Rothschild Boulevard currently runs. According to legend, the man standing behind the group, on

6052-411: The slope of the sand dune, is a man who opposed the idea, allegedly telling the others that they are mad because there is no water at the location. Dizengoff and his wife were among the first sixty-six families who gathered on 11 April 1909 on a sand dune north of Jaffa to hold a lottery to distribute plots of land which established what eventually became the city of Tel Aviv. Dizengoff became head of

6141-502: The subject of the dramatic film The Woman in Gold , a movie inspired by Stealing Klimt , the documentary featuring Maria Altmann herself. The portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer II was sold at auction in November 2006 for $ 88 million, the third-highest-priced piece of art at auction at the time. The Apple Tree I (c. 1912) sold for $ 33 million, Birch Forest (1903) sold for $ 40.3 million, and Houses in Unterach on Lake Atter (1916) sold for $ 31 million. Collectively,

6230-492: The succor that Dizengoff provided other prisoners and even anti-Zionists, despite having received the money from Nili. Right after the Arab riots of April–May 1921, he persuaded the authorities of the British Mandate to recognize Tel Aviv as an independent municipality and not a part of Jaffa. In the early 1920s Dizengoff was able to entice several cultural icons to live in Tel Aviv. After Asher Zvi Ginzberg, known as Ahad Ha'Am , arrived in Israel in 1922, Dizengoff offered him

6319-404: The three-volume catalogue raisonné, which records and describes all drawings by Gustav Klimt known at the time in chronological order. An additional supplementary volume was published in 1989. In the following year Strobl transferred her work to the art historian and curator Marian Bisanz-Prakken , who had assisted her since 1975 in the determination and classification of the works and who continues

6408-469: The time, Hans Makart . Klimt readily accepted the principles of conservative training; his early work may be classified as academic. In 1877 his brother, Ernst, who, like his father, would become an engraver, also enrolled in the school. The two brothers and their friend, Franz Matsch, began working together and by 1880 they had received numerous commissions as a team that they called the "Company of Artists". They also helped their teacher in painting murals in

6497-531: The town planning in 1911, a position that he held until 1922. When Tel Aviv was recognized as a city, Dizengoff was elected mayor . He remained in office until shortly before his death, apart from a three-year hiatus in 1925–1928. During World War I , the Ottomans drove out a large part of the population and Dizengoff was the liaison between the exiles and the Ottoman authorities. In this position he dealt with aid sent to

6586-502: The trade with original works by Gustav Klimt and Egon Schiele and regularly present these at monographic exhibitions and international art fairs. In 2006, the 1907 portrait, Adele Bloch-Bauer I , was purchased for the Neue Galerie New York by Ronald Lauder reportedly for US$ 135 million, surpassing Picasso 's 1905 Boy With a Pipe (sold 5 May 2004 for $ 104 million), as the highest reported price ever paid for

6675-531: The ultimate stage of my development of ornament." In 1905, Klimt painted The Three Ages of Woman , depicting the cycle of life. He created a painted portrait of Margarete Wittgenstein , Ludwig Wittgenstein 's sister, on the occasion of her marriage. Then, between 1907 and 1909, Klimt painted five canvases of society women wrapped in fur. His apparent love of costume is expressed in the many photographs of Flöge modeling clothing he had designed. As he worked and relaxed in his home, Klimt normally wore sandals and

6764-486: The works contained in this volume depict erotic scenes of nude women, some of whom are masturbating alone or are coupled in sapphic embraces. When a number of the original drawings were exhibited to the public, at Galerie Miethke in 1910 and the International Exhibition of Prints and Drawings in Vienna in 1913, they were met by critics and viewers who were hostile towards Klimt's contemporary perspective. There

6853-456: The writer Frank Whitford: "Klimt of course, is an important artist—he's a very popular artist—but in terms of the history of art, he's a very unimportant artist. Although he sums up so much in his work, about the society in which he found himself—in art historical terms his effect was negligible. So he's an artist really in a cul-de-sac." Klimt's work had a strong influence on the paintings of Egon Schiele , with whom he would collaborate to found

6942-407: Was a successful painter of architectural decorations in a conventional manner. As he began to develop a more personal style, his work was the subject of controversy that culminated when the paintings he completed around 1900 for the ceiling of the Great Hall of the University of Vienna were criticized as pornographic. He subsequently accepted no more public commissions, but achieved a new success with

7031-539: Was an audience for Klimt's erotic drawings, however, and fifteen of his drawings were selected by Viennese poet Franz Blei for his translation of Hellenistic satirist Lucian 's Dialogues of the Courtesans . The book, limited to 450 copies, provided Klimt with the opportunity to show these more lurid depictions of women and avoided censorship thanks to an audience composed of a small group of (mostly male) affluent patrons. Composed in 1931 by editor Max Eisler and printed by

7120-401: Was attacked by colleagues of the Secession for his work, a strong controversy arose which created a real internal split, led by Klimt. The following year, Klimt formed the group called "Kunstschau" (Art Show) or "Klimt group", which also included Moll and Otto Wagner , among other important Austrian artists. During this period Klimt did not confine himself to public commissions. Beginning in

7209-561: Was held in 1934, followed by a second fair two years later. Dizengoff was consequently involved with the development of the city, and encouraged its rapid expansion—carrying out daily inspections, and paying attention to details such as entertainment. He was usually present at the head of the Adloyada , the annual Purim carnival . After his wife's death, he donated his house to the city of Tel Aviv, for use as an art museum, and he influenced many important artists to donate their work to improve

7298-465: Was marked by positive critical reaction and financial success. Many of his paintings from this period included gold leaf . Klimt had previously used gold in his Pallas Athene (1898) and Judith I (1901), although the works most popularly associated with this period are the Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I (1907) and The Kiss (1907–08). Klimt traveled all over Europe, mainly to present his works on

7387-618: Was partially inspired by Klimt. Gustav Klimt and his work have been the subjects of many collector coins and medals, such as the 100 Euro Painting Gold Coin , issued on 5 November 2003, by the Austrian Mint . The obverse depicts Klimt in his studio with two unfinished paintings on easels. Tawny Chatmon , an American photographic artist known for her portraits of Black children overlaid with gold leaf and paint, has sought to place Black figures in glittering gold clothing inspired by Klimt's lavish portraits of white Viennese women. Elements of

7476-487: Was persuaded by Dizengoff to move to Tel Aviv. Many committees and associations came into being during Dizengoff's term as mayor. One was the Levant Fair (Hebrew Yarid HaMizrah ) committee, founded in 1932, which organized its first fair that year. Initially, the fair was held in the south of the city, but after its great success, a fairground with designated buildings was built in north Tel Aviv. A large international fair

7565-535: Was published initially by H. O. Miethke (of Galerie Miethke, Klimt's exclusive gallery in Vienna) from 1908 to 1914 in an edition of 300, supervised personally by the artist. The first thirty-five editions (I-XXXV) each included an original drawing by Klimt, and the next thirty-five editions (XXXVI–LXX) each with a facsimile signature on the title page. Fifty images depicting Klimt's most important paintings (1893–1913) were reproduced using collotype lithography and mounted on

7654-456: Was set up by Ursula Ucicky, widow of Klimt's illegitimate son Gustav Ucicky , with a mission to "preserve and disseminate Gustav Klimt's legacy." The managing director of the Leopold Museum , Peter Weinhäupl, was appointed as chairman of the foundation. As a reaction, the museum's director Tobias G. Natter resigned in protest, citing Ucicky's past as a Nazi propaganda filmmaker. In 2000,

7743-769: Was the descendant of a rabbinic dynasty. In 1878, his family moved to Kishinev , where he graduated from high school and studied at the polytechnic school. In 1882, he volunteered in the Imperial Russian Army , serving in Zhytomyr (now in Ukraine ) until 1884. There he first met Zina Brenner  [ he ] , whom he married in Alexandria on his way back to Ottoman Palestine in the early 1890s. After his military service, Dizengoff remained in Odessa , where he became involved in

7832-461: Was the first to purchase a folio set of Das Werk Gustav Klimts in 1908. Fünfundzwanzig Handzeichnungen ("Twenty-five Drawings") was released the year after Klimt's death. Many of the drawings in the collection were erotic in nature and just as polarizing as his painted works. Published in Vienna in 1919 by Gilhofer & Ranschburg, the edition of 500 features twenty-five monochrome and two-color collotype reproductions, nearly indistinguishable from

7921-405: Was to be his companion until the end of his life. His painting, The Kiss (1907–08), is thought to be an image of them as lovers which was painted five years after Klimt's 1902 full-length portrait of her. He designed many costumes that she produced and modeled in his works. During this period, Klimt fathered at least fourteen children. Klimt became one of the founding members and president of

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