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41-552: Dicebreaker described a SRD as a "handy guide on how to use, hack and implement an existing game system for your own purposes". The first SRD was published in 2000 by Wizards of the Coast (WotC) and is based on the third edition of Dungeons & Dragons ; it was released under their Open Game License (OGL). it was revised following the release of D&D version 3.5 in 2003. That SRD allowed for third-party publishers to freely produce material compatible with D&D . It also formed

82-423: A security breach occurred through a recently purchased subsidiary, Seisint, which allowed identity thieves to steal the records of at least 316,000 people. The database contained names, current and prior addresses, dates of birth, drivers license numbers and Social Security numbers , among other data obtained from credit reporting agencies and other sources. In 2008 the company settled an action taken against it by

123-452: A publishing company called NV Uitgeversmaatschappij Elsevier (Elsevier Publishing Company NV) to publish literary classics and the encyclopedia Winkler Prins . Robbers named the company after the old Dutch printers family Elzevir , which, for example, published the works of Erasmus in 1587. Elsevier NV originally was based in Rotterdam but moved to Amsterdam in the late 1880s. Up to

164-613: A result of the merger of Reed International, a British trade book and magazine publisher, and Elsevier, a Netherlands-based scientific publisher. The company is publicly listed, with shares traded on the London Stock Exchange , Amsterdam Stock Exchange and New York Stock Exchange (ticker symbols: London: REL, Amsterdam: REN, New York: RELX). The company is one of the constituents of the FTSE 100 Index , AEX Index , Financial Times Global 500 and Euronext 100 Index. The company, which

205-463: Is a British multinational information and analytics company headquartered in London , England. Its businesses provide scientific , technical and medical information and analytics; legal information and analytics; decision-making tools; and organise exhibitions. It operates in 40 countries and serves customers in over 180 nations. It was previously known as Reed Elsevier , and came into being in 1993 as

246-442: Is a British digital media company based in London . Founded in 1999 by Rupert and Nick Loman , it owns brands—primarily editorial websites—relating to video game journalism and other video game businesses. Its flagship website, Eurogamer , was launched alongside the company. It began hosting the video game trade show EGX in 2008. ReedPop acquired Gamer Network in 2018 and sold it to IGN Entertainment in 2024. Gamer Network

287-428: Is a desktop and web program for managing and sharing research papers, discovering research data and collaborating online. Elsevier is the world's largest publisher of academic articles. It published 600,000 articles in 2021. Its best-known titles are The Lancet and Cell . In 1995, Forbes magazine (wrongly) predicted Elsevier would be "the first victim of the internet" as it was disrupted and disintermediated by

328-537: Is called RX, formerly Reed Exhibitions until 2021. It is the world's largest exhibitions company, running 500 shows for 140,000 exhibitors and 7m visitors. ReedPop, part of RX, organises popular culture events including New York Comic Con and PAX . In February 2018, ReedPop acquired Gamer Network , a British Mass Media company that owns a number of video game journalism sites including Eurogamer , Rock Paper Shotgun and VG247 . Ecommerce store The Haul focused on pop culture memorabilia and merchandise

369-786: The British Medical Journal , published an editorial in the Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine arguing that Reed Elsevier's involvement in both the arms trade and medical publishing constituted a conflict of interest. Subsequently, in June the company announced that they would be exiting the defence exhibition business during the second half of the year. In November 2019, legal scholars and human rights activists called on RELX to cease work with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement because their product LexisNexis directly contributes to

410-524: The CC-BY-4.0 license. Some other game systems, such as FATE , the Mongoose Publishing editions of RuneQuest , Traveller , and Zweihänder Grim & Perilous RPG have also released their own mechanics under distinct OGL-licensed "System Reference Documents". Chase Carter, for Polygon in 2022, highlighted that the indie game design scene "has moved toward extremely permissible SRDs and

451-477: The Dicebreaker staff reported that they were made redundant. In October 2015, Gamer Network site VG247 retracted their preview of Uncharted 4: A Thief's End and issued an apology after being contacted by the publisher that the game they had played was Uncharted 2: Among Thieves from the remastered Uncharted: The Nathan Drake Collection . Reed Exhibitions RELX plc (pronounced "Rel-ex")

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492-488: The Federal Trade Commission for multiple failures of security practice in how the data was stored and protected. The settlement required Reed Elsevier and Seisint to establish and maintain a comprehensive security program to protect nonpublic personal information. Between 2005 and 2007, members of the medical and scientific communities, which purchase and use many journals published by Reed Elsevier, agitated for

533-624: The Research Works Act , although it no longer supports the last. Because of this, members of the scientific community have boycotted Elsevier journals. In January 2012, the boycott gained an online pledge and petition ( The Cost of Knowledge ) initiated by mathematician and Fields medalist Sir Timothy Gowers . The movement has received support from noted science bloggers, such as biologist Jonathan Eisen . Between 2012 and February 2023, about 20,500 scientists signed The Cost of Knowledge boycott. On 28 February 2019, following long negotiations,

574-518: The University of California announced it would be terminating all subscriptions with Elsevier. On 16 March 2021, following further negotiations and significant changes including (i) universal open access to University of California research and (ii) containing the "excessively high costs" being charged by publishers, the university renewed its subscription. As a data broker Reed Elsevier collected, used, and sold data on millions of consumers. In 2005,

615-734: The Wabigoon River in Ontario Canada by a corporate subsidiary between 1962 and 1970 was "one of the worst cases of environmental poisoning in Canadian history." Reed sold the Dryden Mill to Great Lakes Forest Products in 1980. As of 2017, Grassy Narrows First Nation chief Simon Fobister stated that the river remained highly contaminated. Reed Elsevier has been criticised for the high prices of its journals and services, especially those published by Elsevier. It has also supported SOPA , PIPA and

656-579: The 1930s, Elsevier remained a small family-owned publisher, with no more than ten employees. After the war it launched the weekly Elsevier magazine, which turned out to be very profitable. A rapid expansion followed. Elsevier Press Inc. started in 1951 in Houston , Texas, USA, and in 1962 publishing offices were opened in London and New York. Multiple mergers in the 1970s led to name changes, settling at "Elsevier Scientific Publishers" in 1979. In 1991, two years before

697-520: The 4e SRD presents only lists of concepts and tables from the 4e rulebooks that may be used in a compatible product. The 5th edition of D&D was released in 2014. A new OGL-licensed SRD based on 5th edition was released in January 2016, and updated to version 5.1 in May 2016. In January 2023, Wizards of the Coast announced that the full D&D System Reference Document 5.1 (SRD 5.1) would be released under

738-604: The Mark Allen Group. RELX's Scientific, Technical & Medical business provides information, analytics and tools that help investors make decisions that improve scientific and healthcare outcomes. It operates under the name of Elsevier: ScienceDirect , an online database of primary research, contains 18 million documents. Scopus is a bibliographic database containing abstracts and citations for academic journal articles. It contains more than 50 million items in more 20,000 titles from 5,000 publishers worldwide. Mendeley

779-614: The Netherlands. In 2017, the company sold New Scientist magazine. In January 2019, RBI sold its Dutch agricultural media and selected international agricultural media portfolio (including Poultry World ) to Doorakkeren BV. In August 2019, Flight International and FlightGlobal were sold to DVV Media Group . In December 2019, RBI announced plans to sell the Farmers Weekly magazine title, website and related platforms, events and awards to MA Agriculture Limited, part of

820-722: The United States in 1977 by acquiring Cahners Publications, founded by Norman Cahners . In 1985, the company decided to rationalise its operations, focusing on publishing and selling off its other interests. Sanderson was sold to WestPoint Pepperell, Inc. of Georgia , United States , that year, while Crown Paint and Polycell were sold to Williams Holdings in 1987. The company's paper and packaging production operations were bundled together to form Reedpack and sold to private equity firm Cinven in 1988. Reed expanded its publishing by acquiring Technical Publishing from Dun & Bradstreet . In 1880, Jacobus George Robbers started

861-585: The World Wide Web. LexisNexis Risk Solutions provide decision-making tools which help banks spot money launderers and insurance companies weed out fraudulent claims. The business claims to have saved the state of Florida more than $ 60 million a year by preventing benefit fraud. Accuity provides financial crime compliance software which allows institutions to comply with sanctions and anti-money laundering compliance programmes. It offers Know Your Customer, KYC , online subscription-based data and software for

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902-565: The aviation, finance and travel industries. RELX's legal business operates under the LexisNexis brand. Many of LexisNexis' brands date back to the nineteenth century or earlier. These include Butterworths and Tolley in the UK and JurisClasseur in France. In 2019, 85% of its revenues were electronic. The LexisNexis legal and news database contains 119bn documents and records. RELX's exhibitions business

943-587: The basis for independent role-playing games from other publishers, such as Mutants & Masterminds and the Pathfinder Roleplaying Game , among others. The 4th edition of D&D , released in 2008, was not licensed under the OGL, but under the more restrictive Game System License . Subsequently, the 4e System Reference Document is quite different. Instead of the full texts of the OGL-licensed rules,

984-534: The children's divisions of Heinemann, Methuen, Hamlyn and Mammoth to the Egmont Group . In February 2007, the company announced its intention to sell Harcourt, its educational publishing division. On 4 May 2007 Pearson , the international education and information company, announced that it had agreed to acquire Harcourt Assessment and Harcourt Education International from Reed Elsevier for $ 950m in cash. In July 2007, Reed Elsevier announced its agreement to sell

1025-422: The company to cut its links to the arms trade. Two UK academics, Tom Stafford of Sheffield University and Nick Gill, launched petitions calling for it to stop organising arms fairs. A subsidiary, Spearhead, organised defence shows, including an event where it was reported that cluster bombs and extremely powerful riot control equipment were offered for sale. In February 2007 Richard Smith , former editor of

1066-563: The company's managing director and a vice-president for ReedPop's UK operations. Loman left the company in February 2020. ReedPop implemented a number of layoffs across many of the Gamer Network sites in September 2020. In November 2020, the remaining USgamer staff, which had been reduced from nine to four after the earlier layoffs, reported that ReedPop was shuttering the site by the end of

1107-693: The company's work in advancing the Rule of Law - recognizing the company's commitment to strengthening equality under law, transparency of law, independent judiciaries and accessible legal remedy. The Elsevier Foundation supports libraries in developing countries, women scientists and nursing facilities. In 2016 it committed $ 1m a year, for 3 years, to programmes encouraging diversity in science, technology and medicine and promoting science research in developing countries. Programmes operated by LexisNexis Legal & Professional include: Programmes operated by LexisNexis Risk Solutions include: The mercury contamination of

1148-420: The financial services industry. The company's services include helping banks and financial institutions screen for high risk customers and transactions, and providing databases such as Bankers Almanac which allows clients to find and validate bank payment routing data. Accuity serves financial services clients worldwide. Cirium (previously known as FlightGlobal) provides data and aviation analytics products to

1189-478: The first half of 2021. From 2011 to 2014, the average annual value of disposals was about $ 300m. The predictability of the company's results in recent years has led to a re-rating of the shares. The RELX Environmental Challenge awards grants to projects advancing access to safe water and sanitation. In 2019, Mike Walsh, CEO of LexisNexis, was honoured by the UN Foundation with a Global Leadership award for

1230-592: The international expansion, Eurogamer Network announced that it had changed its name to Gamer Network. As part of the rebranding, Eurogamer Events was renamed Gamer Events, while Hammersuit also adopted the Gamer Network name. In October, Simon Maxwell was promoted from group publishing director to chief operating officer . On 26 February 2018, it was announced that ReedPop , the division of Reed Exhibitions that organises pop culture conventions such as PAX , had acquired Gamer Network. While Rupert Loman remained Gamer Network's chief executive officer , Maxwell became

1271-486: The merger with Reed, Elsevier acquired Pergamon Press in the UK. Cahners Publishing, founded by Norman Cahners , was the largest U.S. publisher of trade or business magazines as of his death in 1986. Reed International acquired the company in 1977. In February 1997, Reed Elsevier divested its trade publishing group (including Heinemann , Methuen , Secker & Warburg , Sinclair-Stevenson , Mandarin, Minerva and Cedar) to Random House . In 1998, Reed Elsevier sold

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1312-525: The open plains of collaboration. [...] When SRDs do pop up in indie games, they read more as political statements about art and creation under capitalism". Carter commented that "independent designers are looking toward a future divested from the weight of D&D. [...] SRDs, or whatever their next form might look like, may provide fledgling artists waystones through an open field instead of fence posts around private property". Dicebreaker Gamer Network Limited (formerly Eurogamer Network Limited )

1353-404: The remaining Harcourt Education business, including international imprint Heinemann , to Houghton Mifflin for $ 4 billion in cash and stock. Between 2006 and 2019, in 65 separate deals, the company systematically sold its 300 print, business to business magazine titles, reducing the proportion of print revenues from 51% to 9%. Advertising, which had been the largest source of revenues when RELX

1394-447: The state of tabletop gaming journalism, Chase Carter of Rascal News highlighted that "the other professional website that fostered amateur talent, Dicebreaker , seems to be poised on the edge of collapse". Carter, who formerly freelanced for Dicebreaker , commented that nothing has been published since the May 21 sale of the Gamer Network and the outlet's "ultimate fate remains unknown at time of writing" in June 2024. Later that month,

1435-680: The then-dangerous print trade. In 1965, Reed Group, as it was then known, became a conglomerate , creating its Decorative Products Division with the purchase of Crown Paints , Polycell and Sanderson 's wallpaper and DIY decorating interests. In 1970, Reed Group merged with the International Publishing Corporation and the company name was changed to Reed International Limited. The company continued to grow by merging with other publishers and produced high quality trade journals as IPC Business Press Ltd and women's and other consumer magazines as IPC magazines Ltd. Reed entered

1476-550: The weak economy including an advertising slump. Variety , the company's last remaining North American title, was sold in October 2012. In 2014, Reed Business Information sold BuyerZone, an online marketplace; emedia, an American provider of research for IT buyers and vendors; and a majority stake in Reed Construction Data , a provider of construction data. In 2016, RELX sold Elsevier Weekly and BeleggersBelangen in

1517-442: The year. In November 2023, ReedPop announced its intent to sell Gamer Network with its editorial brands, though excluding its events business. IGN Entertainment was announced as the buyer in May 2024, and it immediately implemented layoffs of some editorial staff at GamesIndustry.biz and Rock Paper Shotgun . Following the takeover, Dicebreaker cancelled their Tabletop Creators Summit at MCM Comic Con . In an overview on

1558-477: Was founded under the name Eurogamer Network in 1999 by brothers Rupert and Nick Loman. It was formed alongside the opening of its flagship website, Eurogamer , which itself launched on 4 September 1999. Nick Loman left the business in 2004 to pursue a career in medicine and "competitive BBQ ". In February 2011, Eurogamer Network acquired American publishing house Hammersuit, alongside its IndustryGamers.com and Modojo.com websites. On 1 March 2013, in line with

1599-629: Was founded, represented just 1% of sales in 2018. In July 2009, Reed Elsevier announced its intention to sell most of its North American trade publications, including Publishers Weekly , Broadcasting & Cable , and Multichannel News , although it planned to retain Variety . In April 2010, Reed Elsevier announced that it had sold 21 US magazines to other owners in recent months, and that an additional 23 US trade magazines, including Restaurants & Institutions , Hotels , and Trade Show Week would cease publication. The closures were mostly due to

1640-526: Was launched in 2021. Popverse , a popular culture website, was founded in 2022. It sold the Gamer Network to IGN Entertainment , division of Ziff Davis , in May 2024. However, it retained the Popverse outlet. As of 2021, the board of directors consisted of: In 2019, Harvard Business Review ranked Erik Engström the world's 11th best performing CEO. In August 2020, RELX announced Sir Anthony Habgood would retire as Chair, to be replaced by Paul Walker in

1681-486: Was previously known as Reed Elsevier, came into being in 1993, as a result of the merger of Reed International, a British trade book and magazine publisher, and Elsevier , a Netherlands-based scientific publisher. The company re-branded itself as RELX in February 2015. In 1895, Albert E. Reed established a newsprint manufacturing operation at Tovil Mill near Maidstone , Kent . The Reed family were Methodists and encouraged good working conditions for their staff in

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