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21-640: Supreme Headquarters is used by some nations and alliances to refer to the physical location of their high command. Europe [ edit ] Supreme Headquarters (Yugoslav Partisans) , the headquarters of the Communist Yugoslavian Partisans Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force , the headquarters of the Commander of Allied forces in north-west Europe Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe ,

42-417: A march-manoeuvre in all parts of Montenegro. The main objectives were Kolašin , Mojkovac , Mioče, Donja Morača, Gornja Morača, Boan, Đurđevića Tara , Nikšić, Šavnik and Žabljak. Jovanović ordered his troops to take the city of Pljevlja at any cost, and manoeuvres were made to surround the city. The Battle of Pljevlja commenced on December 1 when the majority of the forces entered the city itself. Jovanović

63-451: A universal uprising was under way. Jovanović commanded his forces in a drive against the Italians near Crmnica, where they defeated one Italian battalion. Alone, Jovanović's unit captured 2,000 Italians and a significant amount of war equipment. Jovanović then joined the partisan forces. Jovanović was well received among the partisans. Due to his experience, he was assigned as chief of staff of

84-500: The Soviet Union . He was killed by Yugoslav border guards while trying to escape to Romania with two other Montenegrin dissidents, Vlado Dapčević and Branko Petričević, who were captured alive. Arso Jovanović was born in the village of Zavala near Podgorica , Principality of Montenegro on March 24, 1907, into a family belonging to the Piperi clan . His blood relative Blažo Jovanović

105-571: The Supreme Headquarters of the People's Liberation Partisan Detachments . From January 1942, the headquarters became the Supreme Headquarters of the People's Liberation Partisan and Volunteer Army of Yugoslavia to allow for the incorporation of "Volunteer Detachments" consisting of insurgents that were not willing to formally become Partisans, most of whom were Serb nationalist Chetniks . By November 1942, this experiment had clearly failed, and it

126-650: The Yugoslav Royal Army academies, Jovanović was one of the best-educated generals among the partisan forces in Yugoslavia, speaking French, Russian and English. His military reports distinguished him, sometimes running to as many as ten pages, and he stayed close to the partisan High Command, lecturing in the first partisan officer school in Drvar , 1944. After the Tito–Stalin Split in 1948, Jovanović openly sided with

147-603: The Italian governor. The Italians however succeeded in deblocking Cetinje. Jovanović then ordered an attack on Kolašin and Šavnik but the enemy forces were too strong, and the partisans were forced to retreat. Jovanović faced the ire of the people due to the deteriorating military situation. In this situation, he ordered a retreat on the entire front until the arrival of troops from Sandžak. For this action, 3,500 people were mobilised in Montenegro. On November 20, these forces commenced

168-542: The Royal Yugoslav Army that renounced the country's capitulation to the invaders, and later alongside the partisan units commanded by Peko Dapčević , Vlado Ćetković , Jovo Kapičić and others. Since Montenegrins had traditionally held great affection for Russia, when the Soviet-German war broke out Montenegro rose in revolution. Despite the fact that plans and preparations for guerrilla warfare had not been made,

189-621: The cadet company at the School for Reserve Infantry Officers, until the Nazi German Invasion of Yugoslavia. In 1934, he married Senka Vujić, a law clerk from Nikšić ; together they had two daughters. When the German invasion started, Jovanović was a commander of the school battalion. He was subject to the Second Army Group under General Dragoslav Miljković . His task was to take action in

210-402: The direction of Sarajevo - Travnik . An interesting fact is that here he served with a number of future high commanders in the army such as Dragoljub Mihailović , Major Miodrag Palošević and Major Radoslav Đurić . Following the breakdown of the front at Sarajevo on April 15, and the entry of a German armoured group into the city, Jovanović did not go forward to support Colonel Mihailović who

231-604: The headquarters of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization Supreme Commander's Headquarters (India and Pakistan) , transitional British military authority during the partition of India Fiction [ edit ] Supreme Headquarters, International Espionage and Law-Enforcement Division (S.H.I.E.L.D), in Marvel Comics Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

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252-567: The partisan forces during World War II . He graduated near the top of his class, and was appointed sergeant (platoon commander) in the 10th Infantry Regiment "Takovski", stationed in Sarajevo. He went on to the Higher School of the Military Academy, where he studied several subject including tactics of war and French, graduating in 1934. He returned to Sarajevo where he became a commander of

273-439: The partisan guerrilla units for Montenegro and Boka. Until December, he was chief of staff for Montenegro. Meanwhile, the Italian army had managed to transfer one army corps and three squadrons from Albania in order to quell the uprising. Jovanović found himself pressed between strong forces that slowly cleared the partisan units from the territory. He ordered a move towards Cetinje , where partisan units even managed to surround

294-526: The title Supreme Headquarters . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Headquarters&oldid=1258896483 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Supreme Headquarters (Yugoslav Partisans) The Supreme Headquarters

315-572: The unsuccessful battle for Pljevlja, which was intended to connect the communist-controlled territory in Sandžak and Montenegro, Jovanović was called up to supreme command. He thought that he would be relieved of duty, but (instead of Captain Branko Poljanac ) Jovanović was appointed on December 12, 1941, as head of the Supreme Command of Yugoslavia's partisan forces. He held this post until the end of

336-491: The war. Jovanović wrote an extensive report on the uprising in Montenegro and the reasons for the unsuccessful attempt on Pljevlja. In this report he described the shortcomings of the partisan forces. When Joseph Stalin broke with Josip Broz Tito in 1948, Jovanović, along with other political and military personnel sided with the Soviet Union . He was killed by Yugoslav border guards while trying to escape to Romania with Vlado Dapčević and Branko Petričević. According to

357-797: Was a prominent Montenegrin communist. His father was, until 1910, an officer of the Royal Serbian Army , stationed with the artillery regiment in Topčider , a suburb of Belgrade , capital of the Kingdom of Serbia . Jovanović went to school in Podgorica, and then progressed to the Yugoslav Royal Army's military academy in Belgrade in 1925. There he was a contemporary of Velimir Terzić and Petar Ćetković , who would later also become significant commanders in

378-1574: Was again renamed the Supreme Headquarters of the People's Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia . Finally, on 1 March 1945, it became the General Staff of the Yugoslav Army (renamed Yugoslav People's Army in 1951). The composition of the Supreme Headquarters during the war was successively supplemented, as few members died. Members of Supreme Headquarters throughout the war were: Josip Broz Tito (supreme commander), Arso Jovanović (chief of Supreme Headquarters), Velimir Terzić (deputy chief of Supreme Headquarters), Sreten Žujović , Edvard Kardelj , Aleksandar Ranković , Ivo Lola Ribar (died in November 1943), Svetozar Vukmanović , Milovan Đilas , Ivan Milutinović (died in October 1944), Peko Dapčević , Savo Orović , Sava Kovačević (died in June 1943), Vladimir Popović , Radivoje Jovanović , Vlada Zečević , Petar Drapšin , Rade Hamović , Vojislav Đokić , Franc Leskošek , Uglješa Danilović , Mihailo Apostolski , Nikola Grulović , Pavle Ilić , Moša Pijade , Rade Končar (died in May 1942), Gojko Nikoliš , Izidor Papo , Ivan Rukavina , Pavle Savić , Vladimir Smirnov and Ivan Maček . Arso Jovanovi%C4%87 Educated through

399-497: Was among his fighters, and ordered charge, then retreat, followed by another charge. The Komski, " Bajo Pivljanin " and "Zetsko-lješanski" battalions all participated in this battle. The city was almost taken, but the enemy counter-attack was so strong that Jovanović had to order a retreat. The Axis forces suffered 74 dead, compared to 253 among the partisan units. Following this defeat partisans plundered villages and executed captured Italians, party " sectarians " and "perverts". After

420-602: Was being attacked near Derventa. Instead he returned to his birthplace, unwilling to surrender to the enemy. There he awaited the famous 13 July uprising in Montenegro , in which he participated. In these actions other active officers of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia who subsequently crossed over to the partisan lines also excelled themselves. Examples include infantry Colonel Savo Orović , reserve Lt. Colonel Veljko Bulatović , infantry Captain 1st Class Velimir Terzić and infantry Captain 1st Class Petar Ćetković . All fought then in

441-722: Was created in June 1941 by the Central Committee of the Yugoslav Communist Party after the German -led Axis invasion of Yugoslavia of 6 April 1941. It was the main command and staff body of the Yugoslav Partisans , with Josip Broz Tito at its head. Initially titled Partisan Chief Headquarters when it was created on 27 June 1941, it was renamed at the Stolice conference of 26–27 September 1941. Its full name became

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