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32-613: Strausberg was founded circa 1240, and in 1333 its first town hall was built. From 1373 to 1415, it was part of the Bohemian Crown . Today, a historic defensive wall borders the old town. In the 19th century, industrialization took place and the town developed a local labour movement, including union structures and a local branch of both the Social Democratic and the Communist Party of Germany. In World War II Strausberg housed

64-463: A death march of prisoners of various nationalities from the dissolved camp in Żabikowo to Sachsenhausen passed through the town. After 1945, the town became part of East Germany and the seat of its Ministry of National Defence . Strausberg was the administrative seat of the Strausberg district, until a 1993 merger with Bad Freienwalde and Seelow formed "Märkisch-Oderland", with Seelow becoming

96-407: A debating chamber for council meetings, office space for city employees, an archive room for official documents, and some degree of fortification lest the city be attacked. The Palazzo Senatorio has been the headquarters of the municipal government of Rome since 1144, making it the oldest city hall in the world. The Cologne City Hall of 1135 is another early example. The Palazzo Pubblico of

128-469: A civic town hall have become separated. Particularly in North America, "city hall" can be used as a metonym to mean municipal government , or government in general, as in the axiom "You can't fight city hall". "Town hall" tends to have less formal connotations (cf. Town meeting ). Straussee Ferry The Straussee Ferry ( German : Strausseefähre ) is a passenger cable ferry that crosses

160-422: A covered space to function as a marketplace at street level, and one or more rooms used for public or civic purposes above it. These buildings were frequently the precursors of dedicated town halls. The modern concept of the town hall developed with the rise of medieval communes . Much as a lord was based in his hall, the new councils which formed to rule the cities required a headquarters. This building needed

192-821: A great variety and flexibility of purpose in mind. In some European countries, the town hall is the venue for the declaration of Christmas Peace , such as Turku and Porvoo in Finland and Tartu in Estonia . As symbols of local government, city, and town halls have distinctive architecture, and the buildings may have great historical significance – for example the Guildhall, London . City hall buildings may also serve as cultural icons that symbolize their cities. City Hall buildings often serve citizens in accessing government functions as well as providing vital symbolic roles for their communities. In Commonwealth countries ,

224-526: A height of 9.6 metres and replaced in 2006 an older tower, while the tower on the western shore measures 9.7 metres in height and was erected in 1915. The minimum clearance of the overhead wire over Straussee is 5.8 metres. The ferry service is numbered as route F39 by the Verkehrsverbund Berlin-Brandenburg (VBB), the joint transport association for the states of Berlin and Brandenburg. However it has its own fare structure and does accept

256-407: A regional strategic authority. The Oxford English Dictionary sums up the generic terms: County Council administrations in parts of England and Wales generally operate from a base in a building called, by analogy, a " county hall " or "shire hall". Conversely, cities that have subdivisions with their councils may have borough halls. Scottish local government in larger cities operates from

288-543: A single large open chamber (or "hall") formed an integral part of the building housing the council and such other organs of government as supported it. The hall may be used for council meetings and other significant events. This large chamber, the "town hall" (and its later variant "city hall") became synonymous with the whole building, and, synecdochically , the municipal government headquartered there. The terms "council chambers", "municipal building" or variants may be used locally in preference to "town hall" if no such large hall

320-663: A switching centre for teleprinter links encrypted by the Lorenz cipher from Hitler and the High Command to various Army Group commanders (see Fish (cryptography) ). During the war, men and women from the German-occupied Netherlands, Poland, Italy and Soviet Union were brought to the town to perform forced labour since 1941, and a women's subcamp of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp was established in 1944. In early 1945,

352-530: A unique environment. Strausberg is 30 km east of Berlin (from the district of Marzahn-Hellersdorf ) and 30 km to the west of Kostrzyn , at the Polish border. It is part of Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region and a middle centre ( Mittelzentrum ) of it. Its bordering municipalities are, listed in a clockwise sense starting from north, Altlandsberg , Oberbarnim , Buckow , Garzau-Garzin , Rehfelde , Rüdersdorf and Petershagen-Eggersdorf . The town

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384-613: Is a distinction between the Council House and the Town Hall , a concert and meeting venue that pre-dates it. In Sheffield , the distinction is between the Town Hall , the seat of local government, and the City Hall , a concert and ballroom venue. In Leeds , the Town Hall , built in the 1850s as a seat of local government, now functions primarily as a concert, conference, and wedding venue, many of its municipal functions having moved in 1933 to

416-460: Is divided into nine boroughs: Fasanenpark, Gartenstadt, Hegermühle, Neue Mühle, Postbruch, Schillerhöhe (with the Spitzmühle), Strausberg Nord, Strausberg Stadt and Vorstadt. The municipality has three hamlets ( Ortsteile ): After an increase of population since World War II , Strausberg has slowed its "growth", remaining at almost 26,000 inhabitants in the last census, with a slight decrease in

448-726: Is made between city halls and town halls. The term is also sometimes (but more rarely) used as a name in Commonwealth countries: for example, for the City Halls of Brisbane in Australia, and of Cardiff , Norwich and Bristol in the UK. City Hall in Dublin , Ireland, is another example. City Hall in London, opened in 2002, is an exceptional case, being the seat not of a conventional municipal authority, but of

480-523: Is one of the grandest examples of the medieval era, serving as a model for 19th-century town halls such as the Rathaus, Vienna . Over centuries, the idea of civic representation along with notions of urbanism and public space evolved. Even the building form grew in size and the town hall concept expanded beyond Europe to become an established institution across the world. As the functions of government generally and municipal government in particular expanded in

512-435: Is present within the building. The local government may endeavor to use the building to promote and enhance the quality of life of the community. In many cases, "town halls" serve not only as buildings for government functions, but also have facilities for various civic and cultural activities. These may include art shows, stage performances, exhibits, and festivals. Modern town halls or "civic centres" are often designed with

544-597: The FC Strausberg , competing in the fifth tier of German football . Home games of FCS are played at the "Energiearena" stadium. Strausberg is twinned with: Town hall In local government , a city hall , town hall , civic centre (in the UK or Australia ), guildhall , or municipal building (in the Philippines ) is the chief administrative building of a city, town, or other municipality . It usually houses

576-668: The Republic of Siena and the Palazzo Vecchio of the Republic of Florence , both late-medieval town halls, date from 1297 and 1299 respectively. In each case, the large, fortified building comprises a large meeting hall and numerous administrative chambers. Both buildings are topped by tall towers, have ancient clocks against which townsfolk measured time, and have space for local archives of official documents. These features became standard for town halls across Europe. The 15th-century Brussels Town Hall , with its 96-meter (315 ft) tower,

608-663: The Straussee lake, near the town of Strausberg in Brandenburg , Germany . The ferry service is operated by the Strausberg Railway , using the ferry Steffi , which can carry up to 100 passengers at a time. The ferry is unusual in that it is electrically operated, with an overhead supply at 230 volts . Although there are other operations of this type in the world, this operation is believed to be unique in Europe . The overhead wire for

640-416: The city or town council and at least some other arms of the local government. It also often functions as the office of the mayor (or other executive), if the relevant municipality has such an officer. In large cities, the local government is often administratively expansive, and the city hall may bear more resemblance to a municipal capitol building. By convention, until the middle of the 19th century,

672-525: The "City Chambers". Other names are occasionally used. The administrative headquarters of the City of London retains its Anglo-Saxon name, the Guildhall , signifying a place where taxes were paid. In a few English cities (including Birmingham , Coventry and Nottingham ) the preferred term is "Council House": this was also true in Bristol until 2012, when the building was renamed " City Hall ". In Birmingham, there

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704-431: The 19th and 20th centuries, the role of town and city halls became broader. Many cities established a reading room in their city hall, which later grew into a public library , typically in its own building. The central room in a town hall (the "hall" proper) began to be used for a variety of other functions; some cities installed a large pipe organ to facilitate public entertainment. In the 20th century, town halls served

736-508: The S5 line within the town, these being Strausberg Hegermühle , Strausberg Stadt and Strausberg Nord . Strausberg is also served by the Strausberg Railway ( Strausberger Eisenbahn ), a light rail line with nine stops, which connects the main railway station to the centre of town. Besides the main railway station, the other 8 stops are: Landhausstraße, Schlagmühle, Stadtwald, Hegermühle, Wolfstal, Käthe-Kollwitz-Straße, Elisabethstraße and Lustgarten,

768-547: The early years of the 21st century. Forecasts, however, anticipate a considerable decline within the next two decades. For further details, see sources of the following graphics. The town is served by Strausberg railway station , situated 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) to the south of the town, which is on the Berlin S-Bahn Line 5 and Deutsche Bahn 's Berlin Lichtenberg - Kostrzyn service. There are three other stops on

800-443: The new Civic Hall . Large halls called basilicas were used in ancient Rome for the administration of justice, as meeting places, and for trade. The development of the town hall as a setting for local governance meetings and decisions is historically related to the early cities in medieval Europe. The objective was to have engagement with the citizens in a public space by a representative civic authority. The oldest town hall in

832-539: The new administrative seat of the district. It is where the German Army Command is located. Strausberg covers an area of 68 km. There are over 1,500 businesses and 100 km of footpath. It is known as "Die grüne Stadt am See" (the green town by the lake). Its biggest lake is Straussee , located between the town and the biggest forest, the Strausberger Forest. The forest and water protection nurtures

864-457: The northern terminus. The Strausberg Railway also operates the Straussee Ferry ( Strausseefähre ), an unusual electrically operated passenger cable ferry across Straussee. The town has also a small aerodrome ("Flugplatz Strausberg", ICAO : EDAY), opened in 1927, with a runway of 1,200 m × 28 m, and situated 2 kilometres in the east of town centre. The local football representative is

896-405: The power supply of the ferry is fixed on two lattice towers, one on the eastern shore of Straussee at the edge of the city of Strausberg and one on the western shore of Straussee at the edge of Strausberg forest. The distance between both towers is 370 metres making it to the longest span of an overhead wire used for vehicle power supply. The tower on the eastern shore, which also carries a clock, has

928-427: The public as places for voting, examinations, vaccinations , disaster relief, and disseminating information through noticeboards, as well as for the more usual civil functions, festivities, and entertainments. Local councils have increasingly tended to move administrative functions into modern offices. Where new premises are designed and constructed to house local governments, the functions of an administrative office and

960-516: The term "town hall" may be used even in a city. This is often the case in the United Kingdom (examples being Manchester Town Hall and Liverpool Town Hall ), Australia ( Sydney Town Hall ), New Zealand , and elsewhere. People in some regions use the term "city hall" to designate the council offices of a municipality of city status . This is the case in North America , where a distinction

992-417: The time it would be occupied by routine administrative and judicial functions. In a smaller manor, a lord might even live in the hall with his family and retainers. Inasmuch as the manor was the primary local jurisdiction of medieval society, the hall was a place of great local importance. In the later Middle Ages or early modern period , many European market towns erected communal market halls , comprising

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1024-552: The world is Palazzo Senatorio in Rome , Italy, which is established in AD 1144. In the Early Middle Ages , the great hall , a single large open chamber, was the main, and sometimes only room of the home of a feudal lord . A great variety of activities took place in the hall, which was an all-purpose space. The lord would host banquets and other grand ceremonies in the hall, but most of

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