35-617: The Square Louise-Michel is a square on Montmartre in the 18th arrondissement of Paris , France . It is located in the Quartier des Grandes-Carrières . It is one of the largest green spaces in North Paris and is located next to the Sacré-Cœur . In 2021, it was reported to be the most visited free place in Paris following the 2019 Notre-Dame fire . The park features a carousel . The square
70-771: A "square", as in the squares of Savannah, Georgia . Conversely, the term place in French refers to a city square which usually does not include green space and may be paved. In the English-speaking world, this is usually termed a "square" such as Times Square in New York or Trafalgar Square in London. In summary, the French have squares that might be, but are usually not, called "squares" in English, and they have places that are almost always called "squares" in English. To make things
105-407: A bit more complicated, in Paris, a "square" (small green space) may abut a place (large public square), or a "square" may, in fact, be contained within a place . The "square" and the associated place typically have different names. Some examples are: Rarely, the "square" and its associated place share a name: Finally, there are some pairs (of squares and places ) where the name of the square
140-579: A formal French style. During and after the July Monarchy , the park became the home of a large population of statues; first the queens and famous women of France, lined along the terraces; then, in 1880s and 1890s, monuments to writers and artists, a small-scale model by Bartholdi of his Liberty Enlightening the World (commonly known as the Statue of Liberty ) and one modern sculpture by Zadkine . In 1865, during
175-506: A fruit garden in the southwest corner. He kept the regular geometric pattern of the paths and alleys, but did create one diagonal alley near the Medici fountain, which opened a view of the Panthéon . The garden in the late nineteenth century contained a marionette theater, a music kiosk, greenhouses, an apiary (or bee-house); an orangerie also used for displaying sculpture and modern art (used until
210-782: A hundred statues, monuments, and fountains, scattered throughout the grounds. Surrounding the central green space are twenty figures of French queens and illustrious women standing on pedestals. They were commissioned by Louis-Philippe in 1848 and include: Anne of Austria , Anne of Brittany , Anne of France , Anne Marie Louise of Orléans , Bertha of Burgundy , Blanche of Castile , Clémence Isaure , Jeanne III of Navarre , Laure de Noves , Louise of Savoy , Margaret of Anjou , Margaret of Provence , Marguerite of Navarre , Marie de' Medici , Mary, Queen of Scots , Matilda, Duchess of Normandy , Saint Balthild , Saint Clotilde , Saint Genevieve , and Valentina Visconti . Other sculpted work includes: The Medici Fountain ( La fontaine Médicis )
245-562: A park in the style she had known as a child in Florence. Francini planned two terraces with balustrades and parterres laid out along the axis of the château, aligned around a circular basin. He also built the Medici Fountain to the east of the palace as a nymphaeum , an artificial grotto and fountain, without its present pond and statuary. The original garden was just eight hectares in size. In 1630 she bought additional land and enlarged
280-409: A series of statues of former French queens, saints and copies after the antique . In the southwest corner, there is an orchard of apple and pear trees and the théâtre des marionnettes ( puppet theatre ). The gardens include a large fenced-in playground for young children and their parents and a vintage carousel . In addition, free musical performances are presented in a gazebo on the grounds and there
315-461: Is a bit artificial, but the relationship is, nonetheless, clear: In all Parisian squares, gardens, and parks, you will find areas reserved for children, with playgrounds, sandboxes, see-saws, swings, merry-go-rounds, and the like. Some spaces offer a wider range of activities; some random examples are: toy boats to sail, as well as sulky and go-cart rentals in the Jardin du Luxembourg ; ping-pong tables in
350-633: Is a small cafe restaurant nearby, under the trees, with both indoor and outdoor seating from which many people enjoy the music over a glass of wine. The orangerie displays art, photography and sculptures. The model boat pond in Conservatory Water in Central Park in Manhattan , New York City, is loosely based on that of one in the Jardin du Luxembourg. The École nationale supérieure des Mines de Paris and
385-466: Is known for its lawns, tree-lined promenades, tennis courts, flowerbeds, model sailboats on its octagonal Grand Bassin, as well as picturesque Medici Fountain , built in 1620. The name Luxembourg comes from the Latin Mons Lucotitius, the name of the hill where the garden is located, and locally the garden is informally called "le Luco". In 1611, Marie de' Medici , the widow of Henry IV and
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#1733105998391420-593: The Luxembourg Garden , colloquially referred to as the Jardin du Sénat (Senate Garden), is located in the 6th arrondissement of Paris , France . The creation of the garden began in 1612 when Marie de' Medici , the widow of King Henry IV , constructed the Luxembourg Palace as her new residence. The garden today is owned by the French Senate , which meets in the palace. It covers 23 hectares (56.8 acres) and
455-645: The Odéon theatre stand next to the Luxembourg Garden. The central axis of the garden is extended, beyond its wrought iron grill and gates opening to rue Auguste Comte, by the central esplanade of the rue de l'Observatoire, officially the Jardin Marco Polo , where sculptures of the four Times of Day alternate with columns and culminate at the southern end with the 1874 " Fountain of the Observatory ", also known as
490-446: The Parc des Buttes-Chaumont , etc. These open spaces also beckon visitors just to wander and daydream, and many offer lush green lawns for sitting, taking a rest, or perhaps a picnic. One is advised, nonetheless, to watch for signs posted on lawns that are accessible to the public: pelouses autorisées (lawns authorized for use) and "pelouses au repos" (lawns for resting). As of 1 May 2008,
525-631: The Square Emile-Chautemps and the Jardin de l'Observatoire ; pony or carriage rides at the Parc Monceau ; tennis courts, boules, and croquet at the Jardin du Luxembourg ; Guignol marionette puppet shows at the Jardin du Ranelagh ; roller skating at the Parc Montsouris ; a bee-keeping school at the Jardin du Luxembourg ; bandstands featuring spring and summer concerts at the Square du Temple and
560-474: The animalier Emmanuel Fremiet designed the eight horses, marine turtles and spouting fish. Most importantly Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux sculpted the four nude women supporting the globe, representing the Four Continents of classical iconography. Open hours for the Luxembourg Garden depend on the month: opening between 7:30 and 8:15 am; closing at dusk between 4:45 and 9:45 pm. The garden contains just over
595-433: The "Fontaine des Quatre-Parties-du-Monde" or the "Carpeaux Fountain", for its sculptures by Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux . It was installed as part of the development of the avenue de l'Observatoire by Gabriel Davioud in 1867. The bronze fountain represents the work of four sculptors: Louis Vuillemot carved the garlands and festoons around the pedestal, Pierre Legrain carved the armillary with interior globe and zodiac band;
630-574: The 150th anniversary of the Paris Commune at Square Louise-Michel. The ceremony honored New Caledonia and persecuted communards. 48°53′06″N 2°20′36″E / 48.8849°N 2.3434°E / 48.8849; 2.3434 Squares in Paris Paris is known as the City of Light . Part of the credit for this sobriquet can be ascribed to long-standing city ordinances that have restricted
665-406: The 1930s); a rose garden, the fruit orchard, and about seventy works of sculpture. The garden is largely devoted to a green parterre of gravel and lawn populated with statues and centred on a large octagonal basin of water, with a central jet of water; in it children sail model boats. The garden is famed for its calm atmosphere. Surrounding the bassin on the raised balustraded terraces are
700-452: The citizen the opportunity to escape, if only momentarily, his urban environment and partake of air and light like his cousins in the provinces. The following article (and its accompanying list) concern the public spaces known as squares and places in Paris . The terminology of open spaces in Paris ( square vs. place ) may present some confusion to English speakers. In the French language ,
735-486: The city of Paris acknowledged the following public squares (in the broader 'English' sense of the word). A citizen of Paris will notice, of course, that the following alphabetized list includes both "squares" (smaller green spaces) and places (larger urban landmarks), which have been segregated from one another within this single list. Jardin du Luxembourg The Jardin du Luxembourg ( French pronunciation: [ʒaʁdɛ̃ dy lyksɑ̃buʁ] ), known in English as
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#1733105998391770-544: The command of Napoleon Bonaparte , the fountain was restored by Jean Chalgrin , the architect of the Arc de Triomphe . In 1864–66, the fountain was moved to its present location, centered on the east front of the Palais du Luxembourg. The long basin of water was built and flanked by plane trees , and the sculptures of the giant Polyphemus surprising the lovers Acis and Galatea , by French classical sculptor Auguste Ottin , were added to
805-583: The fountain was preserved and moved in 1866 to the Luxembourg Gardens and attached to the back of the Medici Fountain. The gardens are featured prominently in Victor Hugo 's novel Les Misérables . It is here that the principal love story of the novel unfolds, as the characters Marius Pontmercy and Cosette first meet. Several scenes of André Gide 's novel The Counterfeiters also take place in
840-449: The garden to thirty hectares, and entrusted the work to Jacques Boyceau de la Barauderie, the intendant of the royal Tuileries Garden and the early gardens of Versailles . He was one of the early theorists of the new and more formal garden à la française , and he laid out a series of squares along an east–west alley closed at the east end by the Medici Fountain, and a rectangle of parterres with broderies of flowers and hedges in front of
875-528: The gardens. Henry James also uses the gardens, in The Ambassadors , as the place in which his character Lambert Strether has an epiphany about his identity. The final scene of William Faulkner 's novel Sanctuary is set in the gardens. Patrick Modiano heard the news he had won the 2014 Nobel Prize in Literature via a mobile phone call from his daughter while he was walking through Paris "just next to
910-556: The grotto's rockwork. Hidden behind the Medici Fountain is the Fontaine de Léda , (1807), a wall fountain built during the time of Napoleon Bonaparte at the corner of the Rue du Regard and Rue de Vaugirard , with a bas-relief sculpture depicting the legend of Leda and the Swan by Achille Valois . When the original site was destroyed during the extension of the Rue de Rennes in 1856 by Napoleon III ,
945-566: The height of buildings in the central city. A more modest skyline, interrupted only by the Eiffel Tower , the Tour Montparnasse , Sacré-Coeur , and a few church steeples, lends this city's citizens virtually unfettered access to natural light. Nonetheless, another significant contributor to the feeling of openness in Paris is the vast number of public spaces, both green and paved, interspersed throughout all twenty arrondissements , that afford
980-513: The land of the neighboring religious order of the Carthusian monks. The architect Jean Chalgrin , the architect of the Arc de Triomphe , took on the task of restoring the garden. He remade the Medici Fountain and laid out a long perspective from the palace to the observatory. He preserved the famous pepiniere, or nursery garden of the Carthusian order, and the old vineyards, and kept the garden in
1015-665: The palace. In the center he placed an octagonal basin with a fountain, with a perspective toward what is now the Paris Observatory . Later monarchs largely neglected the garden. In 1780, the Comte de Provence, the future Louis XVIII , sold the eastern part of the garden for real estate development. Following the French Revolution , however, the leaders of the French Directory expanded the garden to forty hectares by confiscating
1050-403: The reconstruction of Paris by Napoleon III , the rue de l'Abbé de l'Épée, (now rue Auguste Comte) was extended into the park, cutting off about seven hectares, including a large part of the old nursery garden. The building of new streets next to the park also required moving and rebuilding the Medici Fountain to its present location. The long basin of the fountain was added at this time, along with
1085-667: The regent for the King Louis XIII , decided to build a palace in imitation of the Pitti Palace in her native Florence . She purchased the Hôtel du Luxembourg (today the Petit Luxembourg ) and began construction of the new palace. She commissioned Salomon de Brosse to build the palace and a fountain, which still exists. In 1612 she had 2,000 elm trees planted; she directed a series of gardeners, most notably Tommaso Francini , to build
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1120-435: The statues at the foot of the fountain. During this reconstruction, the chief architect of parks and promenades of Paris, Gabriel Davioud , under the leadership of Adolphe Alphand , built new ornamental gates and fences around the park, and polychrome brick garden houses. He also transformed what remained of the old Chartreux nursery garden, at the south end of the park, into an English garden with winding paths, and planted
1155-431: The term square (a loan-word from English) refers to a small urban green space that is not large enough to be called a parc (the grassy variety) or a bois (the wooded variety), and is not sufficiently formal in its plantings to be called a jardin . (For a list of these spaces, see List of parks and gardens in Paris .) In English this may be called a " pocket park ," a "green" as in "the village green ", or even
1190-482: Was built in 1630 by Marie de' Medici , the widow of King Henry IV of France and regent of King Louis XIII of France . It was designed by Tommaso Francini , a Florentine fountain maker and hydraulic engineer who was brought from Florence to France by King Henry IV. It was in the form of a grotto , a popular feature of the Italian Renaissance garden. It fell into ruins during the 18th century, but in 1811, at
1225-467: Was originally built on the site of a quarry used to extract Gypsum for construction in Paris. The square was first designed in 1880 and built in 1932. Paul Gasq designed a fountain in the park. In 2004, the square was renamed after French anarchist , feminist and communard Louise Michel to celebrate International Women's Day . In 2021 the Mayor of Paris Anne Hidalgo hosted a ceremony to celebrate
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