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25-686: Signage on roadways crossing the river acknowledge it as the "South Fork River". The river is part of the Santee River Watershed. According to the Geographic Names Information System , it has also been known historically as: This article about a location in Gaston County , North Carolina is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about a location in Lincoln County , North Carolina

50-550: A "rediversion" canal to send most of the water back into the Santee, partially mitigating this problem. This is a partial list of crossings of the Santee River. Distributary A distributary , or a distributary channel is a stream channel that branches off and flows away from a main stream channel. It is the opposite of a tributary , a stream that flows towards and into another stream or river. Distributaries are

75-531: A patriot of the American Revolutionary War . The original site of his homestead has been flooded by the reservoir Lake Marion, which is named in his honor. Construction of the 22-mile (35 km)-long Santee Canal , linking the river to the Cooper, was begun in 1793 and finished in 1800. It allowed direct water transportation between the upcountry of central South Carolina and the port city Charleston, at

100-439: A result of river bifurcation and are often found where a river approaches a lake or an ocean and divides into distributary networks; as such they are a common feature of river deltas . They can also occur inland, on alluvial fans , or where a tributary stream bifurcates as it nears its confluence with a larger stream. In some cases, a minor distributary can divert so much water from the main channel that it can later become

125-688: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about a location in Catawba County , North Carolina is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to a river in North Carolina is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Santee River The Santee River is a river in South Carolina in the United States , and is 143 miles (230 km) long. The Santee and its tributaries provide

150-764: Is an inland distributary of the upper Orinoco , which flows southward into the Rio Negro , forming a unique natural canal between the Orinoco and Amazon river systems. It is the largest river on the planet that links two major river systems. The Huai River in China splits into three streams. The main stream passes through the Sanhe Sluice, goes out of the Sanhe river, and enters the Yangtze River through Baoying Lake and Gaoyou Lake . On

175-730: The Clutha River , splits into two arms, the Matau and the Koua , some 10 kilometres from the South Island's Pacific Coast. A large island, Inch Clutha , lies between the two arms. Many of the rivers crossing the Canterbury Plains in the central South Island are braided rivers , and several of these split into separate branches before reaching the coast. Notable among these is the Rangitata River ,

200-589: The Fly River , which splits into three major and several minor rivers close to its mouth. The Bamu River splits into several channels close to its mouth, among them the Bebea , Bina , Dibiri , and Aramia . The Kikori River also splits into a multitude of channels as it crosses the plains close to the Gulf of Papua. The Purari River splits into three major channels as it approaches its mouth. New Zealand's second-longest river,

225-642: The Fraser River , separated by Annacis Island ). In Australia, the term anabranch is used to refer to a distributary that diverts from the main course of the river and rejoins it later. In North America such a branching river is called a braided river . In Louisiana , the Atchafalaya River is an important distributary of the Mississippi River . Because the Atchafalaya takes a steeper route to

250-657: The Gulf of Mexico than does the Mississippi, over several decades the Atchafalaya has captured more and more of the Mississippi's flow, after the Mississippi meandered into the Red River of the South . The Old River Control Structure , a dam which regulates the outflow from the Mississippi into the Atchafalaya, was completed by the Army Corps of Engineers in 1963. The dam is intended to prevent

275-506: The 8-mile (13 km)-long Santee Dam. The dam was built during the Great Depression of the 1930s as a Works Progress Administration (WPA) project to provide a major source of hydroelectric power for the state of South Carolina. The Santee is formed in central South Carolina 25 miles (40 km) southeast of Columbia by the confluence of the rivers Wateree and Congaree . It flows southeast for 5 miles (8 km) before entering

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300-552: The Atchafalaya from capturing the main flow of the Mississippi and stranding the ports of Baton Rouge and New Orleans . In British Columbia , Canada, the Fraser River has numerous sloughs and side-channels which may be defined as distributaries. This river's final stretch has three main distributaries: the North Arm and the South Arm , and a few smaller ones adjoining them. Examples of inland distributaries: The Casiquiare canal

325-879: The Hongkou. The Tha Chin River and Noi River are distributaries of the Chao Phraya River in Thailand , splitting off from the latter about 200 kilometers upstream from the Bay of Bangkok . The Brantas River in East Java , Indonesia , branches off into two distributaries, Mas River , also known as Surabaya River, and Porong River . A number of the rivers that flow inland from Australia's Great Dividing Range form distributaries, most of which flow only intermittently during times of high river levels and end in shallow lakes or simply peter out in

350-711: The Santee watershed include the Congaree , Broad , Linville , Saluda and the Wateree . The watershed drains a large portion of the Piedmont regions of South and North Carolina . The Santee River is the second largest river on the eastern coast of the United States, second only to the Susquehanna River in drainage area and flow. Much of the upper river is impounded by the expansive, horn-shaped Lake Marion reservoir, formed by

375-453: The Santee River was dammed, forming lakes Marion and Moultrie, and diverting the river's flow into the Cooper River through a hydroelectric plant at Pinopolis. The WPA project was completed in 1941. Though the project succeeded in providing cheap electricity to modernize rural South Carolina , unintended consequences were changes to the character of both the Cooper and Santee rivers below

400-794: The deserts. Yarriambiack Creek , which flows from the Wimmera River into Lake Coorong, and Tyrrell Creek, which flows from the Avoca River into Lake Tyrrell , are two distributaries in Victoria . The Narran River flows from the Balonne River in Queensland into Narran Lake in New South Wales . Many of Papua New Guinea's major rivers flow into the Gulf of Papua through marshy, low-lying country, allowing for wide, many-branched deltas. These include

425-581: The east bank of Hongze Lake , another stream goes out of Gaoliangjian Gate and enters the Yellow Sea at the port of Bidan through Subei Guan'gai Zongqu, the main irrigation channel of Northern Jiangsu ); its total length is 168 kilometers. The third stream leaves the Erhe lock on the northeast bank of Hongze Lake, passes the Huaishuhe River to the north of Lianyungang city, and flows into Haizhou Bay through

450-624: The main route. Common terms to name individual river distributaries in English-speaking countries are arm and channel . These terms may refer to a distributary that does not rejoin the channel from which it has branched (e.g., the North, Middle, and South Arms of the Fraser River , or the West Channel of the Mackenzie River ), or to one that does (e.g. Annacis Channel and Annieville Channel of

475-485: The northwest corner of Lake Marion, which stretches in a long wide arc to the southeast for approximately 30 miles (48 km) to Santee Dam. A navigable diversion canal first built during the 1970s at the southern end of the lake connects to Lake Moultrie , a reservoir on the nearby Cooper River . The modern canal is operated by the Santee Cooper agency as part of the larger hydroelectric project on both rivers. The dam

500-503: The ocean at Santee Point, approximately 15 miles (24 km) south of Georgetown , and not far from the outlet of the Pee Dee River . The river was named by early English settlers for the Santee tribe , which inhabited areas on the middle part of the river. The first European contact was by a Spanish party commanded by Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón in 1526. The early Spaniards may have named

525-498: The outlet of the Cooper River. The canal operated for 50 years before being made obsolete by the introduction of railroads. During the Great Depression , the state of South Carolina created the power utility Santee Cooper . The main source of electric power for the utility was a hydroelectric system inland from Charleston, built by the federal government during the administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt . Starting in 1939,

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550-637: The principal drainage for the coastal areas of southeastern South Carolina and navigation for the central coastal plain of South Carolina, emptying into the Atlantic Ocean about halfway between Myrtle Beach and Charleston near the community of McClellanville . The farthest headwaters are 440 miles (708 km) away on the Catawba River in North Carolina . Besides the Catawba, other principal rivers of

575-425: The project. Deprived of most its water flow, the Santee River became more saline and its ecosystem gradually changed below the dam. The Cooper River received more of the freshwater and sediment loads that used to flow into the Santee and carried them downstream. This has resulted in greatly increasing the dredging costs to keep Charleston Harbor operating as a port. During the 1980s, the Army Corps of Engineers built

600-723: The river the Jordan (in honor of the Jordan River ). After suffering a defeat by the English and their allies during the Yamasee War in 1715–1716, the Santee were relocated. Many were shipped as slaves to the West Indies , opening the river for British settlement as part of the Province of Carolina . During the late 18th century, the upper river was the site of the homestead of Francis Marion ,

625-456: Was finished in 1941. Downstream from the reservoir it flows east, then southeast, forming the northeast boundary of Francis Marion National Forest . Approximately 10 miles (16 km) from its mouth it bifurcates into two channels, named the North Santee and South Santee , that flow parallel and separated by approximately 2 miles (3 km), creating Cedar Island . The two channels reach

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