43-682: The Shellmouth Reservoir (also known as Lake of the Prairies ) is a man-made reservoir on the Assiniboine River in Manitoba and Saskatchewan , Canada. The Shellmouth Dam ( 50°57′49″N 101°25′07″W / 50.96361°N 101.41861°W / 50.96361; -101.41861 ) is a multi-purpose embankment dam built by the Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Administration (PFRA). The dam and reservoir are part of
86-455: A census metropolitan area population of 54,268. It is the primary hub of trade and commerce for the Westman Region as well as parts of southeastern Saskatchewan and northern North Dakota , an area with a population of over 190,000 people. The City of Brandon was incorporated in 1882, having a history rooted in the Assiniboine River fur trade as well as its role as a major junction on
129-535: A few settlers led by Reverend George Roddick had begun to build their new homes about 10 miles (16 km) south of Grand Valley, at the foot of the Brandon Hills. Meanwhile, in Grand Valley with the promise of the railway, the town began to boom. Regular voyages were made by steam sternwheelers to the city, each bringing more and more settlers. In the spring of 1881, General Thomas L. Rosser , Chief Engineer of
172-476: A large delta east of Brandon extending almost to Portage la Prairie . The river has eroded down through sediments of the delta cutting a narrow valley through these sediments as it drops through a vertical distance of about 150 metres (490 ft) to the Lake Agassiz – Red River Plain. In this valley, the river is confined with a narrow valley floor. The Souris River is the primary tributary contributing flow to
215-471: A minor disaster when an explosion at the Manitoba Power Commission's steam plant caused the 40 metre (130 ft) brick chimney to collapse, killing two workers in the process. In contemporary times, Shari Decter Hirst defeated incumbent Dave Burgess in the 2010 municipal election to become the first female mayor of the city. Brandon is located in south-western Manitoba, on the banks of
258-472: A more westerly route from Winnipeg, towards Grand Valley. Grand Valley was located on the northern side of the Assiniboine, opposite the side of the river where present-day Brandon sits. Grand Valley was originally settled by two brothers John and Dougal McVicar, and their families. With the expectation of the new railroad, settlers and prospectors now rushed to an area they had previously avoided. Around 1879
301-406: A northwesterly direction from Portage la Prairie . Many thought that the route would most likely go through either Minnedosa or Rapid City, Manitoba because they were both located at natural river crossings. Rapid City was the front runner for the site of the new railway and had prepared for the impending building boom accordingly. But suddenly, in 1881, the builders of the railway decided to take
344-588: A strategy to reduce the risk of flood damage for Winnipeg and other communities along the Assiniboine River. For example, in the 1997 Red River flood , the inflow to the reservoir peaked at 10,000 cubic feet per second (280 m/s) while the outflow never exceeded 1,700 cu ft/s (48 m/s). The reservoir is also used to supplement flows on the Assiniboine when conditions are dry, ensuring water supply for Brandon , Portage la Prairie , irrigators, and some industries. For example in early August, 2021
387-570: A very large valley. The valley was cut by huge glacial melt water flows at the end of the last glaciation. The floor of this spillway valley provides a natural floodplain for the river and the valley provides a significant storage volume making the construction of the Shellmouth Dam north of Russell both technically and economically viable. The major tributaries in this reach are the Qu'Appelle, Shell and Little Saskatchewan Rivers. The glacial flows created
430-548: Is 36.3 years old which is almost 5 years younger than the national average at 41.2 years old. There are 22,526 dwellings in Brandon with an occupancy rate of 94.1%, and the median cost of a dwelling at $ 264,781, much lower than the national average at $ 341,556. As far as education goes, for those between 25 and 64 years old, 57.0% have a post-secondary schooling degree, 29.8% have a high school degree (or equivalent) and 13.2% have no certificates, diplomas or degrees. The unemployment rate
473-563: Is 7.3% in Brandon, lower than the national average at 7.7%. The median household income before taxes is $ 65,960, and after taxes at $ 57,008. As of 2016, 88.8% of Brandon's residents are Canadian citizens. About 5.5% of residents are recent immigrants (from 2011 to 2016). Brandon is 70.1% white, 16.3% visible minorities and 13.6% aboriginal. The largest visible minority groups in Brandon are Latin American (5.0%), Chinese (3.8%), South Asian (3.0%), Black (2.1%) and Filipino (1.1%). English
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#1732856215426516-585: Is a 1,070-kilometre (660 mi) long river that runs through the prairies of Western Canada in Saskatchewan and Manitoba . It is a tributary of the Red River . The Assiniboine is a typical meandering river with a single main channel embanked within a flat, shallow valley in some places and a steep valley in others. Its main tributaries are the Qu'Appelle , Souris , and Whitesand Rivers . The river takes its name from
559-592: Is located 30 km (19 mi) east of Brandon and maintains close ties with the city. Brandon's Keystone Centre , is one of the largest consolidated entertainment, recreation, convention, and agriculture complexes in Canada and is the home of the Brandon Wheat Kings and the Royal Manitoba Winter Fair . Prior to the influx of people from Eastern Canada, the area around Brandon was primarily used by
602-562: Is prone to spring flooding. Some flood flows can be diverted into Lake Manitoba at Portage la Prairie. In 1967, the Shellmouth Dam was built in Shellmouth to help reduce flood peaks and to supplement flows during dry periods. The Portage Diversion was completed in 1970. Despite these efforts, in May 2011 it was necessary to breach one of the dikes beside the river to relieve flood stresses east of Portage la Prairie. A Manitoba-wide state of emergency
645-507: Is regulated by the Shellmouth Dam in order to ensure that communities on the river have adequate water supply. Brandon has two emergency groundwater wells to supply water in the event of an emergency situation with water supply or if there are issues with water turbidity or elevated organic water hardness. Like nearly every community in Manitoba, electricity is 98% hydro generated and supplied by Manitoba Hydro . The Brandon Generating Station
688-658: Is the mother tongue of 80.3% of residents. Other common first languages were Spanish (4.5%), Chinese Languages (3.2%) French (1.3%), Ukrainian (1.3%), Gujarati (1.2%), and German (1.2%). The 2021 census found that English was the mother tongue of 80.6% of the population. The next most common mother tongues were Spanish (4.2%), Gujarati (2.8%), Mandarin (2.0%), French (1.4%), Tagalog (1.2%), Ukrainian (1.1%), Punjabi (0.9%), German (0.7%), Cantonese (0.7%), Amharic (0.7%), Yoruba (0.4%), Russian (0.4%), Tigrigna (0.4%), Arabic (0.3%), Cree (0.2%), Hindi (0.2%), Korean (0.2%), and Urdu (0.2%). Public schools in Brandon are governed by
731-416: Is the second-largest city in the province of Manitoba , Canada. It is located in the southwestern corner of the province on the banks of the Assiniboine River , approximately 214 kilometres (133 mi) west of the provincial capital, Winnipeg , and 120 kilometres (75 mi) east of the Saskatchewan border. Brandon covers an area of 77.41 km (29.89 sq mi) with a population of 51,313, and
774-582: The Assiniboine First Nation . Robert Douglas of the Geographical Board of Canada (1933) made several comments as to its origin: "The name commemorates the Assiniboine natives called by La Vérendrye in 1730 'Assiniboils' and by Governor Knight in 1715 of the Hudson's Bay Company 'stone Indians.' Assiniboine is the name of an Indian tribe and is derived from 'assine' a stone and 'bwan' native name of
817-580: The Brandon School Division . There are approximately 7,200 students, 900 staff, 22 schools and a budget exceeding $ 50 million. There are four high schools: Vincent Massey High School , Crocus Plains Regional Secondary School , and Neelin High School , and Prairie Hope High School (formerly BSD Off-Campus). Brandon is also home to four post-secondary institutions: Brandon University , Assiniboine Community College , Robertson College , as well as
860-683: The Canadian Heraldic Authority is named after the river. Asessippi Provincial Park , an RV park was built on the east shore of the Shellmouth Reservoir. The Assiniboine River has changed course numerous times over past centuries. It has followed its modern course for approximately 700 years. The Assiniboine River formerly met the Red River near the present-day mouth of the La Salle River. A Government of Manitoba report following
903-467: The Canadian Pacific Railway arrived in Grand Valley. It was Rosser's job to choose the townsites for the railway. Rosser approached Dougald McVicar of Grand Valley and offered him $ 25,000 for the railway in Grand Valley. McVicar countered with $ 50,000 to which Rosser replied that "I'll be damned if a town of any kind is ever built here". So instead Rosser crossed the Assiniboine river and built
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#1732856215426946-511: The Canadian Pacific Railway . Known as The Wheat City , Brandon's economy is predominantly associated with agriculture , as well as health care, manufacturing, food processing, education, business services, and transportation. Brandon's post-secondary institutions include Brandon University , Assiniboine Community College , Robertson College , and the Manitoba Emergency Services College . Canadian Forces Base Shilo
989-647: The Hudson Bay Post , Fort Ellice located near present-day St. Lazare, Manitoba . The city of Brandon gets its name from the Blue Hills south of the city, which got their name from a Hudson's Bay trading post known as Brandon House , which got its name from a hill on an island in James Bay where Captain James had anchored his ship in 1631. During the 1870s it was believed by most that the transcontinental railway would take
1032-459: The Manitoba Emergency Services College . The city is served by Brandon Regional Health Centre . The 300 bed hospital is the largest in the Westman Region . Water and sewage services are provided by the City of Brandon. The city draws water from the Assiniboine River where it is then treated and fluoridated at the community's water treatment plant on McDonald Avenue. The Assiniboine River's flow
1075-470: The Palliser's Triangle region of the Prairies. There is measurable rainfall on 56.0 days throughout the year, and 38.8 days with snowfall. Snow falls from October to April; however, snow has fallen as late as May and as early as September. The highest temperature ever recorded in Brandon was 43.3 °C (110 °F) on 11 July 1936, during the 1936 North American heat wave . The lowest temperature ever recorded
1118-503: The Saskatchewan border. Brandon has a dry continental climate ( Köppen Dfb , USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 2b ) with warm, sometimes hot summers and cold, dry winters. Daytime temperatures range from 26.0 °C (78.8 °F) in July to −10.5 °C (13.1 °F) in January. Brandon has a fairly dry climate, with 462 mm (18.2 in) of precipitation annually, and as such is located in
1161-762: The Sioux people, the Bungays, the Yellow Quills , and the Bird Tails . In the 1870s and early 1880s, the Plains Bison were nearly wiped out by over-hunting. With the destruction of their staff of life, the buffalo, the nomadic Sioux people began to agree to settle in reservations such as the Sioux Valley Dakota Nation , or left the area entirely. French Canadians also passed through the area on river boats on their way to
1204-418: The 2011 Assiniboine River Flood found that the flood "could have resulted in the river flowing east by a different route, possibly joining the Red River south of Winnipeg, or potentially even flowing north to Lake Manitoba as it did thousands of years ago," without the flood control infrastructure currently in place. Notable tributaries of the Assiniboine River include: There are three hydrometric stations on
1247-408: The Assiniboine in this reach. Near Portage la Prairie the river emerges from the delta reach onto the relatively flat Red River plain (the floor of former Glacial Lake Agassiz) and at this point it can flow in any direction from roughly northwest to roughly southeast. The gradient of the river channel within the delta reach to the west is relatively high, so the river water velocities are fairly high and
1290-499: The Assiniboine river. It is located in the Canadian Prairies and resides in the aspen parkland ecoregion of the prairies. The terrain is generally flat and rolling surrounding Brandon, and there is a large valley located within the city. The Brandon hills are located to the southeast, from which Brandon got its name. Brandon is 214 km (133 mi) west of the provincial capital, Winnipeg; and 120 km (75 mi) east of
1333-663: The Brandon University School of Music hosts the annual 'Pro Series' which has included guests like Bob Brookmeyer, George Crumb, and the Winnipeg Symphony Orchestra. In 2009, Brandon hosted the Western Canadian Music Awards . The "Words Alive" was a yearly literary festival held in downtown Brandon, from 2007–2010. Authors that participated in this festival included Robert J. Sawyer , Maggie Siggins , Fred Stenson and Corey Redekop. Some of
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1376-563: The Sioux, hence Stony Sioux name was possibly given because they used heated stones in cooking their food." The Assiniboine River rises in eastern Saskatchewan east of the community of Kelvington on the upper prairie level above the Manitoba Escarpment . The Assiniboine River flows through three basic zones with different channel characteristics. Upstream of Brandon , the main stem of the river and its most important tributaries flow within
1419-482: The flow in Brandon was a little over 9 m/s while the outflow from Shellmouth was 5.7 m/s and inflow was less than 0.5 m/s. Therefore without the dam the flow in the Assiniboine at Brandon would be a bit under 4 m/s. Asessippi Provincial Park is established around the southern arm of the lake. The dam is 70 feet (21 m) high and 4,200 feet (1,300 m) long. The reservoir is 35 miles (56 km) in length and stores 390,000 acre feet (480 million cubic metres) at
1462-449: The railway was once again changed, there was still hope that Grand Valley could become a rival neighbour to Brandon. But late in June 1881 it became clear that Grand Valley would not have lasted as a city long term. A flood hit in late June, and as the city was built on a low-lying part of the river, flooded quickly and dramatically. Because Grand Valley was built on a low flood plain, and Brandon
1505-403: The river that have been taking measurements since 1913. The Assiniboine River near Headingley has an average discharge of 45 cubic metres per second (1,600 cu ft/s). One millimeter of runoff from half the watershed would take 70 hours to drain at flow rates of 360 cubic metres per second (13,000 cu ft/s). The following discharge rates were recorded during the 1995 flood: It
1548-513: The site of the railway on the high sandy south of the River, 2 miles (3.2 km) west of Grand Valley. So the site was then moved to a site just west of today's current First Street bridge in Brandon. A shanty had been built there by a man named J.D. Adamson, and it was on this quarter section Adamson claimed that Rosser chose as the townsite for the CPR Railway and named Brandon. After the location of
1591-629: The spillway crest level of 1,408.5 feet (429.3 m). Outflows are controlled by a gated conduit and a 210-foot (64 m) wide concrete chute spillway . The normal summer level target is between 1,400 feet (430 m) and 1,404 feet (428 m). Fish species include walleye , yellow perch , northern pike , mooneye , burbot , rock bass , brown bullhead , white sucker , shorthead redhorse and common carp . Rock bass are Saskatchewan's only native bass. Assiniboine River The Assiniboine River ( / ə ˈ s ɪ n ɪ b ɔɪ n / ə- SIN -ih-boyn ; French : Rivière Assiniboine )
1634-508: The waters of the river carry significant amounts of sediment. The gradient in the flat Red River plain is much less and the velocity of the river water flowing over this plain is much lower. Therefore, the sediments carried by the river waters as they flow through the delta reach are deposited onto the plain. The Assiniboine winds its way east eventually joining the Red River at " The Forks " in Winnipeg, Manitoba . Today, Assiniboine Herald at
1677-457: The watersheds of Lake Manitoba and the La Salle River, the top 10 calculated natural peak flow rates before construction of the current flood infrastructure are: Fish species commonly found in the river include walleye , yellow perch , northern pike , mooneye , burbot , channel catfish, brown bullhead , rock bass , white sucker , shorthead redhorse , and common carp . Brandon, Manitoba Brandon ( / ˈ b r æ n d ə n / )
1720-589: Was a coal powered plant that operated until about 2018. It is now natural gas fueled and runs only as a synchronous condenser to regulate grid voltage in southwest Manitoba. The Brandon Sun publishes daily newspapers. Brandon hosts many art festivals every year, including the Brandon Festival of the Arts, Brandon Jazz Festival, and the Brandon Folk Music Festival. In addition to the music festivals,
1763-566: Was built on the heights on the other side, it became apparent that Brandon was the best place for a city in the area. Rosser had chosen Brandon as the townsite in May 1881, within a year settlers had flocked to Brandon in such numbers that it was incorporated as a city. Brandon never spent any time as a town or village but has only existed as a city. An internment camp was set up at the Exhibition Building in Brandon from September 1914 to July 1916. Post World War II , Brandon experienced
Shellmouth Reservoir - Misplaced Pages Continue
1806-557: Was declared in the wake of one in three hundred-year floods on the Assiniboine River at Brandon. Below are the actual observed flow rates for major floods at different locations along the river: Looking specifically at the Assiniboine River at Portage La Prairie, where maximum river flows occur prior to historical spillovers (prior to construction of the Portage Diversion and the Lower Assiniboine River Dikes) into
1849-436: Was −46.7 °C (−52 °F) on 1 February 1893. General seasons In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Brandon had a population of 51,313 living in 21,203 of its 22,526 total private dwellings, a change of 5% from its 2016 population of 48,883. With a land area of 79.04 km (30.52 sq mi), it had a population density of 649.2/km (1,681.4/sq mi) in 2021. The median age
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