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30-418: Sedov may refer to: STS Sedov , a sail training ship Sedov (surname) Georgiy Sedov (icebreaker) 2785 Sedov , an asteroid Cape Sedov , an Antarctic ice cape Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Sedov . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

60-414: A centerboard or deep keel, which is much needed when sailing across or close to the wind. Timbers can be added as necessary compromise but always with some loss of the fundamental benefits of the construction method. Clinker construction remains a useful method of construction for small wooden vessels, especially for sea-going dinghies which need to be light enough to be readily moved and stored when out of

90-572: A clinker hull took all the hogging and sagging forces imposed by the ship moving through large waves. In carvel construction, these forces are also taken by the edge-to-edge contact of the hull planks. From Middle English carvel, carvelle, carvile, kervel (“small ship; caravel ”); from Old French caruelle, carvelle, kirvelle . The term was used in English when caravels became popular in Northern European waters from c.  1440 onwards, and

120-409: A heavier but more rigid hull, capable of taking a variety of sail rigs . Clinker (lapstrake) construction involves longitudinal overlapping "riven timber" (split wood) planks that are fixed together over very light scantlings . A carvel boat has a smoother surface which gives the impression that it is more hydrodynamically efficient since the exposed edges of the clinker planking appear to disturb

150-720: A sail training vessel of the Soviet Navy . Renamed Sedov after the Arctic explorer Georgy Sedov who died during an investigation in the Arctic in 1914, she was used as a training ship of the Navy from 1952 to 1957. From 1957 to 1966 she was used as an oceanographic research ship in the North Atlantic . In 1966 when she was transferred to the reserve in Kronstadt , formally under the civil ownership of

180-465: A small overall displacement. Due to the light nature of the construction method, increasing the beam did not commensurately increase the vessel's survivability under the twisting forces arising if, for example, when sailing downwind, the wave-train impinges on the quarter rather than dead astern. In these conditions greater beam widths may have made clinker vessels more vulnerable. As torsional forces increased in proportion to displaced (or cargo) weight,

210-585: A time-consuming and physically demanding job. The modern variation is to use much narrower planks that are edge-glued instead of being caulked. With modern power sanders a much smoother hull is produced, as all the small ridges between the planks can be removed. This method started to become more common in the 1960s with the more widespread availability of waterproof glues, such as resorcinol (red glue) and then epoxy resin. Modern waterproof glues, especially epoxy resin, have caused revolutionary changes in carvel and clinker construction. Traditionally, nails provided

240-409: Is clinker construction ; in the classical period "plank first" involved joining the edges of planks with mortise and tenon joints within the thickness of the timbers, superficially giving the smooth-hull appearance of carvel construction, but achieved by entirely different means. Compared to clinker-built hulls, carvel construction allowed larger ships to be built. This is because the fastenings of

270-402: Is greater internal hull space available. A clinker vessel whose ribs occupy less space than a carvel vessel's is more suitable for cargo which is bulky rather than dense. A structural benefit of clinker construction is that it produces a vessel that can safely twist and flex around its long axis (running from bow to stern). This is an advantage in North Atlantic rollers, provided the vessel has

300-538: Is managed by the Kaliningrad State Technical University. Carvel (boat building) Carvel built or carvel planking is a method of boat building in which hull planks are laid edge to edge and fastened to a robust frame, thereby forming a smooth surface. Traditionally the planks are neither attached to, nor slotted into, each other, having only a caulking sealant between the planks to keep water out. Modern carvel builders may attach

330-567: The Seychelles . On 9 August 1936, Magdalene Vinnen II was sold to Norddeutscher Lloyd of Bremen and renamed Kommodore Johnsen . The new owner modified her to a cargo-carrying training ship. She came under Russian state ownership after the surrender of Germany — on 20 December 1945, the British handed over the ship to the Soviet Union as war reparation. In the Soviet Union, she was converted into

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360-408: The streamline and cause drag. A clinker certainly has a slightly larger wetted area, but a carvel hull is not necessarily more efficient: for given hull strength, the clinker boat is overall lighter, and displaces less water than a heavily-framed carvel hull. As cargo vessels become bigger, the vessel's weight becomes small in comparison with total displacement; and for a given external volume, there

390-458: The "eye" of the builder. Therefore fewer very highly skilled personnel are needed. One of the transitional ships is the Yassi Ada ship (seventh century CE), which was excavated between 1960 and 1965. This had the lower strakes of planking fastened edge-to-edge with mortises and tenons, then the floor s were added, followed by more planking joined with tenons. This brought the planking up to

420-510: The 9th century. Its slow adoption involved some variation and experimentation. Some ships were built using "framing-first", as opposed to the full "frame-first" system. In "framing-first", some of the framing is installed in the lower part of the hull, followed by the planking of that area, more framing is added to increase the height of the hull, and then more planking added to that. (The Romano-Celtic ship-building tradition of Northern Europe used "framing-first", but this part of Europe did not adopt

450-670: The Baltic region is the wreck of Gribshunden , flagship of the Danish-Norwegian King Hans. The three-masted ship was built in 1485 probably near Rotterdam, and served as Hans's "floating castle" for ten years before sinking in June 1495. Clinker was the predominant method of ship construction used in Northern Europe before the carvel. In clinker built hulls, the planked edges overlap; carvel construction with its strong framing gives

480-638: The Ministry of Fisheries. In 1981, Sedov reappeared after renovation. Based at the Baltic Division of Training Ships in Riga she embarked cadets from schools of navigation of Kaliningrad and Murmansk. After the declaration of independence of Latvia in 1991, she left Riga for Murmansk, transferred to the Murmansk naval school with the city of Murmansk ensuring her management and maintenance. On 20 June 2013, Sedov

510-455: The dead of night to avoid being served a writ by AFPER (French association of holders of Russian Empire bonds) the following morning. For over a year French holders of defaulted Russian bonds were warning they were going to reorganize and export their claim to Anglo-Saxon jurisdictions, more friendly to private citizens than the French. In May 2008, in the wake of British-Russian tension, Sedov

540-590: The forces incident on the hull imposed an upper limit on the size of clinker-built vessels. The greater rigidity of carvel construction became necessary for larger offshore cargo vessels. Later carvel-built sailing vessels exceeded the maximum size of clinker-built ships several times over. A further clinker limitation is that it does not readily support the point loads associated with lateen or sloop sailing rigs. At least some fore-and-aft sails are desirable for manoeuvrability. The same problem in providing for concentrated loads creates difficulties siting and supporting

570-483: The full "frame-first" method until much later, as discussed below.) The changeover from planking-first to frame-first happened over the same period that the Mediterranean Square Sail rig was being replaced by lateen rig. That change has been suggested to save building, fitting out and maintenance costs (though previously it was thought to be to achieve better sailing performance – something which, against

600-404: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sedov&oldid=933117174 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages STS Sedov Sedov , originally named Magdalene Vinnen II ,

630-573: The method of hull construction took the name of the first vessel type made in that way in English and European shipyards. Carvel construction originated in the Mediterranean during the first millennium CE. It gradually replaced the edge-to-edge joining of hull planks by mortises and tenons – a "planking first" technique – which had been used by ancient Egyptians, Phoenicians and for much of classical antiquity . Archaeological evidence for this transition suggests it took place from c.  500 CE to

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660-408: The planks to each other with glues and fixings. It is a "frame first" method of hull construction, where the shape is determined by the framework onto which the planks are fixed. This is in contrast to "plank first" or "shell first" methods, where the outer skin of the hull is made and then reinforced by the insertion of timbers that are fitted to that shape. The most common modern "plank first" method

690-548: The present day). The different methods were known of by mariners in both places, but when, for instance, Mediterranean galleys were employed by the French and English during the Hundred Years' War , shipwrights familiar with carvel work had to be recruited to carry out maintenance and repairs. In the 1440s interest in the caravel grew in northern waters and shipyards there started building caravels in carvel construction. An archaeological example of an early carvel-built ship in

720-474: The presumptions of many maritime historians, can be shown not to have happened). The move to carvel construction is believed to be another cost-saving measure (though it is felt that this is not well understood by marine archaeologists). The difficult skill of mortising planks at precisely the right angle (where the hull is curved at the turn of the bilges ) is avoided. Carvel construction allows hull shape to be determined by design, whilst planking-first relies on

750-427: The ship the first sailing ship with auxiliary engine designed to modern principles. Magdalene Vinnen II was at the time the world’s largest auxiliary barque and exclusively used as a cargo ship with a crew that was partially made up of cadets. She sailed on her maiden voyage on 1 September 1921. Until her last voyage as Magdalene Vinnen II in 1936, the ship sailed to Argentina, South Africa, Australia, Reunion and

780-402: The water. Traditional carvel methods leave a small gap between each plank that is caulked with any suitable soft, flexible, fibrous material, sometimes combined with a thick binding substance, which would gradually wear out and the hull would leak. When the boat was beached for a length of time, the planks would dry and shrink, so when first refloated, the hull would leak badly unless re-caulked,

810-425: The waterline. Further frames were added to this next set of planking, but these continued up to the height of the intended sheerline. The strakes from the waterline up were then fastened on as carvel planking (with some wales interspersed with the regular strakes). Northern Europe used clinker construction for the period discussed above, and into the 15th century (and continued to do so for many small craft into

840-481: Was launched at Kiel , Germany in 1921 by the Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft for the shipping company F. A. Vinnen & Co. of Bremen , one of the largest German shipping companies at the beginning of the 20th century. The shipping company initially objected to have an engine installed in the ship, but the ship yard (with backing from a Government committee) successfully argued for an engine, making

870-550: Was in collision with the Kraweel Lisa von Lübeck off Texel , North Holland , Netherlands. Both vessels put into Den Helder . Sedov has regularly been targeted by unpaid creditors of the Russian Federation such as Nessim Gaon (of now defunct Swiss group NOGA, an anagram of Gaon) and also by French holders of defaulted Russian bonds; in 2002 Sedov was forced to precipitously and unexpectedly leave Marseilles in

900-458: Was instructed by Moscow not to dock as planned at Southend-on-Sea . The September 2008 visit to Falmouth , the starting point of FUNCHAL 500 race to Madeira , also seemed to be in jeopardy. In 2011 Sedov celebrated her 90th anniversary. In 2012 Sedov started her first voyage around the world of more than 13 months. The voyage ended on 20 July 2013 at Saint Petersburg , Russia. In 2017, Sedov changed her home port to Kaliningrad and she

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