73-655: The A183 road runs from South Shields in Tyne and Wear , through Sunderland and ends at Chester-le-Street in County Durham . It is a major route in South Tyneside , Sunderland and Chester-le-Street serving many areas and landmarks along its route. The road begins in the centre of South Shields, at a junction with the A194 and A1018 , near the Town Hall, as Beach Road . It follows
146-573: A 50mph speed limit dual carriageway 'Wessington Way' passing through the southern edge of Southwick , Castletown and Hylton Castle . To the south, the Hylton Riverside retail park is parallel to the road. Along this section a park and ride scheme operates on matchdays for visitors to the Stadium of Light . The road passes over the A19 and heads west toward Washington as the 'Sunderland Highway'. Just past
219-491: A boom in the town. The population increased from 12,000 in 1801 to 75,000 by the 1860s, bolstered by economic migration from Ireland, Scotland and other parts of England. These industries played a fundamental part in creating wealth both regionally and nationally. In 1832, with the Great Reform Act, South Shields and Gateshead were each given their own Member of Parliament and became boroughs, resulting in taxes being paid to
292-548: A completed dual carriageway. The roundabout between Pallion New Road, Beech Street, Trimdon Street, Carol Street and Deptford Road no longer exists. This is due to Trimdon Street is on a newer alignment in preparation for the new section of the A1231 being opened. In place of the roundabout is a set of staggered traffic lights with a right turn to Beech Street and then a Left turn onto Pallion New Road (current A1231 as of November 2nd 2021). The new section will continue north into Deptford on
365-525: A completely new road, descending towards the river before bending towards the west. It will go under the Queen Alexandra Bridge (the old A1231), through the old abandoned Doxford shipyards and emerges onto the southern approach road to the Northern Spire bridge. This road looks as though it is now complete. Just a few final touches to be placed and should be open by early 2022. The A1231 becomes
438-547: A control hut in the pier blockyard. In the event of a power cut, each bell was designed to keep ringing for a further six hours. In 1961 the Commissioners installed a groundbreaking system by which the two fog bells would be switched on and off by the keepers on duty in the Tynemouth Pier lighthouse, using an ' infra-red ray ' beamed across the river. This was in turn replaced by a radio link to an automatic fog detector when
511-411: A fishing port. The name South Shields developed from the 'Schele' or 'Shield', which was a small dwelling used by fishermen. Another industry that was introduced, was that of salt-panning, later expanded upon in the 15th century, polluting the air and surrounding land. In 1864, a Tyne Commissioners dredger brought up a nine-pounder breech-loading cannon; more cannonballs have been found in the sands beside
584-472: A miniature steam railway; boating lake; a ten-pin bowling centre and an amphitheatre. There is a good choice of restaurants, cafes, public houses and nightlife as well as hotels, guest houses and caravan parks in and around the town. South Shields plays host to an annual free summer festival and each autumn the town is the seaside finish to the week as well as public gala shows at the Customs House. During
657-626: A permanent exhibition dedicated to the life and times of Catherine Cookson. From 1985 to 2009 the area marketed itself as " Catherine Cookson Country", which attracted many visitors. They are a number of trade related landmarks: this includes the headquarters, warehouse and factory of the fashion company Barbour ; the Customs House theatre and arts venue and the historic Mill Dam riverside. The town hosts traditional, continental and farmers' markets and has high street of shops. Geographical landmarks include The Leas cliff tops and Haven Point as well as
730-529: A play on the subject of the 1930 Yemeni Riot. The resultant play RIOT was staged at the venue in 2005 and 2008. In 2008, South Shields resident and filmmaker Tina Gharavi unveiled plans for a plaque to mark Ali's visit. In 2008, a critically acclaimed exhibition about the South Shields Yemeni community was held entitled The Last of the Dictionary Men – Stories from South Shields' Yemeni Sailors ,
803-722: A series of breaches and collapses meant that the North Pier was completed much later and to a different design. Following completion of the North Pier, in January 1908 the South Pier Lighthouse was provided with a bell, which sounded once every thirty seconds during foggy weather (in contrast to the reed fog horn sounded from the North Pier light). On 20 October 2023, Storm Babet hit the North East Coast with high winds. The South Pier Lighthouse lost its dome due to waves breaching
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#1732852300732876-592: A vessel approaching from seaward on the correct course, green to a vessel off-course to the north, and red to one off-course to the south. In 1928, both the South Pier and the Groyne lights were converted from incandescent gas to automatic electric operation. They were run off mains electricity (the gas lights being retained as an emergency standby). At the same time each lighthouse was equipped with an electrically activated fog bell; these were switched on and off remotely from
949-474: A wide range of other flexible vocational and training courses. Local schooling is generally regarded as being very good, which is reflected in continuing improvements to school results and independent inspections. In 2007, Brinkburn Comprehensive and King George V Comprehensive merged forming South Shields Community School . The new school was built at a cost of £19 million on the King George V School site and
1022-489: Is South Shields Town Hall , built 1905–1910, a sumptuous building "the most convincing expression in the county of Edwardian prosperity". The architect was E. E. Fetch of London. Ornamentation includes several references to the town's nautical heritage: Britannia and other sculpted figures in the pediment above the front entrance, a figure of Mercury atop a globe on the dome of the Council chamber, fountains and nymph lampholders in
1095-781: Is a mosque at Laygate, including the Yemeni School, which was visited by American boxer Muhammad Ali in 1977. He had his marriage blessed at the Al-Azhar Mosque, one of the earliest mosques in UK. It is often noted that Al-Azhar in South Shields is the first purpose-built mosque in the UK, however, this is the Shah Jahan Mosque in Woking. This story is covered in a documentary film, The King of South Shields . Throughout April and early May 2008,
1168-567: Is adequate rainfall year-round. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is " Cfb " (Marine West Coast Climate/ Oceanic climate ). Before 1820, South Shields was a predominantly sparse hamlet- and village-based rural economy with some small-scale shipbuilding, glass making and salt processing along the riverside. Beyond 1820 and into the Industrial Revolution , South Shields expanded into an urban settlement built around shipbuilding and coal mining. Migration came from up
1241-411: Is further developing its freight and passenger activities. In 2007, it imported two million tonnes of coal. Manufacturing and ship repair/engineering are other significant sectors. South Shields benefits from significant public and private sector investment. More recently this has included primarily the town centre, riverside and foreshore areas, given the decline of once-traditional heavy industries with
1314-581: Is now the town of South Shields dates from pre-historic times. Stone Age arrow heads and an Iron Age round house have been discovered on the site of Arbeia Roman Fort. The Roman garrison built a fort here around AD 160 and expanded it around AD 208 to help supply their soldiers along Hadrian's Wall as they campaigned north beyond the Antonine Wall . Divisions living at the fort included Tigris bargemen (from Persia and modern day Iraq), infantry from Iberia and Gaul, and Syrian archers and spearmen. The fort
1387-774: Is situated in a peninsula setting, where the River Tyne meets the North Sea . It has six miles of coastline and three miles of river frontage, dominated by the massive North and South Piers at the mouth of the Tyne. These are best viewed from the Lawe Top, which also houses two replicas of cannon captured from the Russians during the Crimean War , the originals having been melted down during World War II. The town slopes gently from Cleadon Hills down to
1460-526: Is the fourth largest settlement in Tyne and Wear , after Newcastle upon Tyne , Sunderland and Gateshead . Historically within the county of Durham , South Shields is south of North Shields and Tynemouth across the River Tyne; and east of Newcastle upon Tyne and Jarrow . Evidence of human inhabitation at South Shields dates from the Late Mesolithic. The first evidence of a settlement within what
1533-525: Is the third largest in Tyne and Wear , after Newcastle upon Tyne and Sunderland with 1.7% of the town's population being Bangladeshi or 1300 people. Nearly all of the ethnic minority population in South Tyneside is concentrated in South Shields town centre and suburban areas immediately to the south such as Rekendyke and Westoe. There are hardly any in Jarrow , Hebburn which are the other two major areas in
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#17328523007321606-469: Is visible during the day as well as by night), rendered the High and Low Lights of North Shields redundant, and they were therefore decommissioned at the same time. The Herd Groyne lighthouse was refurbished and repainted in 2014, and still acts as a navigational aid to ships entering the River Tyne. In 2015 it was stated that the fog bells on the two lighthouses were no longer operational. A prominent landmark
1679-614: The A1018 'Commercial Road' in Hendon . It then runs via the 'Esplanade' gyratory on the southern edge of Mowbray Park , just south of the city centre, to an intersection with 'Ryhope Road', which is the main road to the south of the city. Then, as 'Stockton Road', the A1231 heads north, past the Park Lane Interchange and toward the 'Priestman Roundabout' which is the end-point of the A690 road ,
1752-618: The B1344 at a roundabout with the Sea Hotel, which has recently gone into administration after the Coronavirus pandemic . The road then continues along the seafront area of the town as, passing Littlehaven Beach , the fairground, the Amphitheatre, Bents Park and local pubs. The road then turns at Colman's Seafood Temple, famous locally for its Fish & Chips, and passes Gypsies Green Stadium. At
1825-646: The Coast Road until it reaches Souter Lighthouse . There have been plans made by South Tyneside Council to realign a section of the road between the A1300 Redwell Lane and the Souter Lighthouse. The road now becomes Mill Lane as it passes through Whitburn Colliery. The road changes its name to East Street as it passes through Whitburn Village itself, where the road meets the B1299 , taking traffic towards
1898-832: The Grindon estate, where it crosses the B1405. It is here that it becomes a dual carriageway - running past the Pennywell and Hastings Hill estates, past the Sunderland Echo office, to reach the A19 . Past the A19 the road runs past the Herrington Country Park and the Penshaw Monument , through Penshaw , before reaching a large roundabout at Shiney Row with the A182 . Originally,
1971-536: The River Tyne , with other migrants from rural County Durham , Northumberland , Scotland and Ireland. The majority of the people living in South Shields are descendants of those who migrated and settled in the area during the Industrial Revolution in order to work in expanding coalmines and shipyards. Towards the end of the 19th century, with the British Navy needing seamen, Yemeni British sailors settled in
2044-670: The River Wear . The road ends at the A1(M) junction 67, with the A693 and A167 . South Shields South Shields ( / ʃ iː l z / ) is a coastal town in South Tyneside , Tyne and Wear , England; it is on the south bank of the mouth of the River Tyne . The town was once known in Roman times as Arbeia and as Caer Urfa by the Early Middle Ages . In 2021 it had a population of 75,337. It
2117-727: The University of Sunderland , and the UNESCO World Heritage Site St. Peter's Church , built in 674AD (one of the oldest in England), before meeting the A1018 . The two roads run concurrent across the Wearmouth Bridge to cross the River Wear into the city centre, before splitting- the A1018 turning left to go around the eastern edge of the city, with the A183 turning right; looping around
2190-424: The 21st century, the local economy primarily includes port-related, ship repair and offshore industries, manufacturing, retail (nearby Newcastle, Durham, Washington and Sunderland), the public sector and the ever-increasing role of tourism. This is illustrated by the new multi-million Haven centre, Dunes centre and seaside improvements in the coastal area and a new multimillion-pound library The Word . South Shields
2263-509: The A19, the A1231 runs along the southern edge of the Nissan car plant . The A1231 crosses the A182 'Washington Highway' as it passes the 'Galleries' Washington town centre. The A1231 terminates as a feeder to the north-bound A1 north west of Birtley . Despite being designated a primary route, Sunderland City Council deem it necessary to close this section of the road on several Sundays each summer for 'essential maintenance'. Other main roads in
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2336-579: The Anglian Kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia and East Anglia, who hailed from Angelnen in Denmark (modern day Germany). It is said in local folklore that a Viking ship was wrecked at Herd Sands in South Shields in its attempts to disembark at a cove nearby. Other Viking ships were uncovered in South Shields Denmark Centre and nearby Jarrow. The current town was founded in 1245 and developed as
2409-516: The Arab Riots – in 1919 and 1930. However, over time, attitudes to Yemenis in the town were softened and there was no significant recurrence of this violence. After World War II , the Yemeni population declined, partly due to migrations to other industrial areas such as Birmingham , Liverpool and Sheffield . However, the main reason for the reduction in numbers was the end of the shipping industry and
2482-591: The BALTIC Arts Centre in Gateshead chronicled the Yemeni community of South Shields, including interviews with the last remaining survivors of the first Yemeni generation. The exhibition depicted the Yemeni story as an example of early successful multi-cultural integration in Britain, as well as showcasing the high-profile 1977 visit by Muhammad Ali. In 2005, the Customs House commissioned author Peter Mortimer to write
2555-494: The Bangladesh Welfare Association was opened in South Shields. The last shipbuilder, John Readhead & Sons , closed in 1984 and the last pit, Westoe Colliery, closed in 1993. Today, the town relies largely on service industries, whilst many residents commute to work in nearby Newcastle , Gateshead , North Tyneside and Sunderland . Despite a skilled local workforce, for many years South Tyneside had
2628-570: The Government instead of the Bishops of Durham. However, the rapid growth in population brought on by the expansion of industry made sanitation a problem, as evident by Cholera outbreaks and the building of the now-listed Cleadon Water Tower to combat the problem. In the 1850s 'The Tyne Improvement Commission' began to develop the river, dredging it to make it deeper and building the large, impressive North and South Piers to help prevent silt build up within
2701-668: The Lawe; these artifacts belonged to the English civil war. At the outbreak of the war in 1642, the North , West and Ireland supported the King ; the South East and Presbyterian Scotland supported Parliament. In 1644 Parliament's Scottish Covenanter allies, in a lengthy battle, seized the town and its Royalist fortification, the fortification was close to the site of the original Roman fort. They also seized
2774-680: The New Crown Hotel it becomes the Coast Road once past the junction for the Waters Edge public house, the road continues to Marsden without any turn junctions, passing The Leas on the coastal side, the finishing point for the Great North Run . The A183 then meets the A1300 at its junction on Redwell Lane and continues as the Coast Road . Next the road passes the famous Marsden Rock and Marsden Grotto on Marsden Beach. The A183 then continues at
2847-452: The bays of Littlehaven, Sandhaven and Marsden . Notable buildings in and around the town include: Work on the North and South Tyne Piers was begun in 1854 by the newly formed Tyne Improvement Commission , for the protection of shipping entering and leaving the river. The principal architect and engineer was James Walker , until his death in 1862 (whereupon John F. Ure took over). Construction
2920-416: The borough. The population of the South Tyneside Metropolitan borough had decreased from 152,785 in 2001, to 148,127 in 2011. In 2001, the population of South Shields was 82,854. Population data from the 2011 United Kingdom Census return classifies South Shields as a medium-sized coastal town. South Shields has been home to a Yemeni British community since the 1890s. The main reason for the Yemeni arrival
2993-418: The channel. Shipbuilding (along with coal mining), previously a monopoly of the Freemen of Newcastle, became another prominent industry in the town, with John Readhead & Sons Shipyard the largest. During World War I , German Zeppelin airships bombed South Shields in 1916. Later during World War II , the German Luftwaffe repeatedly attacked the town and caused massive damage to industries which supported
A183 road (England) - Misplaced Pages Continue
3066-479: The coal and shipping industries in the town. Given its beautiful setting, parks and trees, this street was often the setting for a number of books by the novelist Catherine Cookson . Westoe village was once a separate village about a mile from South Shields, but urban sprawl has now consumed it, along with the village of Harton to the south on the main route towards Cleadon and Sunderland . Climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there
3139-470: The coastline and are a National Trust protected area. Marsden Bay, with its famous Marsden Rock and historic Grotto public house and restaurant set in the cliffs, is home to one of the largest seabird colonies in Britain. One of the most historic parts of the town is the quaint and beautiful Westoe village, which consists of a quiet street of first grade and second grade Georgian and Victorian houses, many of which had been built by business leaders from
3212-418: The council's efforts to be carbon neutral. Through Seaburn, the road passes lots of restaurants and bars, and also the B1291, before passing another roundabout, which mean we enter Roker . After about 0.8 miles (1.3 km), it turns right onto Harbour View . It winds alongside the River Wear , before becoming Dame Dorothy Street , where it passes the National Glass Centre , the St. Peter's campus of
3285-416: The county boundary, once again becoming Chester Road . The road becomes single carriageway once more, and passes out of Sunderland through Bournmoor , before passing the northern end of the A1052 at another roundabout. It runs downhill alongside the River Wear, close to Lumley Castle - this stretch is called New Bridge Bank , and the road crosses over the New Bridge, one of the earliest crossings over
3358-406: The forecourt alongside a statue of Queen Victoria. The 145-foot clock tower contains a Potts chiming clock and five bells, and is topped by a weathervane in the shape of a galleon . The Old Town Hall, a square building of 1768, provides the centrepiece of the Market Place and closes the vista along King Street. The ground floor is open with arches on each side (and a central pillar which predates
3431-425: The fort is thought to be known after the Romans left. Furthermore, Bede records Oswin giving a parcel of land to St Hilda for the foundation of a monastery here in c. 647 ; the present-day church of St Hilda , by the Market Place, is said to stand on the monastic site. In the ninth century, Scandinavian peoples made Viking raids on monasteries and settlements all along the coast, and later conquered
3504-446: The green sector is used to indicate safe waters near the coast to the north of Tynemouth, while red indicates an area with numerous wrecks to the east and south of the lighthouse. The pier is 5,150 ft (1,570 m) long (accessible from South Shields seafront, it is open to the public except in bad weather). It was originally intended that the North ( Tynemouth ) Pier and lighthouse would mirror their South Shields counterparts, but
3577-416: The highest unemployment rate in mainland Britain, although between December 2002 and December 2008 unemployment in South Shields fell by 17.8%, and that of South Tyneside by 17.7%, the best performance in the North East region over that time period. In January 2011, the Guardian reported the unemployment rate at 6.5%, and at 7.5% in October 2011. The Port of Tyne is one of the UK's most important and
3650-469: The latter lighthouse was automated in 1967. At the same time the South Shields lights were themselves fully automated, with the addition of standby diesel alternators and automatic lamp changers . In 1999, the white sector of the light was intensified by the addition of a PEL sector light above the optic, with the same occulting characteristic but a range of 19 nautical miles (rather than 13, as previously). The installation of this powerful light (which
3723-433: The main trunk road to the south-west of the city and Durham . Immediately north of 'Priestman', the A1231 is a dual carriageway named 'St. Michael's Way', part of which it shares with the A183 road to the 'Livingstone Road' / 'Silksworth Row' roundabout. The A1231 then leads north west as 'Silksworth Row' then past a retail park as 'Trimdon Street'; and past Corning Glass Works as 'Pallion New Road', before reaching
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#17328523007323796-441: The need for sailors as coal-burning ships decreased in numbers. Today, the Yemeni population of South Shields numbers around 1,000. Many Yemeni sailors married local women and became integrated with the wider community, resulting with a migrant population less distinct than in other mixed communities across the UK. The Yemeni are the first, settled Muslim community in Britain and have been used to justify multiculturalism . There
3869-436: The north-western edge of the city centre as St. Mary's Way and Livingstone Road . Afterwards, we follow St. Michael's Way with the A1231 for around 275 yards (251 m), where the A183 turns right onto Chester Road . As Chester Road it runs past the city campus of the University, and through a commercial section before reaching the Sunderland Royal Hospital . It runs alongside Bishopwearmouth Cemetery towards
3942-431: The pier wall. There is a third lighthouse, just upstream of the pier, on the Herd Groyne at South Shields (which was constructed in 1861–67 to preserve Littlehaven Beach, then known as Herd Sands, which had begun to be washed away by the change of currents caused by the new piers). This very unusual lighthouse resembling a 1940s sci-fi movie space craft was built by Newcastle-upon-Tyne Trinity House in 1882 (ownership
4015-439: The port of Aden , then under British protection. At the end of the war, the Yemeni population of South Shields had swelled to well over 3,000. Shields lost one of the largest proportions of Merchant Navy sailors. Approximately 1 in 4 of these men was of Yemeni background. The port in South Shields employed men of Yemen, Aden, Somalia, African, Indian and Malaysian nationalities. Disputes over jobs led to race riots – also called
4088-424: The rest of the structure); the enclosed first floor has pitched roof, topped by a wooden bell turret. Originally built and used by the Dean and Chapter of Durham , it was sold by them to the town Corporation in 1855. South Shields is home to South Tyneside College , one of the two leading maritime training centres in the UK, with facilities including a marine safety training centre and a simulated ship's bridge for
4161-441: The river. Cleadon Hills are made conspicuous by the Victorian Cleadon Water Tower and pumping station (opened in 1860 to improve sanitation) and a now derelict windmill , both of which are listed and can be seen from many miles away and also out at sea. South Shields boasts extensive beaches, sand dunes and coves, as well as dramatic Magnesian Limestone cliffs with grassy areas above known as The Leas , which cover three miles of
4234-456: The road carried on through Shiney Row - but due to traffic-calming measures and the opening of a new link road past the new Biddick Woods Estate (which lies to the west of Shiney Row), the B1519 uses the old A183. Instead, A183 becomes Washington Highway , and shares the A182 for approx 0.4 miles (0.64 km), before coming onto its own again at Biddick Woods, changing its name to Basswood Road . It then links onto its original route just short of
4307-622: The side of the town hall for 0.223 kilometres (0.139 mi), before turning left at a roundabout, becoming Anderson Street It follows Anderson Street for around 0.389 kilometres (0.242 mi), before turning right at a Morrisons. During that period, it meets Winchester Street after 0.151 kilometres (0.094 mi) at a roundabout, and a ramp to the Woodbine Estate after approximately 0.222 kilometres (0.138 mi) Here it becomes Ocean Road , famous locally for its Indian restaurants . The A183 then becomes Sea Road as it passes between North Marine Park and South Marine Park , before meeting
4380-402: The south end of Northern Spire Bridge to cross the Wear . There are plans to convert the section from the city centre to dual carriageway. The section along Silksworth Row has been amended to run on a much straighter and wider alignment than before. The roundabout between Silksworth Row and Trimdon Street has been remodeled into a large roundabout with additional lanes and Trimdon Street is now
4453-468: The town of Newburn . These raids were done to aid their ongoing siege of the heavily fortified Newcastle upon Tyne, and in a bid to control the River Tyne, and the North, and the Shields siege helped cause their battalions to maneuver south to York; this may have also led to a brief winter skirmish on the outskirts of Boldon , though the topography is not favourable for a battle. In the 19th century, coal mining, alkaline production and glass making led to
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#17328523007324526-421: The town's growing importance as a major commercial centre and tourist destination. The town is a popular seaside resort with multiple landmarks and tourist attractions. As with other resorts tourism is a large part of the town's economy: to attract tourists the town has an extensive network of cycle paths and walking trails; a promenade; parks-and-gardens; fairground rides; amusement arcades, crazy golf, laser tag,
4599-456: The town, this resulted in the first roots of the Yemeni British community in the town. In South Shields, 6.7% of the population are from an ethnic minority (non white British), compared with 5.0% in the surrounding borough of South Tyneside . Most of the Asians in South Shields are Bangladeshi, with the Beacon and Bents ward that covers South Shields town centre, had 9.9% of the population registering as that ethnicity. The Bangladeshi community
4672-417: The training of deck officers. The college was also home to the only planetarium in the region, and to an observatory ; and in its time was a popular visitor attraction for local schools and visitors in general. The observatory was used for 20 years and in 2008 it was deemed redundant to the future curriculum needs of the college. The domed room that housed the planetarium is now a mosque. The college provides
4745-514: The village of Cleadon . After passing Cornthwaite Park, the A183 becomes Whitburn Bents Road and enters the borough of Sunderland. Once through Whitburn , the road continues as Whitburn Bents Road , before changing its name to Whitburn Road , as we reach a roundabout with Lowry Road - the entrance to a Morrisons - here we enter Seaburn , which was the home of the annual Sunderland International Airshow which attracted 1.2 million visitors, before Sunderland Council stopped doing it in 2019, due to
4818-542: The war effort, killing many innocent residents. Particularly, a bomb shelter in the market place of South Shields, where the deceased were commemorated in a cobblestone of the British flag. Later controversially removed and the bodies interred elsewhere. Gradually throughout the late 20th century, the coal and shipbuilding industries were closed, due to competitive pressures from more cost-effective sources of energy (including workers) and more efficient shipbuilding elsewhere in Eastern Europe (e.g. Poland) and in South East Asia. In
4891-425: The week is the Magic Convention – 3 days of lectures and shows by the world's best magicians. A notable landmark in the town is the reconstructed Roman fort and excavations of the ancient Arbeia Roman Castra . This form part of the Hadrian's Wall World Heritage Site . South Shields is also home of the oldest provincial newspaper in the UK, the Shields Gazette . The town's museum & art gallery, includes
4964-441: Was abandoned as the Roman Empire declined in the fourth century AD. Many ruins still exist today and some structures have been rebuilt as part of a modern museum and popular tourist attraction. There is evidence that the site was used in the early post-Roman period as a British settlement. It is believed it became a royal residence of King Osric of Deira ; records show that his son Oswin was born within ' Caer Urfa', by which name
5037-402: Was delayed by storm damage in 1862, which led to parts of the foundations having to be rebuilt. The South Pier was finished in 1895 and its lighthouse was operational that same year (it was equipped with a third-order fixed optic and a clockwork occulting mechanism , by Chance Brothers & Co. ). The lighthouse currently displays an occulting sector light with white, red and green sectors;
5110-436: Was held at the Baltic Centre for Contemporary Art , Gateshead . In 2009, the detective series George Gently , based on the novels by Alan Hunter , portrayed the Yemeni integration in a 1960s setting. The Bangladeshi community is actually larger than the Yemeni community. However, Yemenis have been in South Shields a lot longer. The Bangladeshi community is the third largest in the North East of England . In 2008,
5183-418: Was opened in September 2011. However this school closed in 2020. A1231 road The A1231 road connects Sunderland and Washington in Tyne and Wear , North East England . It is the main road connecting these towns and is one of the main roads giving access to Sunderland city centre. The A1231 originates as a single carriageway at the 'Whitehouse Road' / 'Addison Road' roundabout junction with
5256-471: Was passed to the Tyne Improvement Commission the following year). It consists of an upper hexagonal part (including the lantern) of wood and corrugated iron construction, sitting on twelve cylindrical steel legs. The whole structure is painted red and stands 49 ft (15 m) in height. The Groyne shows an occulting light which marks a safe entrance course between the piers, showing white to
5329-575: Was the supply of seamen, such as engine room firemen, to British merchant vessels. Similar communities were founded in Hull , Liverpool and Cardiff . In 1909, the first Arab Seamen's Boarding House opened in the Holborn riverside district of the town. At the time of the First World War there was a shortage of crews due to the demands of the fighting and many Yemenis were recruited to serve on British ships at
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