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50-642: Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg Count Leopold Anton Eleutherius von Firmian (1679-1744) commissioned the palace in 1736 on the shores of an existing pond after he had enriched himself in the process of expelling over 22,000 Protestants from Salzburg. He acquired the area between the palace and the Untersberg as a family estate, which he passed on in May 1744 to his nephew Count Laktanz Firmian, who used it to house his large collection of paintings. This included works of Titian , Dürer , Poussin , Rubens and Rembrandt . After

100-555: A Certificate of Excellence from TripAdvisor . In 2016, the Schloss placed second in the Historic Hotels of Europe's award for a "Best Historic Hotel with 'A Story to Tell'". Notable hotel guests have included Prince Charles , Bill Gates , Kofi Annan , Arnold Schwarzenegger , Hillary Rodham Clinton , Ruth Bader Ginsburg and many more. In 1964, the film The Sound of Music , directed by Robert Wise and starring Julie Andrews ,

150-657: A half years. Soon after, the Magyars ravaged Great Moravia and not a church was left standing in Pannonia. Archbishop Dietmar I fell in battle in 907. It was not until the Battle of Lechfeld in 955 that the Magyars suffered a crushing defeat, and ecclesiastical life in Salzburg returned to normal. The following year after Archbishop Herhold allied with Liudolf, Duke of Swabia and Duke Conrad

200-501: Is an umbrella organisation established to promote like-minded independent hotel associations throughout Europe. Castles, manors, convents, palaces, monasteries, townhouses, villas and residences which have maintained their historic character are part of the HHE. The original concept for forming a Federation with associations representing historic hotels, castles, manors, and restaurants within Europe

250-506: Is much smaller than the ballroom). The setting for the two main love scenes, one between Liesl and Rolf (featuring the song Sixteen Going on Seventeen ) and the other between Maria and the Captain ( Something Good ) was the glass gazebo originally situated in the gardens of the palace. The gazebo interiors were shot on a Hollywood sound stage and only long shots of the Austrian gazebo are seen in

300-689: The Princes of the Holy Roman Empire . The Archbishop also has the title of Legatus Natus ("born legate") to the Pope, which, although not a cardinal , gives the Archbishop the privilege of wearing red vesture (which is much deeper than a cardinal's scarlet), even in Rome. See Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Salzburg for archbishops since 1812. Historic Hotels of Europe The Historic Hotels of Europe ( HHE )

350-677: The Salzach river from the High Tauern range—Mt. Großvenediger at 3,666 m (12,028 ft)—at the main chain of the Alps in the south down to the Alpine foothills in the north. Here it also comprised the present-day Rupertiwinkel on the western shore of the Salzach, which today is part of Bavaria . The former archepiscopal lands are traditionally subdivided into five historic parts ( Gaue ): Flachgau with

400-624: The Wittelsbachs . When the Black Death reached Salzburg in 1347, the Jews were accused of poisoning the wells and suffered severe persecution. In 1473, he summoned the first provincial diet in the history of the archbishopric, and eventually abdicated. It was only Leonard of Keutschach (reigned 1495–1519) who reversed the situation. He had all the burgomasters and town councillors (who were levying unfair taxes) arrested simultaneously and imprisoned in

450-538: The "European Federation of Traditional Accommodation and Historic Houses" was held in Cadiz , Spain and hosted by the "Estancias de España" in 1998. Since this first general meeting, General Assemblies are held twice a year, and the board of directors meet whenever it is necessary for the development of the Federation. The meetings take place all over Europe, and are always hosted by one of the members associations. The Federation

500-530: The 19th century (including a banker and two waiters who wanted to use it as a hotel, King Ludwig I of Bavaria ). In 1918 it was bought by Max Reinhardt , the noted theatre director and co-founder of the Salzburg Festival . By this time the palace was in urgent need of repair. With the work of local artisans, Reinhardt spent twenty years renovating the palace. Besides restoring the staircase, the Great Hall, and

550-508: The Archbishop of Pannonia and Moravia at Sirmium , entrusting him large territories under the overlordship of the Salzburg diocese. It was only when Rastislav and Methodius were captured by King Louis the German that Adalwin could adequately protest the invasion of his rights. Methodius appeared at the Synod of Salzburg where he was struck in the face and imprisoned in close confinement for two and

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600-776: The Chinese room. It also damaged the stucco work in the south facade. Traces of the damage can still be seen today. After the war, the property was returned to the Reinhardt estate. In 1946 Helene Thimig , the widow of Max Reinhardt, offered use of the palace to Clemens Heller, who founded the Salzburg Seminar in American Studies , a " Marshall Plan of the Mind," together with Scott Elledge and Richard Campbell, all Harvard graduate students. The Salzburg Seminar brought together young people from

650-509: The Dukedom of Carinthia, refused to take priestly consecrations, and was replaced by Ulrich , Bishop of Seckau . King Rudolph I of Habsburg quarrelled with the archbishops through the manipulations of Abbot Henry of Admont , and after his death the archbishops and the Habsburgs made peace in 1297. The people and archbishops of Salzburgs remained loyal to the Habsburgs in their struggles against

700-698: The Latin War was besieged in the Hohen-Salzburg , declared a "monster" by Martin Luther , and two later uprisings by the peasants lead to suffering to the entire archdiocese. Later bishops were wiser in the ruling and spared Salzburg the religious wars and devastation seen elsewhere in Germany. Archbishop Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau gave the Protestants the choice of converting to Catholicism or leaving Salzburg. The cathedral

750-713: The Marble Hall, he created the Library, the Venetian Room and a garden theatre. He used the whole building for his theatre productions (the audiences had to move from room to room). He also used it as a gathering place for writers, actors, composers and designers from across the globe. Reinhardt escaped to the United States as persecution of the Jews increased, hoping the Nazis would be defeated in

800-697: The Red of Lorraine , he was deposed, imprisoned, blinded, and banished. Archbishop Bruno of Cologne, called the Bishop-Maker, appointed Frederick I archbishop and declared the Abbacy of St. Peter independent. In the era beginning with Pope Gregory VII , the Latin Christendom entered a period of internal conflict. The first archbishop of the era was Gebhard , who during the Investiture Controversy remained on

850-583: The Romance population, who had maintained Christian traditions. The former theory that he arrived already in c. 543 during the time of the unsourced early Bavarian dukes appears less likely than that he worked during the reign of the Agilolfing duke Theodo II (c. 680–717), when the Bavarian stem duchy came under Frankish supremacy. The bishops of Salzburg traditionally marked the foundation of their diocese as being

900-695: The Salzburg capital and Tarus Tennengau around Hallein are both located in the broad Salzach valley at the rim of the Northern Limestone Alps ; the mountainous ( Innergebirg ) southern divisions are Pinzgau , Pongau around Bischofshofen , and southeastern Lungau beyond the Radstädter Tauern Pass . In the north and east, the prince-archbishopric bordered on the Duchy of Austria , a former Bavarian margraviate , which had become independent in 1156 and, raised to an archduchy in 1457, developed as

950-498: The archbishops gradually reached the status of Imperial immediacy and independence from the Bavarian dukes. Salzburg remained an ecclesiastical principality until its secularisation to the short-lived Electorate of Salzburg (later Duchy of Salzburg ) in 1803. Members of the Bavarian Circle from 1500, the prince-archbishops bore the title of Primas Germaniae , though they never obtained electoral dignity; actually of

1000-458: The castle. His last years were spent in bitter struggle against Matthäus Lang of Wellenburg , Bishop of Gurk , who succeeded him in 1519. Matthäus Lang was largely unnoticed in official circles, although his influence was felt throughout the archbishopric. He brought in Saxon miners, which brought with them Protestant books and teachings. He then attempted to keep the populace Catholic, and during

1050-535: The countries that had been in conflict during World War 2 and originally offered education on American history, art, literature and culture, in a period when United States armed forces occupied parts of Germany and Austria. This was later transformed into a "global forum". Since 1947, more than 500 sessions of the Seminars have been held on a wide variety of issues. In 1959 the Salzburg Global Seminar purchased

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1100-526: The death of the Archbishop in 1744, his heart was buried in the chapel of the palace, while the rest of his body was placed in the cathedral of Salzburg. The palace was owned by the Firmian family until 1837, even after the death of Count Laktanz in 1786. George Zierer, the owner of a local shooting gallery, bought the palace and stripped it of most of the valuable interior decorations, including paintings, etchings, and sculptures. The palace had several owners during

1150-551: The dispute over the ecclesiastical border between Salzburg and the Patriarchate of Aquileia broke out, Charlemagne declared the Drava to be the border. Archbishop Adalwin (859–873) suffered great troubles when King Rastislav of Moravia attempted to remove his realm from the ecclesiastical influence of East Francia . In 870 Pope Adrian II appointed the "Apostle of the Slavs" St. Methodius

1200-414: The emperor, and finally ordered the Protestants to recant their beliefs or emigrate. Over 20,000 Salzburg Protestants were forced to leave their homes, most of whom accepted an offer of land by King Frederick William I of Prussia . The last Prince-Archbishop, Hieronymus von Colloredo , is probably best known for his patronage of Mozart . His reforms of the church and education systems alienated him from

1250-907: The film. The gazebo was later moved to the other side of the lake to allow tourists to visit it, but after their numbers became too big, it was again relocated, to the Hellbrunn Palace outside of the city. The 1987 special production of the "Sound of Christmas" starring Julie Andrews , John Denver , and Plácido Domingo was also filmed at the Schloss Leopoldskron. [REDACTED] Media related to Schloss Leopoldskron at Wikimedia Commons 47°47′17.74″N 13°2′19.29″E  /  47.7882611°N 13.0386917°E  / 47.7882611; 13.0386917 Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg The Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg ( Latin : Archiepiscopatus Salisburgensis ; German : Fürsterzbistum Salzburg; Erzstift Salzburg; Erzbistum Salzburg )

1300-530: The hands of Duke Theodon II, including several brine wells and salt evaporation ponds which earned Iuvavum its German name Salzburg . In 711 Rupert also founded the Cella Maximiliana in the Pongau region, the later town of Bischofshofen . His niece Erentrude established a Benedictine nunnery at nearby Nonnberg about 713. In 739 Archbishop Boniface , with the blessing of Pope Gregory III , completed

1350-611: The legendary Saint Maximus of Salzburg is the only abbot-bishop known by name. A disciple of Saint Severinus, he was martyred in the retreat from Noricum, after the Germanic Western Roman officer Odoacer had deposed the last Emperor Romulus Augustulus and declared himself King of Italy in 476. In his conflict with the Rugii tribes, Odoacer had his brother Onoulphus evacuate the Noricum ripense province in 487/88, whereby Iuvavum

1400-457: The loss of the Leopoldskron. Once it came to light that Stephanie von Hohenlohe may have been a double agent, she fled to England, then America, returning the palace to Nazi hands until the end of the war. By the end of the war, a bomb had exploded in the garden. It shattered the windows, destroyed a chandelier in the library on the ground floor and sent shrapnel fragments into the wall murals in

1450-589: The nucleus of the Habsburg monarchy . The Salzkammergut border region, today a UNESCO World Heritage Site , as an important salt trade region was gradually seized by the mighty House of Habsburg and incorporated into the Upper Austrian lands. In the southeast, Salzburg adjoined the Duchy of Styria , also ruled by the Habsburg (arch-)dukes in personal union since 1192. By 1335, the Austrian regents had also acquired

1500-547: The old Duchy of Carinthia in the south, the Styrian and Carinthian territories were incorporated into Inner Austria in 1379. The Habsburg encirclement was nearly completed when in 1363 the archdukes also attained the County of Tyrol in the west. Only in the northwest did Salzburg border on the Duchy of Bavaria (raised to an Electorate in 1623), and the tiny Berchtesgaden Provostry , which

1550-634: The palace, and in 1973 the adjacent Meierhof, which was part of the original Firmian estate. They have made extensive renovations and restorations to enable the palace to be used as a conference center and venue for events other than the Salzburg Seminar. In early 2014, 50 rooms in the Meierhoft, the Meierhof Café and the reception area underwent a substantial two-month renovation. The renovation included three "The Sound of Music" themed rooms. In February 2014,

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1600-512: The people. In 1803, Salzburg was secularised as the Electorate of Salzburg for the former Grand Duke Ferdinand III of Tuscany (brother of Emperor Francis II ), who had lost his throne. In 1805, it became part of Austria. In 1809, it became part of Bavaria which closed the University of Salzburg , banned monasteries from accepting novices, and banned pilgrimages and processions. The archdiocese

1650-403: The property reopened under its new name, Hotel Schloss Leopoldskron. Hotel Schloss Leopoldskron is a member of Castle Hotels & Mansions, Historic Hotels of Europe , and partner of Climate Alliance Austria , Europe's biggest climate-protection network. In 2015, the Historic Hotels of Europe awarded the Schloss the "Best Historic Hotel of Europe" award. In the same year, the Schloss achieved

1700-673: The rivers Danube in the north, the Rába (Raab) in the east and the Drava in the south, an area which had recently been conquered from the Avars . Monasteries were founded and all of Carinthia was slowly Christianised. While Arno was in Rome attending to some of Charlemagne's business in 798, Pope Leo III appointed him Archbishop over the other bishops in Bavaria ( Freising , Passau , Regensburg , and Säben ). When

1750-537: The side of the Pope. Gebhard thus suffered a nine-year exile, and was allowed to return shortly before his death and was buried in Admont . After King Henry IV abdicated and Conrad I of Abensberg was elected Archbishop. Conrad lived in exile until the Calistine Concordat of 1122. Conrad spent the remaining years of his episcopate improving the religious life in the archdiocese. Archbishop Eberhard II of Regensberg

1800-572: The six German prince-archbishoprics (with Mainz , Cologne and Trier ), Magdeburg , Bremen and Salzburg received nothing from the Golden Bull of 1356 . The last prince-archbishop exercising secular authority was Count Hieronymus von Colloredo , who was a patron of the Salzburg-native composer, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart . The prince-archbishopric's territory was roughly congruent with the present-day Austrian state of Salzburg . It stretched along

1850-480: The southern Pongau and Lungau parts. About 696 Saint Rupert , then Bishop of Worms in Frankish Austrasia and later called the apostle of Bavaria and Carinthia, came to the region from the Bavarian town Regensburg and laid the foundations for the re-establishment of the Salzburg diocese. After erecting a church at nearby Seekirchen he discovered the ruins of Iuvavum overgrown with brambles and remnants of

1900-515: The terrace, Maria and the Captain arguing on the terrace and the children and Maria falling off the boat into the lake. Also, only shots showing the lake were filmed at Bertelsmann, using a replica of Leopoldskron's terrace and "horse-gates" that lead to the lake. Shots of the building itself were filmed at Schloss Frohnburg and the decor of the ballroom used for the interior scenes is identical to that in Leopoldskron's Venetian Room (the Venetian Room

1950-660: The war. He worked in Hollywood during World War II and died in New York in 1943, before the Allied victory. In 1939 the German government confiscated the palace as a national treasure during the taking of "Jewish property" throughout Austria. During the same year, Hermann Göring assigned the palace to Princess Stephanie von Hohenlohe , an Austrian who had been spying for the Nazis in Britain and Europe and who had many influential contacts. She

2000-422: The work of Saint Rupert and raised Salzburg to a bishopric, placed under the primatial see of the Archdiocese of Mainz . St. Vergilius , abbot of St. Peter's since about 749, had quarrelled with St. Boniface over the existence of antipodes . He nevertheless became bishop about 767. Arno , bishop since 785, enjoyed the respect of the Frankish king Charlemagne who assigned to him the missionary territory between

2050-413: The year 582, and struck coins commemorating the 1,200-year anniversary of the event in 1782. In any case, it was not until after 700 that Christian civilisation re-emerged in the region. Rupert established a monastery dedicated to Saint Peter at the site of a Late Antique church in the former Iuvavum . St Peter's Abbey received large estates in the Flachgau (Rupertiwinkel) and Tennengau regions from

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2100-456: Was abandoned and with it the bishopric. Saint Severinus had already died in 482 in the castrum of Favianis (present-day Mautern in Lower Austria ), six years before the departure of the Roman legions from the region. From the sixth century onwards, the northern areas of the later archbishopric were resettled by Germanic Bavarii tribes, who established themselves among the remaining Romance population, while Slavic tribes moved into

2150-417: Was able to retain its independence until the Mediatisation in 1803. The Vita Sancti Severini biography by the Early Christian chronicler Eugippius , reported that during the Decline of the Roman Empire about 450 AD the local capital Iuvavum in the Noricum ripense province was already home to two churches and a monastery. Very little is known of the early bishopric during the Migration Period , and

2200-412: Was an ecclesiastical principality and state of the Holy Roman Empire . It comprised the secular territory ruled by the archbishops of Salzburg, as distinguished from the much larger Catholic diocese founded in 739 by Saint Boniface in the German stem duchy of Bavaria . The capital of the archbishopric was Salzburg , the former Roman city of Iuvavum . From the late 13th century onwards,

2250-441: Was charged with transforming it into a guest house for prominent artists of the Reich , and to serve as a reception facility for Hitler's Berghof home. Von Hohenlohe, who knew Reinhardt before the annexation of Austria, was able to secure from the Nazis sixteen crates of Reinhardt's books, porcelain, silver and furniture and had them shipped to California, though the consolation of his tangible possessions were little comfort against

2300-493: Was initiated by the "Châteaux & Hôtels de France" (today Châteaux & Hôtels Collection) of France and the "Schlosshotels & Herrenhäuser" of Austria . The idea was to promote national cultural traditions, historic heritage, and architecture under one umbrella organisation. The Federation to advocate a more "cultural and historic" style of holiday was established in November 1997, initially consisting of eight associations in different countries. The first formal meeting of

2350-408: Was made a prince of the Empire in 1213, and created three new sees: Chiemsee (1216), Seckau (1218) and Lavant (1225). In 1241, at the Council of Regensburg he denounced Pope Gregory IX as "that man of perdition, whom they call Antichrist, who in his extravagant boasting says, I am God, I cannot err." During the German Interregnum , Salzburg suffered confusion. Philip of Spanheim , heir to

2400-437: Was produced in Salzburg with the grounds of Schloss Leopoldskron as one of the main exterior locations. In fact, 10 outdoor scenes were filmed there portraying the Von Trapp home. The interior of the palace was never used as the Von Trapp villa. Scenes were actually filmed on an adjacent property (known as Bertelsmann , at the time), including the family drinking pink lemonade ("not too sweet, not too sour, just too... pink!") on

2450-416: Was rebuilt in such splendour that it was unrivalled by all others north of the Alps . Archbishop Paris of Lodron led Salzburg to peace and prosperity during the Thirty Years' War in which the rest of Germany was thoroughly devastated. During the reign of Leopold Anthony of Firmian , the remaining Protestants in Salzburg were expelled in 1731. He invited the Jesuits to Salzburg and asked for help from

2500-404: Was reestablished as the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Salzburg in 1818 without temporal power. Up to today, the Archbishop of Salzburg has also borne the title Primas Germaniae ("First Bishop of Germany"). The powers of this title – non-jurisdictional – are limited to being the Pope's first correspondent in the German-speaking world, but had once included the right to preside over

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