99-580: [REDACTED] Look up sangeet in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Sangeet may refer to: Sangeet (music) , a Sanskrit term for music of the Indian subcontinent Rabindra Sangeet , songs written and composed by Rabindranath Tagore Sangeet Natak , musical drama in Marathi language Shyama Sangeet , a genre of Bengali devotional songs Sangeet (film) ,
198-440: A 1992 Hindi film Sangeet Fowdar , Mauritian politician and MP for Constituency No 6 Grand Baie and Poudre D'or, Mauritius Sangeet Haldipur , Indian composer, one half of the duo Sangeet-Siddharth See also [ edit ] Sangeeta (disambiguation) Sangeeth , an Indian male given name Sangit Bhavana , school associated with Visva Bharati University (Shantiniketan, West Bengal, India) Topics referred to by
297-547: A business by the World Bank . Bhubaneswar has been traditionally home to handicrafts industry, including silver filigree work, appliqué work, stone and wood carvings and patta painting , which significantly contributes to the city's economy. The late 2000s saw a surge of investments in the real estate, infrastructure, retail and hospitality sectors; several shopping malls and organised retails opened outlets in Bhubaneswar. In
396-528: A largely residential city with outlying industrial areas. The economy had few major players until the 1990s and was dominated by retail and small-scale manufacturing. With the economic liberalisation policy adopted by the Government of India in the 1990s, Bhubaneswar received investment in telecommunications , information technology (IT) and higher education. In 2011, according to a study by Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India , Bhubaneswar had
495-427: A man with a dhol hanging from his neck and a woman holding a drum under her left arm. Vedas (c. 1500 – c. 800 BCE Vedic period ) document rituals with performing arts and play. For example, Shatapatha Brahmana ( c. 800–700 BCE) has verses in chapter 13.2 written in the form of a play between two actors. Tala or taal is an ancient music concept traceable to Vedic era texts of Hinduism , such as
594-609: A mouth organ made by tying several flutes together), raga (including kaushika such as raag kaushik dhwani ), vocal registers (seven svara or sur , ana or ekashurti drag note, murchana the regulated rise and fall of voice in matra and tripramana three-fold teen taal laya such as drut or quick, madhya or middle, and vilambit or slow), poetry recitation in Bala Kanda and also in Uttara Kanda by Luv and Kusha in marga style. Starting from
693-463: A scale ranging from I to V in order of increasing susceptibility to earthquakes. The United Nations Development Programme reports that there is "very high damage risk" from winds and cyclones . The 1999 Odisha cyclone caused major damage to buildings, the city's infrastructure and cost many human lives. Floods and waterlogging in the low-lying areas have become common due to unplanned growth. The Bhubaneswar urban development area consists of
792-496: Is 27.4 °C (81.3 °F); monthly mean temperatures are 22–32 °C (72–90 °F). Summers (March to June) are hot and humid, with temperatures in the low 30s C; during dry spells, maximum temperatures often exceed 40 °C (104 °F) in May and June. Winter lasts for only about ten weeks, with seasonal lows dipping to 15–18 °C (59–64 °F) in December and January. May is
891-413: Is a combination of traditional song and dance, which particularly performed to the enchanting beats of 'Dholaki', a drum-like instrument. The dance is performed by attractive women wearing nine-yard saris. They are sung in a quick tempo. Lavani originated in the arid region of Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh. Music of Manipur and Manipuri dance are heritage of Manipuri people . According to tradition of
990-406: Is a religiously diverse city. Hindus form the majority in the city with more than 95% of the total population, as of 2011 Census of India . Muslims forms the second largest minority with 3.3% and Christians with 0.92%. There is also a significant minority population of Sikhs , Buddhists and Jains . The Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation (BMC) oversees and manages civic infrastructure for
1089-448: Is an administrative, information technology, education and tourism city. Bhubaneswar was ranked as the best place to do business in India by the World Bank in 2014. Bhubaneswar has emerged as one of the fast-growing, important trading and commercial hub in the state and eastern India. Tourism is a major industry, attracting about 1.5 million tourists in 2011. Bhubaneswar was designed to be
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#17329385608831188-650: Is celebrated as Chingkheirol in the Manipuri tradition. The ancient Sanskrit texts such as the Mahabharata epic mentions Manipur , where Arjuna meets and falls in love with Chitragada. Dance is called Jagoi in a major Meitei language of the region and it traces a long tradition in Manipur. Lai Haraoba dance likely has ancient roots and shares many similarities with dance postures of Nataraja and his legendary disciple called Tandu (locally called Tangkhu ). Similarly, as does
1287-662: Is considered the father of Carnatic music, while the later musicians Tyagaraja , Shyama Shastry and Muthuswami Dikshitar are considered the trinity of Carnatic music. Noted artists of Carnatic music include Ariyakudi Ramanuja Iyengar (the father of the current concert format), Palghat Mani Iyer , Madurai Mani Iyer , Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer , Nedunuri Krishnamurthy Alathur Brothers , M. S. Subbulakshmi , Lalgudi Jayaraman , Balamuralikrishna , T. N. Seshagopalan , K. J. Yesudas , N. Ramani , Umayalpuram K. Sivaraman , Sanjay Subrahmanyan , T. M. Krishna , Bombay Jayashri , Aruna Sairam , Mysore Manjunath , Every December,
1386-428: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Sangeet (music) Traditional Modern Owing to India's vastness and diversity, Indian music encompasses numerous genres in multiple varieties and forms which include classical music , folk , rock , and pop . It has a history spanning several millennia and developed over several geo-locations spanning
1485-442: Is known as Giddha ( Punjabi : ਗਿੱਧਾ). Bihu ( Assamese : বিহু ) is the festival of New Year of Assam falling on mid-April. This is a festival of nature and mother earth where the first day is for the cows and buffaloes. The second day of the festival is for the man. Bihu dances and songs accompanied by traditional drums and wind instruments are an essential part of this festival. Bihu songs are energetic and with beats to welcome
1584-783: Is no fixed number of members in the committees. The processes for the municipal budget 2020–21 was initiated in February 2020, but it is unclear if they have continued after the lockdown was announced. The budget for 2020–21 was supposed to be aroound Rs. 700, an increase of 51.8% from the 2019–20 budget. The increase was supposedly to fund the various socio-economic welfare schemes in the city. The key revenue sources for BMC are: Holding Taxes, tax from advertisements, rent from municipal properties such as markets, shopping complexes, and kalyan mandaps (marriage halls), fees and user charges, and grants from state and central governments. Citizens of Bhubaneswar elect one representative to India's lower house,
1683-489: Is performed with sticks. The present musical style is derived from the traditional musical accompaniment to the folk dance. It is practiced mainly in the state of Gujarat. There is also another type of dance and music associated with Dandiya/Raas called Garba . Gaana is a rap -like "collection of rhythms, beats and sensibilities native to the Dalits of Chennai." It evolved over the past two centuries, combining influences from
1782-401: Is said to be the first Tamang Selo ever recorded. She has sung nearly 300 songs through her musical career spanning 40 years. After Waiba's death in 2011, her son Satya Aditya Waiba (producer/manager) and Navneet Aditya Waiba (singer) collaborated and re-recorded her most iconic songs and released an album titled Ama Lai Shraddhanjali (आमालाई श्रद्धाञ्जली-Tribute to Mother). The duo are
1881-498: Is the capital and the largest city of the Indian state of Odisha . It is located in the Khordha district . The suburban region, especially the old town, was historically often depicted as Chakra Khetra and Ekamra Khetra (Area adorned with a mango tree). Bhubaneswar is dubbed the "Temple City", a nickname earned because of many temples which are standing there. In contemporary times,
1980-642: Is the most common method of waste disposal in Bhubaneswar. State-owned Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited , or BSNL , as well as private enterprises, among them Reliance Jio , Bharti Airtel , Vodafone Idea , are the leading telephone, cell phone and internet service providers in the city. Bhubaneswar is a centre for higher education in the Eastern Region and is considered the education hub of Eastern India with several government and privately funded Universities and colleges. IIT Bhubaneswar , NISER Bhubaneswar, AIIMS Bhubaneswar and NIFT Bhubaneswar are some of
2079-593: Is the only old temple of Vishnu in the city. In 1568, the Karrani dynasty of Afghan origin gained control of Odisha . During their reign, most of the temples and other structures were destroyed or disfigured. In the 16th century, the area came under pachamani Mughal control. The Marathas , who succeeded the Mughals in the mid-18th century, encouraged pilgrimage in Odisha . In 1803, the area came under British colonial rule, and
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#17329385608832178-411: Is topographically divided into western uplands and eastern lowlands, with hillocks in the western and northern parts. Kanjia lake on the northern outskirts, affords rich biodiversity and is a wetland of national importance. Bhubaneswar's soils are 65 per cent laterite , 25 per cent alluvial and 10 per cent sandstone . The Bureau of Indian Standards places the city inside seismic zone III on
2277-710: The Samaveda and methods for singing the Vedic hymns. Smriti (500 BCE to 100 BCE ) post-vedic Hindu texts include Valmiki 's Ramayana (500 BCE to 100 BCE) which mentions dance and music (dance by Apsaras such as Urvashi , Rambha , Menaka , Tilottama Panchāpsaras , and Ravana 's wives excelling in nrityageeta or "singing and dancing" and nritavaditra or "playing musical instruments"), music and singing by Gandharvas , several string instruments ( vina , tantri , bīn , vipanci and vallaki similar to veena ), wind instruments ( shankha , venu and venugana – likely
2376-467: The 2011 census of India , Bhubaneswar had a population of 837,737, while the metropolitan area had a population of 881,988. As per the estimate of IIT Kharagpur , which made a development plan, the Bhubaneswar–Cuttack Urban complex, consisting of 721.9 square kilometres (278.7 sq mi), has a population of 1.9 million (as of 2008 ). As of 2011 , the number of males was 445,233, while
2475-547: The Bay of Bengal branch of the south west summer monsoon lash Bhubaneswar between June and September, supplying it with most of its annual rainfall of 1,657.8 mm (65 in). The highest monthly rainfall total, 374.6 mm (15 in), occurs in August. Bhubaneswar has been ranked 7th best “National Clean Air City” under (Category 2 3-10L Population cities) in India according to 'Swachh Vayu Survekshan 2024 Results' Bhubaneswar
2574-563: The Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation area, 173 revenue villages and two other municipalities spread over 1,110 km (430 sq mi). The area under the jurisdiction of the Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation covers 186 square kilometres (72 sq mi). The city is somewhat dumbbell -shaped with most of the growth taking place to the north, northeast and southwest. The north–south axis of
2673-489: The Ekasarana Dharma ; and they also belong to the repertoire of Music of Assam outside the religious context. They are a lyrical strain that express the religious sentiments of the poets reacting to different situations, and differ from other lyrics associated with the Ekasarana Dharma . Prominent instruments used in borgeets are Negera, Taal , Khols etc. Dandiya or Raas is a form of Gujarati cultural dance that
2772-586: The Hyderabadi Muslims , played with high tempo using Marfa instrument , daff , Dhol , sticks , steel pots and wooden strips called thapi . Mizo music originated when couplets were developed during the settlement of Thantlang in Burma between 1300 and 1400 CE, and folk songs developed during this period were dar hla (songs on gong); Bawh hla (War chants), Hlado (Chants of hunting); Nauawih hla (Cradle songs) A greater development of songs can be seen from
2871-640: The Lingaraja , Nilakantha Siva , Rajarani and Muktesvara temples , standing alongside residential areas. Additional structures include the Somabaresvara Siva Temple and the Kartikesvara Siva Temple . The area is congested, with narrow roads and poor infrastructure. Among neighbourhoods in the old town are Rajarani Colony, Pandaba Nagar, Brahmeswara Bagh, Lingaraja Nagar, Gouri Nagar, Bhimatangi, Kapilaprasad and Sundarpada. The planned city
2970-595: The Lok Sabha , and three representatives to the state legislative assembly, through the constituencies of Bhubaneswar North , Ekamra-Bhubaneswar , and Bhubaneswar Central . The last Lok Sabha election was in 2019, when Aparajita Sarangi from Bharatiya Janata Party won the seat. The last state assembly election took place in 2019 as well, when all three Vidhan Sabha seats in Bhubaneswar were won by Biju Janata Dal : Susant Kumar Rout from North, Ashok Chandra Panda from Ekamra, and Ananta Narayan Jena from Central. As
3069-450: The Madal , Damphu and Tungna , although nowadays musicians have taken to modern instruments. A Tamang Selo can be catchy and lively or slow and melodious, and is usually sung to convey sorrow, love, happiness or day-to-day incidents and stories of folklore. Hira Devi Waiba is hailed as the pioneer of Nepali folk songs and Tamang Selo. Her song ' Chura ta Hoina Astura ' (चुरा त होइन अस्तुरा)
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3168-530: The Persian performance practices of the Mughals . Classical genres are dhrupad , dhamar , khyal , tarana and sadra , and there are also several semi-classical forms. The root of the name C(K)arnatic music is derived from Sanskrit. Karnam means ears and Atakam means that which is sweet or that which lingers on. There are many types of music which comes under the category of light classical or semi-classical. Some of
3267-449: The informal sector , 22,000 vendors operate in regulated or unregulated vending zones. As of 2001, around 2.15% of the city's workforce was employed in the primary sector (agriculture, forestry, mining, etc.); 2.18% worked in the secondary sector (industrial and manufacturing); and 95.67% worked in the tertiary sector (service industries). The Department of Industries established four industrial areas in and around Bhubaneswar, in
3366-474: The music of Bengal , popular in India and Bangladesh . "Sangeet" means music, "Rabindra Sangeet" means music (or more aptly songs) of Rabindra. Tagore wrote some 2,230 songs in Bengali , now known as Rabindra Sangeet , using classical music and traditional folk music as sources. Bhubaneswar Bhubaneswar North : Susanta Rout, BJD Bhubaneswar ( Odia: [ˈbʱubɔneswɔɾɔ] )
3465-496: The siddhars (tantric adepts) of ancient Tamilakam , Tamil Sufi saints, and more. Gaana songs are performed at weddings, stage shows, political rallies, and funerals. Performers sing about a wide range of topics, but the essence of gaana is said to be "angst and melancholy" based in life's struggles. In the past few decades, the genre has entered the music of the mainstream Tamil film industry and gained popularity. Contemporary gaana bands like The Casteless Collective are bringing
3564-460: The "Swarna Tribhuja" ( lit. ' Golden Triangle ' ), one of Eastern India's most visited destinations. Bhubaneswar replaced Cuttack as the capital on 13 April 1948. The modern city was designed by the German architect Otto Königsberger in 1966. Along with Jamshedpur and Chandigarh , it was one of modern India's first planned cities. Bhubaneswar and Cuttack are often referred to as
3663-463: The 'twin cities of Odisha'. The area formed by the two cities had a population of 1.7 million in 2011. It is categorised as a Tier-2 city. Bhubaneswar and Rourkela are the two cities in smart city mission from Odisha . Bhubaneswar is the anglicisation of the actual Odia name "Bhubaneśwara"(ଭୁବନେଶ୍ୱର), derived from the word Tribhubaneśwara (ତ୍ରିଭୁବନେଶ୍ୱର), which literally means the Lord (Iśwara) of
3762-590: The 13th–14th centuries CE, primarily due to Islamic influences. Developing a strong and diverse tradition over several centuries, it has contemporary traditions established primarily in India but also in Pakistan and Bangladesh. In contrast to Carnatic music, the other main Indian classical music tradition originating from the South, Hindustani music was not only influenced by ancient Hindu musical traditions, historical Vedic philosophy and native Indian sounds but also enriched by
3861-536: The 14th - 15th centuries AD and thereafter. It originated in South India during the rule of Vijayanagar Empire through the Keerthanas composed by Purandara Dasa . Like Hindustani music, it is melodic , with improvised variations, but tends to have more fixed compositions. It consists of a composition with improvised embellishments added to the piece in the forms of Raga Alapana , Kalpanaswaram , Neraval and, in
3960-634: The 14th century or earlier). The Indian system of notation is perhaps the world's oldest and most elaborate. In the early 14th century under the Khiljis , there were concerts and competitions between Hindustani and Carnatic musicians. From the 16th century onwards, treatises written on music were Sangitamava Chandrika, Gita Prakasha, Sangita Kalalata and Natya Manorama . In the early 1960s Jazz pioneers such as John Coltrane and George Harrison collaborated with Indian instrumentalists and started to use Indian instruments such as sitar in their songs. In
4059-440: The 19th century. Odissi Sangita comprises four classes of music namely Dhruvapada , Chitrapada , Chitrakala and Panchal , described in the ancient oriya music texts. The chief Odissi and Shokabaradi . Odissi Sangita (music) is a synthesis of four classes of music, i.e. Dhruvapada , Chitrapada , Chitrakala and Panchal , described in the above-mentioned texts. The great exponents of Odissi music in modern times are
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4158-738: The 7th century, Somavamshi or Keshari dynasty established their kingdom and constructed a number of temples. After the Kesharis, the Eastern Gangas ruled Kalinga area until the 14th century CE. Their capital was located in present-day Cuttack City. After them, Mukunda Deva of the Bhoi Dynasty – the last Hindu ruler of the area until the Marathas ruled Odisha from Cuttack. Most of the older temples in Bhubaneswar were built between 8th and 12th centuries, under Shaiva influence. The Ananta Vasudeva Temple
4257-464: The Bhubaneswar-Cuttack area. Shri S.K. Priyadarshi, IPS is the police commissioner. Electricity was earlier being supplied by the state-operated Central Electricity Supply Utility of Odisha . TATA Power - TP-CODL as a private entity started Power distribution in the city by the end of 2020. Fire services are handled by the state agency Odisha Fire Service . Drinking water is sourced from
4356-523: The Biju Patnaik Park are located in the unit. The added areas are mostly areas lying north of National Highway 5, including Nayapalli, Jayadev Vihar, Chandrasekharpur and Sailashree Vihar , Niladri vihar which were developed by Bhubaneswar Development Authority to house the growing population. With the development of the new areas such as Chandrasekharpur the city is now divided roughly into North (newer areas) and South Bhubaneswar (older areas) by
4455-558: The Dharohar Project. The two main traditions of Indian classical music are Carnatic music , which is practised predominantly in the peninsular (southern) regions, and Hindustani music , which is found in the northern, eastern and central regions. The basic concepts of this music includes Shruti (microtones), Swaras (notes), Alankar (ornamentations), Raga (melodies improvised from basic grammars), and Tala (rhythmic patterns used in percussion). Its tonal system divides
4554-1056: The Hindustani classical music and the Carnatic classical music. These seven svaras are the fundamentals of a raga . This seven svaras without any variations in them, are called as Shuddha svaras. Variations in these svaras cause them to be Komal and Tivra svaras. All the other svaras except Sadja(Sa) and Pancham (Pa) can be Komal or Tivra svaras but Sa and Pa are always Shuddha svaras. And hence svaras Sa and Pa are called Achal Svaras , since these svaras don't move from their original position while svaras Ra, Ga, Ma, Dha, Ni are called Chal Svaras , since these svaras move from their original position. Sangeet Natak Academy recognizes eight classical dance and music forms, namely Bharatanatyam , Kathak , Kuchipudi , Odissi , Kathakali , Sattriya , Manipuri and Mohiniyattam . Additionally, India's Ministry of culture also includes Chhau in its classical list. Carnatic music can be traced to
4653-568: The Late Singhari Shyamasundara Kar, Markandeya Mahapatra, Kashinath Pujapanda, Balakrushna Das , Gopal Chandra Panda , Ramhari Das , Bhubaneswari Misra, Shymamani Devi and Sunanda Patnaik , who have achieved eminence in classical music. Rabindra Sangeet ( Bengali : রবীন্দ্রসঙ্গীত Robindro Shonggit , Bengali pronunciation: [ɾobindɾo ʃoŋɡit] ), also known as Tagore songs, are songs written and composed by Rabindranath Tagore . They have distinctive characteristics in
4752-582: The Mahanadi, Kuakhai and Daya rivers. Water supply and sewerage are handled by the Public Health Engineering Organisation . As of 2015, 35% of the city was covered by piped water connections, 1.4% of the households had metered water connection, and the extent of non-revenue water in the city ran to 62.5%. The Engineering Department of BMC creates and maintains roads. 26.7% of the city is covered by sewage network, while more than 50% of
4851-618: The Manipuri people in the Himalayan foothills and valleys connecting India to Burma, they are the Gandharvas (celestial musicians and dancers) in the Vedic texts, and historic texts of Manipuri people calls the region as Gandharva-desa . The Vedic Usha , the goddess of the dawn, is a cultural motif for Manipuri women, and in the Indian tradition, it was Usha who created and taught the art of feminine dance to girls. This oral tradition of women's dance
4950-654: The Market Building, was formed to cater to the shopping needs of the new capital's residents. Later, markets and commercial establishments developed along the Janpath and Cuttack-Puri Road at Saheed Nagar , Satya Nagar, Bapuji Nagar and Ashok Nagar. A dedicated institutional area houses educational and research institutes, including Utkal University , the Institute of Physics , the Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology and Sainik School. Indira Gandhi Park, Gandhi Park and
5049-606: The NH-5 highway. The peripheral areas are outside the municipal boundary or have subsequently been included within the extended boundary, including Tomando, Patia and Raghunathpur. Most of these areas were developed in a haphazard manner, without proper planning. The Master Planning Branch of the Bhubaneswar Development Authority developed the Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP) in 2010. According to
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#17329385608835148-1082: The Odisha Development Authorities Act, 1982, the Development Authority has control over the planning for municipal areas. Apart from the CDP, BDA has also created Zonal Development Plans for some of the areas under the CDP. Bhubaneswar secured the top rank in the Smart city list in India. Bhubaneswar has a tropical savanna climate , designated Aw under the Köppen climate classification . Temperatures in Bhubaneswar usually range from 11 to 44 °C (52 to 111 °F). It experiences five primary seasons: winter (December to January), when temperatures can drop to 11 °C (52 °F); spring (February); summer (March to May), when temperatures can reach 44 °C (111 °F) or higher; monsoon (June to October); and post-monsoon (November). The annual mean temperature
5247-611: The Odisha Province. After independence of India, the foundation of the new capital was laid on 13 April 1948. The name of the new capital came from "Tribhubaneswara" or "Bhubaneswara" (literally "Lord of the Earth"), a name of Shiva , the deity of the Lingaraja temple . The Legislative Assembly of Odisha was shifted from Cuttack to Bhubaneswar in 1969. Bhubaneswar was built as a modern city, designed by German architect Otto Königsberger with wide roads, gardens and parks. Though part of
5346-461: The Rasulgarh, Mancheswar, Chandaka, and Bhagabanpur areas. Industrial sector in Bhubaneswar includes paper, steel, automobile, food, pharma and electronics industries. A large number of companies including Odisha State Cooperative Milk Producers' Federation , Bharat Biotech , Topaz Solar , Britannia Industries , SMS Group and Jockey International have there manufacturing plant. In 2009, Odisha
5445-664: The Three Worlds (Tribhubana), which in this context refers to Shiva . Bhubaneswar stands near the ruins of Sisupalgarh . Dhauli , near Bhubaneswar was the site of the Kalinga War ( c. 262 -261 BCE), in which the Mauryan emperor Ashoka invaded and annexed Kalinga . One of the most complete edicts of the Mauryan Emperor, Ashoka , dating from between 272 and 236 BCE, remains carved in rock, 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) to
5544-470: The ancient times. The ancient panns over centuries evolved first into a pentatonic scale and later into the seven note Carnatic Sargam . But from the earliest times, Tamil Music is heptatonic and known as Ezhisai (ஏழிசை). sanskrit saint-poet Jayadeva , who was the great composer and illustrious master of classical music, shaped Odra-Magadhi style music and had great influence on Odissi Sangita . Śārṅgadeva composed Sangita-Ratnakara , one of
5643-509: The case of more advanced students, Ragam Thanam Pallavi . The main emphasis is on the vocals as most compositions are written to be sung, and even when played on instruments, they are meant to be performed in a singing style (known as gāyaki ). Around 300 ragams are in use today. Annamayya is the first known composer in Carnatic music. He is widely regarded as the Andhra Pada kavitā Pitāmaha (Godfather of Telugu song-writing). Purandara Dasa
5742-450: The city followed the plan, it grew rapidly over the next few decades, outstripping the planning process. According to the first census of independent India, taken in 1951, the town's population was just 16,000. From 1952 to 1979, it was administered by a Notified Area Council or a nagar panchayat ; a municipality was established only on 12 March 1979. During this time, due to fear of wild animals and forested areas, Cuttack continued to be
5841-410: The city is a hub of sports, tourism and IT in the country. Although the modern city of Bhubaneswar was formally established in 1948, the history of the areas in and around the present-day city can be traced to the 1st century BCE. It is a confluence of Hindu , Buddhist and Jain heritage and includes several Kalingan temples , many of them from 6th–13th century CE. With Puri and Konark it forms
5940-423: The city is widest, at roughly 22.5 kilometres (14.0 mi). Growth in the east is restricted due to the presence of Kuakhai River and by the wildlife sanctuary in the northwestern part. The city can be broadly divided into the old town, planned city (or state capital), added areas and into Units and Colonies. The old town or "Temple Town", the oldest part of the city, is characterised by many temples, including
6039-566: The city of Chennai in India has its eight-week-long Music Season , which is the world's largest cultural event. Carnatic music has served as the foundation for most music in South India, including folk music, festival music and has also extended its influence to film music in the past 100–150 years or so. The tradition of Hindustani music dates back to Vedic times where the hymns in the Sama Veda, an ancient religious text, were sung as Samagana and not chanted. It diverged from Carnatic music around
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#17329385608836138-460: The city's 67 wards . It started as a Notified Area Committee in 1946 and was upgraded to a municipal corporation in 1994. Orissa Municipal Corporation Act, 2003 is the governing act. Residents of each ward elect a corporator to the BMC for a five-year term. Standing committees handle urban planning and maintain roads, government-aided schools, hospitals and municipal markets. As Bhubaneswar's apex body,
6237-410: The classical ragas prevailing at that time in which these were to be sung. Prior to that there was the tradition of Chhanda which was simple in musical outline. From the 16th century onwards, treatises on music were Sangitamava Chandrika , Gita Prakasha , Sangita Kalalata and Natya Manorama . A couple of treatise namely, Sangita Sarani and Sangi Narayana , were also written in the early path of
6336-499: The corporation discharges its functions through the mayor-in-council, which comprises a mayor, a deputy mayor and other elected members. The executive wing is headed by a Commissioner. There are 13 administrative departments under BMC: PR & Communication, Disaster Management, Finance, Health & Sanitation, Engineering, Revenue & Tax, Electrical, Environment, Social Welfare, IT and Social Projects, Establishment, Land & Assets, Enforcement & Recovery. The responsibilities of
6435-613: The dance related to commoner Khamba and princess Thoibi – who perform as pan-Indian Shiva and Parvati, in the legendary tragic love story of Khamba-Thoibi found in the Manipuri epic Moirang Parba . Hadrani Marfa , or simply Marfa music, introduced during the 18th century in Hyderabad State by the East African Siddi community from Afro-Arab music of Hadhramawt in Yemen , is a form of celebratory rhythmic music and dance among
6534-669: The earlier musical instrument in India, were excavated at Sankarjang in the Angul district of Odisha . There is historical evidence in the form of sculptural evidence, i.e. musical instruments, singing and dancing postures of damsels in the Ranigumpha Caves in Khandagiri and Udayagiri at Bhubaneswar . Dancing Girl sculpture (2500 BCE) was found from the Indus Valley civilization (IVC) site. There are IVC-era paintings on pottery of
6633-506: The earliest known work Tholkappiyam (500 BCE), there are several references to music and Panns in the ancient pre-Sangam and Sangam literature starting from the earliest known work Tholkappiyam (500 BCE). Among Sangam literature, Mathuraikkanci refers to women singing sevvazhi pann to invoke the mercy of God during childbirth. In Tolkappiyam , the five landscapes of the Sangam literature had each an associated Pann , each describing
6732-504: The elite institutions of country which are located in the city. Utkal University Bhubaneswar is the oldest university in Odisha and the 17th oldest university in India. Odia and English are the primary languages of instruction. Schools in Bhubaneswar follow the "10+2+3" plan for Regular Graduates and "10+2+4" plan for Technical studies. Schools in Bhubaneswar are either run by the state government or private organisations. Students typically enroll in schools that are affiliated with any of
6831-455: The event or the festival. One of the most popular style of music is Nati Music, where nati being the traditional dance that is done on the song. Nati Music is usually celebratory, and done in fairs or other occasions such as marriages. Jhumair and Domkach are Nagpuri folk music . The musical instruments used in folk music and dance are Dhol , Mandar , Bansi , Nagara , Dhak , Shehnai , Khartal , Narsinga etc. Lavani comes from
6930-425: The festive spring. Assamese drums (dhol), Pepa(usually made from buffalo horn), Gogona are major instruments used. Borgeets ( Assamese : বৰগীত ) are lyrical songs that are set to specific ragas but not necessarily to any tala . These songs, composed by Srimanta Sankardeva and Madhavdeva in the 15th–16th centuries, are used to begin prayer services in monasteries , e.g. Satra and Namghar associated with
7029-511: The folk songs of Thantlang and Lentlang settlement, the songs of this period are more developed in its number, form and contents. The languages are more polished and the flows also better. Most of the songs of this period are named after the composers. Jayadeva , the 12th century sanskrit saint-poet, the great composer and illustrious master of classical music, has immense contribution to Odissi music. During his time Odra-Magadhi style music got shaped and achieved its classical status. He indicated
7128-661: The following mediums of education. Notable union government schools in the city include Notable state government schools in the city include Notable private schools in the city include Several colleges are affiliated with universities or institution based in Bhubaneswar or elsewhere in India. Most offer a wide range of programs in STEM and applied research and are rated highly by the Ministry of Human Resource Development , India. Professional Institute The Eastern Regional Centre of Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management (IITTM),
7227-565: The forms are Thumri , Dadra , Bhajan , Ghazal , Chaiti , Kajri , Tappa , Natya Sangeet and Qawwali . These forms place emphasis on explicitly seeking emotion from the audience, as opposed to the classical forms. This is a musical genre of the Tamang people and popular amongst the Nepali speaking community in West Bengal, Sikkim, India and around the world. It is accompanied by Tamang instruments,
7326-652: The genre to new audiences while using it for social activism, especially against caste discrimination . Haryana folk music has two main forms: classical folk music of Haryana and desi folk music of Haryana (country music of Haryana). They take the form of ballads and pangs of parting of lovers, valor and bravery, harvest and happiness. Haryana is rich in musical tradition and even places have been named after ragas , for example Charkhi Dadri district has many villages named as Nandyam, Sarangpur, Bilawala, Brindabana, Todi, Asaveri, Jaisri, Malakoshna, Hindola, Bhairvi and Gopi Kalyana. Himachal's folk music varies according to
7425-452: The headquarters of POSCO India , a subsidiary of South Korean conglomerate POSCO and Govt. of India owned National Aluminium Company (NALCO). Apart from the big multinationals, some 300 small and mid-size IT companies and business startups have offices in Bhubaneswar. Lulu International Shopping Malls Private Limited plans to set up shopping malls, hypermarkets, agri sourcing and logistics hub with an investment of Rs 1,500 crore. As per
7524-420: The highest rate of employment growth among 17 Tier-2 cities in India. It has been listed among the top ten emerging cities in India by Cushman and Wakefield , taking into consideration factors like demographics, physical, social and real estate infrastructure, current level and scope of economic activities and government support. In 2012, Bhubaneswar was ranked third among Indian cities, in starting and operating
7623-541: The hottest month, when daily temperatures range from 32–42 °C (90–108 °F). January, the coldest month, has temperatures varying from 15–28 °C (59–82 °F). The highest and lowest temperatures ever recorded in Bhubaneswar are 46.7 °C (116.1 °F) on 5 June 2012 and 8.2 °C (46.8 °F) on 30 December 2018. The official weather station for the city is the Biju Patnaik Airport . Weather records here date back to 1 July 1948. Rains brought by
7722-448: The households are dependent on onsite containment systems, such as septic tanks. There is no sewage treatment plant in Bhubaneswar right now, but one is being built using JNNURM funds. The waste from the limited sewage network flows untreated into the Daya river. There is one septage treatment plant for fecal sludge with a capacity of 75 KLD. The municipal corporation is responsible for
7821-609: The late 1970s and early 1980s, rock and roll fusions with Indian music were well known throughout Europe and North America . In the late 1980s, Indian-British artists fused Indian and Western traditions to make the Asian Underground . In the new millennium , American hip-hop has featured Indian filmi and bhangra. Mainstream hip-hop artists have sampled songs from Bollywood movies and have collaborated with Indian artists , such as Timbaland 's "Indian Flute" In 2010, Laura Marling and Mumford & Sons collaborated with
7920-529: The mood of the song associated with that landscape. Among the numerous panns that find mention in the ancient Tamil literature are, Ambal Pann , which is suitable to be played on the flute, sevvazhi pann on the Yazh (lute), Nottiram and Sevvazhi expressing pathos, the captivating Kurinji pann and the invigorating Murudappann . Pann ( Tamil : பண் ) is the melodic mode used by the Tamil people in their music since
8019-555: The most important Sanskrit musicological texts from India, which is regarded as the definitive text in both Hindustani music and Carnatic music traditions of Indian classical music . Assamese poet Madhava Kandali , writer of Saptakanda Ramayana , lists several instruments in his version of "Ramayana" , such as mardala , khumuchi, bhemachi, dagar, gratal, ramtal, tabal , jhajhar , jinjiri, bheri mahari, tokari , dosari, kendara , dotara , vina , rudra-vipanchi , etc. (meaning that these instruments existed since his time in
8118-469: The municipal body include drainage and sewerage, sanitation, solid waste management and street lighting. The tenure of the last elected body ended in March 2022 and new elections have already took place. Ward committees have been formed in Bhubaneswar and are very active. The Committees are responsible for issues such as public health, sanitation, street lighting and conservancy in their respective wards. There
8217-496: The number of females were 392,504. The decadal growth rate was 45.90 per cent. Effective male literacy was 95.69 per cent, while female literacy was 90.26 per cent. About 75,237 were under six. Bhubaneswar's literacy rate is 93.15 per cent —significantly higher than the national average of 74.04 per cent. Languages spoken in Bhubaneswar (2011) The main language spoken in the city is Odia . However, English and Hindi are understood by most residents. Although Odias comprise
8316-737: The octave into 22 segments called Shrutis, not all equal but each roughly equal to a quarter of a whole tone of the Western music. Both the classical music are standing on the fundamentals of The seven notes of Indian Classical music . These seven notes are also called as Sapta svara or Sapta Sur. These seven svaras are Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha and Ni respectively. These Sapta Svaras are spelt as Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha and Ni, but these are shortforms of Shadja (षड्ज), Rishabha (ऋषभ), Gandhara (गान्धार), Madhyama (मध्यम), Panchama (पंचम), Dhaivata (धैवत) and Nishada (निषाद) respectively. These are also equivalent to Do, Re, Mi, Fa, So, La, Ti. Only these seven svaras built up
8415-398: The only individuals in the Nepali folk music genre who produce authentic traditional Nepali folk songs without adulteration or modernisation. Bhangra ( Punjabi : ਭੰਗੜਾ) is a form of dance -oriented folk music of Punjab . The present musical style is derived from non-traditional musical accompaniment to the riffs of Punjab called by the same name. The female dance of Punjab region
8514-403: The people's favourite destination, which continues to be even today. The government officials lived at Cuttack and came to Bhubaneswar for work. The government then forced the officials to live at Bhubaneswar. Then some traders came to set up some shops. By the 1991 census, the population of Bhubaneswar had increased to 411,542. Accordingly, on 14 August 1994, the Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation
8613-411: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Sangeet . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sangeet&oldid=1259849751 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
8712-676: The seat of the Government of Odisha , Bhubaneswar is home to the Odisha Legislative Assembly and the state secretariat. Bhubaneswar has lower courts: the Court of Small Causes and the District Civil Court decide civil matters; the Sessions Court rules in criminal cases. The Bhubaneswar–Cuttack Police Commissionerate , established in 2008, is a city police force with primary responsibilities in law enforcement and investigation in
8811-515: The settlement of Lentlang in Burma, estimated between late 15th to 17th Century CE. The Mizo occupied the present Mizoram from the late 17th century. The pre-colonial period, that is from the 18th to 19th century was another important era in the history of Mizo folk literature. Prior to the annexation by the British Government, the Mizo occupied the present Mizoram for two centuries. In comparison with
8910-428: The solid waste management in the city. The average municipal waste generated in the city is 480 kg/m3 for wet waste and 600 kg/m3 for wet waste. Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation BMC has introduced door to door collection through battery operated garbage collection vehicle. It is trying to introduce segregation at source by providing two waste bins to every household, one each for dry and wet waste. Landfilling
9009-506: The southwest of the modern city. After the decline of the Mauryan empire, the area came under the rule of Mahameghavahana dynasty , whose most well-known ruler is Kharavela . His Hathigumpha inscription is located at the Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves near Bhubaneswar. The area was subsequently ruled by several dynasties, including Satavahanas , Guptas , Matharas , and Shailodbhavas . In
9108-605: The sub-continent. Music in India began as an integral part of socio-religious life. The 30,000-year-old paleolithic and neolithic cave paintings at the UNESCO world heritage site at Bhimbetka rock shelters in Madhya Pradesh show a type of dance. Mesolithic and chalcolithic cave art of Bhimbetka illustrates musical instruments such as Gongs , Bowed Lyre , daf etc. Chalcolithic era (4000 BCE onward) narrow bar shaped polished stone celts like music instruments, one of
9207-529: The vast majority, migrants from other states like Andhra Pradesh , Bihar , West Bengal , Rajasthan and Jharkhand also dwell in the city. Growth in the information technology industry and education sector in Bhubaneswar changed the city's demographic profile; likely infrastructure strains and haphazard growth from demographic changes have been a cause of concern. Religion in Bhubaneshwar ^ Others includes Jain, Buddhists and not stated Bhubaneswar
9306-457: The word Lavanya which means "beauty". This is one of the most popular forms of dance and music that is practiced all over Maharashtra . It has, in fact, become a necessary part of the Maharashtrian folk dance performances. Traditionally, the songs are sung by female artists, but male artists may occasionally sing Lavanis . The dance format associated with Lavani is known as Tamasha . Lavani
9405-709: Was conceived as a five-star park, under the Export Promotion Industrial Parks (EPIP) Scheme to create infrastructure facilities for setting up information technology related industries. Infosys and Tech Mahindra have been present in Bhubaneswar since 1996. Other Multinational Companies include Accenture , Cognizant , Tata Consultancy Services , Wipro , IBM , Genpact , Firstsource , Mindtree , MphasiS , Ericsson , Semtech , Reliance Communications , PricewaterhouseCoopers , Bharti Airtel , DLF (company) , Capgemini , Happiest Minds , Concentrix, RiR Electronics, Synopsis, EY and Deloitte . It also houses
9504-568: Was designed in 1948 to house the capital. It is subdivided into units, each with a high school, shopping centres, dispensaries and play areas. While most of the units house government employees, Unit V houses the administrative buildings, including the State Secretariat, State Assembly and the Raj Bhavan. Private residential areas were later built in other areas of the planned city, including Saheed Nagar and Satya Nagar. Unit I, popularly known as
9603-727: Was established. Bhubaneswar is in Khordha district of Odisha . It is in the eastern coastal plains , along the axis of the Eastern Ghats mountains. The city has an average altitude of 45 m (148 ft) above sea level . Bhubaneswar lies in Mahanadi River Delta. The Daya River is 4 km to the south and the Kuakhai River 4 km to the east; the Chandaka Wildlife Sanctuary and Nandankanan Zoo are in west and north to Bhubaneswar, respectively. Bhubaneswar
9702-578: Was part of the Bengal Presidency (until 1912), Bihar and Orissa Province (1912–1936) and Orissa Province (1936–1947). The capital of the British-ruled and post-independent Orissa State was also Cuttack , which was vulnerable to floods and suffered from space constraints. Because of this, on 1966, a proposal to move the capital to a new capital was introduced in the Legislative Assembly of
9801-469: Was ranked ninth among Indian states in terms of software export by NASSCOM , with most IT/ITES companies established in Bhubaneswar. In 2011–12, Odisha had a growth rate of 17% for software exports. According to a 2012 survey, among the tier-2 cities in India, Bhubaneswar has been chosen as the best for conducting IT/ITES business. The government fostered growth by developing of IT parks such as Infocity-1, Infovalley, STPI -Bhubaneswar and JSS STP. Infocity
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