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38-504: It is located on the western shore of Lake Manitoba . Adjacent rural municipalities are Alonsa and WestLake - Gladstone . The main reserve of Sandy Bay (Indian Reserve No. 5)—or Marius, Manitoba —is located at 50°33′00″N 98°38′50″W  /  50.55000°N 98.64722°W  / 50.55000; -98.64722 . Sandy Bay's original roots began after the signing of Treaty 1 , in 1870 in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba . In 1871,

76-723: A globally significant site for American white pelicans . In 1998, an estimated 3.7% of the world's population of this bird at the time were counted nesting on the rocky outcrops. The same site is significant within North America for the numbers of colonial waterbirds using the area, especially common terns . Other globally significant nesting areas are found at Gull Island and Sandhill Island , Little George Island and Louis Island . Birds nesting at these sites include common and Caspian terns , herring gulls , ring-billed gulls , double-crested cormorants and greater scaups . Lake Winnipeg has two sites considered globally important in

114-571: A line through the ice in search of a Master Angler Walleye , considered to be a Walleye caught in Manitoba by hook and line measuring over 71cm (28"). As of 2010 "over 50,000 anglers fished more than 389,000 days on the Red River and Lake Winnipeg combined" and "contribute an estimated $ 20,000,000 to $ 32,000,000 annually. and as of 2018 that had grown to nearly 100,000 adult anglers fishing Lake Winnipeg and its southern tributaries, adding $ 102,000,000 to

152-679: A major transportation route even after the railways reached the province. In addition to aboriginal canoes and York boats , several steamboats plied the lake, including Anson Northup , City of Selkirk , Colvile , Keenora , Premier , Princess , Winnitoba , Wolverine and most recently the diesel-powered MS Lord Selkirk II passenger cruise ship. Communities on the lake include Grand Marais , Lester Beach , Riverton , Gimli , Winnipeg Beach , Victoria Beach , Hillside Beach , Pine Falls , Manigotagan , Berens River , Bloodvein , Sandy Hook, Albert Beach, Hecla Village and Grand Rapids . A number of pleasure beaches are found on

190-494: A narrow 36 m (118 ft) deep channel between the northern and southern basins. It is the eleventh-largest freshwater lake on Earth. The lake's east side has pristine boreal forests and rivers that were in 2018 inscribed as Pimachiowin Aki , a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The lake is 416 km (258 mi) from north to south, with remote sandy beaches, large limestone cliffs, and many bat caves in some areas. Manitoba Hydro uses

228-520: A small, irregular-shaped north basin and a much larger south basin. It is part of the watershed of the Nelson River and Hudson Bay . The southern tip of the lake, 24 kilometres (15 mi) north of Portage la Prairie, Manitoba , ends in the Delta Marsh , an important staging ground for migrating birds. Communities on the lake include Fairford , Steep Rock , St. Laurent, and Sandy Bay. The lake

266-554: Is a very large, relatively shallow 24,514-square-kilometre (9,465 sq mi) lake in North America , in the province of Manitoba , Canada. Its southern end is about 55 kilometres (34 mi) north of the city of Winnipeg . Lake Winnipeg is Canada's sixth-largest freshwater lake and the third-largest freshwater lake contained entirely within Canada, but it is relatively shallow (mean depth of 12 m [39 ft]) excluding

304-593: Is evidence of a desiccated south basin of Lake Winnipeg approximately 4,000 years ago. The area between the lakes is called the Interlake Region , and the whole region is called the Manitoba Lowlands. The varying habitats found within the lake support a large number of fish species, more than any other lake in Canada west of the Great Lakes . Sixty of seventy-nine native species found in Manitoba are present in

342-551: Is located within the Canadian province of Manitoba about 75 kilometres (47 mi) northwest of the province's capital, Winnipeg , at 50°59′N 98°48′W  /  50.983°N 98.800°W  / 50.983; -98.800 . The lake, its shores populated by the Assiniboine and Cree , was made known to Europeans by La Vérendrye in the mid-1730s. He and his sons travelled from Fort La Reine through this lake to explore

380-571: Is primarily fed by Lake Winnipegosis to its northwest via the Waterhen River , with an average annual contribution of 2.3 km (1,900,000 acre⋅ft). The Whitemud River and local overland flow average about 0.317 km (257,000 acre⋅ft). Precipitation contributes about 2.2 km (1,800,000 acre⋅ft). From 1970 to 2003 the Portage Diversion has contributed an average annual volume of 0.3044 km (246,800 acre⋅ft) from

418-713: The Hudson's Bay Company was chartered in 1670 . The Saskatchewan River flows in from the west through Cedar Lake , the Red River (including Assiniboine River ) flows in from the south, and the Winnipeg River (draining Lake of the Woods , Rainy River and Rainy Lake ) enters from the southeast. The Dauphin River enters from the west, draining Lake Manitoba and Lake Winnipegosis . The Bloodvein River , Berens River , Poplar River and

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456-1303: The Manigotagan River flow in from the eastern side of the lake which is within the Canadian Shield . Other tributaries of Lake Winnipeg (clockwise from the south end) include Meleb Drain (drainage canal), Drunken River, Icelandic River, Washow Bay Creek, Sugar Creek, Beaver Creek, Mill Creek, Moose Creek, Fisher River, Jackhead River, Kinwow Bay Creek, Jackpine Creek, Mantagao River, Solomons Creek, Jumping Creek, Warpath River, South Two Rivers, North Two Rivers, South Twin Creek, North Twin Creek, Saskachaywiak Creek, Eating Point Creek, Woody Point Creeks, Muskwa Creek, Buffalo Creek, Fiddler Creek, Sturgeon Creek, Hungry River, Cypress Creek, William River, Bélanger River, Mukutawa River, Crane Creek, Kapawekapuk Creek, Marchand Creek, Leaf River, Pigeon River, Taskapekawe Creek, Bradbury River, Petopeko Creek, Loon Creek, Sanders Creek, Rice River, Wanipigow River, Barrie Creek, Mutch Creek, Sandy River, Black River, Sandy Creek, Catfish Creek, Jackfish Creek, Marais Creek, Brokenhead River and Devils Creek. Lake Winnipeg and Lake Manitoba are remnants of prehistoric Glacial Lake Agassiz , although there

494-518: The Oldman River ). The lake's watershed measures about 982,900 square kilometres (379,500 sq mi). Lake Winnipeg drains northward into the Nelson River at an average annual rate of 2,066 cubic metres per second (72,960 cu ft/s) and forms part of the Hudson Bay watershed, which is one of the largest drainage basins in the world. This watershed area was known as Rupert's Land when

532-579: The Saskatchewan River and its environs. Forts were established on both the Saskatchewan and Cedar Lake . It also was part of the fur trade route to Hudson Bay. The name derives from Cree manitou-wapow or Ojibwa manidoobaa , both meaning " straits of Manitou , the Great Spirit", a toponym referring to what are now called The Narrows in the centre of the lake. These narrows were an area that

570-699: The United States . In 2016 the Indigenous place name Weenipagamiksaguygun was approved by the Geographical Names Board of Canada . It is an Anishinaabe name for the lake as used by the Poplar River First Nation . Because of its length, the Lake Winnipeg water system and the lake was an important transportation route in the province before the railways reached Manitoba. It continued to be

608-454: The "threatened lake of the year" in 2013. In 2015, there was a major uptick of zebra mussels in Lake Winnipeg, the reduction of which is next to impossible because of a lack of natural predators in the lake. The mussels are devastating to the ecological opportunities of the lake. It is believed Henry Kelsey was the first European to see the lake, in 1690. He adopted the Cree language name for

646-639: The Assiniboine River. Lake Manitoba drains northeast into Lake Winnipeg through the Fairford River to Lake St. Martin and then to the Dauphin River . The average annual river outflow is 2.50 km (2,030,000 acre⋅ft). Average evaporation is 2.49 km (2,020,000 acre⋅ft) per year. Most of the water inflow is from the Waterhen River (42% of the inflow) and from precipitation directly on

684-535: The Ojibway/French mixed-bloods, or " half-breeds ", of the Portage Band requested a reservation be set aside for them. While the request was accepted, the half-breeds were required "to move North, not nearer than 20 miles" where the current-day town of Westbourne is located. The new half-breed reserve was named Whitemud . In 1873, the reserve and its members were relocated again, straight north this time. In 1877,

722-421: The fall migration. Large populations of waterfowl and shorebirds use the sand bars east of Riverton as a staging area for fall migration. The Netley-Libau Marsh , where the Red River enters Lake Winnipeg, is used by geese, ducks and swallows to gather for the southward migration. Piping plovers , an endangered species of shorebird, are found in several locations around the lake. The Gull Bay Spits , south of

760-411: The first-ever councilor positions. Sandy Bay First Nation has a radio station that operates a First Nations Community radio programming at 106.3 FM with the call sign CISB-FM. Lake Manitoba Lake Manitoba ( French : Lac Manitoba ) is the 14th largest lake in Canada and the 33rd largest lake in the world with a total area of 4,624 square kilometres (1,785 sq mi). It

798-541: The flood stage of 248 m (814 ft) above sea level. With the added inflows of the Portage Diversion due to high water levels on the Assiniboine River and its tributaries, of up to 960 m /s (34,000 cu ft/s) of water the lake peaked at 249.1 m (817.2 ft) above sea level on July 21. On May 31, 2011, when the lake was already very high, 248.45 m (815.13 ft), strong winds from

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836-502: The flood years on record in which Lake Manitoba was above flood stage, as defined by Manitoba Infrastructure and Transportation (MIT), of 248 m (814 ft) ASL. However, beginning around a level of 248 m (813 ft) ASL, localized flooding of agricultural land around the lake can occur. Lake Manitoba is one of the three main lakes in Manitoba's $ 30-million annual commercial fishing industry. The main marketable fish species caught on Lake Manitoba has changed from whitefish in

874-425: The lake are considered to be at risk, the shortjaw cisco and the bigmouth buffalo . Rainbow trout and brown trout are stocked in Manitoba waters by provincial fisheries as part of a put and take program to support angling opportunities. Neither species is able to sustain itself independently in Manitoba. Smallmouth bass was first recorded from the lake in 2002, indicating populations introduced elsewhere in

912-444: The lake as one of the largest reservoirs in the world. There are many islands, most of them undeveloped. Lake Winnipeg has the largest watershed of any lake in Canada, receiving water from four provinces ( Alberta , Saskatchewan , Ontario and Manitoba ) and four U.S. states : ( North Dakota and Minnesota via tributaries of the Red River , South Dakota via rivers draining into Lake Traverse , and Montana via tributaries of

950-520: The lake's surface (40%), while nearly 50% of the outflow is by evaporation. This explains its hyposaline nature. Severe flooding around the lake led to the excavation of an improved outlet channel between 1899 and 1901. In 1933 following dry years in the late 1920s and early 1930s, the Province constructed a concrete control dam across the Fairford River immediately downstream of the channel. A new dam

988-461: The lake. Families represented include lampreys ( Petromyzontidae ), sturgeon ( Acipenseridae ), mooneyes ( Hiodontidae ), minnows ( Cyprinidae ), suckers ( Catostomidae ), catfish ( Ictaluridae ), pike ( Esocidae ), trout and whitefish ( Salmonidae ), troutperch ( Percopsidae ), codfish ( Gadidae ), sticklebacks ( Gasterosteidae ), sculpins ( Cottidae ), sunfish ( Centrarchidae ), perch ( Percidae ), and drum ( Sciaenidae ). Two fish species present in

1026-464: The lake. It has been named Manipogo . Sightings of this serpent like sea monster have been going on since roughly 1908. The irregularly shaped lake, about 200 kilometres (120 mi) long, is the smallest of a group of three large lakes, the other two being Lake Winnipeg (the largest) and Lake Winnipegosis , which are found on the floor of the prehistoric Glacial Lake Agassiz . The lake is subdivided into two connected but distinctly different basins:

1064-589: The lake: wīnipēk ( ᐐᓂᐯᐠ ), meaning "muddy waters". La Vérendrye referred to the lake as Ouinipigon when he built the first forts in the area in the 1730s. Later, the Red River Colony to its south took the lake's name for Winnipeg, the capital of Manitoba. Lake Winnipeg lies along one of the oldest trading routes in North America to have flown the British flag . For several centuries, furs were traded along this route between York Factory on Hudson Bay (which

1102-507: The late 19th century to walleye , sauger and yellow perch today. There has been a large increase in rough fish like carp . Tullibee catch remains high, although it is not considered a commercial species. The total recorded catch of the commercial winter fishery on the lake has declined from 6.8 kilotonnes (15 × 10 ^  lb) annually in the late 1940s to less than 2.0 kilotonnes (4.5 × 10 ^  lb) in 2002. Lake Winnipeg Lake Winnipeg ( French : Lac Winnipeg )

1140-520: The north and the north-west of 70 km/h (43 mph) gusting to 90 km/h (56 mph) caused major damage to beaches and communities on the south basin of the lake including Twin Lakes Beach , St. Laurent , St. Ambroise, Delta Beach, Lynch Point, Big Point, and large areas of farmland. Unlike a river which can rise and recede relatively quickly, large lakes like Lake Manitoba require months or even years for lake levels to rise and fall. Below are

1178-413: The provincial GDP supporting some 1,500 jobs. Many licensed outfitters offer a wide array of services from guided fishing trips to equipment rentals and accommodations in service of recreational anglers. Recent introduction of new angling regulations aim to ensure the sustainability of the fishery, with an extended season closure during the spring walleye spawn, reduced possession limits, and an end to

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1216-435: The residents of Whitemud were told to move again after the surveyor told them he made a mistake; this time, they were to head just one mile southeast, at the present-day location of Sandy Bay. The Ojibway/French mixed-blood reserve was thereafter renamed Sandy Bay . On 21 July 1884, Sandy Bay had its very first elections. Francois Demarais won and became the first elected Chief, with Baptiste Spence and Wah-sah-hook winning for

1254-472: The southern end of the lake, which are popular in the summer, attracting many visitors from Winnipeg, approximately 80 km south. Lake Winnipeg is widely recognized as a premier angling destination, attracting anglers from around the globe "targeting it's abundant walleye , sauger and channel catfish populations" along with northern pike, yellow perch, gold eye, mooneye. Angling efforts vary from casting lines from shore, trolling its depths or dropping

1292-428: The spirit could be heard. What exactly was heard, and in what exact location, seems to be a mystery. The lake was known to French explorers as Lac des Prairies . The short-lived Republic of Manitobah and its successor the province of Manitoba both take their name from this lake. For many years there have been claims that a monster similar to Scotland's Loch Ness Monster and British Columbia's Ogopogo lives in

1330-427: The town of Grand Rapids, are considered nationally significant nesting sites for this species. Lake Winnipeg is suffering from many environmental issues such as an explosion in the population of cyanobacteria , caused by excessive amounts of phosphorus seeping into the lake. The phosphorus levels are approaching a point that could be dangerous for human health. The Global Nature Fund declared Lake Winnipeg as

1368-764: The watershed are now present in the lake. White bass were first recorded from the lake in 1963, ten years after being introduced into Lake Ashtabula in North Dakota. Common carp were introduced to the lake through the Red River of the North and are firmly established. Lake Winnipeg provides feeding and nesting sites for a wide variety of birds associated with water during the summer months. Isolated, uninhabited islands provide nesting sites for colonial nesting birds including pelicans, gulls and terns. Large marshes, shores and shallows allow these birds to successfully feed themselves and their young. Pipestone Rocks are considered

1406-501: Was constructed in 1961. The new structure is operated to try to control levels between 247.0 and 247.7 m (810.5 and 812.5 ft) above sea level. Due to above average snowfall over the winter of 2010–2011, and above average precipitation in the spring over the Lake Manitoba watershed, forecasted water levels on Lake Manitoba called for levels above the regulated upper range of 247.7 m (812.5 ft) above sea level and around

1444-794: Was the long-time headquarters for the Hudson's Bay Company) over Lake Winnipeg and the Red River Trails to the confluence of the Minnesota and Mississippi Rivers at Saint Paul, Minnesota . This was a strategic trading route for the First British Empire . With the establishment of the Second British Empire after Britain's loss of the Thirteen Colonies , a significant increase in trade occurred over Lake Winnipeg between Rupert's Land and

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