Eastphalian , or Eastfalian ( German : Ostfälisch , Eastphalian and Low Saxon: ostfälsch Platt ), is a dialect of Low German , spoken in southeastern parts of Lower Saxony and western parts of Saxony-Anhalt in Germany .
74-481: Salzgitter ( German pronunciation: [zalt͡sˈɡɪtɐ] ; Eastphalian : Soltgitter ) is an independent city in southeast Lower Saxony , Germany , located between Hildesheim and Braunschweig . Together with Wolfsburg and Braunschweig, Salzgitter is one of the seven Oberzentren of Lower Saxony (roughly equivalent to a metropolitan area ). With 101,079 inhabitants and 223.92 square kilometres (86.46 sq mi) (as of 31 December 2015), its area
148-498: A town ( Stadt ) by the German definition), when it was still called Watenstedt-Salzgitter . Beside Wolfsburg, Leverkusen and Eisenhüttenstadt , Salzgitter is one of the few cities in Germany founded during the 20th century. Until 31 March 1942, "Salzgitter" was the name of a town where the borough Salzgitter-Bad now is. From then until 1951, "Salzgitter" was the name of a borough of
222-493: A Prussian municipality, which was chartered again in 1929. Prior to that, the towns Vorsalz and Liebenhall had been incorporated (in 1926 and 1928, respectively). Salzgitter now belonged to the Landkreis (district) of Goslar and included, apart from Salzgitter itself, also some small settlements like Gittertor, which is nowadays part of Salzgitter-Bad. In 1936, Kniestedt was incorporated; it is also part of Salzgitter-Bad now. Due to
296-518: A junior member of the family who set up residence in the city of Hanover . His son Christian Louis , and his brothers inherited Celle in 1648 and thereafter shared it and Calenberg between themselves; a closely related branch of the family ruled separately in Wolfenbüttel. The territories of Calenberg and Lüneburg-Celle were made an Electorate by the Emperor Leopold I in 1692 in expectation of
370-549: A particular religious bias toward a Protestant ruler, from the childless ruling Queen Anne ( House of Stuart ), it passed the provisions of the Act of Settlement 1701 to Sophia of Hanover , granddaughter of James I . Sophia predeceased Queen Anne by a few weeks, but her son and heir, George I, succeeded as King of Great Britain when Anne, his second cousin, died in August 1714. Great Britain and Hanover remained united in personal union until
444-743: A schwa like -e or -er . Another striking difference between Eastphalian and all other Low German dialects is the absence (or undoing) of sound expansion in open syllable before -el, -en, -er in the following syllable, e. g. Eastphalian Löppel [ˈlœpl̩] , betten [ˈbɛtn̩] , Pepper [ˈpɛpɐ] ("spoon, bit, pepper") versus Northern Low Saxon Läpel [ˈlɛːpl̩] , bäten [ˈbɛːtn̩] , Päper [ˈpɛːpɐ] . Eastphalian also takes its own position in equalizing Old Saxon phonetic positions, especially in reducing vowels distinguished in open syllables, by simplifying more than Westphalian (which has no reduction in its southern dialects), but not going as far as
518-422: A statutory body representing the estates, which was to supervise the treaty. However, 1373–1388 would be the only period in which a Brunswick-Luneburg land was not ruled by a Welf: In the wake of his death, Elector Wenceslas appointed Bernard, his brother-in-law, as co-regent involved him in the government. But his younger brother Henry did not agree with this ruling, and after vain attempts to reach an agreement,
592-704: Is twinned with: Eastphalian dialect The language area between the Weser and Elbe rivers stretches from the Lüneburg Heath in the north to the Harz mountain range and Weser Uplands in the south. It comprises the Hanover Region , Brunswick and Calenberg Land as well as the Magdeburg Börde , including the cities of Hanover , Braunschweig , Hildesheim , Göttingen and Magdeburg . It roughly corresponds with
666-413: Is a buckler whose upper ground is green and adorned with two saltern instruments and whose lower ground is gold and adorned with a black sledge and black iron. On the red ground behind the furnace, there are two wheaten ears. The Coat of Arms stands for the agriculture , which is important for many villages of Salzgitter, on the one hand, and for the industry , which led to Salzgitter's foundation, on
740-565: Is connected to the Mittellandkanal and the Elbe Lateral Canal by a distributary . The nearest metropolises are Braunschweig, about 23 kilometres (14 miles) to the northeast, and Hanover , about 51 km (32 miles) to the northwest. The population of the City of Salzgitter has exceeded 100,000 inhabitants since its foundation in 1942 (which made it a city ( Großstadt ) in contrast to
814-661: Is in the quarter Salzgitter-Ringelheim , the most central one in Salzgitter-Lebenstedt. There is no Hauptbahnhof (main railway station) in Salzgitter. Salzgitter-Ringelheim's station is located on the Halle (Saale) -Goslar-Salzgitter-Hildesheim-Hanover line. Another line leads into the Harz Mountains and to Braunschweig, passing Salzgitter-Bad . Salzgitter-Lebenstedt is the end of a local line coming from Braunschweig and passing
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#1732852531032888-618: Is located in Salzgitter-Lebenstedt (155,000 media) with branch-libraries in Salzgitter-Bad (42,000 media) and Salzgitter-Fredenberg (25,000 media). There is no theatre in Salzgitter nor any building used as one. Yet there are several representations at various places. For example, in Salzgitter-Bad there is a society rooting in the students' theater of the local grammar-school that supports the amateur play. They act on various stages, with an auditory between 100 and 600 people. Furthermore, there are irregular performances of musicals . Salzgitter
962-708: Is taught there in contrast to occupation-specific knowledge) and vocational schools , among them three grammar schools , the Gymnasium Salzgitter-Bad , the Gymnasium am Fredenberg and the Kranich-Gymnasium , the latter two located at Salzgitter-Lebenstedt. For education outside school, there is the Volkshochschule Salzgitter with sites in Salzgitter-Bad and in Salzgitter-Lebenstedt. There are three public libraries in Salzgitter. The main-library
1036-508: Is that prepositions in most of Eastphalian do not contain an umlaut. These include for [ˈfɔr] , unner [ˈʊnər] and over (Hildesheim) [ˈɛo̯vər] , as opposed to Northern Lower Saxon för , ünner and över . This article about Germanic languages is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Duchy of Brunswick-L%C3%BCneburg The Duchy of Brunswick and Lüneburg ( German : Herzogtum Braunschweig und Lüneburg ), commonly known as
1110-537: Is the largest in Lower Saxony and one of the largest in Germany . Salzgitter originated as a conglomeration of several small towns and villages, and is today made up of 31 boroughs, which are relatively compact conurbations with wide stretches of open country between them. The main shopping street of the young city is in the borough of Lebenstedt, and the central business district is in the borough of Salzgitter-Bad. The city
1184-468: Is the object pronouns mek and dek in contrast to mi and di in Northern Lower Saxon, respectively for High German mir and mich resp. dir and dich ), as well as öhne , ösch / össek and jöck (Northern Low German em, u[n]s, jo [ju], High German ihm/ihn, uns, euch ). Although Eastphalian agrees with many Low German dialects (with exceptions, e.g., in southern Westphalian) in that
1258-451: Is the residual preservation of the prefix ge- as e- in the participle II (past participle) of verbs; since this prefix has also been lost in the very Northern regions of Eastphalia, e. g., for example, in Celle its wään ("been") is opposed to southern ewää(se)n [əˈvɛː(z)n̩] , or ewest [əˈvɛst] . However, this prefix is dropped if the previous word already ends in
1332-405: Is true for many adjectives, such as dicke (fat, thick) and wisse (clear, fast; cf. German gewiss ) and substantivizing endings such as -unge and -nisse, as well as for the older form -ig(e) ['ɪjə] / ['ɪç] , which developed from Middle Low German -inge . The -e ending has also survived for nouns in the dative case. Thus, for example, uppen Felle (on the field). Another feature of Eastphalian
1406-545: The Congress of Vienna at the war's end. After the fall of Napoleon, George III regained his lands plus lands from Prussia as King of Hanover , whilst giving up some other smaller scattered territories. The Wolfenbüttel Line retained its independence, except from 1807 to 1813, when it and Hanover were merged into the Napoleonic Kingdom of Westphalia . The Congress of Vienna of 1815 turned it into an independent state under
1480-648: The Congress of Vienna , the Kingdom of Hanover and the Duchy of Brunswick were created as successor states. To this day, members of the House of Hanover call themselves Duke of Brunswick and Lüneburg. When the Imperial ban was placed on Henry the Lion in 1180, he lost his titles as Duke of Saxony and Duke of Bavaria . He went into exile for several years, but was then allowed to stay on
1554-703: The Consistory of Hildesheim ); the northern part (the Superintendency of Lebenstedt), however, belonged to the Free State of Brunswick and therefore to the Evangelical Lutheran State Church in Brunswick . When the city of Watenstedt-Salzgitter was created in 1942, the entire area was attached to the state of Brunswick both politically and ecclesiastically . Thus, all parishes of Salzgitter now belong to
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#17328525310321628-712: The County of Hoya near Nienburg and extended from there in a narrow, winding strip southwards up the River Leine through Wunstorf and Hanover where it reached the Principality of Wolfenbüttel. In 1495, it was expanded around Göttingen . In 1584, it returned to the Wolfenbüttel Line. In 1634, as a result of inheritance distributions, it went to the House of Lüneburg, before becoming an independent principality again in 1635, when it
1702-570: The Crown Prince's son to the Emperor's only daughter , and Wilhelm II, German Emperor , allowed his son-in-law to assume rule in 1913 (his father having renounced his own right). After their death, rule of the Principality was to revert to the Ascanians. In order to underpin the agreement, in 1374 Albert of Saxe-Lüneburg married Catharina, the widow of Magnus II. The treaty also envisaged the creation of
1776-499: The Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg in the beginning of the 16th century. Later, Salzgitter belonged to the diocese of Hildesheim . When the diocese was transferred to Prussia in 1803, the municipal law was reconfirmed, but taken away once more in 1815, when Salzgitter became part of the Kingdom of Hanover . In 1830, a brine bath was established in Salzgitter. After the Kingdom of Hanover was transferred to Prussia in 1866, Salzgitter became
1850-560: The Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg or Brunswick-Lüneburg , was an imperial principality of the Holy Roman Empire in the territory of present day Lower Saxony . In 1235, Otto I was enfeoffed with the newly founded Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg at the Court of Mainz . It was based on the two castles in Brunswick and Lüneburg and the associated estate of the House of Welf . In 1269 there
1924-537: The Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg found himself in the line of succession for the British crown, later confirmed in 1707 by the Act of Union , which he subsequently inherited, thereby creating a personal union of the two crowns on 20 October 1714. After a little over a decade, the matter of the disputed electorate was settled upon the heir, and the new Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (acceded as duke on 23 January 1698), George I Louis ,
1998-542: The House of Stuart —and subsequently formed a personal union on August 1st, 1714 between the British crown and the duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg (electorate of Hanover), which would last until well after the end of the Napoleonic wars more than a century later—including even through the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire and the rise of a new successor kingdom. In that manner, the "Electorate of Hanover" (the core duchy)
2072-772: The Landkreis Holzminden to the Prussian Province of Hanover . In October, 1942, the SS established the Drütte concentration camp, a subcamp of the Neuengamme concentration camp , to provide slave labour for the Hermann Göring Works. This large subcamp held 2,800 inmates. There were three concentration camps located in Salzgitter. During the war, Salzgitter was severely damaged by several American and British bombings . After
2146-537: The Landkreis Wolfenbüttel ) were merged to form the Stadtkreis Watenstedt-Salzgitter . As the neighbouring municipality Gitter had already been incorporated in 1938, the young city initially comprised 29 boroughs in 1942. Together with the remainder of the district of Goslar, the new independent municipality was integrated into the Free State of Brunswick . In return, Braunschweig transferred
2220-458: The interchange Salzgitter (where it is possible change to Autobahn 7 Kassel-Hanover). Salzgitter has got five grade-separated interchanges to this Autobahn. East from Salzgitter, there is the Autobahn 395 (Braunschweig- Goslar ), which can be reached from Salzgitter by four interchanges. Moreover, two highways go through Salzgitter. Salzgitter has six railway stations . The most important one
2294-626: The ( allodial ) estates inherited from his mother's side until the end of his life. At the Imperial Diet of 1235 in Mainz , as part of the reconciliation between the Hohenstaufen and Welf families, Henry's grandson, Otto the Child , transferred his estates to Emperor Frederick II and was enfeoffed in return with the newly created Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg, which was formed from the estates transferred to
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2368-675: The Church of Brunswick. The two superintendencies are called Propstei ( provostry ) today, and both the Propsteien Salzgitter-Bad and Salzgitter-Lebenstedt comprise additional parishes which are not within the city of Salzgitter. Roman Catholics who after the Reformation moved into the city belonged, as in the Middle Ages , to the diocese of Hildesheim , which established a separate deanery in Salzgitter. All Roman Catholic parishes of
2442-465: The Emperor as well as other large areas of the imperial fisc . After his death in 1252, he was succeeded by his sons, Albert the Tall and John , who ruled the dukedom jointly. In 1269, the duchy was divided, Albert receiving the southern part of the state around Brunswick and John the northern territories in the area of Lüneburg. The towns of Lüneburg and Brunswick remained in the overall possession of
2516-569: The Empire, which at one time had over 1500 such legally recognized entities. In the List of Reichstag participants (1792) , the following four subdivisions of Brunswick-Lüneburg had recognized representation: By 1705 only two Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg survived, one ruling Calenberg, Lüneburg and other possessions, and the other ruling Wolfenbüttel. One of the dynastic lines was that of the princes of Lüneburg , which, in 1635, acquired Calenberg for George ,
2590-748: The Hermann-Göring-Werke Salzgitter , effective from 1 April 1942, to form a unified city district ( independent city ). Towards this aim, the town of Salzgitter and the municipalities Beinum, Flachstöckheim, Groß-Mahner, Hohenrode, Ohlendorf and Ringelheim (7 in total, all belonging to the Landkreis Goslar ) and Barum, Beddingen, Bleckenstedt, Bruchmachtersen, Calbecht, Drütte, Engelnstedt, Engerode, Gebhardshagen, Hallendorf, Heerte, Immendorf, Lebenstedt, Lesse, Lichtenberg, Lobmachtersen, Osterlinde, Reppner, Salder, Thiede-Steterburg (nowadays simply Thiede) and Watenstedt (21 in total, all belonging to
2664-679: The Holy Roman Empire in 1708. His possessions were enlarged in 1706 when the hereditary lands of the Calenberg branch of the Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg merged with the lands of the Lüneburg-Celle branch to form the Electorate of Hanover. Subsequently, George I was referred to as Elector of Hanover. In 1700 and 1701, when the English Parliament had addressed the question of an orderly succession, with
2738-546: The House of Welf until 1512 and 1671 respectively. In 1571 the Amt of Calvörde became an exclave of the Duchy. The various parts of the duchy were further divided and re-united over the centuries, all of them being ruled by the Welf or Guelph dynasty, who maintained close relations with one another—not infrequently by marrying cousins—a practice far more common than is the case today, even among
2812-522: The Oderwald Forest and the Salzgitter-Höhenzug ("Salzgitter Hills"). The city stretches up to 24 km (15 mi) from north to south and up to 19 km (12 mi) from east to west. The highest point is the hill Hamberg (275 m or 902 ft), located northwest of Salzgitter-Bad. The following cities, towns and municipalities , listed clockwise beginning in the northeast, border on
2886-501: The Principality of Brunswick was formed following the first division of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg. In 1432, as a result of increasing tensions with the townsfolk of Brunswick , the Brunswick Line moved their Residence to Wolfenbüttel , into the water castle , which was expanded into a Schloss , whilst the town was developed into a royal seat. The name Wolfenbüttel was given to this principality. From 1546, Wolfenbüttel became
2960-406: The accession of Queen Victoria in 1837. George I was followed by his son George II and then his great-grandson George III , the latter retaining the position of elector even after the Holy Roman Empire was abolished by its last emperor in 1806. George III contested the validity of the dissolution of the Empire and maintained separate consular offices and staff for the Electorate of Hanover until
3034-469: The beginning of the 14th century around salt springs near the village Verpstedt (later Vöppstedt). The name was derived from the neighbouring village Gitter (nowadays a city borough) as "up dem solte to Gytere", which means "salt near Gitter"; the first mention was in 1347. After 200 years of salt production at various springs, the peasants in the area which is nowadays Salzgitter were chartered around 1350, but lost municipal law again when being transferred to
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3108-438: The city Watenstedt-Salzgitter that existed at the time. In 1951, the borough Salzgitter was renamed Salzgitter-Bad; the name Salzgitter, having thus been freed up, became the new and more succinct name of the city that had been called "Watenstedt-Salzgitter" until then. (Nowadays, "Salzgitter-Watenstedt" is the name of a small borough with a few hundred inhabitants.) Salzgitter is located in a wide dell coated with loess , between
3182-597: The city now pertain to that deanery. Besides the two major denominations, there are congregations in Salzgitter which belong to free churches . These include a Baptist parish, the Church of God , Plymouth Brethren , and the Seventh-day Adventist Church , as well as several New Apostolic Churches . Due to the immigration of foreign workers during the 1970s, there are some Islamic mosques . According to calculations based on census data, Salzgitter in 2011 had
3256-837: The city of Salzgitter. (As Salzgitter was founded on the area of the district of Wolfenbüttel , that district borders on Salzgitter in the west and in the east and is therefore listed twice.) The area of the City of Salzgitter consists of 31 boroughs ( German : Stadtteile ; often called villages ): Bad, Barum, Beddingen, Beinum, Bleckenstedt, Bruchmachtersen, Calbecht, Drütte, Engelnstedt, Engerode, Flachstöckheim, Gebhardshagen, Gitter, Groß Mahner, Hallendorf, Heerte, Hohenrode, Immendorf, Lebenstedt, Lesse, Lichtenberg, Lobmachtersen, Ohlendorf, Osterlinde, Reppner, Ringelheim , Salder, Sauingen, Thiede, Üfingen and Watenstedt. These 31 boroughs are combined to 7 towns ( German : Ortschaften ). Each town has an elected mayor and town council . The towns with their boroughs are: Salzgitter originated in
3330-696: The city. Besides, since 1946 on there was the Oberstadtdirektor as the Chief Executive of the City Council. Since 2001, the office of the leader of the Council and the Chief Executive are merged into one, simply called Mayor. Being elected by the people, the Mayor represents the city and leads the Council. Salzgitter's Coat of Arms consists of a silver furnace visible behind a silver pinnacle wall on which there
3404-662: The core area of Northern Lower Saxon (where only three of the original eight vowel phonemes remain). Despite the diversity of the sounds in detail, most of the Eastphalian dialects thus have a common sound system. (In this case, besides the Heide-Eastphalian the Göttingisch-Grubenhagen-Eastphalian - which in this case is in the same position as the East-Westphalian - is left out). Another thing to mention
3478-445: The course of the years into smaller and smaller principalities, Grubenhagen returned in 1596 to Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and was ceded to the Calenberg line in 1665. Other branches that did not have full sovereignty included the states of Dannenberg, Harburg, Gifhorn , Bevern , Osterode, Herzberg, Salzderhelden, and Einbeck. While a total of about a dozen subdivisions that existed, some were only dynastic and not recognised as states of
3552-513: The dative has coincided with the accusative in the forms mentioned, its peculiarity is shown by the fact that the accusative has prevailed over the dative in all of these forms (in Northern Low Saxon it is the other way around). In Eastphalian, an accusative of the first person plural has been preserved with the form üsch and southern Eastphalian össek (cf. Old High German unsih, Old English ūsic [besides ūs ], also High Alemannic üs , südbairisch ins in Upper German). The e-apocope, i.e.
3626-402: The fight flared up again in the spring of 1388. Elector Wenceslas had to assemble an army without the help of Bernard, supported by the town of Lüneburg. From Winsen an der Aller , he wanted to attack Celle , which was held by Henry and his mother. During the preparations Elector Wenceslas fell seriously ill and died shortly thereafter. According to legend, he was poisoned. Lüneburg continued
3700-503: The highest proportion of Muslim migrants of all major cities in Lower Saxony. After the creation of Salzgitter a state commissar was set in place as provisional Mayer of the city of Watenstedt-Salzgitter. After World War II , the military government of the British zone of occupation installed the communal constitution of Britain . Furthermore, there is an elected Council in place. The Council elects one of its members to Mayor (German: Oberbürgermeister ) as leader and representative of
3774-400: The historic region of Eastphalia . Eastphalian as a separate dialect was determined by 19th century linguistics , tracing it back to Old Saxon variants spoken in eastern parts of the medieval stem duchy of Saxony . Towards the Elbe region in the southeast, the language area is increasingly influenced by the High German consonant shift . The most prominent characteristic in Eastphalian
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#17328525310323848-465: The husband of the Duke's morganatic daughter, Sophie Dorothea , later known as the "Princess of Ahlden". It was united with the Principality of Calenberg, which had been elevated in 1692 into the Electorate. The southernmost principality in the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg stretched from Münden in the south down the River Weser to Holzminden . In the east it ran through Göttingen along the River Leine via Northeim to Einbeck . It emerged in 1345 as
3922-440: The imminent inheritance of Celle by the Duke of Calenberg, though the actual dynastic union of the territories did not occur until 1705 under his son George I Louis, and the Electorate was not officially approved by the Imperial Diet until 1708. The resulting state was known under many different names: Brunswick-Lüneburg, Calenberg, Calenberg-Celle; its ruler was often known as the " Elector of Hanover ". Coincidentally, in 1701,
3996-411: The large iron ore body in Salzgitter, which had been mentioned first in 1310, the National Socialists founded the " Reichswerke Hermann Göring " for ore mining and iron production in 1937. In order to facilitate an unobstructed development of the smelting works, a unique administration structure in the whole area was conceived. Therefore, it was decreed in the Order about the area settlement around
4070-458: The legal status of principalities, were generally named after the residence of their rulers. The estates of the different dynastic lines could be inherited by a side line when a particular family died out. For example, over the course of the centuries there were the Old, Middle and New Houses (or Lines) of Brunswick, and the Old, Middle and New Houses of Lüneburg. The number of simultaneously reigning dynastic lines varied from two to five. In 1269,
4144-522: The local TV channel TV 38 is broadcast by cable television . Salzgitter is seat of these public institutions: Since 1993, there is a site of the Fachhochschule Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel , where you can study In addition, you can study after having completed a study in the past and – by correspondence course – The other sites of the Fachhochschule are Braunschweig, Wolfenbüttel and Wolfsburg . Furthermore, there are several general-education schools (meaning that general knowledge
4218-437: The local administrative reform of Lower-Saxony effective from 1 March 1974, the municipalities Üfingen and Sauingen (formerly Landkreis Wolfenbüttel) were incorporated, increasing the number of boroughs to 31. Iron ore continued to be mined in Salzgitter until 1982; in the former mine Schacht Konrad (Konrad mine), an ultimate disposal place for radioactive waste has been planned since 1975. Population figures in order to
4292-428: The modern city of Salzgitter originally pertained to the diocese of Hildesheim . In 1568, the Reformation was established in Salzgitter, and two ecclesiastical superintendencies came into existence: the southern part of the area of the modern city, the Superintendency of Salzgitter, pertained to the Province of Hanover and thus ecclesiastically to the Evangelical Lutheran State Church of Hanover (and, within it, to
4366-401: The name Duchy of Brunswick . The Duchy remained independent and joined first the North German Confederation and then the German Empire in 1871. When the Wolfenbüttel Line became extinct in 1884, the German government withheld the rightful heir, the Crown Prince of Hanover , from taking control, instead installing a regency. Decades later, the families were reconciled by the marriage of
4440-425: The omission of the -e at the end of the word, as took place in North Lower Saxon, was entirely absent in Eastphalian. Thus, the ablaut -e in words like Sprake (language, speech) and Wiele (while) remains and is not dropped. Furthermore, the -e is also preserved in nouns in the nominative case, where High German no longer has them either, such as in Harte (heart), Frue (woman), Herre (man), Bäre (bear). The same
4514-421: The other hand. This Coat of Arms is from 1951. Before, Watenstedt-Salzgitter had got a different one. Also the former town Salzgitter had got various coats of arms from 1854 on. Like many German cities, Salzgitter has used the city's logo for some years. It is a green field with a white snaking way that narrows towards the horizon . In the north of Salzgitter, there is an Autobahn (A 39) from Braunschweig to
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#17328525310324588-419: The other train stops of Salzgitter. There are three bus companies in Salzgitter. The bus network is quite important considering Salzgitter consists of many spread-out villages. In Salzgitter, the daily newspaper Salzgitter-Zeitung and the Sunday newspaper Salzgitter-Woche am Sonntag are published. There is the event calendar Salzgitter Szene and the online magazine Salzgitter-aktuell . Furthermore,
4662-496: The peasantry of the Holy Roman Empire, for the contemporary salic inheritance laws encouraged the practice of retaining control of lands and benefits. The seats of power moved in the meantime from Brunswick and Lüneburg to Celle and Wolfenbüttel as the towns asserted their independence. The subsequent history of the dukedom and its subordinate principalities was characterised by numerous divisions and reunifications. The subordinate states that were repeatedly created, and which had
4736-407: The preparations, formed an alliance with the Prince-Bishop of Minden and Count of Schaumburg and set up his own army. On 28 May 1388, battle was joined at Winsen an der Aller; it ended in victory for Henry . According to the provisions of the Treaty of Hanover from the year 1373, after the death of Wensceslas, the Principality passed to the House of Welf . In 1389, an inheritance agreement between
4810-460: The residence of the senior prince of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Henry, Duke of Brunswick-Dannenberg . With sole rights to the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg, he provided a conditional sub-lease of the Principality of Lüneburg to the princes of Calenberg with the conditions of payment to the Wolfenbüttel heirs (Chief of the House), together with the guarantee that only his descendants would inherit this senior principality of Wolfenbüttel. Not until 1753/1754
4884-431: The result of a division of the Principality of Brunswick and was united in 1495 with Calenberg. From 1291 to 1596, Grubenhagen was an independent principality, its first ruler being Henry the Admirable , son of Albert of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel . The state lay along the northern part of the Solling hills and the River Leine near Einbeck and north of the Eichsfeld on and in the southwestern Harz . After being split in
4958-468: The then area, i.e. until 1942 the contemporary quarter Salzgitter-Bad and from 1942 on the Independent City Watenstedt-Salzgitter and Salzgitter respectively. The population of residents with a migration background is 37,048 (32.8% of the total population) in 2023, this includes the citizens also with a second passport. 40.2% of Salzgitter has a migration background and majority of the nations present are middle eastern or East European countries The area of
5032-411: The war, the State of Braunschweig became part of the Land Lower Saxony , and Watenstedt-Salzgitter became an Independent City in the "Administrative District of Braunschweig" (later Regierungsbezirk Braunschweig ). In 1951, the city was renamed to "Stadt Salzgitter" (City of Salzgitter), while the borough Salzgitter was renamed to "Salzgitter-Bad", referring to the brine bath there. In the course of
5106-402: Was a first division between the brothers Albrecht and Johann . The resulting principalities of Brunswick and Lüneburg together continued to form the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg. The history of the duchy and the constituent principalities was marked by further divisions and mergers of the principalities. The constituent principalities existed until the end of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806. At
5180-582: Was able to style himself the Elector of Brunswick and Lüneburg from 1708. It was not just happenstance but also religion-driven politics that brought about the circumstance that he was also put into the line of succession for the British crown by the Act of Settlement — which was written to ensure a Protestant succession to the thrones of Scotland and England at a time when anti-Catholic sentiment ran high in much of Northern Europe and much of Great Britain . In this event, George I succeeded his second cousin Anne, Queen of Great Britain —the last reigning member of
5254-496: Was also known as the Electorate of Hanover or as Kurhannover . In 1814, it was succeeded by the Kingdom of Hanover . The Principality of Lüneburg emerged alongside the Principality of Brunswick in 1269 when the inheritance of the Duchy was divided. After the death of Duke George William of Brunswick-Lüneburg in 1705, King George I inherited the state of Lüneburg, being both the benefactor of Georges William's 1658 renunciation in favour of his younger brother Ernest Augustus and
5328-459: Was enlarged with the addition of other lands and became the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 at the peace conferences ( Congress of Vienna ) settling the future shape of Europe in the aftermath of the Napoleonic wars. The first Hanoverian King of Great Britain, George I of Great Britain , was the reigning Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg , and was finally made an official and recognized prince-elector of
5402-516: Was given to George , younger brother of Prince Ernest II of Lüneburg , who chose Hanover as his Residenz . New territory was added in 1665 in the vicinity of Grubenhagen and in 1705 around the Principality of Lüneburg. In 1692, Duke Ernest Augustus from the Calenberg Line, acquired the right to be a prince-elector as the Prince-Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg . Colloquially, the Electorate
5476-513: Was the Residence moved back to Brunswick, into the newly built Brunswick Palace . Following the Congress of Vienna and territorial adjustments the principality formed the basis of the new Duchy of Brunswick . In 1432, the estates gained by the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel between the Deister and Leine split away as the Principality of Calenberg. To the north, this new state bordered on
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