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19-519: The Oker River enters the district in the south, runs through the city of Wolfenbüttel (the district seat), and exits to the northwest. The district was created in 1832 when the Duchy of Brunswick was subdivided into six districts. It remained unchanged until 1941 when the Salzgitter-Verordnung ("Salzgitter Ordinance" creating the city of Salzgitter) took effect and removed 20 municipalities from

38-498: A slightly higher level. These channels were laid in the 16th century as the external moats of the town's defences. The actual course of the Oker through the centre of the town was covered and, today, runs through pipes emerging again north of the old town. The water level in the city area is controlled by the St. Peter's Gate Weir ( Petritorwehr ) in the western and the " Wends Weir" ( Wendenwehr ) in

57-703: Is a river in Lower Saxony , Germany , that has historically formed an important political boundary. It is a left tributary of the River Aller , 128 kilometres (80 mi) in length and runs in a generally northerly direction. The river's name was recorded around 830 as Obacra and, later, as Ovokare und Ovakara . The origin of the name is derived from the roots ov- and -akara meaning “upper” (cf. New High German ober- ) and “onward rushing” (rendered in German as “Vorwärtsdrängende”) as distinct from its tributary,

76-706: The Ecker , whose name means only “onward rushing”. The Oker rises at about 910 metres in the Harz National Park in a boggy area on the Bruchberg in the Harz mountains of central Germany . This early section is known as the Große Oker ("Great Oker") and it is impounded below Altenau by the Oker Dam . From the dam wall to the former village of Oker , which is today part of Goslar ,

95-711: The Oker Dam and the Romkerhall hydroelectric plant run by the Harzwasserwerke company, as well as for drinking water treatment at the Grane Dam . While the upper current is almost left in its natural state, the lower sections are more obstructed; recently, fish ladders have been built to facilitate natural migration. In the Middle Ages the Radowe was used for the rafting of logs and wooden palettes stacked with peat. To that end

114-500: The Okerlicht project. Left tributaries (from source to mouth): Right tributaries: Oste class fleet service ship Radau Radau is a river of Lower Saxony , Germany . It is right tributary of the Oker . It rises in the Harz range, leaves the mountains at Bad Harzburg , and discharges into the Oker near Vienenburg . The river rises at around 800 m (2,600 ft) in

133-623: The Upper Harz region, in a bog known as Torfhausmoor or Radaubornmoor . The raised bog stretches from Torfhaus , a hamlet belonging to the Clausthal-Zellerfeld municipality, to the Brocken massif in the east. The historic peat cutting area today is part of the Harz National Park and can be reached via the scenic trail Goethe Way . From its source, the mountain stream flows northwards through

152-610: The Duchy of Brunswick in the east. From 1945 to 1990 the Inner German border between East and West Germany ran down the centre of the Oker between Wiedelah and Schladen, today between the German states of Saxony-Anhalt and Lower Saxony . Since the Expo 2000 bridges over the Oker in Braunschweig and its surrounding area were artistically designed; after 2004 this was carried out as part of

171-620: The Final Act of the 1815 Vienna Congress , the Oker was the eastern border of the Kingdom of Hanover with the Duchy of Brunswick and the Prussian Province of Saxony . When the Kingdom of Prussia annexed Hanover in 1866, it became the inner Prussian border between the provinces of Hanover and Saxony as well as the border, north of Börßum to Ohrum between the Province of Hanover in the west and

190-919: The French city of Cachan , the County Borough of Rhondda Cynon Taff in Wales , and the District of Września in Poland . The lion at the top of the coat of arms represents the House of Welf , the ruling house of the Duchy of Brunswick from the 13th century. The ears in the bottom symbolise the district's mostly agricultural character. Free municipalities [REDACTED] Media related to Landkreis Wolfenbüttel at Wikimedia Commons 52°10′N 10°35′E  /  52.167°N 10.583°E  / 52.167; 10.583 Oker The Oker ( pronounced [ˈoːkɐ] )

209-549: The Goslar vicinity of Oker the river is seriously polluted with heavy metals from the slag heaps as well as groundwater and surface runoff from the metal smelters there. From the village of Oker the River Oker flows away in a northeasterly direction to Vienenburg , where it is joined from the south by the Radau and then from the southeast by the Ecker . After these two confluences

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228-626: The Oker between the villages of Ohrum and Börßum formed the eastern boundary of the Prince-Bishopric of Hildesheim with the Duchy of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel , and further south to Wiedelah (today part of Vienenburg ) with the Prince-Bishopric of Halberstadt, which became the Prussian Principality of Halberstadt following its secularization in 1648. The Bishopric of Halberstadt was likewise mediatised in 1803, and according to

247-641: The Oker is on certain occasions suitable for canoeing . This section, often called the "Oker Valley" ( Okertal ), includes the Romkerhall Waterfall. Here the Romke stream drops about 64 metres (210 ft) in height over a waterfall laid out in 1863 into the Oker. Downstream in the river's fast-flowing waters, the Verlobungsinsel ("Betrothal Island") is to be found. Left and right of the Oker in this area are many crags that are popular with climbers . In

266-573: The Radau valley that it has carved out and feeds the 23 m (75 ft) high waterfall Radauwasserfall south of Bad Harzburg, immediately next to the Bundesstraße 4 federal highway. The artificial waterfall was constructed as a tourist attraction in 1859 on behalf of the Duchy of Brunswick State Railway company, which had operated the Brunswick–Bad Harzburg railway line since 1841. Beneath

285-444: The district; in return, 10 municipalities from the (then) District of Marienburg were turned over to Wolfenbüttel. When the district boundaries changed again in 1974 (as part of administrative reforms), parts of the former District of Brunswick were added to Wolfenbüttel. Additionally, several municipalities—most notably the city Bad Harzburg —were exchanged with the neighboring District of Goslar. The district has partnerships with

304-507: The early ninth century the middle Oker river has formed the diocesan boundary between the bishoprics of Halberstadt and Hildesheim , established by Emperor Charlemagne and his son Louis the Pious in the Duchy of Saxony . North of Schladen the royal palace ( Königspfalz ) of Werla was established on the banks about 20 metres (66 ft) above the river bed. From the High Middle Ages

323-511: The eastern ditch. Following the merger of the two channels northwest of the city centre the Oker runs north of the district of Watenbüttel  [ de ] in a culvert under the Mittelland Canal before it is joined by the Schunter from the east near Groß Schwülper. It then flows down to its mouth into the River Aller , which is located between Gifhorn and Celle at Müden . Since

342-566: The river continues southeast past the Harly Forest , after which it bends north to flow through Schladen and Wolfenbüttel to Braunschweig . In south Braunschweig the Oker is dammed by the Eisenbüttel Weir. In the Bürgerpark shortly before Braunschweig's old town the Oker divides into the western and eastern bypass channels ( Umflutgraben ) which circumnavigate the historic city centre at

361-513: The waterfall is a restaurant and a miniature railway integrated into the landscape. Passing west of the Großer Burgberg mountain, the river flows through the Bad Harzburg and Vienenburg urban areas. The Radau discharges into the Oker river northeast of Vienenburg, near the village of Wiedelah at the eastern rim of the Harly Forest . Since 1981, shares of the Radau waters are discharged to

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