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44-558: It traverses the boroughs of Ville-Marie , Le Plateau-Mont-Royal , Rosemont–La Petite-Patrie , Villeray–Saint-Michel–Parc-Extension and Ahuntsic-Cartierville . There is also a Rue Saint-Hubert in Laval 's Pont-Viau district, running several blocks north from the Rivière des Prairies not far from the alignment of the Montreal street, although they are not connected. The land where this street

88-524: Is 1,344,200 square kilometres (518,998.5 sq mi), of which 839,200 km (324,016.9 sq mi) is in Canada and 505,000 km (194,981.6 sq mi) is in the United States. The basin covers parts of Ontario and Quebec in Canada, parts of Minnesota , Wisconsin , Illinois , Indiana , Ohio , Pennsylvania , New York , Vermont , and nearly the entirety of the state of Michigan in

132-601: Is a National Historic Site of Canada . The borough comprises all of downtown Montreal , including the Quartier des spectacles ; Old Montreal and the Old Port ; the Centre-Sud area; most of Mount Royal Park as well as Saint Helen's Island and Île Notre-Dame . In 2016, it had a population of 89,170 and an area of 16.5 square kilometres (6.4 sq mi). It is bordered by the city of Westmount (along Atwater Avenue ) to

176-472: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Ville-Marie, Montreal Ville-Marie ( French pronunciation: [vil maʁi] ) is the name of a borough ( arrondissement ) in the centre of Montreal , Quebec. The borough is named after Fort Ville-Marie , the French settlement that would later become Montreal (now Old Montreal ), which was located within the present-day borough. Old Montreal

220-626: Is a large international river in the middle latitudes of North America connecting the Great Lakes to the North Atlantic Ocean . Its waters flow in a northeasterly direction from Lake Ontario to the Gulf of St. Lawrence , traversing Ontario and Quebec in Canada and New York in the United States. A section of the river demarcates the Canada–U.S. border . As the primary drainage outflow of

264-669: Is home to the Thousand Islands . Today, the St. Lawrence River begins at the outflow of Lake Ontario and flows adjacent to Gananoque , Brockville , Morristown , Ogdensburg , Massena , Cornwall , Montreal , Trois-Rivières , and Quebec City before draining into the Gulf of St. Lawrence , often given as the largest estuary in the world. The estuary begins at the eastern tip of Île d'Orléans , just downstream from Quebec City. The river becomes tidal around Quebec City. The St. Lawrence River runs 3,058 kilometres (1,900  mi ) from

308-623: Is located was donated by Hubert-Joseph Lacroix (1743-1821), whose family settled on this street, and was officially laid out in 1826. The large residences built here in the second half of the nineteenth century, mainly by the French-Canadian elite, preserve the character of the street's residential origins to this day. The artery was the site of the Montreal Eucharistic Congress in 1910, which ran between Saint-Antoine Street and Cherrier Street. The first St-Hubert restaurant

352-575: Is that country's sixth oldest surviving European place-name. The earliest regular Europeans in the area were the Basques , who came to the St Lawrence Gulf and River in pursuit of whales from the early 16th century. The Basque whalers and fishermen traded with indigenous Americans and set up settlements, leaving vestiges all over the coast of eastern Canada and deep into the St. Lawrence River. Basque commercial and fishing activity reached its peak before

396-513: Is the second longest river in Canada. Lake Champlain and the Ottawa , Richelieu , Saint-Maurice , Saint-François , Chaudière and Saguenay rivers drain into the St. Lawrence. The St. Lawrence River is in a seismically active zone where fault reactivation is believed to occur along late Proterozoic to early Paleozoic normal faults related to the opening of the Iapetus Ocean . The faults in

440-618: The Armada Invencible ' s disaster (1588), when the Basque whaling fleet was confiscated by King Philip II of Spain . Initially, the whaling galleons from Labourd were not affected by the Spanish defeat. Until the early 17th century, the French used the name Rivière du Canada to designate the St. Lawrence upstream to Montreal and the Ottawa River after Montreal. The St. Lawrence River served as

484-600: The Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) megahospital, opened in 2017, as well as the Montreal General Hospital and Hôpital Notre-Dame . Major parks and recreation areas include Mount Royal and its park, Parc Jean-Drapeau (the site of Expo 67 ), Dorchester Square and Place du Canada , and the Old Port . The Montreal Public Libraries Network operates the Frontenac and Père-Ambroise libraries in

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528-737: The Downtown Terminus ) are in the borough. It is served by the Orange , Green , and Yellow Lines of the Montreal Metro . The Metro's central station, Berri-UQAM (which is a terminus of the Yellow Line), and the Central Bus Station , are also located in Ville-Marie. Two autoroutes serve the area: Autoroute Bonaventure and the partly underground Autoroute Ville-Marie . Two bridges —

572-618: The Great Lakes Basin , the St. Lawrence has the second-highest discharge of any river in North America (after the Mississippi River ) and the 16th-highest in the world. The estuary of St. Lawrence is often cited by scientists as the largest in the world. Significant natural landmarks of the river and estuary include the 1,864 river islands of the Thousand Islands , the endangered whales of Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park , and

616-700: The Gulf of St. Lawrence : Flowing through and adjacent to numerous Indigenous homelands, the river was a primary thoroughfare for many peoples. Beginning in Dawnland at the Gulf of St. Lawrence, the river borders Mi'kma'ki in the South (what is today known as the Canadian Maritimes ), and Nitassinan in the North, the national territory of the Innu people . On the south shore beyond

660-501: The Hudson River . The Accommodation with ten passengers made her maiden voyage from Montreal to Quebec City in 66 hours, for 30 of which she was at anchor. She had a keel of 75 feet, and a length overall of 85 feet. The cost of a ticket was eight dollars upstream, and nine dollars down. She had berths that year for twenty passengers. Within a decade, daily service was available in the hotly-contested Montreal-Quebec route. Because of

704-872: The Mi'kmaw district of Gespe'gewa'ki , the river passes Wolastokuk (the Maliseet homeland), Pαnawαhpskewahki (the Penobscot homeland), and Ndakinna (the Abenaki homeland). Continuing, the river passes through the former country of the St. Lawrence Iroquois and then three of the six homelands of the Haudenosaunee : the Mohawk or Kanienʼkehá꞉ka , the Oneida or Onyota'a:ka , and the Onondaga or Onöñda’gaga’ . In

748-932: The Montreal Museum of Fine Arts , the Quartier des spectacles , the Montreal Science Centre , Pointe-à-Callière Museum , Musée Grévin Montreal , and numerous other important venues. Sports complexes include the Bell Centre , home of the Montreal Canadiens ; the Percival Molson Stadium , home of the Montreal Alouettes ; and the Circuit Gilles Villeneuve on Île Notre-Dame , site of the Canadian Grand Prix . Hospitals include

792-670: The Thousand Islands chain near Alexandria Bay, New York and Kingston, Ontario ; the Hochelaga Archipelago , including the Island of Montreal and Île Jésus ( Laval ); the Lake St. Pierre Archipelago (classified a biosphere world reserve by the UNESCO in 2000) and the smaller Mingan Archipelago . Other islands include Île d'Orléans near Quebec City and Anticosti Island north of the Gaspé . It

836-690: The Tour de la Bourse , Place Ville-Marie , the Sun Life Building , the Maison Radio-Canada , and many others are located here. Three of Montreal's four universities — McGill , Concordia , and UQAM  — are located in Ville-Marie, as are three of its four basilicas  — Mary, Queen of the World Cathedral , Notre-Dame Basilica , and St. Patrick's Basilica . Cultural infrastructure includes Grande Bibliothèque du Québec , Place des Arts ,

880-625: The Victoria Bridge and Jacques-Cartier Bridge  — provide access to the South Shore , while the Pont de la Concorde provides access to Saint Helen's Island and Notre Dame Island ( Parc Jean-Drapeau ). The Jacques-Cartier Bridge also provides access to Saint Helen's Island and Notre Dame Island. Many of Montreal's most famous attractions are situated in Ville-Marie. Most of its office towers, including 1000 de La Gauchetière , 1250 René-Lévesque ,

924-591: The 10th of August feast day for Saint Lawrence in 1535. Indigenous people use the following names: In winter, the St. Lawrence River begins producing ice in December, with the formation of ice cubes between Montreal and Quebec City . The prevailing winds and currents push this ice towards the estuary, and it reaches the east of Les Méchins at the end of December. Ice covers the entire Gulf of St. Lawrence in January and February. Ice helps navigation by preventing

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968-687: The Appalachian division at all. The source of the North River in the Mesabi Range in Minnesota (Seven Beaver Lake) is considered to be the source of the St. Lawrence River. Because it crosses so many lakes, the water system frequently changes its name. From source to mouth, the names are: The St. Lawrence River also passes through Lake Saint-Louis and Lake Saint-Pierre in Quebec. The St. Lawrence River and

1012-406: The St. Lawrence River includes: Large marine mammals travel in all the seas of the earth, the research and observations of these giants concern fishermen and shipping industry , exercise a fascination and a keen interest for laymen and, subjects of endless studies for scientists from Quebec, Canada and around the world. Thirteen species of cetaceans frequent the waters of the estuary and

1056-622: The St. Lawrence to attack the city from the west, which they successfully did at the Battle of the Plains of Abraham . The river was used again by the British to defeat the French siege of Quebec under the Chevalier de Lévis in 1760. In 1809, the first steamboat to ply its trade on the St. Lawrence was built and operated by John Molson and associates, a scant two years after Fulton's steam-powered navigation of

1100-773: The United States). The Seaway (including the Welland Canal ) now permits ocean-going vessels to pass all the way to Lake Superior . During the Second World War , the Battle of the St. Lawrence involved submarine and anti-submarine actions throughout the lower St. Lawrence River and the entire Gulf of St. Lawrence , Strait of Belle Isle and Cabot Strait from May to October 1942, September 1943, and again in October and November 1944. During this time, German U-boats sank several merchant marine ships and three Canadian warships. In

1144-579: The United States. The average discharge below the Saguenay River is 16,800 cubic metres per second (590,000 cu ft/s). At Quebec City, it is 12,101 m /s (427,300 cu ft/s). The average discharge at the river's source, the outflow of Lake Ontario, is 7,410 m /s (262,000 cu ft/s). The St. Lawrence River includes Lake Saint Francis at Salaberry-de-Valleyfield , Lake Saint-Louis south of Montreal and Lake Saint Pierre east of Montreal. It encompasses four archipelagoes :

1188-593: The area are rift -related and comprise the Saint Lawrence rift system . According to the United States Geological Survey, the St. Lawrence Valley is a physiographic province of the larger Appalachian division, containing the Champlain section. However, in Canada, where most of the valley is, it is instead considered part of a distinct St. Lawrence Lowlands physiographic division, and not part of

1232-461: The border of Mount Royal Park) to the north. It is bounded on the south by the Saint Lawrence River . As of 2009, the office of borough mayor, rather than being elected by the borough's citizens, is held ex officio by the mayor of Montreal . Also, two of the members of the borough council are city councillors from other boroughs, chosen by the mayor. Rather than a dedicated borough hall,

1276-454: The borough's offices and council chambers are located in the Place Dupuis office tower at 800 De Maisonneuve Boulevard East. This governing structure is due to the unique status of Ville-Marie as the centre of Montreal. The borough is divided among the following federal ridings: It is divided among the following provincial electoral districts: Ville-Marie includes the city's downtown ,

1320-529: The early 17th century, the Huron-Wendat Nation migrated from their original country of Huronia to what is now known as Nionwentsïo centred around Wendake . Nionwentsïo occupies both the north and south shores of the river, overlapping with Nitassinan and the more western Wabanaki or Dawnland countries. Adjacent on the north shore is the Atikamekw territorial homeland of Nitaskinan and, upstream,

1364-813: The eastern part of the borough. As Ville-Marie contains Montreal's central business district, numerous companies are headquartered or have major regional offices in the borough, including Bombardier Aerospace . The International Civil Aviation Organization and the International Air Transport Association are also located in this borough. The Commission scolaire de Montréal (CSDM) operates French-language public schools. The English Montreal School Board (EMSB) operates English-language schools. 45°30′31″N 73°33′46″W  /  45.508556°N 73.562846°W  / 45.508556; -73.562846 Saint Lawrence River The St. Lawrence River ( French : Fleuve Saint-Laurent )

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1408-521: The farthest headwater to the mouth and 1,197 km (743.8 mi) from the outflow of Lake Ontario. These numbers include the estuary; without the estuary, the length from Lake Ontario is c. 500 km (c. 300 mi). The farthest headwater is the North River in the Mesabi Range at Hibbing , Minnesota. Its drainage area, which includes the Great Lakes, the world's largest system of freshwater lakes,

1452-600: The formation of waves, and therefore spray, and prevents the icing of ships. With the draining of the Champlain Sea , due to a rebounding continent from the Last Glacial Maximum , the St. Lawrence River was formed. The Champlain Sea lasted from about 13,000 years ago to about 10,000 years ago and was continuously shrinking during that time, a process that continues today. The head of the St. Lawrence River, near Lake Ontario,

1496-415: The further reaches of Anishinaabewaki, specifically the homelands of the Algonquin and Mississauga Nations. The Norse explored the Gulf of St. Lawrence in the 11th century and were followed by fifteenth- and early sixteenth-century European mariners, such as John Cabot , and the brothers Gaspar and Miguel Corte-Real . The first European explorer known to have sailed up the St. Lawrence River itself

1540-751: The historical district of Old Montreal , Le Quartier Chinois , the Gay Village , the Latin Quarter , the recently gentrified Quartier international and Cité Multimédia as well as the Quartier des Spectacles which is newly developed. Other neighbourhoods of interest in the borough include the affluent Golden Square Mile and Îlot-Trafalgar-Gleneagles at the foot of Mount Royal and the Shaughnessy Village / Quartier Concordia area home to thousands of students at Concordia University . The borough also comprises most of Mount Royal Park , Cité du Havre , Saint Helen's Island , and Île Notre-Dame . Montreal's interurban rail and bus terminals, and its two commuter rail terminals ( Central Station , Lucien-L'Allier and

1584-461: The inland ports of the Great Lakes Waterway . The river has been called a variety of names by local First Nations . Beginning in the 16th century, French explorers visited what is now Canada and gave the river names such as the Grand fleuve de Hochelaga and the Grande rivière du Canada , where fleuve and rivière are two French words ( fleuve being a river that flows into the sea). The river's present name has been used since 1604 when it

1628-489: The largest tributaries of the Great Lakes . The St. Lawrence River tributaries are listed upstream from the mouth. The major tributaries of the inter-lake sections are also shown, as well as the major rivers that flow into the Great Lakes. Great Lakes tributaries are listed in alphabetical order. The list includes all tributaries with a drainage area of at least 1,000 square kilometres and an average flow of more than 10 cubic metres per second. tributary The diversity of

1672-410: The limestone monoliths of the Mingan Archipelago . Long a transportation route to Indigenous peoples , the St. Lawrence River has played a key role in the history of Canada and in the development of cities such as Montreal and Quebec City . The river remains an important shipping route as the backbone of the St. Lawrence Seaway , a lock and canal system that enables world marine traffic to access

1716-399: The main route for European exploration of the North American interior, first pioneered by French explorer Samuel de Champlain . Control of the river was crucial to British strategy to capture New France in the Seven Years' War . Having captured Louisbourg in 1758, the British sailed up to Quebec the following year thanks to charts drawn up by James Cook . British troops were ferried via

1760-407: The virtually impassable Lachine Rapids , the St. Lawrence was once continuously navigable only as far as Montreal. Opened in 1825, the Lachine Canal was the first to allow ships to pass the rapids. An extensive system of canals and locks, known as the St. Lawrence Seaway , was officially opened on 26 June 1959 by Elizabeth II (representing Canada) and President Dwight D. Eisenhower (representing

1804-416: The west and the boroughs of Le Sud-Ouest (along the Autoroute Ville-Marie , Guy and Notre-Dame streets, and the Bonaventure Autoroute ) to the southwest, Mercier–Hochelaga-Maisonneuve (along the CP rail lines) to the east, Le Plateau-Mont-Royal (along Sherbrooke , University streets, and Pine and Park avenues) to the northeast, and Outremont and Côte-des-Neiges—Notre-Dame-de-Grâce (along

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1848-415: Was Jacques Cartier . At that time, the land along the river described as "about two leagues, a mountain as tall as a heap of wheat" was inhabited by the St. Lawrence Iroquoians . During Cartier's second voyage in 1535, because Cartier arrived in the estuary on Saint Lawrence 's feast day 10 August, he named it the Gulf of Saint Lawrence . The St. Lawrence River is today partly within the U.S. and as such

1892-490: Was opened on this street in 1951. Between Bellechasse Street and Jean-Talon Street , the street becomes an outdoor plaza, known as Plaza-St-Hubert, with the sidewalks protected from the elements by a glass roof. 45°30′57″N 73°33′35″W  /  45.51583°N 73.55972°W  / 45.51583; -73.55972 This Montreal geographical article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Quebec road, road transport or highway-related article

1936-410: Was recorded on a map by Samuel de Champlain Champlain opted for the names Grande riviere de sainct Laurens and Fleuve sainct Laurens in his writings, supplanting the earlier names. In contemporary French, the name is rendered as the fleuve Saint-Laurent . The name Saint-Laurent (Saint Lawrence) was originally applied to the eponymous bay by Jacques Cartier upon his arrival into the region on

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