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73-663: (Redirected from Saint George Church ) St George's Church , Church of St George , or variants thereof, may refer to various churches dedicated to Saint George : Albania [ edit ] St. George's Church, Dardhë Armenia [ edit ] Saint Gevork Monastery of Mughni , St. George's Monastery of Mughni Australia [ edit ] St George's Anglican Church, Battery Point , Tasmania St George's Anglican Church, Beenleigh , Queensland St George's Church, Gawler , South Australia; designed by Edward Hamilton St George's Church, Malvern, Victoria St George
146-546: A basilica in Lydda dedicated to George existed. A new church was erected in 1872 and is still standing, where the feast of the translation of the relics of Saint George to that location is celebrated on 3 November each year. In England, he was mentioned among the martyrs by the 8th-century monk Bede . The Georgslied is an adaptation of his legend in Old High German , composed in the late 9th century. The earliest dedication to
219-455: A festum duplex at a church council in 1415, on the date that had become associated with his martyrdom, 23 April. There was wide latitude from community to community in celebration of the day across late medieval and early modern England, and no uniform "national" celebration elsewhere, a token of the popular and vernacular nature of George's cultus and its local horizons, supported by a local guild or confraternity under George's protection, or
292-514: A Christian church or Druze maqam is dedicated to either one of them. According to scholar Ray Jabre Mouawad the Druzes appreciated the two saints for their bravery: Saint George because he confronted the dragon and Saint Elijah because he competed with the pagan priests of Baal and won over them. In both cases the explanations provided by Christians is that Druzes were attracted to warrior saints that resemble their own militarized society. George
365-536: A church dedicated to him in Kyiv , c. 1054 . In Bulgaria , George's day ( Bulgarian : Гергьовден ) is celebrated on 6 May, when it is customary to slaughter and roast a lamb. George's day is also a public holiday . In Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina , the Serbian Orthodox Church refers to George as Sveti Djordje ( Свети Ђорђе ) or Sveti Georgije ( Свети Георгије ). George's day ( Đurđevdan )
438-526: A defunct Lithuanian-Catholic church St. George's Church (Leadville, Colorado) , in National Historic Landmark Leadville Historic District St. George's Chapel, Lewes , Delaware Saint Georges, Delaware North Saint Georges Historic District St. Georges Presbyterian Church St. George Episcopal Church (Jacksonville) , Florida Greek Orthodox Church of St. George (Des Moines, Iowa) , listed on
511-518: A martyr of monotheistic faith. In hagiography , as one of the Fourteen Holy Helpers and one of the most prominent military saints, he is immortalized in the legend of Saint George and the Dragon . His feast day, Saint George's Day , is traditionally celebrated on 23 April. Historically, the countries of England , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Bulgaria , Georgia , Ukraine , Malta , Ethiopia ,
584-460: A soldier saint from early times had its centre in Palestine at Diospolis, now Lydda . St George was apparently martyred there, at the end of the third or the beginning of the fourth century; that is all that can be reasonably surmised about him. The saint's veneration dates to the 5th century with some certainty, and possibly even to the 4th, while the collection of his miracles gradually began during
657-635: A very common confusion between n and l , from Dagon , whose name two neighbouring villages bear to this day, while one of the gates of Lydda used to be called the Gate of Dagon." Due to the Christian influence on the Druze faith , two Christian saints have become amongst the Druze 's most venerated figures: Saint George and Saint Elijah . Thus, in all the villages inhabited by Druze and Christians in central Mount Lebanon
730-480: Is De Situ Terrae Sanctae by the archdeacon Theodosius, written between 518 and 530. By the end of the 6th century, the center of his veneration appears to have shifted to Cappadocia . The Life of Saint Theodore of Sykeon , written in the 7th century, mentions the veneration of the relics of the saint in Cappadocia. By the time of the early Muslim conquests of the mostly Christian and Zoroastrian Middle East,
803-598: Is also secondary, and inconsistent with the earliest cults of the saint being located in Diospolis . George was executed by decapitation on 23 April 303. A witness of his suffering convinced Empress Alexandra of Rome to become a Christian as well, so she joined George in martyrdom. His body was buried in Lydda , where Christians soon came to honour him as a martyr. The Latin Passio Sancti Georgii (6th century) follows
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#1732858327437876-447: Is celebrated on Easter Monday , instead. The Russian Orthodox Church also celebrates two additional feasts in honour of George. One is on 3 November, commemorating the consecration of a cathedral dedicated to him in Lydda during the reign of Constantine the Great (305–37). When the church was consecrated, the relics of George were transferred there. The other feast is on 26 November for
949-533: Is celebrated on 6 May, and is a common slava (patron saint day) among ethnic Serbs . In Egypt , the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria refers to George ( Coptic : Ⲡⲓⲇⲅⲓⲟⲥ Ⲅⲉⲟⲣⲅⲓⲟⲥ or ⲅⲉⲱⲣⲅⲓⲟⲥ ) as the "Prince of Martyrs" and celebrates his martyrdom on the 23rd of Paremhat of the Coptic calendar , equivalent to 1 May. The Copts also celebrate the consecration of the first church dedicated to him on
1022-547: Is described as a prophetic figure in Islamic sources. George is venerated by some Christians and Muslims because of his composite personality combining several biblical, Quranic and other ancient mythical heroes. In some sources he is identified with Elijah or Mar Elis, George or Mar Jirjus and in others as al-Khidr . The last epithet meaning the "green prophet", is common to Christian, Muslim, and Druze folk piety. Samuel Curtiss who visited an artificial cave dedicated to him where he
1095-461: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Church building disambiguation pages Saint George Saint George ( Ancient Greek : Γεώργιος , romanized : Geṓrgios ; died 23 April 303), also George of Lydda , was an early Christian martyr who is venerated as a saint in Christianity . According to tradition, he
1168-513: Is equivalent to saying he has been sent to a madhouse. It is singular that the Moslem Arabs adopted this veneration for St George, and send their mad people to be cured by him, as well as the Christians, but they commonly call him El Khudder – The Green – according to their favourite manner of using epithets instead of names. Why he should be called green, however, I cannot tell – unless it is from
1241-461: Is granted. Al-Thaʿlabi states that George was from Palestine and lived in the times of some disciples of Jesus . He was killed many times by the king of Mosul, and resurrected each time. When the king tried to starve him, he touched a piece of dry wood brought by a woman and turned it green, with varieties of fruits and vegetables growing from it. After his fourth death, the city was burnt along with him. Ibn al-Athir 's account of one of his deaths
1314-406: Is identified with Elijah, reports that childless Muslim women used to visit the shrine to pray for children. Per tradition, he was brought to his place of martyrdom in chains, thus priests of Church of St. George chain the sick especially the mentally ill to a chain for overnight or longer for healing. This is sought after by both Muslims and Christians. According to Elizabeth Anne Finn 's Home in
1387-581: Is on 23 April. In the Tridentine calendar of 1568, it was given the rank of "Semidouble". In Pope Pius XII 's 1955 calendar this rank was reduced to "Simple", and in Pope John XXIII 's 1960 calendar to a "Commemoration" . Since Pope Paul VI 's 1969 revision , it appears as an "optional memorial ". In some countries such as England, the rank is higher – it is a Solemnity (Roman Catholic) or Feast ( Church of England ): if it falls between Palm Sunday and
1460-415: Is parallel to the crucifixion of Jesus , stating, "When he died, God sent stormy winds and thunder and lightning and dark clouds, so that darkness fell between heaven and earth, and people were in great wonderment." The account adds that the darkness was lifted after his resurrection. A titular church built in Lydda during the reign of Constantine the Great (reigned 306–337) was consecrated to "a man of
1533-469: Is seen as a guardian of the Druze community and a symbol of their enduring faith and resilience. Additionally, Saint George is regarded as a protector and healer in Druze tradition. The story of Saint George slaying the dragon is interpreted allegorically, representing the triumph of good over evil and the protection of the faithful from harm. In the General Roman Calendar , the feast of George
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#17328583274371606-896: The Arch of Galerius and Rotunda , Thessaloniki India [ edit ] St. George Orthodox Church, Cheppad St. George Basilica, Angamaly St. George Orthodox Church, Puthuppally Kottoor Pally, Kolenchery St. George's Church, Chandanapally St. George's Church, Hyderabad St. George's Forane Church, Edappally , Kerala, South India Iran [ edit ] St. George Church , Salmas St. George Church , New Julfa, Isfahan St. George Church , Tehran Iraq [ edit ] St. George's Church, Ankawa Ireland [ edit ] Old Church of St George, Hill Street Dublin St. George's Church, Dublin Isle of Man [ edit ] St George's Church, Isle of Man Israel and
1679-738: The Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem or the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem ." He asked the priest at the shrine "Do you get many Muslims coming here?" The priest replied, "We get hundreds! Almost as many as the Christian pilgrims. Often, when I come in here, I find Muslims all over the floor, in the aisles, up and down." The Encyclopædia Britannica quotes G. A. Smith in his Historic Geography of
1752-718: The English Reformation . Belief in an apparition of George heartened the Franks at the Battle of Antioch in 1098, and a similar appearance occurred the following year at Jerusalem. The chivalric military Order of Sant Jordi d'Alfama was established by king Peter the Catholic from the Crown of Aragon in 1201, Republic of Genoa , Kingdom of Hungary (1326), and by Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor . Edward III of England put his Order of
1825-679: The Golden Legend , would go on to become very influential, as it remains the most familiar version in English owing to William Caxton 's 15th-century translation. In the medieval romances, the lance with which George slew the dragon was called Ascalon, after the Levantine city of Ashkelon , today in Israel. The name Ascalon was used by Winston Churchill for his personal aircraft during World War II, according to records at Bletchley Park . Iconography of
1898-432: The medieval times. The story of the defeat of the dragon is not part of Saint George's earliest hagiographies, and seems to have been a later addition. The earliest text which preserves fragments of George's narrative is in a Greek hagiography which is identified by Hippolyte Delehaye of the scholarly Bollandists to be a palimpsest of the 5th century. An earlier work by Eusebius , Church history , written in
1971-546: The 4th century, contributed to the legend but did not name George or provide significant detail. The work of the Bollandists Daniel Papebroch , Jean Bolland , and Godfrey Henschen in the 17th century was one of the first pieces of scholarly research to establish the saint's historicity, via their publications in Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca . Pope Gelasius I stated in 494 that George
2044-2820: The English-speaking Anglican congregation in Lisbon Romania [ edit ] New St. George Church , Bucharest Old St. George Church , Bucharest St. George's Church, Caransebeș North St. George Church, Focșani Armenian Church, Focșani South Cemetery Church, Focșani St. George's Church, Mangalia St. George's Church, Sfântu Gheorghe Russia [ edit ] St. George's Church, Staraya Ladoga Serbia [ edit ] Saint George's Cathedral (Novi Sad) St. George's Church, Bečej Church of St. George, Banovo Brdo Church of St. George, Lukovo St. George's Church, Oplenac Church of St. George, Sombor Church of St. George, Staro Nagoričane Singapore [ edit ] Saint George's Church, Singapore Syria [ edit ] Saint George's Monastery, Homs Turkey [ edit ] St. George's Church, Diyarbakır Church of St. George, Istanbul Ukraine [ edit ] St. George's Church, Drohobych United Kingdom [ edit ] England [ edit ] Bedfordshire [ edit ] St George's Church, Edworth Berkshire [ edit ] St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle Bristol [ edit ] St George's Church, Brandon Hill Cambridgeshire [ edit ] St George's Church, Little Thetford Cheshire [ edit ] St George's Church, Macclesfield St George's Church, Poynton Cumbria [ edit ] St George's Church, Barrow-in-Furness Church of Holy Trinity and St George, Kendal St George's Church, Kendal St George's Church, Millom Devon [ edit ] St George's Church, Morebath St George's Church, Tiverton Dorset [ edit ] St George's Church, Fordington St George's Church, Langham St George's Church, Oakdale St George's Church, Portland East Sussex [ edit ] St George's Church, Brighton St George's Church, Polegate Gloucestershire [ edit ] St George's Church, Gloucester Greater Manchester [ edit ] St George's Church, Altrincham St George's Church, Carrington St George's Church, Heaviley St George's Church, Hyde Church of St George, Chester Road, Hulme St George's Church, Stalybridge Isle of Wight [ edit ] St George's Church, Arreton Kent [ edit ] St George's Chapel, Chatham St George's Church, Gravesend , burial site of Pocahontas Lancashire [ edit ] St George's Church, Chorley Church of St George
2117-560: The Garter under the banner of George, probably in 1348. The chronicler Jean Froissart observed the English invoking George as a battle cry on several occasions during the Hundred Years' War . In his rise as a national saint, George was aided by the very fact that the saint had no legendary connection with England, and no specifically localised shrine, as that of Thomas Becket at Canterbury: "Consequently, numerous shrines were established during
2190-842: The Greeks , Famagusta Czech Republic [ edit ] St. George's Convent, Prague St. George's Basilica, Prague Egypt [ edit ] Church of St. George (Cairo) (Greek Orthodox) Church of Saint George (Sohag) , Sohag Ethiopia [ edit ] Church of Saint George, Lalibela Yelet Giorgis Church, Bulga Finland [ edit ] St. George's Church, Mariehamn [ sv ] , Mariehamn France [ edit ] Église Saint-Georges de Lyon Église Saint-Georges de Châtenois St. George's Church, Haguenau St. George's Church, Sélestat St. George's Church, Vesoul Royal Memorial Church of St George , Cannes Georgia (country) [ edit ] St. George's Church, one of
2263-464: The Holy Land , p. 164, saying: "The Mahommedans who usually identify St. George with the prophet Elijah, at Lydda confound his legend with one about Christ himself. Their name for Antichrist is Dajjal , and they have a tradition that Jesus will slay Antichrist by the gate of Lydda. The notion sprang from an ancient bas-relief of George and the Dragon on the Lydda church. But Dajjal may be derived, by
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2336-528: The Holy land (1866): St George killed the dragon in this country; and the place is shown close to Beyroot . Many churches and convents are named after him. The church at Lydda is dedicated to George; so is a convent near Bethlehem , and another small one just opposite the Jaffa gate , and others beside. The Arabs believe that George can restore mad people to their senses, and to say a person has been sent to St. George's
2409-1088: The Martyr Church and Parish Hall , Queenscliff, Victoria Austria [ edit ] St. George Church, Vienna [ de ; pl ] Belgium [ edit ] Saint George's Memorial Church, Ypres Bosnia and Herzegovina [ edit ] Church of St. George, Sopotnica Bulgaria [ edit ] Church of Saint George, Sofia Church of St George, Kyustendil Canada [ edit ] St. George's Anglican Church (Montreal) St. George's (Round) Church (Halifax, Nova Scotia) St George's Church (Ottawa) St. George's Memorial Church (Oshawa) Croatia [ edit ] Church of St. George, Bobota Church of St. George, Grubišno Polje Church of St. George, Kneževo Church of St. George, Opatovac Church of St. George, Tovarnik Church of St. George, Varaždin Cyprus [ edit ] Sourp Kevork Church, Limassol (Armenian Apostolic) Church of St. George of
2482-855: The Martyr, Holborn St George the Martyr, Southwark St George's Cathedral, London St George's Cathedral, Southwark St George's Interdenominational Chapel, Heathrow Airport Merseyside [ edit ] St George's Church, Everton St George's Church on the site of the Liverpool Castle St George's Church, Thornton Hough Norfolk [ edit ] St George's Church, Colegate, Norwich St George's Church, Tombland, Norwich St George's Church, Shimpling North Tyneside [ edit ] St George's, Cullercoats Nottinghamshire [ edit ] St George's Church, Barton in Fabis St George in
2555-514: The Martyr, Preston Lincolnshire [ edit ] St George's Church, Goltho St George's Church, Lincoln St George's Church, Stamford London [ edit ] St George's RAF Chapel, Biggin Hill St George's Church, Beckenham St George's, Bloomsbury St George's Church, Hanworth St George's, Hanover Square St George in the East St George
2628-1405: The Meadows, Nottingham Somerset [ edit ] St George's Church, Beckington St George's Church, Bicknoller Priory Church of St George, Dunster Church of St George, Easton in Gordano St George's Church, Fons George St George's Church, Hinton St George Surrey [ edit ] St George's Church, Esher West Midlands [ edit ] St George's Church, Edgbaston West Sussex [ edit ] St George's Church, Eastergate St George's Church, West Grinstead St George's Church, Worthing Wiltshire [ edit ] St George's Church, Orcheston Worcestershire [ edit ] St George's Church, Worcester Yorkshire [ edit ] Minster and Parish Church of St George , Doncaster, South Yorkshire St George's Church, Leeds , West Yorkshire St George's Church, Portobello , Sheffield St George's Roman Catholic Church, York Northern Ireland [ edit ] St George's Church, Belfast Scotland [ edit ] St Andrew's and St George's West Church , Edinburgh St George's Tron Church , Glasgow St Paul's and St George's Church , Edinburgh United States [ edit ] St. George's Catholic Church (Chicago) ,
2701-1494: The National Register of Historic Places St. George's Episcopal Church (Le Mars, Iowa) , NRHP-listed St. George's Roman Catholic Church (Louisville) , Kentucky St. George's Episcopal Church (Austin, Nevada) , NRHP-listed St. George's Anglican Church (Helmetta, New Jersey) , NHRP district contributing property St. George & St. Shenouda Coptic Orthodox Church (Jersey City, New Jersey) St. George Coptic Orthodox Church (Brooklyn) , New York St. George's Church (Queens) , New York St. George's Episcopal Church (Hempstead, New York) St. George's Episcopal Church (Manhattan) , New York Saint George Ukrainian Catholic Church , Manhattan, New York St. George's Catholic Church (Cincinnati, Ohio) , NRHP-listed St. George Coptic Orthodox Church , Norristown, Pennsylvania St. George's United Methodist Church (Philadelphia) , Pennsylvania St. George Church (Pittsburgh) , Pennsylvania St. George's Catholic Church (Bakersfield, Vermont) , NRHP-listed St. George's Church (Pungoteague, Virginia) , Accomack County, Virginia St. George's Episcopal Church (Fredericksburg, Virginia) See also [ edit ] Saint George St. George and St. Adalbert Church , Sillamäe, Estonia St. George's Anglican Church (disambiguation) St. George Orthodox Church (disambiguation) St. George's Cathedral (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
2774-2584: The Palestinian territories [ edit ] Church of Saint George and Mosque of Al-Khadr (Greek Orthodox and Sunni Muslim) St. George's Monastery, Al-Khader near Bethlehem, West Bank (Greek Orthodox) Church of Saint George, Abu Snan , Galilee (Greek Orthodox) Church of Saint George, Acre (Greek Orthodox) Church of Saint George, I'billin , Galilee (Greek Orthodox) Church of Saint George, Jaffa (Greek Orthodox) St. George's Monastery, Wadi Qelt near Jericho, West Bank (Greek Orthodox) Italy [ edit ] San Giorgio fuori le mura San Giorgio in Velabro Kazakhstan [ edit ] St George's Church, Kokshetau Lebanon [ edit ] Maronite Cathedral of Saint George, Beirut Saint George Greek Orthodox Cathedral Cathedral of Saint George, Ehden Saint George Church, Baabdat Saint George Church, Edde Church of Saint George, Faitroun , Keserwan District, Mount Lebanon Saint Georges, Saraaine El Tahta in Bekaa Valley Saint George Church, Zouk Mikael , Keserwan District, Mount Lebanon Triple Church of St. George, Tabarja Saint George, Bteghrine Lithuania [ edit ] Church of St. George, Vilnius Malta [ edit ] St George's Chapel, Birżebbuġa Parish Church of St George, Qormi St. George's Basilica, Malta Church of St George, Valletta Malaysia [ edit ] St. George's Church, Penang North Macedonia [ edit ] Church of St. George, Staro Nagoričane Norway [ edit ] St George's Church, Bergen , St. Jørgen's hospitalkirken in Bergen Palestine [ edit ] St. George's Monastery, Al-Khader , al-Khader, Bethlehem Burqin Church or St. George's Church, Burqin, Jenin St. George's Cathedral, Jerusalem St. George's Monastery in Wadi Qelt , Jericho St. George's Greek Orthodox Church, Jifna , Ramallah St. George's Greek Orthodox Church, Birzeit , Ramallah St George church ruins, Taybeh , Ramallah St. George's Greek Orthodox Church, Tulkarm Portugal [ edit ] St. George's Church, Lisbon ,
2847-506: The Saints ) also known as Legenda Aurea (the Golden Legend ). Its 177 chapters (182 in some editions) include the story of George, among many others. After the invention of the printing press, the book became a best seller. The establishment of George as a popular saint and protective giant in the West, that had captured the medieval imagination, was codified by the official elevation of his feast to
2920-649: The Second Sunday of Easter inclusive, it is transferred to the Monday after the Second Sunday of Easter. George is very much honoured by the Eastern Orthodox Church, wherein he is referred to as a "Great Martyr", and in Oriental Orthodoxy overall. His major feast day is on 23 April (Julian calendar 23 April currently corresponds to Gregorian calendar 6 May). If, however, the feast occurs before Easter , it
2993-586: The Seljuk Sultan Mesud II and Byzantine Emperor Andronicus II are also named in the inscriptions. A shrine attributed to prophet George can be found in Diyarbakır , Turkey. Evliya Çelebi states in his Seyahatname that he visited the tombs of prophet Jonah and prophet George in the city. The reverence for Saint George, who is often identified with Al-Khidr, is deeply integrated into various aspects of Druze culture and religious practices. He
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3066-551: The church. Intercession to George of Edathua is believed to be efficacious in repelling snakes and in curing mental ailments. The sacred relics of George were brought to Antioch from Mardin in 900 and were taken to Kerala, India, from Antioch in 1912 by Mar Dionysius of Vattasseril and kept in the Orthodox seminary at Kundara, Kerala. H.H. Mathews II Catholicos had given the relics to St. George churches at Puthupally, Kottayam District, and Chandanappally, Pathanamthitta district. George
3139-736: The churches in Kintsvisi Monastery Germany [ edit ] St. Georg, Aplerbeck St. George's Anglican Church, Berlin Berger Kirche , dedicated to St. George, in Brechen St. George's Church, Cologne St. George's Abbey, Isny St. George's Collegiate Church, Tübingen , the Stiftskirche Greece [ edit ] St. George's Church in the Old Fortress, Corfu St. George's Church (Rotunda), part of
3212-945: The colour of his horse. Gray horses are called green in Arabic. The mosque of Nabi Jurjis, which was restored by Timur in the 14th century, was located in Mosul and supposedly contained the tomb of George. It was however destroyed in July 2014 by the occupying Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant , who also destroyed the Mosque of the Prophet Sheeth ( Seth ) and the Mosque of the Prophet Younis ( Jonah ). The militants claimed that such mosques have become places for apostasy instead of prayer. George or Hazrat Jurjays
3285-469: The dedication of a local church. When the English Reformation severely curtailed the saints' days in the calendar, Saint George's Day was among the holidays that continued to be observed. In April 2019, the parish church of São Jorge, in São Jorge , Madeira Island , Portugal, solemnly received the relics of George, patron saint of the parish. During the celebrations the 504th anniversary of its foundation,
3358-589: The general course of the Greek legend, but Diocletian here becomes Dacian, Emperor of the Persians . His martyrdom was greatly extended to more than twenty separate tortures over the course of seven years. Over the course of his martyrdom, 40,900 pagans were converted to Christianity, including the Empress Alexandra. When George finally died, the wicked Dacian was carried away in a whirlwind of fire. In later Latin versions,
3431-542: The highest distinction", according to the church history of Eusebius ; the name of the titulus "patron" was not indicated. The Church of Saint George and Mosque of Al-Khadr located in the city is believed to have housed his remains. The veneration of George spread from Syria Palaestina through Lebanon to the rest of the Byzantine Empire – though the martyr is not mentioned in the Syriac Breviarium – and
3504-480: The historical existence of St. George", although no faith can be placed in either the details of his history or his alleged exploits. The Diocletianic Persecution of 303, associated with military saints because the persecution was aimed at Christians among the professional soldiers of the Roman army , is of undisputed historicity. According to Donald Attwater , No historical particulars of his life have survived, ... The widespread veneration for St George as
3577-443: The horseman with spear overcoming evil was widespread throughout the Christian period. George ( Arabic : جرجس , Jirjis or Girgus ) is included in some Muslim texts as a prophetic figure. The Islamic sources state that he lived among a group of believers who were in direct contact with the last apostles of Jesus . He is described as a rich merchant who opposed erection of Apollo 's statue by Mosul 's king Dadan. After confronting
3650-409: The king, George was tortured many times to no effect, was imprisoned and was aided by the angels. Eventually, he exposed that the idols were possessed by Satan, but was martyred when the city was destroyed by God in a rain of fire. Muslim scholars had tried to find a historical connection of the saint due to his popularity. According to Muslim legend, he was martyred under the rule of Diocletian and
3723-409: The late fifteenth century," Muriel C. McClendon has written, "and his did not become closely identified with a particular occupation or with the cure of a specific malady." In the wake of the Crusades, George became a model of chivalry in works of literature, including medieval romances . In the 13th century, Jacobus de Voragine , Archbishop of Genoa, compiled the Legenda Sanctorum , ( Readings of
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#17328583274373796-401: The literature in 1999, tells us that J. E. Hanauer in his 1907 book Folklore of the Holy Land: Muslim, Christian and Jewish "mentioned a shrine in the village of Beit Jala , beside Bethlehem , which at the time was frequented by Christians who regarded it as the birthplace of George and some Jews who regarded it as the burial place of the Prophet Elias . According to Hanauer, in his day
3869-520: The monastery was "a sort of madhouse. Deranged persons of all the three faiths are taken thither and chained in the court of the chapel, where they are kept for forty days on bread and water, the Eastern Orthodox priest at the head of the establishment now and then reading the Gospel over them, or administering a whipping as the case demands." In the 1920s, according to Tawfiq Canaan 's Mohammedan Saints and Sanctuaries in Palestine , nothing seemed to have changed, and all three communities were still visiting
3942-418: The persecutor is the Roman emperor Decius , or a Roman judge named Dacian serving under Diocletian. The earliest known record of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon occurs in the 11th century, in a Georgian source, reaching Catholic Europe in the 12th century. In the Golden Legend , by 13th-century Archbishop of Genoa Jacobus de Voragine , George's death was at the hands of Dacian , and about
4015-441: The region east of the Black Sea . By the 5th century, the veneration of George had reached the Christian Western Roman Empire , as well: in 494, George was canonized as a saint by Pope Gelasius I , among those "which are known better to God than to human beings." The early cult of the saint was localized in Diospolis (Lydda) , in Palestine. The first description of Lydda as a pilgrimage site where George's relics were venerated
4088-412: The region of the myth". Saint George in all likelihood was martyred before the year 290. There is little information on the early life of George. Herbert Thurston in The Catholic Encyclopedia states that, based upon an ancient cultus , narratives of the early pilgrims, and the early dedications of churches to George, going back to the fourth century, "there seems, therefore, no ground for doubting
4161-458: The regions of Catalonia and Aragon , and the city of Moscow have claimed George as their patron saint, as have several other regions, cities, universities, professions, and organizations. The Church of Saint George in Lod (Lydda), Israel , has a sarcophagus traditionally believed to contain St. George's remains. Very little is known about George's life. It is thought that he was a Roman military officer of Cappadocian Greek descent, who
4234-443: The relics were brought by the new Bishop of Funchal, D. Nuno Brás . George is renowned throughout the Middle East, as both saint and prophet. His veneration by Christians and Muslims lies in his composite personality combining several biblical, Quranic and other ancient mythical heroes. Saint George is the patron saint of Lebanese Christians , Palestinian Christians and Syrian Christians . William Dalrymple , who reviewed
4307-408: The saint in England is a church at Fordington, Dorset , that is mentioned in the will of Alfred the Great . George did not rise to the position of "patron saint" of England, however, until the 14th century, and he was still obscured by Edward the Confessor , the traditional patron saint of England, until in 1552 during the reign of Edward VI all saints' banners other than George's were abolished in
4380-439: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title St George's Church . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=St_George%27s_Church&oldid=1259556890 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
4453-441: The seventh of the month of Hatour of the Coptic calendar usually equivalent to 17 November. In India, the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church , one of the oriental catholic churches ( Eastern Catholic Churches ), and Malankara Orthodox Church venerate George. The main pilgrim centres of the saint in India are at Aruvithura and Puthuppally in Kottayam District, Edathua in Alappuzha district, and Edappally in Ernakulam district of
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#17328583274374526-480: The shrine and praying together." Dalrymple himself visited the place in 1995. "I asked around in the Christian Quarter in Jerusalem , and discovered that the place was very much alive. With all the greatest shrines in the Christian world to choose from, it seemed that when the local Arab Christians had a problem – an illness, or something more complicated – they preferred to seek the intercession of George in his grubby little shrine at Beit Jala rather than praying at
4599-422: The southern state of Kerala . The saint is commemorated each year from 27 April to 14 May at Edathua. On 27 April after the flag hoisting ceremony by the parish priest, the statue of the saint is taken from one of the altars and placed at the extension of the church to be venerated by devotees till 14 May. The main feast day is 7 May, when the statue of the saint along with other saints is taken in procession around
4672-436: The year 287. The tradition tells that a fierce dragon was causing panic at the city of Silene, Libya , at the time George arrived there. In order to prevent the dragon from devastating people from the city, they gave two sheep each day to the dragon, but when the sheep were not enough they were forced to sacrifice humans, elected by the city's own people. Eventually, the king's daughter was chosen to be sacrificed, and no one
4745-456: Was a soldier in the Roman army . Of Cappadocian Greek origin, he became a member of the Praetorian Guard for Roman emperor Diocletian , but was sentenced to death for refusing to recant his Christian faith. He became one of the most venerated saints, heroes, and megalomartyrs in Christianity, and he has been especially venerated as a military saint since the Crusades . He is respected by Christians, Druze , as well as some Muslims as
4818-399: Was among those saints "whose names are justly reverenced among men, but whose actions are known only to God." The most complete version, based upon the fifth-century Greek text but in a later form, survives in a translation into Syriac from about 600. From text fragments preserved in the British Library , a translation into English was published in 1925. In the Greek tradition, George
4891-408: Was born to noble Christian parents, in Cappadocia . After his father died, his mother, who was originally from Lydda , in Syria Palaestina (a part of the Byzantine Empire), returned with George to her hometown. He went on to become a soldier for the Roman army ; but, because of his Christian faith, he was arrested and tortured, "at or near Lydda, also called Diospolis "; on the following day, he
4964-432: Was he who in time became George of England. This identification is seen as highly improbable. Bishop George was slain by Gentile Greeks for exacting onerous taxes, especially inheritance taxes. J. B. Bury , who edited the 1906 edition of Gibbon's The Decline and Fall , wrote "this theory of Gibbon's has nothing to be said for it". He adds that "the connection of St. George with a dragon-slaying legend does not relegate him to
5037-402: Was killed three times but resurrected every time. The legend is more developed in the Persian version of al-Tabari wherein he resurrects the dead, makes trees sprout and pillars bear flowers. After one of his deaths, the world is covered by darkness which is lifted only when he is resurrected. He is able to convert the queen but she is put to death. He then prays to God to allow him to die, which
5110-427: Was martyred under Roman emperor Diocletian in one of the pre-Constantinian persecutions of the 3rd or early 4th century. Beyond this, early sources give conflicting information. Edward Gibbon argued that George, or at least the legend from which the above is distilled, is based on George of Cappadocia , a notorious 4th-century Arian bishop who was Athanasius of Alexandria 's most bitter rival, and that it
5183-409: Was paraded and then beheaded, and his body was buried in Lydda. According to other sources, after his mother's death, George travelled to the eastern imperial capital, Nicomedia , where he was persecuted by one Dadianus . In later versions of the Greek legend, this name is rationalised to Diocletian , and George's martyrdom is placed in the Diocletian persecution of AD 303. The setting in Nicomedia
5256-458: Was the patron saint of Mosul. Along with Theodosius , he was revered by both Christian and Muslim communities of Jazira and Anatolia . The wall paintings of Kırk Dam Altı Kilise at Belisırma dedicated to him are dated between 1282 and 1304. These paintings depict him as a mounted knight appearing between donors including a Georgian lady called Thamar and her husband, the Emir and Consul Basil, while
5329-424: Was willing to take her place. George saved the girl by slaying the dragon with a lance. The king was so grateful that he offered him treasures as a reward for saving his daughter's life, but George refused it and insisted he give them to the poor. The people of the city were so amazed at what they had witnessed that they all became Christians and were baptized. Saint George's encounter with a dragon , as narrated in
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