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29-542: Ruby Valley is a large basin located in south-central Elko and northern White Pine counties in the northeastern section of the state of Nevada in the western United States . From Secret Pass it runs south-southwest for approximately 60 miles (96 km) to Overland Pass. To the west is the steep escarpment of the Ruby Mountains , and to the north is the East Humboldt Range and Clover Valley . The east side of

58-483: A collection of six companies that included Noble Energy . The transaction was the first such in Nevada. According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 17,203 square miles (44,560 km ), of which 17,170 square miles (44,500 km ) is land and 33 square miles (85 km ) (0.2%) is water. Not counting Alaska's boroughs (four of which are also larger), it is the fourth-largest county in area in

87-434: A female householder with no husband present, 28.7% were non-families, and 22.5% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.77 and the average family size was 3.26. The median age was 33.4 years. The median income for a household in the county was $ 67,038 and the median income for a family was $ 75,171. Males had a median income of $ 56,528 versus $ 34,464 for females. The per capita income for

116-570: Is either eastbound or westbound, once a day. Its school district is the Elko County School District . 41°08′N 115°21′W  /  41.13°N 115.35°W  / 41.13; -115.35 List of the largest counties in the United States by area This is a list of the 100 largest counties in the United States by area . The list is based upon the total area of a county, both land and water surface, reported by

145-642: Is in the Mountain Time Zone , the county is in the Pacific Time Zone , though other communities such as Owyhee , Mountain City , Jarbidge and Jackpot unofficially observe Mountain Time as well due to their proximity to, and economic connections with, neighboring areas of Idaho. As of the census of 2000, there were 45,291 people, 15,638 households, and 11,493 families living in the county. The population density

174-647: Is limited within Elko County. Commercial air service is available only at the Elko Regional Airport in Elko; the only destination currently served is Salt Lake City International Airport . Other public airports in Elko County include Jackpot Airport , Owyhee Airport and Wells Municipal Airport . Amtrak passenger service is available from the unstaffed Elko station . Service is via the California Zephyr and

203-649: Is the second-largest county by area in Nevada, with only Nye County being larger. Elko County is part of the Elko micropolitan statistical area . It contains 49.8 percent of the Duck Valley Indian Reservation , set up in the late 19th century for the Shoshone-Paiute peoples; they are a federally recognized tribe. Although slightly more than 50% of the reservation is across the border in Owyhee County, Idaho ,

232-403: The 2020 census , the population was 53,702. Its county seat is Elko . The county was established on March 5, 1869, from Lander County . Elko County is the fourth-largest county by area in the contiguous United States, ranking lower when the boroughs of Alaska are included. It is one of only 10 counties in the U.S. with more than 10,000 square miles (25,900 km ) of area. Elko County

261-638: The American Civil War , John Warren Butterfield and Wells Fargo & Co continued transport service across the West. Around 1866, Wells Fargo began to develop agriculture in the Ruby Valley to help support its way stations. However, in the late 1860s, the first transcontinental railroad was routed well to the north, and Overland Pass fell into disuse. Fort Ruby was closed in September 1869, seven years after it

290-602: The Transcontinental Telegraph , also ran through Overland Pass. In September 1862, the U.S. Government established Fort Ruby at the east entrance to the pass to protect the passage of settlers and these important communication connections with residents of California during the war years. In 1863 it signed the Treaty of Ruby Valley with the Western Shoshone, which authorized access but did not cede any land. After

319-564: The United States Census Bureau during the 2000 Census. Alaska and Louisiana are not divided into counties. A different ranking becomes apparent when comparing county areas by land area alone as opposed to total area . Some counties, such as Keweenaw and Alger Counties in Michigan , include significant amounts of water in their total area and would not appear on a list that considered land area alone. This list also includes

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348-599: The 2018 midterm elections. In addition, many other high-profile political figures have come to Elko, including former Vice President Dick Cheney . In 2016 Donald Trump Jr. campaigned in Elko during the primary campaign. A number of highways maintained by the Nevada Department of Transportation , some national in prominence, cross Elko County. The county also maintains a network of county routes ; however, many of them are unpaved and receive limited, if any, winter maintenance. Transportation by means other than road vehicle

377-735: The United States (behind San Bernardino County, California , Coconino County, Arizona , and Nye County, Nevada ). The elevation ranges from about 4,300 feet (1,300 m) at the edge of the salt flats of the Great Salt Lake Desert , to 11,387 feet (3,471 m) on the summit of Ruby Dome in the Ruby Mountains . The most topographically prominent mountain in Elko County is Pilot Peak . The county has three physiographic sections (70% Great Basin section , 20% Payette , 10% Snake River Plain ) and 4 watersheds (45% Humboldt River, 30% Upper Snake River , 20% central Nevada desert, 5% Pilot-Thousand Springs). Except for West Wendover which

406-427: The age of 18 living with them, 59.30% were married couples living together, 8.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.50% were non-families. 20.90% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.85 and the average family size was 3.33. In the county, the population was spread out, with 32.50% under

435-469: The age of 18, 8.80% from 18 to 24, 31.50% from 25 to 44, 21.30% from 45 to 64, and 5.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 108.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 109.40 males. The median income for a household in the county was $ 48,383, and the median income for a family was $ 52,206. Males had a median income of $ 41,322 versus $ 24,653 for females. The per capita income for

464-470: The city of Elko during the 2006 mid-term election. William McKinley visited in 1901; Herbert Hoover made his final campaign broadcast as president from a railroad car in Elko in 1932; Franklin D. Roosevelt spoke in Carlin in 1938 during his whistle stop tour; and Barack Obama visited while campaigning in 2008. President Donald Trump arrived in Elko on October 20, 2018, to campaign for Senator Dean Heller during

493-471: The counties and county-equivalent areas in the United States, Alaska's boroughs and census areas would occupy the largest 11. Below is a list of these boroughs and census areas that would rank in the top 100 if included in the above list. The Unorganized Borough , in which all of the census areas are located, is not considered a county-equivalent area and is not included in this list. With an area of 323,440 sq mi (837,700 km ), it would easily top

522-504: The county was $ 18,482. About 7.00% of families and 8.90% of the population were below the poverty line , including 9.50% of those under age 18 and 7.60% of those age 65 or over. As of the 2010 United States Census , there were 48,818 people, 17,442 households, and 12,441 families living in the county. The population density was 2.8 inhabitants per square mile (1.1/km ). There were 19,566 housing units at an average density of 1.1 per square mile (0.42/km ). The racial makeup of

551-592: The county was $ 26,879. About 5.8% of families and 7.1% of the population were below the poverty line , including 8.0% of those under age 18 and 9.0% of those age 65 or over. Elko is a highly conservative area. In 2011, all eleven of the partisan county officials were Republican. In the 2004 Presidential Election , George W. Bush won 78% of the county's vote, while 20% voted for John F. Kerry . In 2008 voters in Elko County chose John McCain by 69%, with 28% voting for Barack Obama . Both former President Jimmy Carter and then-President George W. Bush made visits to

580-407: The county was 79.4% white, 5.3% Native American, 0.9% Asian, 0.8% black or African American, 0.1% Pacific islander, 10.3% from other races, and 3.2% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 22.9% of the population in terms of ancestry. Of the 17,442 households, 39.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.7% were married couples living together, 9.1% had

609-464: The four counties that would be included when water area is not included. Nine US states are smaller than San Bernardino County, California, and two states, Rhode Island and Delaware are smaller than the smallest counties on this list. Unlike most states, Alaska is divided into boroughs and census areas that serve as county-equivalents for the Census Bureau. If included with the remainder of

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638-686: The history of the Great Basin . Nomadic tribes of the Shoshone nation used Ruby Valley as a winter home, finding it warmer than nearby locations. The California Trail , active after the 1840s, was located just to the north. The Donner Party passed through the southern end of the valley in 1846, heading for the Overland Pass route across the Ruby Mountains – part of the Hastings Cutoff . Overland Pass

667-510: The majority of tribal members live on the Nevada side. The reservation's land area is 450.391 square miles (1,166.5 km ). This area was long inhabited by Native American tribes of the Plateau, particularly the Western Shoshone, Northern Paiute, and Bannock peoples. Their traditional ways were disrupted after European-American settlement, as the two cultures competed for resources and had differing conceptions of land use and property. Elko County

696-628: The valley is less well defined, but its maximum width is about 10 miles (16 km) near Franklin Lake. At its south end lies the Ruby Lake National Wildlife Refuge . SR 229 passes along the northeast edge of the valley, and Ruby Valley Road ( SR 767 and CR 788 ) runs along its western edge. Harrison Pass Road (CR 718) crosses the Ruby Mountains near the center of the valley. Much of the floor of Ruby Valley lies at elevations near 6000 feet (1820 m). The valley played an important role in

725-501: Was 3 people per square mile (1.2 people/km ). There were 18,456 housing units at an average density of 1 units per square mile (0.39/km ). The racial makeup of the county was 82.04% White , 0.59% Black or African American , 5.30% Native American , 0.68% Asian , 0.11% Pacific Islander , 8.50% from other races , and 2.78% from two or more races. 19.73% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 15,638 households, out of which 43.00% had children under

754-460: Was also the site of much activity in the 1860s. A transportation route through central Nevada had been scouted by Howard Egan in 1855, and then surveyed by Captain James H. Simpson for the U.S. Army in 1859. Simpson established a trading post at the south end of Ruby Valley, and George Chorpenning built a way station there for his mail and stagecoach line in 1860. The Pony Express and its successor,

783-513: Was built. In the late 20th century, the old Pony Express Station was moved and restored. It is now part of a display at the Northeastern Nevada Museum in Elko . Population in the valley has declined, and the lands are principally used in large ranching and farming operations to raise cattle and to grow alfalfa. Elko County, Nevada Elko County is a county in the northeastern corner of Nevada , United States. As of

812-701: Was established in 1869 from Lander County ; the name was taken from the name of the county seat, Elko . In 1877 what became known as the Duck Valley Indian Reservation was established by presidential executive order for the Western Shoshone in this area, after they signed treaties with the United States. Later the Paiute became involved in the Bannock War , but after they were allowed to return from exile in Washington State, in 1886 another executive order

841-591: Was used to expand the reservation to accommodate them. The federally recognized tribe of the two peoples together conducts farming and ranching in this high desert territory. The population of the county increased markedly in the late 20th century as the economy improved. On March 14, 2014, the Bureau of Land Management of the United States Department of the Interior sold 29 oil and gas leases for $ 1.27 million to

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