40-506: Polish international tournament The Rubinstein Memorial is an annual chess tournament held in Polanica-Zdrój , Poland in honour of the chess legend Akiba Rubinstein . Rubinstein died in 1961 and the tournament had its first edition in 1963. The tournament usually consists of several tournaments in different rating or age groups. The main tournament
80-408: A dark square. This may be remembered by the phrases "light on the right" and "queen on her own color". In formal competition, the piece colors for every matchup are allocated to players by the organizers. In informal games, colors are decided either by mutual agreement, or randomly, for example by a coin toss, or by one player concealing a white pawn in one hand and a black pawn in the other and having
120-644: A role it assumed in 1948. The current World Champion is Ding Liren of China. The reigning Women's World Champion is Ju Wenjun from China. Other competitions for individuals include the World Junior Chess Championship , the European Individual Chess Championship , the tournaments for the World Championship qualification cycle , and the various national championships . Invitation-only tournaments regularly attract
160-511: A series of games between two players, or a team competition in which each player of one team plays one game against a player of the other team. Chess's international governing body is usually known by its French acronym FIDE (pronounced FEE-day) ( French : Fédération internationale des échecs), or International Chess Federation. FIDE's membership consists of the national chess organizations of over 180 countries; there are also several associate members, including various supra-national organizations,
200-505: A simple trap known as the Scholar's mate (see animated diagram) can be recorded: Variants of algebraic notation include long algebraic , in which both the departure and destination square are indicated; abbreviated algebraic , in which capture signs, check signs, and ranks of pawn captures may be omitted; and Figurine Algebraic Notation, used in chess publications for universal readability regardless of language. Portable Game Notation (PGN)
240-476: A wide variety of styles. The Staunton pattern is the most common, and is usually required for competition. Chess pieces are divided into two sets, usually light and dark colored, referred to as white and black , regardless of the actual color or design. The players of the sets are referred to as White and Black , respectively. Each set consists of sixteen pieces: one king , one queen , two rooks , two bishops , two knights , and eight pawns . The game
280-644: Is a board game for two players. It is sometimes called international chess or Western chess to distinguish it from related games such as xiangqi (Chinese chess) and shogi (Japanese chess). Chess is an abstract strategy game that involves no hidden information and no elements of chance . It is played on a chessboard with 64 squares arranged in an 8×8 grid. The players, referred to generically as "White" and "Black" , each control sixteen pieces : one king , one queen , two rooks , two bishops , two knights , and eight pawns . White moves first, followed by Black; then moves alternate. The object of
320-1285: Is a German chess FIDE Grandmaster (GM) (1976), two-time East Germany Chess Championship winner (1977, 1979), European Team Chess Championship team bronze medal winner (1970). In 1968, Lothar Vogt won the East Germany Youth Chess Championship. In the 1970s and 1980s, he was one of the leaders in East Germany chess, winning two gold medals ( Suhl in 1977 and Frankfurt in 1979) in East Germany Chess Championships . He has appeared in many international chess tournaments, with successes including in Warsaw (1969, 1st place), Zinnowitz (1970, shared 1st-2nd place), Starý Smokovec (1972, shared 1st-2nd place and 1979, shared 1st-2nd place), Leipzig (1974, shared 1st-2nd place), Kecskemét (1977, 1st place), Nałęczów (1979, shared 1st-3rd place), Polanica-Zdrój (1982, shared 1st-2nd place in Rubinstein Memorial ) and in Valby , (1991, shared 1st-4th place). In 2002, Lothar Vogt won
360-399: Is a text-based file format for recording chess games, based on short form English algebraic notation with a small amount of markup . PGN files (suffix .pgn) can be processed by most chess software, as well as being easily readable by humans. Until about 1980, the majority of English language chess publications used descriptive notation , in which files are identified by the initial letter of
400-415: Is compulsory; a player may not skip a turn, even when having to move is detrimental . Each piece has its own way of moving. In the diagrams, crosses mark the squares to which the piece can move if there are no intervening piece(s) of either color (except the knight, which leaps over any intervening pieces). All pieces except the pawn can capture an enemy piece if it is on a square to which they could move if
440-423: Is controlled using a chess clock that has two displays, one for each player's remaining time. Analog chess clocks have been largely replaced by digital clocks, which allow for time controls with increments . Time controls are also enforced in correspondence chess competitions. A typical time control is 50 days for every 10 moves. Historically, many different notation systems have been used to record chess moves;
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#1732855732481480-399: Is not a permissible response to a check. The object of the game is to checkmate the opponent; this occurs when the opponent's king is in check, and there is no legal way to get it out of check. It is never legal for a player to make a move that puts or leaves the player's own king in check. In casual games, it is common to announce "check" when putting the opponent's king in check, but this
520-411: Is not required by the rules of chess and is usually not done in tournaments. Once per game, each king can make a move known as castling . Castling consists of moving the king two squares toward a rook of the same color on the same rank, and then placing the rook on the square that the king crossed. Castling is permissible if the following conditions are met: Castling is still permitted if
560-422: Is played on a square board of eight rows (called ranks ) and eight columns (called files ). Although it does not affect game play, by convention the 64 squares alternate in color and are referred to as light and dark squares. Common colors for wooden chessboards are light and dark brown, while vinyl chessboards are commonly buff and green. To start the game, White's pieces are placed on
600-484: Is recognized in FIDE-sanctioned events; game scores recorded in a different notation system may not be used as evidence in the event of a dispute. Chess is often played casually in public spaces such as parks and town squares. Contemporary chess is an organized sport with structured international and national leagues, tournaments, and congresses . Thousands of chess tournaments, matches, and festivals are held around
640-436: Is the current World Champion. A huge body of chess theory has developed since the game's inception. Aspects of art are found in chess composition , and chess in its turn influenced Western culture and the arts , and has connections with other fields such as mathematics , computer science , and psychology . One of the goals of early computer scientists was to create a chess-playing machine . In 1997, Deep Blue became
680-9866: Is usually a closed round-robin tournament , while the other tournaments are open Swiss system tournaments . Winners [ edit ] # Year Winner #RR 1 1963 [REDACTED] Nikola Padevsky ( Bulgaria ) 16 2 1964 [REDACTED] Andrzej Filipowicz ( Poland ) [REDACTED] Bruno Parma ( Yugoslavia ) 16 3 1965 [REDACTED] Evgeni Vasiukov ( USSR ) [REDACTED] Péter Dely ( Hungary ) 14 4 1966 [REDACTED] Vasily Smyslov ( USSR ) 15 5 1967 [REDACTED] Semyon Furman ( USSR ) 16 6 1968 [REDACTED] Vasily Smyslov ( USSR ) 16 7 1969 [REDACTED] Laszlo Barczay ( Hungary ) 16 8 1970 [REDACTED] Jan Smejkal ( Czechoslovakia ) 16 9 1971 [REDACTED] Helmut Pfleger ( Germany ) 16 10 1972 [REDACTED] Jan Smejkal ( Czechoslovakia ) 16 11 1973 [REDACTED] Włodzimierz Schmidt ( Poland ) 14 12 1974 [REDACTED] Vladimir Karasev ( USSR ) 16 13 1975 [REDACTED] Yuri Averbakh ( USSR ) 16 14 1976 [REDACTED] Gennadi Timoshchenko ( USSR ) 15 15 1977 [REDACTED] Vlastimil Hort ( Czechoslovakia ) 18 16 1978 [REDACTED] Mark Tseitlin ( USSR ) 15 17 1979 [REDACTED] Yuri Razuvayev ( USSR ) 16 18 1980 [REDACTED] Oleg Romanishin ( USSR ) 14 19 1981 [REDACTED] Włodzimierz Schmidt ( Poland ) 14 20 1982 [REDACTED] Lothar Vogt ( East Germany ) 15 21 1983 [REDACTED] Viacheslav Dydyshko ( USSR ) 15 22 1984 [REDACTED] Gennadi Zaichik ( USSR ) 16 23 1985 [REDACTED] Konstantin Lerner ( USSR ) 16 24 1986 [REDACTED] Péter Lukács ( Hungary ) 13 25 1987 [REDACTED] Uwe Bönsch ( East Germany ) 13 26 1988 [REDACTED] Alexander Chernin ( USSR ) 15 27 1989 [REDACTED] Igor Novikov ( USSR ) 16 28 1991 [REDACTED] Joël Lautier ( France ) 12 29 1992 [REDACTED] Oleg Romanishin ( Ukraine ) 12 30 1993 [REDACTED] Gennadi Sosonko ( Netherlands ) 12 31 1994 [REDACTED] Evgeny Mochalov ( Belarus ) Open 32 1995 [REDACTED] Veselin Topalov ( Bulgaria ) 12 33 1996 [REDACTED] Alexander Beliavsky ( Slovenia ) 12 34 1997 [REDACTED] Sergei Rublevsky ( Russia ) 10 35 1998 [REDACTED] Boris Gelfand ( Belarus ) 10 36 1999 [REDACTED] Loek van Wely ( Netherlands ) 10 37 2000 [REDACTED] Boris Gelfand ( Israel ) 10 38 2001 [REDACTED] Vladimir Baklan ( Ukraine ) Open 39 2002 [REDACTED] Alexander Zubarev ( Ukraine ) Open 40 2003 [REDACTED] David Navara ( Czech Republic ) Open 41 2005 [REDACTED] Paweł Czarnota ( Poland ) Open 42 2006 [REDACTED] Robert Kempiński ( Poland ) 10 43 2007 [REDACTED] Bartosz Soćko ( Poland ) 10 44 2008 [REDACTED] Alexander Moiseenko ( Ukraine ) 10 45 2009 [REDACTED] Wojciech Moranda ( Poland ) Open 46 2010 [REDACTED] Kacper Piorun ( Poland ) Open 47 2011 [REDACTED] Aleksander Hnydiuk ( Poland ) 10 49 2013 [REDACTED] Wojciech Moranda ( Poland ) 10 50 2014 [REDACTED] Vadim Shishkin ( Ukraine ) 10 51 2015 [REDACTED] Tomasz Warakomski ( Poland ) 10 52 2016 [REDACTED] Marcin Szeląg ( Poland ) Open 53 2017 [REDACTED] Tomasz Warakomski ( Poland ) Open 54 2018 [REDACTED] Artur Frolov ( Ukraine ) Open 55 2019 [REDACTED] Tomasz Warakomski ( Poland ) Open 56 2020 [REDACTED] Sergei Ovsejevitsch ( Ukraine ) Open 57 2021 [REDACTED] Kirill Shevchenko ( Ukraine ) [REDACTED] David Navara ( Czech Republic ) 10 58 2022 [REDACTED] Alexander Donchenko ( Germany ) [REDACTED] Dimitrios Mastrovasilis ( Greece ) 10 59 2023 [REDACTED] Grzegorz Nasuta ( Poland ) 10 60 2024 [REDACTED] Vincent Keymer ( Germany ) 10 External links [ edit ] Rubinstein Memorial, homepage Complete results, games and crosstables 1963-2001 Memoriał Akiby Rubinsteina - Szachy w Polsce v t e Major recurring international chess tournaments Strong chess tournaments Mini chess tournaments Round-robin chess tournaments Major present (average rating > 2700; round-robin system generally) Dortmund Sparkassen Chess Meeting (since 1973) Grand Chess Tour (since 2015) Grenke Chess Classic (since 2013) London Chess Classic (since 2009) Norway Chess (since 2013) Shamkir Chess (since 2014) Shenzhen Masters (since 2017) Sinquefield Cup (since 2013) Tata Steel Chess Tournament (since 1938) Other present ( Swiss system generally) Aeroflot Open (since 2002) Australasian Masters (since 1987) Biel Chess Festival (since 1968) Canadian Open (since 1956) Capablanca Memorial (since 1962) Cappelle-la-Grande Open (since 1985) Carlos Torre Repetto Memorial (since 1987) Chigorin Memorial (since 1909) Doeberl Cup (since 1963) Dubai Open (since 1999) Gibraltar Chess Festival (since 2003) Hastings International Chess Congress (since 1920) Hogeschool Zeeland Tournament (since 1995) Lublin Grandmaster Tournament (since 2009) Paul Keres Memorials (Tallinn, since 1969) (Vancouver, since 1975) Prague Chess Festival (since 2019) Qatar Masters Open (2014–2015, since 2023) Reykjavik Open (since 1964) Riga Technical University Open (since 2011) Rilton Cup (since 1971) Rubinstein Memorial (since 1963) South African Open (since 1962) U.S. Open (since 1900) TePe Sigeman & Co chess tournament (since 1993) Vidmar Memorial (since 1969) World Open (since 1973) Xtracon Chess Open (since 1979) Zurich Christmas Open (since 1977) Recently cancelled (after 2000) Alekhine Memorial (1956–2013, irregular) Acropolis (1968–2009) Aerosvit (2006–2008) Amber (1992–2011) Bilbao Chess Masters Final (2008–2016) Howard Staunton Memorial (2003–2009) Linares (1978–2010) Mar del Plata (1928–2001) Millionaire Chess (2014–2016) M-Tel Masters (2005–2009) North Sea Cup (1976–2008) Pearl Spring (2008–2010) Reggio Emilia (1947–2012) Tal Memorial (2006–2018) Zurich Chess Challenge (2012–2017) Major past (19th–20th century) American Chess Congress (1857–1923) Carl Schlechter Memorial (1923–1996) DSB Congress (1879–1932) General Government (1940–1944) IBM international (1961–1981) Konex (1977–1994) Leopold Trebitsch Memorial (1907–1938) Lone Pine International (1971–1981) Max Euwe Memorial (1987–1996) Monte Carlo (1901–1904; 1967–1969) Netanya (1961–1983) Palma de Mallorca (1965–1972) Phillips & Drew Kings (1980–1986) Piatigorsky Cup (1963–1966) San Sebastián (1911–1912) Silesian Chess Congress (1922–1939) Tilburg (1977–1998) Triberg (1914–1917) [REDACTED] Chess competitions National championships Supranational championships Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rubinstein_Memorial&oldid=1242437045 " Categories : Chess memorial tournaments Chess in Poland 1963 in chess Recurring sporting events established in 1963 Kłodzko County 1963 establishments in Poland Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description matches Wikidata Chess Chess
720-526: Is usually calculated as 1 point for each game won and one-half point for each game drawn. Variations such as "football scoring" (3 points for a win, 1 point for a draw) may be used by tournament organizers, but ratings are always calculated on the basis of standard scoring. A player's score may be reported as total score out of games played (e.g. 5½/8), points for versus points against (e.g. 5½–2½), or by number of wins, losses and draws (e.g. +4−1=3). The term "match" refers not to an individual game, but to either
760-817: The International Braille Chess Association (IBCA), International Committee of Chess for the Deaf (ICCD), and the International Physically Disabled Chess Association (IPCA). FIDE is recognized as a sports governing body by the International Olympic Committee , but chess has never been part of the Olympic Games . FIDE's most visible activity is organizing the World Chess Championship ,
800-827: The Open tournament in Leukerbad , while in 2006, he ranked 1st before Andrei Sokolov in Lenk . Lothar Vogt played for East Germany in the Chess Olympiads : Lothar Vogt played for East Germany in the European Team Chess Championship : In 1973, he was awarded the FIDE International Master (IM) title and received the FIDE Grandmaster (GM) title three years later. This biographical article relating to
840-572: The end of the 15th century, with standardization and universal acceptance by the end of the 19th century. Today, chess is one of the world's most popular games, with millions of players worldwide. Organized chess arose in the 19th century. Chess competition today is governed internationally by FIDE ( Fédération Internationale des Échecs ; the International Chess Federation). The first universally recognized World Chess Champion , Wilhelm Steinitz , claimed his title in 1886; Ding Liren
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#1732855732481880-404: The end of the game, " 1–0 " means White won, " 0–1 " means Black won, and " ½–½ " indicates a draw. Chess moves can be annotated with punctuation marks and other symbols . For example: " ! " indicates a good move; " !! " an excellent move; " ? " a mistake; " ?? " a blunder; " !? " an interesting move that may not be best; or " ?! " a dubious move not easily refuted. For example, one variation of
920-448: The enemy pawn's two-square advance; otherwise, the right to do so is forfeited. For example, in the animated diagram, the black pawn advances two squares from g7 to g5, and the white pawn on f5 can take it en passant on g6 (but only immediately after the black pawn's advance). When a pawn advances to its eighth rank , as part of the move, it is promoted and must be exchanged for the player's choice of queen, rook, bishop, or knight of
960-664: The first computer to beat a reigning World Champion in a match when it defeated Garry Kasparov . Today's chess engines are significantly stronger than the best human players and have deeply influenced the development of chess theory; however, chess is not a solved game . The rules of chess are published by FIDE (Fédération Internationale des Échecs; "International Chess Federation"), chess's world governing body, in its Handbook . Rules published by national governing bodies , or by unaffiliated chess organizations, commercial publishers, etc., may differ in some details. FIDE's rules were most recently revised in 2023. Chess sets come in
1000-423: The first rank in the following order, from left to right: rook, knight, bishop, queen, king, bishop, knight, rook. Pawns are placed on each square of the second rank. Black's position mirrors White's, with equivalent pieces on every file. The board is oriented so that the right-hand corner nearest each player is a light square; as a result the white queen always starts on a light square, while the black queen starts on
1040-407: The first rank moves to e2"). For pawns, no letter initial is used; so e4 means "pawn moves to the square e4". If the piece makes a capture, "x" is usually inserted before the destination square. Thus Bxf3 means "bishop captures on f3". When a pawn makes a capture, the file from which the pawn departed is used to identify the pawn making the capture, for example, exd5 (pawn on the e-file captures
1080-436: The g-file, 5th rank" (that is, to the square g5). Different initials may be used for other languages. In chess literature, figurine algebraic notation (FAN) is frequently used to aid understanding independent of language. To resolve ambiguities, an additional letter or number is added to indicate the file or rank from which the piece moved (e.g. Ngf3 means "knight from the g-file moves to the square f3"; R1e2 means "rook on
1120-555: The game is to checkmate (threaten with inescapable capture) the enemy king. There are also several ways a game can end in a draw . The recorded history of chess goes back at least to the emergence of a similar game, chaturanga , in seventh-century India . After its introduction in Persia , it spread to the Arab world and then to Europe. The rules of chess as they are known today emerged in Europe at
1160-414: The opponent choose. White moves first, after which players alternate turns, moving one piece per turn (except for castling , when two pieces are moved). A piece is moved to either an unoccupied square or one occupied by an opponent's piece, which is captured and removed from play. With the sole exception of en passant , all pieces capture by moving to the square that the opponent's piece occupies. Moving
1200-442: The opponent has enough pieces left to deliver checkmate). The duration of a game ranges from long (or "classical") games, which can take up to seven hours (even longer if adjournments are permitted), to bullet chess (under 3 minutes per player for the entire game). Intermediate between these are rapid chess games, lasting between one and two hours per game, a popular time control in amateur weekend tournaments. Time
1240-427: The piece chosen is indicated after the move (for example, e1=Q or e1Q ). Castling is indicated by the special notations 0-0 (or O-O ) for kingside castling and 0-0-0 (or O-O-O ) for queenside castling. A move that places the opponent's king in check usually has the notation " + " added. There are no specific notations for discovered check or double check . Checkmate can be indicated by " # ". At
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1280-443: The piece on d5). Ranks may be omitted if unambiguous, for example, exd (pawn on the e-file captures a piece somewhere on the d-file). A minority of publications use " : " to indicate a capture, and some omit the capture symbol altogether. In its most abbreviated form, exd5 may be rendered simply as ed . An en passant capture may optionally be marked with the notation " e.p. " If a pawn moves to its last rank, achieving promotion,
1320-538: The piece that occupies the first rank at the beginning of the game. In descriptive notation, the common opening move 1.e4 is rendered as "1.P-K4" ("pawn to king four"). Another system is ICCF numeric notation , recognized by the International Correspondence Chess Federation though its use is in decline. In tournament games, players are normally required to keep a score (record of the game). For this purpose, only algebraic notation
1360-429: The required piece is not available (e.g. a second queen) an inverted rook is sometimes used as a substitute, but this is not recognized in FIDE-sanctioned games. A game can be won in the following ways: There are several ways a game can end in a draw : In competition, chess games are played with a time control . If a player's time runs out before the game is completed, the game is automatically lost (provided
1400-402: The rook is under attack, or if the rook crosses an attacked square. When a pawn makes a two-step advance from its starting position and there is an opponent's pawn on a square next to the destination square on an adjacent file, then the opponent's pawn can capture it en passant ("in passing"), moving to the square the pawn passed over. This can be done only on the turn immediately following
1440-407: The same color. Usually, the pawn is chosen to be promoted to a queen, but in some cases, another piece is chosen; this is called underpromotion . In the animated diagram , the pawn on c7 can be advanced to the eighth rank and be promoted. There is no restriction on the piece promoted to, so it is possible to have more pieces of the same type than at the start of the game (e.g., two or more queens). If
1480-415: The square were unoccupied. Pieces are generally not permitted to move through squares occupied by pieces of either color, except for the knight and during castling. When a king is under immediate attack, it is said to be in check . A move in response to a check is legal only if it results in a position where the king is no longer in check. There are three ways to counter a check: Castling
1520-452: The standard system today is short-form algebraic notation . In this system, each square is uniquely identified by a set of coordinates, a – h for the files followed by 1 – 8 for the ranks. The usual format is The pieces are identified by their initials. In English, these are K (king), Q (queen), R (rook), B (bishop), and N (knight; N is used to avoid confusion with king). For example, Qg5 means "queen moves to
1560-459: The world every year catering to players of all levels. Tournaments with a small number of players may use the round-robin format, in which every player plays one game against every other player. For a large number of players, the Swiss system may be used, in which each player is paired against an opponent who has the same (or as similar as possible) score in each round. In either case, a player's score
1600-662: The world's strongest players. Examples include Spain's Linares event, Monte Carlo's Melody Amber tournament, the Dortmund Sparkassen meeting, Sofia's M-tel Masters , and Wijk aan Zee's Tata Steel tournament. Regular team chess events include the Chess Olympiad and the European Team Chess Championship . The World Chess Solving Championship and World Correspondence Chess Championships include both team and individual events; these are held independently of FIDE. Lothar Vogt Lothar Vogt (born 17 January 1952)
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