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82-486: The Rock City Crew battled against breakdancing crews from across the country including crews with then to be legends such as drum and bass producer Goldie (West Side Crew and Bboys) and Take That member Jason Orange (Street Machine and Broken Glass Street Crew). The 1983 crew members were: Members of the Rock City Crew were reunited during the making of the documentary film NG83 - When We Were B Boys which charts

164-436: A Celebrity Come Dine with Me Christmas special . On 26 March 2011, he appeared in a three-part reality television series, Goldie's Band: By Royal Appointment in which he led a group of music experts as they conducted a nationwide search for young talented musicians and then selected and coached 12 of them, who collaborated to create some musical pieces for a performance at Buckingham Palace . In 2014, he appeared on

246-408: A "rising zoomer affinity" for the genre in the 2020s. Purple Sneakers described a "drum n' bass Renaissance" occurring at the time of the publication of their articles in 2023. Drum and bass incorporates a number of scenes and styles, from the highly electronic, industrial sounds of techstep to the use of conventional, acoustic instrumentation that characterise the more jazz-influenced end of

328-641: A 22-minute hardcore symphony." In 1996, he released the Toasted Both Sides Please remix of the Bush song " Swallowed ", which topped charts in the US and Canada. Price released his second album, Saturnz Return , in 1998. The album's opening track, "Mother", is an hour-long orchestral drum and bass piece. The album featured appearances by David Bowie , Noel Gallagher and KRS-One . The album met with mixed reviews. David Brown of Entertainment Weekly called

410-659: A Canadian. The couple appeared in the 20 June 2009 episode of ITV's All Star Mr & Mrs with Phillip Schofield and Fern Britton . Mika and Price married in 2010. On 29 April 2010, Price opened the William Tyndale Primary School Sports Pitch in Islington , London. In July 2010, Price received an honorary doctorate in Social Sciences from Brunel University , Uxbridge. On 3 September 2010, he received an honorary degree of Doctor of Design from

492-502: A T-shirt and write Banksy on it and we're sorted. We can sell it now... No disrespect to Rob, I think he is a brilliant artist. I think he has flipped the world of art over." Studio albums Drum and bass Drum and bass (commonly abbreviated as DnB , D&B , or D'n'B ) is a genre of electronic dance music characterised by fast breakbeats (typically 165–185 beats per minute ) with heavy bass and sub-bass lines, samples , and synthesizers . The genre grew out of

574-509: A big interface between graffiti and the break." In 2002, Goldie's autobiography 'Nine Lives' was published by Hodder & Stoughton . Written with London-based writer Paul Gorman , the book traced his life story from childhood in care and foster homes through to the first flush of his success as a groundbreaking musical artist. A second autobiography 'All Things Remembered' was published in November 2017 by Faber & Faber. Written when Goldie

656-491: A club music genre from Detroit, contains synth and basslines similar to drum and bass. Drum and bass is dominated by a small group of record labels. These are mainly run by DJ-producers, such as London Elektricity 's Hospital Records , Andy C and Scott Bourne's RAM , Goldie 's Metalheadz , Fabio and Sarah Sandy's Creative Source Records, DJ Dextrous 's King of the Jungle Records, Subversive Recordings and State of

738-637: A computer, a variety of tracks for personal listening. Additionally, there are many albums containing unmixed tracks, suited for home or car listening. Although this practice has declined in popularity, DJs are often accompanied by one or more MCs , drawing on the genre's roots in hip hop and reggae / ragga . MCs do not generally receive the same level of recognition as producer/DJs, and some events are specifically marketed as being MC-free. There are relatively few well-known drum and bass MCs, mainly based in London and Bristol, including Stevie Hyper D (deceased),

820-536: A concert orchestra. Price was placed second, behind Sue Perkins . On 31 July 2009, the first of a two-part television programme Classic Goldie was broadcast, showing how in the wake of his success in the Maestro programme he learns to write a score for a large orchestra and choir. The resulting composition, commissioned by the BBC and entitled Sine Tempore ( Timeless ), was performed at two children's Promenade concerts in

902-439: A drum and bass-influenced breakbeat track. Many mixing points begin or end with a " drop ". The drop is the point in a track where a switch of rhythm or bassline occurs and usually follows a recognisable build section and breakdown . Sometimes, the drop is used to switch between tracks, layering components of different tracks, as the two records may be simply ambient breakdowns at this point. Some DJs prefer to combine breakbeats,

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984-505: A drum solo that has since become known as the " Amen break ", which, after being extensively used in early hip hop music, went on to become the basis for the rhythms used in drum and bass. Kevin Saunderson released a series of bass-heavy, minimal techno cuts as Reese/The Reese Project in the late '80s, which were hugely influential in drum and bass. One of his more famous basslines (Reese – "Just Want Another Chance", Incognito Records, 1988)

1066-412: A hard-hitting emotional impact, with the drums complementing the bass to deliver a pulsating, powerful experience. Consequently, drum and bass parties are often advertised as featuring uncommonly loud and bass-heavy sound systems. There are however many albums specifically designed for personal listening. The DJ mix is a particularly popular form of release, with a popular DJ or producer mixing live, or on

1148-400: A high-tempo 4/4 dance track could be classified as techno or gabber . The complex syncopation of the drum tracks' breakbeat is another facet of production on which producers can spend a very large amount of time. The Amen break is generally acknowledged to have been the most-used (and often considered the most powerful) break in drum and bass. The genre places great importance on

1230-456: A liquidator. This left many labels short on sales, as Nu Urban were one of the main distributors for the vinyl market in the drum and bass scene. Despite its roots in the UK, which is still treated as the "home" of drum and bass, the style has firmly established itself around the world. There are strong scenes in other English-speaking countries including Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, and

1312-525: A long-standing drum and bass show on Radio 1. Radio 1 also had the One in the Jungle show. The BBC's Black music station BBC Radio 1Xtra used to feature the genre heavily, with DJ Bailey (show axed as of 29 August 2012) and Crissy Criss (show axed as of August 2014) as its advocates. The network also organises a week-long tour of the UK each year called Xtra Bass . London pirate radio stations have been instrumental in

1394-462: A more difficult exercise. Some drops are so popular that the DJ will "rewind" or "reload" or "lift up" the record by spinning it back and restarting it at the build. The drop is often a key point from the point of view of the dance floor, since the drum breaks often fade out to leave an ambient intro playing. When the beats re-commence they are often more complex and accompanied by a heavier bassline, encouraging

1476-531: A musical innovator—and particularly as one of the key driving forces of innovation in the jungle/breakbeat scene—were exceptional. "Goldie revolutionised jungle not once but thrice", he noted in The Wire magazine, continuing, "First there was 'Terminator' (pioneering the use of time stretching), then 'Angel' (fusing Diane Charlemagne 's live vocal with David Byrne / Brian Eno samples to prove that hardcore could be more 'conventionally' musical), now there's 'Timeless',

1558-523: A number of celebrity reality television shows, including Celebrity Big Brother 2 (UK), Strictly Come Dancing , Come Dine with Me and Maestro . Born in Walsall , England, but raised in Wolverhampton , Price is of Jamaican and Scottish heritage. He was put up for adoption at the age of three, and raised in childcare homes and by several foster parents . According to his 2002 autobiography, he

1640-542: A retrospective exhibition titled "Kids Are All Riot" took place in Shoreditch , London, coinciding with the release of his screenprint "Apocalypse Angel". Around 2008, Price's art work was displayed on the London Underground by the arts company Art Below . In 2021, he modeled for Louis Vuitton Menswear Spring / Summer collection and contributed a song. The innovative nature of Goldie's art (both sonic and visual)

1722-870: A triple gold vinyl version and a compact disc version. The release brought the number of versions of the iconic drum'n'bass album (including reissues and global pressings) to 44. Price has appeared in Guy Ritchie 's Snatch and several other films, most notably the James Bond film, The World Is Not Enough . He also played gangster Angel Hudson in the British soap opera EastEnders (2001–2002). Price starred in Everybody Loves Sunshine (1999) (aka B.U.S.T.E.D. – United States title) with David Bowie . Price appeared on BBC1 's Daytime Live in October 1987 to discuss

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1804-471: A variety of singles under the pseudonym Rufige Kru and co-founded the label Metalheadz . He later released several albums under his own name, including the 1995 album Timeless , which entered the UK charts at number 7. Goldie's acting credits include the 1999 James Bond film The World Is Not Enough , Guy Ritchie 's Snatch (2000) and the BBC soap opera EastEnders (2001–2002). He has also appeared in

1886-628: A very important influence on drum and bass). Darkcore , a direct influence on drum and bass, was combined with influences of drum and bass itself leading to the creation of darkstep . There is considerable crossover from the extreme edges of drum and bass, breakcore, darkcore, digital hardcore and raggacore with fluid boundaries. Intelligent dance music (IDM) is a form of art music based on DnB and other electronic dance musics, exploring their boundaries using ideas from science, technology, contemporary classical music and progressive rock, often creating un-danceable, art gallery style music. Ghettotech ,

1968-426: A video call Price later admitted to assault by beating. On 30 May Bristol Magistrates' Court ordered Goldie to pay almost £2,500 as a fine. In 2017, Price appeared to reveal the first name of pseudonymous graffiti artist Banksy as "Rob" on Scroobius Pip 's weekly Distraction Pieces Podcast (Episode #156). When discussing the rise of commercialism in street art, Price said, "Give me a bubble letter and put it on

2050-590: A wave of new artists (Carlito & Addiction, Solid State/ DJ Dextrous , Subject 13 and Fellowship being amongst the early pioneers to champion the sound) incorporating new ideas and techniques, supporting continual evolution of the genre. As of 2014, drum and bass makes frequent appearances in mainstream media and popular culture including in television , as well as being a major reference point for subsequent genres such as grime and dubstep , and producing successful artists including Chase & Status , Netsky , Metrik , and Pendulum . In 2021, Pitchfork noted

2132-415: Is a singer songwriter and dance music producer. Goldie Clifford Joseph Price MBE (born 19 September 1965), better known as Goldie , is an English music producer, DJ , and actor. Initially gaining exposure for his work as a graffiti artist, Goldie became well known for his pioneering role as a musician in the 1990s UK jungle , drum and bass and breakbeat hardcore scenes. He released

2214-471: Is dominated by a relatively small group of record labels. Major international music labels had shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene until BMG Rights Management acquired RAM in February 2016. Since then, the genre has seen a significant growth in exposure. Whilst the origin of drum and bass music is in the UK, the genre has evolved considerably with many other prominent fanbases located all over

2296-535: Is electric, acoustic or a double bass , are less common. Atmospheric pads and samples may be added over the fundamental drum and bass to provide different feels. These have included "light" elements such as ambient pads as found in ambient electronica and samples of jazz and world musics, or "dark" elements such as dissonant pads and sci-fi samples to induce anxiety in the dancer. Old-school DnB usually included an MC providing vocals. Some styles (such as jazz-influenced DnB) also include melodic instruments soloing over

2378-625: Is known for his work as the leader of Rufige Kru. The group has no fixed members and has included drum and bass producers such as Technical Itch, Heist, Cujo, Agzilla Da Ice, Danny J, Doc Scott and Rob Playford . March 2013 saw the release of The Alchemist: The Best of Goldie 1992–2012 , featuring prominent tracks from throughout Price's musical career. A subsequent compilation, the three-CD Masterpiece set released by Ministry of Sound in 2014, brought together tracks that influenced him ( Soul II Soul 's "Back To Life", Roy Ayers ' "Everybody Loves The Sunshine") with cuts that soundtracked his entry into

2460-655: Is mentioned for his graffiti in the book Spraycan Art by Henry Chalfant and James Prigoff , which contains several examples of his art. He moved to the United States owing to graffiti projects, and also started selling grills (gold teeth jewellery) in New York and Miami; he continued this business after his return to the UK in 1988. His nickname stems from "Goldielocks", an earlier nickname given to him during his Bboys days and subsequently shortened when he no longer wore dreadlocks . By 1991, Price had become fascinated by

2542-474: Is the "Tramen", which combines the Amen break , a James Brown funk breakbeat (" Tighten Up " or "Samurai" break) and an Alex Reece drum and bass breakbeat. The relatively fast drum beat forms a canvas on which a producer can create tracks to appeal to almost any taste and often will form only a background to the other elements of the music. Syncopated breakbeats remain the most distinctive element as without these

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2624-583: The Atari ST to create their tracks. Of equal importance is the TR-808 kick drum, an artificially down-pitched or elongated bass drum sound sampled from Roland 's classic TR-808 drum machine, and a sound which has been subject to an enormous amount of experimentation over the years. Many drum and bass tracks have featured more than one sampled breakbeat in them and a technique of switching between two breaks after each bar developed. A more recent commonly used break

2706-492: The Bboys from Wolverhampton. In 1995, he appeared on Passengers , and in a Channel 4 documentary about himself in 1998. His next TV appearance was hosting Crime Business on the digital TV channels Bravo and Ftn . He presented the documentary series The World's Deadliest Gangs on Bravo in 2002. Price appeared on the second series of Celebrity Big Brother in 2002. He was the first celebrity to be "evicted". In 2006, he

2788-573: The Ragga Twins , Dynamite MC , MC Skibadee (deceased) and MC Tali . Many musicians have adapted drum and bass to live performances, which feature instruments such as drums (acoustic or electronic), samplers , synthesizers , turntables , bass (either upright or electric) and guitars (acoustic or electric). Samplers have also been used live by assigning samples to a specific drum pad or key on drum pads or synthesizers. MCs are frequently featured in live performances. Smaller scenes within

2870-573: The Royal Albert Hall on 1 and 2 August 2009, which featured music connected with Charles Darwin and the creation and evolution of the world. He appeared on Celebrity Mastermind on 27 December 2009 and came fourth behind Paul O'Grady , Gail Emms and Loyd Grossman . On 11 September 2010, he was announced as part of the line-up in Strictly Come Dancing , staying in the competition for two weeks. On 22 December 2010, he appeared in

2952-585: The UK Albums Chart at number seven. The album fused the breakbeats and basslines common in jungle with orchestral textures and soul vocals by Diane Charlemagne . The album's title track was a 21-minute symphonic piece. " Inner City Life ", a track from the album, reached number 39 in the UK Singles Chart . Timeless helped to popularise drum and bass as a form of musical expression . The music critic Simon Reynolds noted that Price's credentials as

3034-569: The University of Wolverhampton . On 7 September 2010, Price's 23-year-old son Jamie Price was sentenced to life imprisonment , with a minimum sentence of 21 years, for murder. He was convicted of stabbing a rival gang member to death in Wolverhampton town centre on 24 August 2008. As of 2017, Price and his wife were living in Thailand, having moved there in 2015. Price was appointed a Member of

3116-421: The bassline , in this case a deep sub-bass musical pattern which can be felt physically through powerful sound systems due to the low-range frequencies favoured. There has been considerable exploration of different timbres in the bass line region, particularly within techstep . The bass lines most notably originate from sampled sources or synthesizers . Bass lines performed with a bass instrument, whether it

3198-411: The electronic dance music scene perhaps lessened following the shifts from jungle to drum and bass, and through to so-called "intelligent drum and bass" and techstep. It still remains a fusion music style. Some tracks are illegally remixed and released on white label (technically bootleg), often to acclaim. For example, DJ Zinc 's remix of Fugees ' " Ready or Not ", also known as "Fugee Or Not",

3280-642: The telethon BBC Children in Need . In 2007, Price returned to the art world with an art exhibition, "Love Over Gold", which was held at the Leonard Street Gallery, London. In 2008, he teamed up with Pete Tong to provide much of the artwork for Tong's new Wonderland club night at Eden nightclub in San Antonio , Ibiza . There was an exhibition of Price's art in Berlin from 13 to 26 June 2008. In April 2009,

3362-415: The 170–180 range. Recently, some producers have started to once again produce tracks with slower tempos (that is, in the 150-170 bpm range), but the mid-170s tempo is still a hallmark of the drum and bass sound. A track combining the same elements (broken beat, bass, production techniques) as a drum and bass track, but with a slower tempo (say 140 BPM), might not be drum and bass, but instead may qualify as

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3444-487: The Art Recordings, Kasra's Critical Music , DJ Friction 's Shogun Audio, DJ Fresh 's Breakbeat Kaos , Ed Rush & Optical 's Virus Recordings, Futurebound 's Viper Recordings and DJ Hype , Pascal, NoCopyrightSounds and formerly DJ Zinc 's True Playaz (known as Real Playaz as of 2006). Prior to 2016, the major international music labels such as Sony Music and Universal had shown very little interest in

3526-429: The British breakbeat music scene when his girlfriend, DJ Kemistry , introduced him to the pioneering jungle and drum and bass producers Dennis "Dego" McFarlane and Mark "Marc Mac" Clair, known as 4hero . He went on to execute some design and A&R work for 4hero's Reinforced Records label. In 1992, Price made his first record appearance by contributing to an EP by Icelandic group Ajax Project that included

3608-546: The Night with ... ' episode 052, where he met artist Skream . The episode not only shows an adventurous encounter between two hard-drinking stars of the club scene, but also a close-up look at the operation of one of Europe's most important electro festivals, the Melt Festival . During August and September 2008, the BBC broadcast Maestro , a reality television show in which eight celebrities, including Price, learned to conduct

3690-615: The Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2016 New Year Honours awards, for services to music and young people. Price was accused of assaulting a security guard at the 2017 Glastonbury festival after the guard had refused to let Price's daughter, Chance, backstage; Price later emailed a response which read, "Yep, guilty as charged", but in March 2018, district judge Lynn Matthews at Bristol Magistrates' Court rejected Price's emailed response and in

3772-785: The UK's jungle scene in the 1990s. The popularity of drum and bass at its commercial peak ran parallel to several other UK dance styles. A major influence was the original Jamaican dub and reggae sound that influenced jungle 's bass-heavy sound. Another feature of the style is the complex syncopation of the drum tracks' breakbeat . Drum and bass subgenres include breakcore , ragga jungle , hardstep , darkstep , techstep , neurofunk , ambient drum and bass, liquid funk (also known as liquid drum and bass), jump up, drumfunk, sambass , and drill 'n' bass . Drum and bass has influenced other genres such as big beat , dubstep , trip hop and has been influenced by hip hop , house , ambient music , techno , jazz , rock and pop . Drum and bass

3854-457: The United States. Today, drum and bass is widely promoted using different methods such as video sharing services like YouTube and Dailymotion , blogs , radio , and television , the latter being the most uncommon method. More recently, music networking websites such as SoundCloud and Mixcloud have become powerful tools for artist recognition, providing a vast platform that enables quick responses to new tracks. Record labels have adopted

3936-455: The album "ambitious but monotonous and overlong— Pink Floyd with a gold tooth". In 2002, Price said that he had been working for three years on a film called Sine Tempus , described as a coming-of-age story of a young paintbrush artist. In 2006, he announced the soundtrack as his new album. The album was released via the Metalheadz website in 2008, but the film has not been released. Price

4018-407: The boundaries of drum and bass further into the mainstream with artists such as Chase and Status and Sub Focus . Now defunct labels include Rob Playford 's Moving Shadow , running from 1990 until 2007, which played a pivotal role in the nineties drum and bass scene, releasing records by artists such as Omni Trio . Originally drum and bass was mostly sold in 12-inch vinyl single format. With

4100-534: The crowd to begin dancing. Drum and bass exhibits a full frequency response which can sometimes only be fully appreciated on sound systems which can handle very low frequencies, including sub-bass frequencies that are often felt more than heard. As befits its name, the bass element of the music is particularly pronounced, with the comparatively sparse arrangements of drum and bass tracks allowing room for basslines that are deeper than most other forms of dance music. Drum and bass tracks are meticulously designed to create

4182-464: The development of drum and bass, with stations such as Kool FM (which continues to broadcast today having done so since 1991), Origin FM, Don FM (the only drum and bass pirate to have gained a temporary legal licence), Renegade Radio 107.2FM, Rude FM, Wax FM and Eruption among the most influential. As of 2014, despite higher profile stations such as 1Xtra scaling back their drum and bass specialist coverage,

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4264-430: The drum and bass community have developed and the scene as a whole has become much more fractured into specific subgenres, which have been grouped into "light" (influenced by ambient , jazz , and world music ) and "heavy" (influenced by industrial music , sci-fi , and anxiety ) styles, including: Born around the same time as jungle, breakcore and digital hardcore share many of the elements of drum and bass and to

4346-573: The drum and bass scene, with the exception of some notable signings, including Pendulum 's In Silico LP to Warner. Roni Size's label played a big, if not the biggest, part in the creation of drum and bass with their dark, baseline sounds. V Recordings also played a large part of the development of drum and bass. BMG Rights Management acquired Ram Records in February 2016, making a strategic investment to help RAM Records (a London-based drum and bass record company co-owned by Andy C and his business partner Scott Bourne). RAM Records has been pushing

4428-651: The emergence of drum and bass into mainstream music markets, more albums, compilations and DJ mixes started to be sold on CDs. As digital music became more popular, websites focused on electronic music, such as Beatport , began to sell drum and bass in digital format. The bulk of drum and bass vinyl records and CDs are distributed globally and regionally by a relatively small number of companies such as SRD (Southern Record Distributors), ST Holdings, & Nu Urban Music Limited. As of 11 September 2012, Nu Urban ceased trading and RSM Tenon were instructed to assist in convening statutory meetings of members and creditors to appoint

4510-477: The ensuing years of the genre's development. A very obvious and strong influence on jungle and drum and bass, thanks to the British African-Caribbean sound system scene, is the original Jamaican dub and reggae sound, with pioneers like King Tubby , Peter Tosh , Sly & Robbie , Bill Laswell , Lee Perry , Mad Professor , Roots Radics , Bob Marley and Buju Banton heavily influencing

4592-495: The gang culture that had affected the UK's hip-hop scene and as a consequence of jungle's often aggressive or menacing sound and themes of violence (usually reflected in the choice of samples). However, this developed in tandem with the often positive reputation of the music as part of the wider rave scene and dancehall-based Jamaican music culture prevalent in London. By 1995, whether as a reaction to, or independently of this cultural schism, some jungle producers began to move away from

4674-517: The heavier sampling and "hardcore noises" and create more bassline and breakbeat led tracks. Some tracks increasingly took their influence from reggae and this style would become known as hardcore jungle (later to become simply jungle ), whilst darkcore (with producers such as Goldie , Doc Scott , 4hero , and 2 Bad Mice ) were experimenting with sounds and creating a blueprint for drum and bass, especially noticeable by late 1993. By 1994, jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity, and fans of

4756-490: The music (often referred to as junglists ) became a more recognisable part of youth subculture. The genre further developed, incorporating and fusing elements from a wide range of existing musical genres, including the raggamuffin sound, dancehall , MC chants, dub basslines, and increasingly complex, heavily edited breakbeat percussion. Despite the affiliation with the ecstasy -fuelled rave scene, jungle also inherited associations with violence and criminal activity, both from

4838-439: The music. Jazz pioneer Miles Davis has been named as a possible influence. Blues artists such as Lead Belly , Robert Johnson , Charlie Patton , Muddy Waters and B. B. King have also been cited by producers as inspirations. Even modern avant-garde composers such as Henryk Gorecki have received mention. One of the most influential tracks in drum and bass history was "Amen Brother" by The Winstons , which contains

4920-473: The music. Drum and bass is usually between 160 and 180 BPM, in contrast to other breakbeat -based dance styles such as nu skool breaks , which maintain a slower pace at around 130–140 BPM. A general upward trend in tempo has been observed during the evolution of drum and bass. The earliest forms of drum and bass clocked in at around 130 bpm in 1990/1991, speeding up to around 155–165 BPM by 1993. Since around 1996, drum and bass tempos have predominantly stayed in

5002-649: The music. This influence has lessened with time, but is still evident, with many tracks containing ragga vocals. As a musical style built around funk or syncopated rock and roll breaks , James Brown , Al Green , Marvin Gaye , Ella Fitzgerald , Gladys Knight & the Pips , Billie Holiday , Aretha Franklin , Otis Redding , the Supremes , the Commodores , Jerry Lee Lewis , and even Michael Jackson acted as funk influences on

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5084-449: The newly emerging sound. DJs at the Heaven nightclub on "Rage" nights used to play it as fast as their Technics record decks would go, pitching it up in the process. By the late 1980s and early 1990s, the tradition of breakbeat use in hip hop production had influenced the sound of breakbeat hardcore , which in turn led to the emergence of jungle, drum and bass, and other genres that shared

5166-480: The package was delivered, and the device was defused by Scotland Yard . In 1998, Price bought a country house in Bovingdon , Hertfordshire. Price married model Sonjia Ashby in 2002. They divorced in 2005. As of 2003, he had five children, including social content creator Danny Price, who has appeared on Channel 4 reality show Make Me Prime Minister . In 2007, Goldie began a relationship with Mika Wassenaar,

5248-417: The ragga-influenced style and create what would become collectively labelled, for convenience, as drum and bass. As the genre became generally more polished and sophisticated technically, it began to expand its reach from pirate radio to commercial stations and gain widespread acceptance (circa 1995–1997). It also began to split into recognisable subgenres such as hardstep , jump up, ragga, techstep, and what

5330-457: The rave scene and key moments from the drum'n'bass scene. In 2017, the Goldie album The Journey Man was released, which Price described as his " magnum opus " and "the most important thing that I've ever made." In 2020, Goldie launched his new record label, Fallen Tree 1Hundred. A 25th anniversary edition of Timeless was released by London Records the following year. The new release included

5412-718: The rise of hip hop culture in 1980s Britain. They are also mentioned in John Robb's book 'The North Will Rise Again' which charts the history of music in Northern England. Trix (a.k.a. Albert Thompson) went on to present the Channel 4 programme 'Trash Talk' and is regarded as a breakdancing legend. He continues to host breaking competitions around the world. Pepper T (a.k.a. Priscilla Angelique) went on to dance on TV shows like Dance Energy and Solid Soul. She became an academic, studying at Cambridge University among other universities and

5494-465: The rise of urban art across the United Kingdom. Price also appeared on Central Weekend , a Friday evening topical debate show on Central TV , promoting graffiti as an art form. He had a small documentary made about his own art on Central TV's Here and Now programme featuring Pogus Caesar 's photographs of New York. He has appeared on various young people's TV shows as part of a breakdance crew,

5576-581: The same use of broken beats. Drum and bass shares many musical characteristics with hip-hop, though it is nowadays mostly stripped of lyrics. Grandmaster Flash , Roger Troutman , Afrika Bambaata , Run DMC , Mac Dre , Public Enemy , Schooly D , N.W.A , Kid Frost , Wu-Tang Clan , Dr. Dre , Mos Def , Beastie Boys and the Pharcyde are very often directly sampled, regardless of their general influence. Clearly, drum and bass has been influenced by other music genres, though influences from sources external to

5658-401: The spectrum. The sounds of drum and bass are extremely varied due to the range of influences behind the music. Drum and bass could at one time be defined as a strictly electronic musical genre, with the only "live" element being the DJ's selection and mixing of records during a set. "Live" drum and bass using electric, electronic and acoustic instruments played by musicians on stage emerged over

5740-656: The track Ruffige . His releases Killa Muffin b/w Krisp Biscuit and the Dark Rider EP were released under the alias "Rufige Cru" His track "Terminator", released under the name "Metalheads" in 1992, was a hit in the jungle scene and is noted for pioneering the use of time stretching . In 1993, he released Angel , another 12" on the Synthetic Hardcore Phonography label. 1994 saw him setting up his own record label, Metalheadz . His first studio album, Timeless , followed in 1995. Timeless entered

5822-462: The uninitiated, tracks from the extreme end of drum and bass may sound identical to breakcore thanks to speed, complexity, impact and maximum sonic density combined with musical experimentation. German drum and bass DJ The Panacea is also one of the leading digital hardcore artists. Raggacore resembles a faster version of the ragga-influenced jungle music of the 1990s, similar to breakcore but with more friendly dancehall beats (dancehall itself being

5904-433: The use of podcasts . Prior to the rise of the internet, drum and bass was commonly broadcast over pirate radio . The three highest-profile radio stations playing drum and bass shows are BBC Radio 1 with The Drum and Bass Show – formerly with Friction , who was replaced with René LaVice in 2017, simulcast in the US and Canada on Sirius XM, and DJ Hype on Kiss 100 in London. Fabio and Grooverider previously held

5986-502: The world. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, a growing nightclub and overnight outdoor event culture gave birth to new genres in the rave scene including breakbeat hardcore , darkcore , and hardcore jungle , which combined sampled syncopated beats, or breakbeats, and other samples from a wide range of different musical genres and, occasionally, samples of music, dialogue and effects from films and television programmes. From as early as 1991, tracks were beginning to strip away some of

6068-499: Was 52, it covers a more comprehensive span than the earlier book but is more philosophic in tone. While incidents from his extraordinary childhood are recounted, it also includes his ruminations on musical heroes such as Pat Metheny and a conversation with "my left-hand man" Doc Scott as well as memories of his work in TV and film. The book includes pictures of Goldie on set with David Bowie . Co-written with Ben Thompson, 'All Things Remembered'

6150-455: Was a consistent theme in Kodwo Eshun 's acclaimed book 'More Brilliant Than The Sun' (published in 1998) which has long been seen as a landmark text on Afro-futurism. Among the works that Eshun referenced were Goldie's 1986 graffiti piece Future World Machine and his 1992 single 'Terminator' single. Noting the links between the multi-dimensionality in both painting and sound, Eshun noted: "There's

6232-546: Was angered by the fact that Björk was in a relationship with a black man (in both Price’s and Tricky’s case) and, on September 12, 1996, sent an explosive device to Björk, disguised as a book, which was designed to spray sulfuric acid on her face, disfiguring her or killing her. Lopez then went back to his apartment, shaved off all the hair on his head, and painted his face and head red and green, before shooting himself, all of which he filmed. The device failed to reach Björk because Lopez’s body, and his plans, were discovered before

6314-542: Was chosen by Nicola Barker as one of The Guardian's Books Of The Year. She described it as "a fabulous, whirling kaleidoscope of music, memory and trauma . . . magical and cautionary." In the early 1990s, Price had a relationship with drum and bass artist Kemistry , who died in a car accident in 1999. He was romantically involved with Icelandic singer Björk in 1996. His relationship with Björk, and her previous relationship that year with Massive Attack member Tricky , upset Ricardo Lopez , an obsessed Björk fan, who

6396-646: Was eventually released with the Fugees' permission after talk of legal action, though ironically, the Fugees' version infringed Enya 's copyright to an earlier song. White labels, along with dubplates , played an important part in drum and bass musical culture. The Amen break was synonymous with early drum and bass productions but other samples have had a significant impact, including the Apache , Funky Drummer , "Soul Pride", "Scorpio" and " Think (About It) " breaks. Early pioneers often used Akai samplers and sequencers on

6478-449: Was indeed sampled on Renegade's Terrorist and countless others since, being known simply as the 'Reese' bassline. He followed these up with equally influential (and bassline-heavy) tracks in the UK hardcore style as Tronik House in 1991–1992. Another Detroit artist who was important to the scene was Carl Craig . The sampled-up jazz break on Craig's Bug in the Bassbin was also influential on

6560-399: Was known at the time as intelligent. As more melodic and often jazz-influenced subgenres of drum and bass called atmospheric or intelligent ( Blame and Blu Mar Ten ) and jazzstep ( 4Hero , Roni Size ) gained mainstream appeal, additional subgenres emerged including techstep in 1996, drawing influence from techno . The emergence of related styles such as liquid funk in the 2000s brought

6642-673: Was physically and sexually abused during this time. Price was a member of the breakdance crew Westside, based in the Whitmore Reans and Heath Town areas of Wolverhampton, in the 1980s. He later joined a breakdance crew called the Birmingham Bboys , and made his name as a graffiti artist in the West Midlands . His artwork around Birmingham and Wolverhampton was featured heavily in Dick Fontaine 's documentary Bombin ' . He

6724-529: Was scheduled to appear in The Games , a UK reality TV show on Channel 4, but during training for the water-ski jump event he fractured his femur and was unable to take part in the show. He was replaced by Adam Rickitt . In 2009, he was reported to be suing the producers of the show for damages as a result of the injury. In June 2008, Price participated in the German/French TV channel ARTEs format ' Into

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